Long term AV-media delivery Basic assumptions of Yle

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2 Long term AV-media delivery Basic assumptions of Yle Share of tv-content viewing through IP-enabled screens will exceed the viewing through DTT- & other broacasting receivers. Terrestrial digital tv-networks (DTT) are essential for delivery of Yle linear tvchannels for next years, i.e. approx. until Yle tv-channels will be probably transmitted further through UHF-DTT-network. Also VHF-DTT is potentially able to fulfill Yle needs, but it requires nation wide VHF-DTT coverage and extensive penetration of VHF-reception antennas directed to VHFtransmitters. After the transition period, fixed and wireless broadband IP-networks will dominate Yle audiovisual content delivery. Fixed and wireless broadband IP-networks need to fulfill certain prerequisites for Yle content delivery incl. deliver broadcast quality to entire nation-wide audience simultaneously, see next pages in detail. Most probably Yle cannot afford multiple overlapping universal coverage radio network delivery. As soon as Yle can fulfil its public service assignment to serve whole population through wireless broadband networks, Yle need to reconsider how long it can afford to purchase DTT-capacity. 2

3 to replace DTT (1) a) Broadcast quality of content delivery, technical reliability in outages etc. Congestion experienced currently in 3G & 4G networks need to be eliminated b) Entire audience need to be able to receive live video, incl. tv-channels simultaneously. Event TV & Breaking news attract major part of population to watch simultaneously same real-time live video transmission Requires multicasting/broadcasting feature in cellular handsets & networks (LTE embms or similar feature in 5G networks) QoS need to be secured: Priorisation of multicasting/broadcasting streams compared to unicasting or exclusive frequencies for multicasting/broadcasting? Multicasting is needed in addition to increasing amount of unicasting capacity, wide usage of fixed broadband & WiFi -combination and developing video delivery technologies (HEVC, ABR) 3

4 to replace DTT (2) c) Adequate operational and business models are needed FTA, free-to-air, i.e. no fee charged from audience for Yle content. Yle content need to be available without subscribing any commercial content service. Commercial av-content services may enrich the availability of Yle content to audience Chargeable business model needed for commercial broadcasters Must Carry -rule for broadband networks is one solution to secure FTAdelivery to entire audience Definition of Must Carry -obligation cannot anymore be based on DTT-distribution If data caps will dominate broadband subscription pricing, importance of Must Carry -obligation will increase. Yle need to be able to control End-user interface and user experience of Yle content services End-user behaviour data collection, which is crucial for development of Yle content services. 4

5 to replace DTT (3) d) Affordable pricing of the share of radio transmission capacity paid by Yle, either through network competition or by price regulation. Mobile network competition is tough in current B2B & B2C end-user markets Workable competition in MNO <-> Content provider -market requires probably structural prerequisites in telecoms regulation. Yle prefers market mechanism to secure affordable price level, i.e. Yle is not proposing price regulation. e) Should content be broadcasted only once per geographical area by one cellular network, in order to prevent waste of radio frequencies with multiple transmission of same content? Relevant only for multicasting/broadcasting delivery, not for unicasting Universal availability of radio channels might require that users need to be able to receive PSM content from other cellular networks than which has issued their SIM-card or fully without SIM-card? 5

6 to replace DTT (4) f) Frequency bands used for av-content delivery need be allocated flexibly and dynamically according to changing needs over the time, both short term and long term. Uplink vs. downlink data traffic is asymmetrical but current uplink & downlink frequency allocation is symmetrical Supplemental Downlink (SDL) Need of multicasting/broadcasting vs. unicasting capacity varies due to the media content type (live events vs VOD-content) Might require new type of national licensing & regulation. When prerequisites a) - f) are fulfilled, UHF spectrum ( MHz) can be moved gradually for wireless broadband networks. 6

7 to replace DTT - Summary a) Broadcast quality of content delivery b) Entire audience to receive live video simultaneously c) Operational and business models, incl. FTA d) Affordable pricing of radio transmission capacity e) Broadcasting only once per geographical area? f) Frequency bands to be allocated dynamically 7

8 Topics to be studied and agreed between stakeholders A. IP network operators need to enable av-content availability to entire audience simultaneously in fixed and mobile IP-networks Multicasting (LTE embms or similar feature in 5G networks), co-location of cache-servers to the edge of IP-networks. B. National & EU-regulators need to clarify operational and business model issues, incl. : FTA, no fee charged from audience for Yle content Affordable pricing of transmission capacity for Yle content Content broadcasted only once per geographical area? Frequency bands used for av-content delivery need be allocated dynamically C. All stakeholders together need to plan gradual migration from DTT to LTE-delivery. Sub-700 MHz band is needed for DTT for medium time period, in Finland at least until 2026 (an expiration time of next national DTT-licenses). In Finland some/major part of sub-700 MHz band can probably be released for wireless broadband networks at