Java with Node.js Powering the Next Generation of Web Applications

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Java with Node.js Powering the Next Generation of Web Applications"

Antonia Logan
5 years ago
Views:

1 Java with Node.js Powering the Next Generation of Web Applications Oracle Code One, Oct 23rd 2018 Chris Bailey Chief Architect, Cloud Bailey CloudNativeJS.io MicroProfile.io

2 +!2

3 vs!3

5 Developer trend No. 2: Java s decline as a language will accelerate

6 Developer trend No. 2: Java s decline as a language will accelerate Java is in decline look at the jobs. Yes, there are more of them... doing maintenance.

7 Developer trend No. 2: Java s decline as a language will accelerate Java is in decline look at the jobs. Yes, there are more of them... doing maintenance. Now look at the Node.js or Spark or MongoDB job postings. Those are about doing new development.

9 GitHub State of the Octoverse

10 GitHub State of the Octoverse

12 Redmonk Language Rankings

13 Redmonk Language Rankings

14 Redmonk Language Rankings

15 Redmonk Language Rankings

16 Developer Productivity!16

17 !17

18 Maven Central (Java) /03/ /03/ /03/ /03/ /03/ /03/29 Module Counts

19 vs npm (node.js) Maven Central (Java) /03/ /03/ /03/ /03/ /03/ /03/29 Module Counts

20 Writing a HTTP Server!20

21 Writing a HTTP Server var cluster = require('cluster'); var cpus = require('os').cpus().length; var http = require('http'); if (cluster.ismaster) { for (var i = 0; i < cpus; i++) { cluster.fork(); } cluster.on('death', function(worker) { console.log("worker" + worker.pid + "died"); }); } else { http.createserver(function(request, response) { response.writehead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"}); response.write("hello World!\n"); response.end(); }).listen(8080); }!21

22 And Clustering It. var cluster = require('cluster'); var cpus = require('os').cpus().length; var http = require('http'); if (cluster.ismaster) { for (var i = 0; i < cpus; i++) { cluster.fork(); } cluster.on('death', function(worker) { console.log("worker" + worker.pid + "died"); }); } else { http.createserver(function(request, response) { response.writehead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"}); response.write("hello World!\n"); response.end(); }).listen(8080); }!22

23 Typical Java Approach to Scalable I/O One thread per connection - Each thread waits on a response - Scalability determined by the number of threads Each thread: - consumes memory - is relatively idle Concurrency determined by number of depot workers!23

24 Node.js approach to Scalable I/O One thread multiplexes for multiple requests - No waiting for a response - Handles return from I/O when notified Scalability determined by: - CPU usage - Back end responsiveness Concurrency determined by how fast the food server can work!24

25 Node.js event based programming var http = require('http'); var server = http.createserver(); server.listen(8080); server.on('request', function(request, response) { response.writehead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"}); response.write("hello World!\n"); response.end(); }); server.on('connection', function(socket) {}); server.on('close', function() {}); server.on('connect', function(socket) {}); server.on('upgrade', function(request, socket, head) {}); server.on('clienterror', function(exception, socket) {});!25

26 Code required to implement benchmarks Average 45% less code required for Node.js implementation The Computer Language Benchmarks Game

27 Fullstack Development!27

28 From Web Sites to Web Apps The web has moved from Web Sites to Web Applications!28

29 Programming in the Browser JavaScript is ubiquitous in the browser - Supported in every browser - Integration with HTML and CSS JavaScript is not affected by negative publicity... Unless it is absolutely necessary to run Java in web browsers, disable it as described below, even after updating to 7u11. This will help mitigate other Java vulnerabilities that may be discovered in the future. This and previous Java vulnerabilities have been widely targeted by attackers, and new Java vulnerabilities are likely to be discovered. To defend against this and future Java vulnerabilities, consider disabling Java in web browsers!29

30 FullStack JavaScript Development Reuse of programming skills and teams Reuse of skills for both client and server side code Reuse of isomorphic code components Reuse of code for both client and server Write One Run Anywhere Faster user experience performance Use of server side rendering!30

31 Server Side Rendering Pre-Initialisation of the client UI on the server: Improves time for the first elements appearing in the UI Has additional benefits: Search Engine Indexing Easier code maintenance!31

32 Type Safety!32

33 Simple Calculation: private static void add (int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + b); } public static void main(string[] args){ int a = 5; int b = 3; var add = function (a, b) { console.log(a + b); } var a = 5; var b = 3; } add(a, b); add(a, b); > javac app.java > java app > 8 > node app.js > 8!33

34 Simple Calculation: private static void add (int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + b); } public static void main(string[] args){ int a = 5; int b = 3; var add = function (a, b) { console.log(a + b); } var a = 5; var b = 3; } add(a, b); add(a, b); > javac app.java > java app > 8 > node app.js > 8!34

35 Simple Calculation: private static void add (int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + b); } public static void main(string[] args){ int a = 5; int b = 3; var add = function (a, b) { console.log(a + b); } var a = 5; var b = 3; } add(a, b); add(a, b); > javac app.java > java app > 8 > node app.js > 8!35

36 Simple Calculation: private static void add (int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + b); } public static void main(string[] args){ int a = 5; int b = 3; var add = function (a, b) { console.log(a + b); } var a = 5; var b = 3; } add(a, b); add(a, b); > javac app.java > java app > 8 > node app.js > 8!36

37 Simple Calculation: private static void add (int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + b); } public static void main(string[] args){ int a = 5; int b = 3; var add = function (a, b) { console.log(a + b); } var a = 5; var b = 3; } add(a, b); add(a, b); > javac app.java > java app > 8 > node app.js > 8!37

38 Simple Calculation: private static void add (int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + b); } public static void main(string[] args){ String a = new String( 5 ); int b = 3; var add = function (a, b) { console.log(a + b); } var a = 5 ; var b = 3; } add(a, b); add(a, b); > javac app.java > java app > 8 > node app.js > 8!38

39 Simple Calculation: private static void add (int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + b); } public static void main(string[] args){ String a = new String( 5 ); int b = 3; var add = function (a, b) { console.log(a + b); } var a = 5 ; var b = 3; } add(a, b); add(a, b); > javac app.java > java app > 8 > node app.js > 8!39

40 Simple Calculation: private static void add (int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + b); } public static void main(string[] args){ String a = new String( 5 ); int b = 3; var add = function (a, b) { console.log(a + b); } var a = 5 ; var b = 3; } add(a, b); add(a, b); > javac app.java Error: incompatible types: String cannot be converted to int add(a, b); ^ > node app.js > 8!40

41 Simple Calculation: private static void add (int a, int b){ System.out.println(a + b); } public static void main(string[] args){ String a = new String( 5 ); int b = 3; var add = function (a, b) { console.log(a + b); } var a = 5 ; var b = 3; } add(a, b); add(a, b); > javac app.java Error: incompatible types: String cannot be converted to int add(a, b); ^ > node app.js > 53!41

42 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // Weak typing, implicit conversion > '5' '4' 1 // String minus String = Integer?? > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!42

43 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // Weak typing, implicit conversion > '5' '4' 1 // String minus String = Integer?? > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!43

44 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // String is converted to a number for subtraction > '5' '4' 1 // String minus String = Integer?? > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!44

45 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // String is converted to a number for subtraction > '5' '4' 1 // String minus String = Integer?? > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!45

46 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // String is converted to a number for subtraction > '5' '4' 1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!46

47 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // String is converted to a number for subtraction > '5' '4' 1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!47

48 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // String is converted to a number for subtraction > '5' '4' 1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!48

49 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // String is converted to a number for subtraction > '5' '4' 1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!49

50 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // String is converted to a number for subtraction > '5' '4' 1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!50

51 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // String is converted to a number for subtraction > '5' '4' 1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected //...but that isn't!51

52 JavaScript Calculations > > '5' + 3 '53' > '5' 3 2 // String is converted to a number for subtraction > '5' '4' 1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction > '5' + + '4' 54 // Multiple +'s are ok > 'Hello' + 'World' 'HelloWorld' > 'Hello' + + 'World' 'HelloNaN' // Ok, that's expected // Multiple plus must cause String to number conversion!52

53 JavaScript Calculations > '5' + - '5' '5-2' // I can just about see that works > var x = 3 undefined > '5' x + x 5 // Ok, that makes sense > var x = 3 undefined > '5' + x - x 50 // What???!53

54 JavaScript Calculations > '5' + - '5' '5-2' // I can just about see that works > var x = 3 > '5' x + x 5 // Ok, that makes sense > var x = 3 undefined > '5' + x - x 50 // What???!54

55 JavaScript Calculations > '5' + - '5' '5-2' // I can just about see that works > var x = 3 > '5' x + x 5 // Ok, that makes sense > var x = 3 > '5' + x - x 50 // What???!55

56 Performance!56

57 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator int add(int a, int b) { return (a + b); }!57

58 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator int add(int a, int b) { return (a + b); } Add Instruction!58

59 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator int add(int a, int b) { return (a + b); } Add Instruction Return Result!59

60 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); }!60

61 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } Check type of A!61

62 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } String Check type of A Number!62

63 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } String Check type of B String Check type of A Number Number!63

64 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } Concatenate String Check type of B String Check type of A Number Number!64

65 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } Concatenate String Check type of B String Check type of A Number Number Concatenate!65

66 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } Concatenate String Check type of B String Check type of A Number Check type of B String Number Number Concatenate!66

67 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } Concatenate String Check type of B String Check type of A Number Check type of B String Concatenate Number Number Concatenate!67

68 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } Concatenate String Check type of B String Check type of A Number Check type of B String Concatenate Number Number Concatenate Float Floating Point or Normal Normal!68

69 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } Concatenate String Check type of B String Check type of A Number Check type of B String Concatenate Number Number Concatenate Float Floating Point or Normal Normal Add Instruction!69

70 Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation: The + operator var add = function (a, b) { return (a + b); } Concatenate String Check type of B String Check type of A Number Check type of B String Concatenate Number Number Concatenate Float Calculation Float Floating Point or Normal Normal Add Instruction!70

71 Benchmarks Game Comple1on Times (lower is be+er) Regex-dna n-body reverse-comp spectral-norm mandelbrot fasta-redux binary-trees pidigits k-nucleobde fannkuch-redux fasta The Computer Language Benchmarks Game

72 Benchmarks Game Comple1on Times (lower is be+er) Regex-dna n-body reverse-comp spectral-norm mandelbrot fasta-redux binary-trees pidigits k-nucleobde fannkuch-redux fasta The Computer Language Benchmarks Game

73 JSON Serialisation JSON serialization of a newly instantiated object Maps - Key of message - Value of Hello, World! Example response: TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

74 JSON Serialisation JSON serialization of a newly instantiated object Maps - Key of message - Value of Hello, World! Example response: Java JavaScript TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

75 TechEmpower Performance (%age of best - higher is be0er) JSON Serializa2on Single Query Data Updates More Computation More I/O TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

76 TechEmpower Performance (%age of best - higher is be0er) JSON Serializa2on Single Query Data Updates More Computation More I/O TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

77 Single Query Fetches single row from simple database table Row serialized as JSON Example response: TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

78 Single Query Fetches single row from simple database table Row serialized as JSON Java Example response: JavaScript TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

79 TechEmpower Performance (%age of best - higher is be0er) JSON Serializa2on Single Query Data Updates More Computation More I/O TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

80 TechEmpower Performance (%age of best - higher is be0er) JSON Serializa2on Single Query Data Updates More Computation More I/O TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

81 Data Updates Fetches multiple rows from a table Converts rows to objects and modifies one attribute of each object Updates each associated row and serializes as JSON Example Response: TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

Data Updates Fetches multiple rows from a table Converts rows to objects and modifies one attribute of each object Updates each associated row and serializes

82 Data Updates Fetches multiple rows from a table Converts rows to objects and modifies one attribute of each object Updates each associated row and serializes as JSON Example Response: JavaScript Java TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

83 TechEmpower Performance (%age of best - higher is be0er) JSON Serializa2on Single Query Data Updates More Computation More I/O TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

84 TechEmpower Performance (%age of best - higher is be0er) JSON Serializa2on Single Query Data Updates More Computation More I/O TechEmpower Web Framework Benchmarks

85 Language Selection!85

86 Microservices Paradigm Do one thing, and do it well Services are small and targeted to their task Services are organized around capabilities Services are self contained, storing their own data!86

87 Choosing the Right Language for the Service!87

88 Choosing the Right Language for the Service!88

89 Choosing the Right Language for the Service Node.js Performance Relative to Java + 1/3x 0 CPU Bound - 4x Application Performance (higher is better) Node.js I/O Bound * based on TechEmpower benchmark results!89

90 Choosing the Right Language for the Service Node.js Performance Relative to Java + 1/3x 0 CPU Bound - 4x Application Performance (higher is better) Node.js I/O Bound * based on TechEmpower benchmark results Error: incompatible types ClassCastException!90

91 Choosing the Right Language for the Service Higher performance for I/O Easier async programming Fullstack/isomorphic development!91

92 Choosing the Right Language for the Service Higher processing performance Type safety for calculations Rich processing frameworks!92

93 Choosing the Right Language for the Service + Highly performant, scalable rich web applications Highly performant, reliable transaction processing Self-contained micro-service components!93

94 Emerging Architectures!94

95 Rich Web Applications!95

96 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK GATEWAY Client Devices Application Tier Database Tier

97 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK GATEWAY Client Devices Service Tier Database Tier

98 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK GATEWAY Client Devices Delivery Tier Service Tier Database Tier

99 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK GATEWAY Client Devices Delivery Tier Service Tier Hosted Services

100 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK ROUTING PROXY Client Devices GATEWAY Delivery Tier Micro-Services Hosted Services

101 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK ROUTING PROXY Client Devices GATEWAY Delivery Tier Micro-Services Hosted Services

102 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK ROUTING PROXY Client Devices GATEWAY Delivery Tier Micro-Services Hosted Services

103 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK ROUTING PROXY Client Devices GATEWAY Delivery Tier Micro-Services Hosted Services

104 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK ROUTING PROXY Client Devices GATEWAY Delivery Tier Micro-Services Hosted Services

105 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK ROUTING PROXY Client Devices GATEWAY Delivery Tier Micro-Services Hosted Services

106 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK ROUTING PROXY Client Devices GATEWAY Delivery Tier Micro-Services Hosted Services

107 PUBLIC NETWORK CLOUD NETWORK ROUTING PROXY Client Devices GATEWAY Backend For Frontend (BFF) Micro-Services Hosted Services

108 !108

109 Web Server Client Library A Service A Route A Client Library B Service B Route B Client Library C Service C Route C Client Library D Service D Route D Client Library E Service E Route E Client Library F Service D

110 +

111

112 TV

113 TV ios

114 TV ios Android Windows Browsers

115 TV ios Android Windows Browsers

116 TV ios Android Windows Remote Service Layer Browsers

117 TV ios Android Windows Remote Service Layer Browsers

118 Search TV ios Android Windows Browsers Remote Service Layer MAP GPS Catalog User Playback

119 Search TV ios Android Windows Browsers Remote Service Layer MAP GPS Catalog User Playback

120 UI Engineering Search TV ios Android Windows Browsers Remote Service Layer MAP GPS Catalog User Playback

121 UI Engineering Search TV ios Android Windows Browsers Remote Service Layer MAP GPS Catalog User Playback Provide User Centric Experience

122 UI Engineering Systems Engineering Search TV ios Android Windows Browsers Remote Service Layer MAP GPS Catalog User Playback Provide User Centric Experience

123 UI Engineering Systems Engineering Search TV ios Android Windows Browsers Remote Service Layer MAP GPS Catalog User Playback Provide User Centric Experience Project Enterprise Capabilities

124 Multi-Language Micro-services!124

125 !125

126 !126

127 !127

128 +!128

129 Questions?!129

Chris Bailey Bailey. Emerging Web Application Architectures With Java and Node.js

Chris Bailey Bailey. Emerging Web Application Architectures With Java and Node.js Chris Bailey IBM Emerging Web Application Architectures With Java and Node.js STSM, IBM Runtime Development 2 @seabaylea 2015 IBM Corporation 1 The Annual Death of Java Developer trend No. 2: Java s decline