SD Module-1 Advanced JAVA

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1 Assignment No. 3 SD Module-1 Advanced JAVA R C (4) V T Total (10) Dated Sign Title: Enhance above system by using JDBC, Multithreading, concurrency, synchronous and asynchronous callbacks, Thread Pools using Executor Service. Problem Definition: Write a Java program with the help of JDBC and Multithreading Perform Various Operation on Student database like Add Student, Search Student, Deleted Student and Failed Student List etc. 1.1 Prerequisite: Basic concepts of JDBC Concepts of Multithreading, Concurrency, Synchronous and Asynchronous callbacks. 1.2 Software Requirements: Eclipse SDK 1.3 Tools/Framework/Language Used: JDBC Connectivity Driver and MySQL. 1.4 Hardware Requirement: PIV, 2GB RAM, 500 GB HDD, Lenovo A Model. 1.5 Learning Objectives: Understand the implementation of JDBC and Multithreading Concept. 1.6 Outcomes: After completion of assignment student are able to implement the concept of JDBC and Multithreading Concept in easy ways. 1.7 Theory Concepts: Java JDBC is a java API to connect and execute query with the database. JDBC API uses jdbc drivers to connect with the database. SNJB S K.B.J. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CHANDWAD 1

Before JDBC, ODBC API was the database API to connect and execute query with the database. But, ODBC API uses ODBC driver which is written in C language (i.e. platform dependent and unsecured).

2 Before JDBC, ODBC API was the database API to connect and execute query with the database. But, ODBC API uses ODBC driver which is written in C language (i.e. platform dependent and unsecured). That is why Java has defined its own API (JDBC API) that uses JDBC drivers (written in Java language). JDBC Driver JDBC Driver is a software component that enables java application to interact with the database.there are 4 types of JDBC drivers: 1. JDBC-ODBC bridge driver 2. Native-API driver (partially java driver) 3. Network Protocol driver (fully java driver) 4. Thin driver (fully java driver) 1) JDBC-ODBC bridge driver The JDBC-ODBC bridge driver uses ODBC driver to connect to the database. The JDBC-ODBC bridge driver converts JDBC method calls into the ODBC function calls. This is now discouraged because of thin driver. Advantages: easy to use. can be easily connected to any database. Disadvantages: Performance degraded because JDBC method call is converted into the ODBC function calls. The ODBC driver needs to be installed on the client machine. There are 5 steps to connect any java application with the database in java using JDBC. They are as follows: Register the driver class Creating connection SNJB S K.B.J. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CHANDWAD 2

3 Creating statement Executing queries Closing connection Multithreading in Java Multithreading in java is a process of executing multiple threads simultaneously. Thread is basically a lightweight sub-process, a smallest unit of processing. Multiprocessing and multithreading, both are used to achieve multitasking. But we use multithreading than multiprocessing because threads share a common memory area. They don't allocate separate memory area so saves memory, and context-switching between the threads takes less time than process. Java Multithreading is mostly used in games, animation etc. Advantages of Java Multithreading 1) It doesn't block the user because threads are independent and you can perform multiple operations at same time. 2) You can perform many operations together so it saves time. 3) Threads are independent so it doesn't affect other threads if exception occur in a single thread. Multitasking Multitasking is a process of executing multiple tasks simultaneously. We use multitasking to utilize the CPU. Multitasking can be achieved by two ways: Process-based Multitasking(Multiprocessing) Thread-based Multitasking(Multithreading) 1) Process-based Multitasking (Multiprocessing) Each process have its own address in memory i.e. each process allocates separate memory area. Process is heavyweight. Cost of communication between the process is high. Switching from one process to another require some time for saving and loading registers, memory maps, updating lists etc. 2) Thread-based Multitasking (Multithreading) Threads share the same address space. Thread is lightweight. Cost of communication between the thread is low. What is Thread in java A thread is a lightweight sub process, a smallest unit of processing. It is a separate path of execution. Threads are independent, if there occurs exception in one thread, it doesn't affect other threads. It shares a common memory area. SNJB S K.B.J. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CHANDWAD 3

4 Life Cycle of Thread A thread can be in one of the five states. According to sun, there is only 4 states in thread life cycle in java new, runnable, non-runnable and terminated. There is no running state. But for better understanding the threads, we are explaining it in the 5 states. The life cycle of the thread in java is controlled by JVM. The java thread states are as follows: 1. New 2. Runnable 3. Running 4. Non-Runnable (Blocked) 5. Terminated Java Thread pool represents a group of worker threads that are waiting for the job and reuse many times. In case of thread pool, a group of fixed size threads are created. A thread from the thread pool is pulled out and assigned a job by the service provider. After completion of the job, thread is contained in the thread pool again. Advantage of Java Thread Pool Better performance It saves time because there is no need to create new thread. Real time usage It is used in Servlet and JSP where container creates a thread pool to process the request. Synchronous and Asynchronous Thread SNJB S K.B.J. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CHANDWAD 4

5 When you execute something synchronously, you wait for it to finish before moving on to another task. When you execute something asynchronously, you can move on to another task before it finishes. That being, said, in the context of computers this translates into executing a process or task on another "thread." A thread is a series of commands--a block of code--that exists as a unit of work. The operating system can manage multiple threads and assign a thread a piece ("slice") of processor time before switching to another thread to give it a turn to do some work. At its core (pardon the pun), a processor can simply execute a command--it has no concept of doing two things at one time. The operating system simulates this by allocating slices of time to different threads. Now, if you introduce multiple cores/processors into the mix, then things CAN actually happen at the same time. The operating system can allocate time to one thread on the first processor, then allocate the same block of time to another thread on a different processor. All of this is about allowing the operating system to manage the completion of your task while you can go on in your code and do other things. Asynchronous programming is a complicated topic because of the semantics of how things tie together when you can do them at the same time. Thread Pool Executor:- Java thread pool manages the pool of worker threads, it contains a queue that keeps tasks waiting to get executed. We can use ThreadPoolExecutor to create thread pool in java Design and Program Flow: 1. Write Student.java program for Display the Student details like Roll no, name and marks. 2. Write Client.java program Perform Various Operation on Student database like Add Student, Search Student, Deleted Student and Failed Student List etc. 3. Write Operation.java program perform various Operations using ArrayList. 4. Write ServerDemo.java program for Connection establishment with Client. 5. Write Db.java program for Open and Close Connection using MySql Conclusion: In this way Student able to implement the JDBC and Multithreading Concept in java successfully in this assignment. 1.9 Assignment Questions: 1. What is Multithreading? 2. What is the difference between preemptive scheduling and time slicing? 3. What is difference between wait() and sleep() method? 4. What is synchronization? 5. What are the JDBC API components? Oral Questions: 1. What are the JDBC statements? 2. What is the role of JDBC DriverManager class? 3. What is batch processing and how to perform batch processing in JDBC? 4. What does the JDBC ResultSet interface? 5. What is Thread Pool? References : SNJB S K.B.J. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CHANDWAD 5

SD Module-1 Advanced JAVA

Assignment No. 4 SD Module-1 Advanced JAVA R C (4) V T Total (10) Dated Sign Title: Transform the above system from command line system to GUI based application Problem Definition: Write a Java program