Joint Research Centre Institute for Prospective Technological Studies

Transcription

1 Joint Research Centre Institute for Prospective Technological Studies The European Commission s in-house science service Serving society Stimulating innovation Supporting legislation

2 GPP Advisory Group Revision of the EU GPP criteria for the Office IT equipment product group Nicholas Dodd, JRC-IPTS 24 th September

3 Overview of the presentation The revision process to date Scope of the EU GPP criteria Underlying focus for environmental improvements Criteria areas and stakeholder comments received: 1. Energy consumption 2. Product lifetime extension 3. Hazardous substances 4. End-of-life management

4 Criteria revision process to date Commenced early 2013, EU Ecolabel and GPP in parallel Registered stakeholders: manufacturers, independent technical experts, Member States, procurers, existing electronic equipment ecolabels and NGOs Draft v1 Ecolabel criteria, Sept st AHWG meeting, Sevilla, Oct 2013 Draft v2 Ecolabel criteria Apr 2014 GPP questionnaire + call for experience/tenders, Feb 2014 Draft v1 GPP criteria, April nd AHWG meeting, Brussels, May 2014 Follow-up questions to GPP AG, June

5 Current scope definition

6 Proposed revisions to the scope Fully reflect Energy Star v6.0/6.1 scope definitions - Inclusion of mobile thin clients (a form of notebook), small-scale servers and workstations. - Inclusion of tablets and hybrid tablets/notebooks Monitors (displays) addressed, whether procured separately or bundled with a computer. - In line with proposed new Implementing Measures for Ecodesign i.e. a display may function as a display and television. Omission of separate peripherals and sub-assemblies - Keyboards, external power supplies and discrete graphics processing units. 6

7 Environmental improvement focus Important to make distinctions based on the form factor of the computer (e.g. desktop, notebook, tablet) and pattern of useage: Those requiring a focus on their use: - Desktop computers and displays: Electricity consumed during their use. - Portable products: Conditions and stresses exposed to influence lifespan. Those requiring a focus on their manufacturing: - Notebooks and tablets: Manufacturing of sub-assemblies such as motherboards, hard drives, batteries and display units. Revision focus: Energy efficient products, extend product design life (e.g. durability, repairability, upgradeability, facilitate re-use and easy extraction/recycling of hot spot metals/crm s

8 Summary matrix for four criteria areas

9 Energy consumption criteria (1) Major proposed changes Core criteria: - Aligned to Energy Star v6.0 (computers) and revised Ecodesign calculation method (displays) - Tablet computers exempted due to low relevance of energy consumption (approximately 4 kwh per year) Comprehensive criteria: - Allowances for Graphics Units capped according to Tier 2 of EU Ecodesign requirements (mandatory from 2016) - A dynamic element is introduced, with a link to the latest version of Energy Star Award criteria can be used to encourage further savings for the most energy intensive products.

10 Energy consumption criteria (2) Stakeholder comments and possible response Tablets are currently excluded from Energy Star - Energy Star v6.1 to be adopted by EU, projected Spring 2015 Central Government is obliged to buy Energy Star and Energy Labelled products - Display requirements linked to labelling and/or Energy Star The graphics capabilities cap requires revising to ensure it is more ambitious - Review of graphic card energy efficiency (CLASP) and cross-check of Energy Star and Ecodesign requirements Performance of graphics capabilities to be an award criterion? - Rapid improvements seen for high end capabilities may support this approach

11 Hazardous substances (1) Identification of current hazard benchmarks

12 Hazardous substances (2) Proposed substitution benchmarks

13 Hazardous substances (3) Proposed restrictions

14 Hazardous substances (4) Possible to set simple, verifiable criteria? Focus proposed on key areas of concern and manufacturer activity: - Flame retardants in PWB's and external casings - Plasticisers in external power cables Initial proposal to encourage/reflect substitute chemistry of best products on market Proposal: Manufacturer obtains hazard classifications from suppliers for substances used. Third party verification of self-classifications. Issue: Criteria are not based on analytical testing of the product Alternatives? German guidance - CMR criteria for notebooks

15 Hazardous substances (5) Industry flame retardant proposal Halogen-free components Award Criteria: Additional points will be awarded for computers that have low bromine and chlorine content in the product motherboard laminate, excluding components, with the maximum substance concentrations as defined in IEC IEC provides laboratory testing as verification.

16 Product lifetime extension (1) Focus on product reliability, maintenance and re-use Extended warranty period Upgradeable and replaceable parts Continued availability of spare parts External interfaces New focus on durability and reliability of product and hardware: Notebook durability testing Data storage drive reliability (stationary and portable) Battery lifespan New focus on end-of-service-life management Data sanitisation and re-use/recycling

17 Product lifetime extension (2) Upgradeability, repairs and warranty period Technical Specifications: Components with high failure rates or strong influence on product lifespan: - For repairs, keyboards, screen, battery and HDD are of relevance, for upgrades HDD/SSD, memory and battery. Continued availability of spare parts: - Possibility of being backwardly compatible. - Retention of period of five years as Comprehensive Award Criteria (new) Inviting manufacturers to offer extended warranties, explicitly covering batteries, and a parts price list

18 Product lifetime extension (3) Common notebook damage and accidents Source: IDC (2010)

19 Product lifetime extension (4) Notebook durability testing Basic set of durability tests to be provided to procurers, reflecting the most common notebook accidents and failures. Requirements in an ITT could be specified depending on the required robustness/end-use of the notebooks to be procured - Tests: Drop, shock, vibration, water ingress, screen, keyboard Given a degree of uncertainty associated with the market availability and additional costs testing is proposed as award criteria A screen glass durability specification was additionally proposed by stakeholders, specifically for tablets

20 Product lifetime extension (5) Battery life and endurance Battery lifetime declarations required under non-energy requirements of Ecodesign Regulation (EU) 207/2013 Annex II ITU Recommendation L.1010 (Green Batteries) proposes 500 cycles (80%) Proposal to introduce an award criteria with a minimum performance thresholds linking battery life and cycle endurance: - Minimum performance of 7 hours and 500 cycles (with 70% capacity retention) - Cycle endurance is proposed to be weighted higher than battery life

21 Product lifetime extension (6) Data storage drive reliability/durability HDD and computer useage patterns are critical e.g. Office desktop (9-5) v. small-scale enterprise server (24/7) v. laptop (potential for drop/shock) Annual Failure Rate (AFR) indicates probability of a HDD failing during its lifespan Physical damping of drives provides protection against vibration and shock Free-fall sensors detect a fall and retract the hard drive head, saving data

22 Product lifetime extension (7) Secure computer sanitisation, re-use, recycling Data sanitisation of drives is an important step in facilitating the re-use of computers used in the public sector. Award criteria proposal: Bidders sought in order to maximise the re-use of computers, either by sanitising drives or removing them for recycling. A number of options could be encouraged so as to find cost effective solutions geared to the level of data security required.

23 End-of-life management (1) Recycling, recyclability and dismantling Recyclability of plastics and metals - Not readily controlled by manufacturer, additives are the key issues Marking of plastics - Proposal is too lenient compared to other ecolabels (>100g) Plastic recycled content - Can it be reliably verified? New focus on the time efficient manual dismantling of products: Dismantling potential of devices

24 End-of-life management (2) Dismantling potential of devices Printed Circuit Boards (PCB s) Copper, gold, silver and palladium have the most value. LCD/LED display units Indium in displays is currently lost. Pilot plants to recover copper, manganese, zinc, yttrium, indium. Hard Disk Drives (HDD s) HDD contain neodymium magnets. Larger 3.5 inch HDD formats are more valuable. Lithium ion batteries Extraction required by the WEEE Directive

25 End-of-life management (3) Dismantling potential of devices Award criteria proposed to encourage devices that can be quickly and efficiently dismantled Proposal to establish a time threshold for displays, reflecting proposal for Ecodesign Regulation: - Enables tenders to be differentiated, but verification method not standardised No threshold for computers, a conservative figure has been selected from a manufacturers disassembly exercise - Verified extraction timing by Fraunhofer IZM/Tricom: 600 s Verification: real-life option in a WEEE treatment facility mirrors EPEAT for computers (IEEE ).

26 Next steps? Progress towards revised GPP proposal Follow-up from GPP AG/EUEB (Sept-Nov) Written consultation on revised proposals v3 (early 2015) Conclusion of revision process foreseen Summer 2015 Please visit the project websites:

27 Thank you for your attention Contact: Nicholas Dodd Tel Candela Vidal-Abarca Garrido Tel