Unit 3. EIGRP, Troubleshooting and VoIP

Transcription

1 nit 3 GRP, roubleshooting and VoP

2 VoP elephony ses digitized voice streamed over the internet instead of traditional telephone company lines Requires either a special phone or an adapter for your existing phone heaper than traditional service Primary disadvantages o power, no phone 911 not always available

3 Go off hook and get a dial tone Dial the number (telephone number mapped to an P host by the dial plan mapper VoP all Process he P host has a direct connection to the called party wo Bi-directional hannels opened over the P network odecs are enabled and the RP/DP/P protocol stream the packets f answered, conversation takes place Go on hook, session torn down

4 VoP etwork

5 isco VoP etwork quipment P telephone witch P router P PBX P gateway

6 VoP Protocols RP Real-ime ransport Protocol RP - Real-ime ransport ontrol Protocol P - ession nitiation Protocol is the signaling g protocol P- allows P phones to be used over the P G edia Gateway ontrol Protocol will eventually allow centralized VoP networks

7 VoP Qo Problems atency if greater than 150ms can cause talk over Jitter and out of sequence packets cause dead air or garbled calls Packet loss causes voices to sound choppy or dead air without the connection being terminated cho can occur on either end of the call. cho suppressors are installed to prevent the problem

8 GRP GRP is the nhanced nterior Gateway Routing Protocol onsidered a hybrid protocol that uses the best features of distance vector and link state isco proprietary p protocol se more accurate metrics to find the best path nly updates the database when the topology changes

9 GRP Features nequal cost path load balancing Fast convergence time using the D (Diffusing pdate lgorithm) which allows affected routers to synchronize simultaneously by storing backup routes ow network overhead by only sending hello packets if the network is stable because it uses the hello packets to establish adjacency nly propagates changes aximum hop count of 4 upports route tagging and automatic route summarization at major network boundaries and manual elsewhere etrics Bandwidth (default) Delay (default oad Reliability

10 GRP Features upported protocols ppletalk PX Pv4 Pv6 aintains a neighbor and a routing table for each protocol Passive state indicated both available and reachable ctive state means a successor route cannot tbe found and request tfor information is multicast to all neighbors

11 Packet ypes Hello discover, verify and if necessary rediscover neighbors (sent to on P networks) se hold times to determine if a neighbor is available cknowledgement indicates that a packet has been received pdate unicast packet sent to a new neighbor to provide all the topology information i Query used to get specific information from another router Reply response to a QRY

12 GRP Discovery Process

13 GRP pdates

14 Reliable ransport Protocol (RP) his is isco ss proprietary transport protocol

15 uccessors llowed up to 4 successors in the routing table Feasible successors kept in the topology table

16 Route ummarization anual summarization uses the ip summary-address eigrp command

17 etwork Problems ommands entered incorrectly ccess lists are wrong or put in the wrong place etwork devices are configured wrong Hardware problems Routers witches etwork appliances inks

18 roubleshooting se the following commands debug ip rip debug ip eigrp debug ip ospf events debug ospf packet debug ip igrp transactions debug igrp events