itext in Action Second Edition BRUNO LOWAGIE MANNING (74 w. long.) Greenwich

Transcription

1 itext in Action Second Edition BRUNO LOWAGIE 11 MANNING Greenwich (74 w. long.)

2 contents preface xvii preface to the first edition acknowledgments xxi xviv about this book xxiii about the title xxviii about the cover illustration xxix Part 1 Creating PDF documents from scratch 1 ~1 Introducing PDF and itext Things you can do with PDF Working with the examples in this book Creating a PDF document in five steps with itext 8 Creating a new Document object 9 Getting a PdJWriter instance 12 Opening the Document 13 Adding content 15 Closing thedocument Summary 19 ix

3 Using itext's basic building blocks Illustrating the examples with a real-world database Adding Chunk, Phrase, Paragraph, and List objects 22 The Chunk object: a String, a Font, and some attributes 23 The Phrase object: a List of Chunks with leading 25 Paragraph object: a Phrase with extra properties and a newline 30 Distributing text over different lines 34 The List object: a sequence ofparagraphs called Listltem 37 The Drawlnterface: vertical position marks, separators, and tabs Adding Anchor, Image, Chapter, and Section objects 46 The Anchor object: internal and external links 47 Chapter and Section: get bookmarks forfree 49 TheImage object: adding raster format Summary illustrations Adding content at absolute positions Introducing the of concept direct content 58 Direct content layers 58 Graphics state and text state 60 A realworld database: three more tables Adding text at absolute positions 67 Convenience method: PdfContentByte. showtextaligned() 67 Convenience method: ColumnText.showTexlAligned() Working with the ColumnText object 74 Using composite ColumnText in text mode 75* mode 81 Using ColumnText in 3.4 Creating reusable content 84 Image XObjects 84- The PdfTemplate object Summary 92 Organizing content in tables Constructing tables 94 Your first PdjPTable 94 PdfPTable properties Changing the properties PdfPCell in text mode 99 PdfPCell 4.3 Dealing with large tables 112 of a cell 98 in composite mode 107 Repeating headers and footers 112 Splitting tables 113 Memory managementfor LargeElement implementations Adding a table at an absolute position 116 Working with writeselectedrowsq 116 Wrapping tables in columns Summary 121

4 xi Table, cell, and page events Decorating tables using table and cell events 123 Implementing the PdfPTableEvent interface 123 Implementing the PdjPCellEvent interface 125 Combining table and cell events Events for basic building blocks 133 Generic Chunk functionality 134 > Paragraph events 138 Chapter and Section events 138 Page order and blank pages Overview of the page boundaries 142 Themediabox 143 Thecropbox 145 Other page boundaries Adding page events to PdfWriter 148 Adding a header and a footer 148' Solving the "page X of Y" problem 150 Adding a watermark 152 Creating a slideshow Summary 155 Part 2 Manipulating existing PDF documents Working with existing 6.1 Accessing an existing PDF with PdfReader 160 Retrieving information about the document and its pages 160 Reducing the memory use ofpdfreader Copying pages from existing PDF documents 164 Importing pages 165 Scaling and superimposing pages 167 N-up copying and tiling PDF documents Adding content with PdfStamper 173 Adding content at absolute positions 173 Creating a PDF in multiple passes 175 Adding company stationery to an existing document 176 Inserting pages into an existing document 178 Filling out a PDF form Copying pages with PdfCopy 186 Concatenating and splittingpdf documents 187 versus PdfSmartCopy 189 Concatenating forms Summary Introducing PDFs 159 Making documents interactive 194 actions 195 PdfCopy Document-navigation actions 195 Explicit destinations 199 JavaScript in PDF documents 202 More actions 205

5 7.2 Adding bookmarks 208 Creating bookmarks for a new document 208 Retrieving bookmarks from an existing document 210' Adding bookmarks to an existing document 212* Concatenating documents with bookmarks Creating annotations 215 Open parameters 214 Text annotations 215 Link annotations 220 File attachments 222 Stamp, 7.4 JavaScript programming line, and rectangle annotations 224 in PDF 226 TriggeringfavaScriptfrom a button 226 Showing and hiding an annotation 227 A popup triggered by a button that doesn't need to be pushed 229 Additional actions 231 A PDF calculator Summary 234 Filling out interactive forms Introducing AcroForms Selecting states or trigger actions with button fields Filling Radio fields and radio buttons 238 Check boxes 240 Pushbuttons 241 in data with text fields 244 Creating text fields 244 Filling out textfields 247 ' Text fields and fonts 249 Validating text fields Selecting options with choice fields 252 Creating Manipulating combo boxes 255 lists and combo boxes 253 lists and 8.5 Refining the form-filling process 255 Choosingfield names 256' Optimizing the filling process 257 Partialform flattening 258 Customized form flattening Introducing the XML Forms Architecture (XFA) 264 Static XFA forms 265 Dynamic XFA forms Preserving the usage rights of Reader-enabled forms 275 Reader-enabling a form using Adobe Acrobat 276 Filling Reader-enabled forms using itext Summary 278 out

6 xiii Part 3 Essential itext skills 281 Integrating itext in your web applications Creating a PDF from a servlet 284 Thefive steps ofpdf creation in a web application 284 Troubleshooting web applications 286 * Generating a PDF from a JSP page Making a form "web ready" 293 Adding a submit button to an existingform 293 Filling out aform on the server side 298 PDFand XFDF in web applications JavaScript communication between HTML and PDF Creating basic building blocks from HTML and XML 307 Parsing HTML 308 ParsingXML Summary 315 Brightening your document with color and images Working with the itext color classes 318 Device colors 318 Spot Transparency 325 Painting colors Overview of supported image types 329 patterns 321 JPEG,JPEG2000, GIF, PNG, BMP, WMF, TIFF, andjbig2 330 Creating a raw image 332 CCITT compressed images 333 Creating barcodes 334 «Working with java.awt.image 338 Compressing images 338 Images consisting of multiplepages or frames Making images transparent 341 Images and transparency 341 Masking images 344 Clipping images Summary 348 Choosing the rightfont Getting fonts from a file 349 Font files and their extensions 350 and OpenType fonts 353 Type 1 fonts 352 TrueType 11.2 Examining font types from a PDF perspective 354 Simple fonts 355 * Composite fonts 357

7 xiv CONTENTS 11.3 Using fonts in itext 359 Overview of the Font classes 359 Type 3 fonts 361 CfK fonts 363 Writingfrom right to left 366 * typography Automating font creation and selection 373 Advanced Getting a Font from the FontFactory 374 ' Automatic font selection Summary 379 Protectingyour PDF Adding metadata 381 The info dictionary 381 The Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP) PDF and compression 385 Compression levels 385 Compressing and decompressing existing files Encrypting a PDF document 387 Creating a password-encrypted PDF 387 ' Public-key encryption Digital signatures, OCSP, and timestamping 395 Creating an unsigned signaturefield 395 Signing a PDF 396 Adding multiple signatures 399 ' Verifying the signatures in a document 402 Creating the digest and signing externally 403 CRLs, OCSP, and timestamping 405 PDF Advanced Electronic Signatures (PAdES) profiles Summary 410 Part 4 Under the hood 411 PDFs inside-out PDF, why and how? 414 * The ancestors ofpdf 414 The history of PDF 414 PDF as an ISO standard 418 PDF/X, PDF/A, PDF/E, PDF/UA, and other types ofpdf Understanding the Carousel Object System 424 BasicPDF objects 424 The PDF file structure 426 Climbing up the object tree 432

8 XV 13.3 Exploring the root of a PDF file 434 Page layout, page mode, and viewer preferences 435 Pages and page labels 441 Outlines, destinations, and names 446 AcroForms revisited Summary 451 The imaging model Examining the content stream Path construction and painting operators 454 Constructing paths 454 Painting and clipping paths 456 Convenience methods to draw shapes Overview of the graphics state methods 460 Line characteristics 461 Colors 464 Changing the coordinate system 466 Affine transformations usingjava Overview of the text and text state methods 471 Text state operators 471 Text-positioning and text-showing operators 472 Convenience methods for text Usingjava.awt.Graphics2D 477 Drawing content to PdfGraphics2D 478 Drawing PdfGraphics2D Summary 492 text to Page content and structure Making content visible or invisible 493 Optional content groups 494 Adding structure to layers 495 Optional content membership 500 Changing the state of a layer with an action 501vOptional content in XObjects and annotations Working with marked content Parsing Object data 506 Section 508 and accessibility 508 Adding structure 511 PDFs 514 Examining the content stream with PRTokeniser 514 Processing content streams with PdfContentStreamProcessor 517 Extracting text with PdfReaderContentParser and PdJTextExtractor 519 Finding text margins 523 Extracting images Summary 525

9 PDF streams Finding and replacing image and font streams 526 Adding a special ID to an Image 527 document 528 Listing 16.2 Embedding the fonts files into a PDF 533 Resizing an image in an existing Replacing a font 531 used 529 File attachment annotations 533 Document-level attachments 535 Go to embedded file action 536 PDF packages, portable collections, or portfolios Integrating rich media 545 Movie annotations 545 3D annotations 546 Embedding Flash into a PDF 548 Establishing communication between Flex and PDF Summary 558 appendix A Bibliography 563 appendix B Useful links 565 index 569