ELEC 2520 Embedded Systems Engineering II

Transcription

1 ELEC 2520 Embedded Systems Engineering II University of Colorado Denver College of Engineering and Applied Science Department of Electrical Engineering Term: Spring 2011 Meeting: Tuesday/Thursday 3:30pm-4:45pm Professor Dan Connors Website: Web material will be posted at BlackBoard (ELEC 2520): NOTE: All communication by students must use ucdenver.edu as the domain, s from gmail, hotmail, yahoo, etc are NOT considered valid methods of communication. Course Design Catalog Description: A second semester computer engineering course covering fundamentals of computer architecture including processors, memory, peripherals, and operating systems including development tools, Kernel selection, file systems and storage, device manipulation, boot loaders, USB, networking, device drivers, and real time operating system usage. Instructor Description: This course focuses on the architecture of microprocessors, hardwaresoftware co-design, and integration of custom logic with microprocessor systems. The course covers effective design and testing techniques, implementation of hardware-software systems, interfacing I/O devices to microprocessors, and design for FPGAs. Prerequisites: The background for this course is ELEC 1510 Logic Design and ELEC 1520 Embedded System I (Introduction to C Programming) Topic Prerequisites: Introductory knowledge of the C programming language; understanding of computer data structures; knowledge of stack mechanisms and procedure calls, understanding of boolean logic design techniques; realization of boolean functions using AND, OR, XOR, NAND, NOR gates and appropriate minimization techniques; logic building blocks (flop-flops, multiplexors, decoders, shift registers), design and implementation of finite state machines; familiarity with modern digital CAD tools to implement and simulate digital designs, knowledge of Verilog (or VHDL) design language, knowledge of Linux commands and file system, and experience with compiler (i.e. gcc) and debugging environments. Course Relationship to Program Outcomes: Students attain: c. ability to design a system, component or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability e. ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems i. recognition of the need for, and ability to engage in, life-long learning j. knowledge of contemporary issues k. ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice 1

2 Course Objectives: The specific objectives of this course are to introduce assembly language programming using the NIOS II microprocessor, integrating C programs with assembly language subroutines, interfacing parallel and serial I/O devices with a microprocessor, and exception and interrupt processing. At the end of this course, each student should be able to write and debug C and NIOS assembly language programs, understand how to interface serial and parallel I/O devices with a microprocessor, write code to process interrupts, and understand the instruction set architecture of the NIOS microprocessor Hardware Design Understand the architecture of a development board and use of memory-mapped devices (UART, JTAG, PIO, Timer, VGA, A2D/D2A controllers, push-buttons, segment-leds) Ability to analyze performance metrics of devices (processor frequency, memory bandwidth & latency, operations per cycle) Understand of the FPGA chip architecture and the functional of its components Define a system architecture using the Altera FPGA chip and the on-board modules Design and implement a custom hardware and its interface with the bus architecture Software Design and Using State-of-the-Art Design Environments Understanding the details of system software components (boot loading, initialization, system stack, system calls) and interfacing hardware with high-level and low-level techniques. NIOS II assembly language. Understanding the capabilities of Quartus II Design Environment for design and verification. Course Outcomes: Write programs for a microcontroller in assembly language. Interface a microcontroller to general memory-mapped input/output devices. Effectively utilize the standard variety of peripherals integrated into a contemporary microcontroller: UART serial port, timers, segment displays, LCDs. Understand the implementation of high-level programming languages and their translation to assembly level (low-level) representation. Understand computer organization (processor, memory system, bus interfaces, DMA, etc). Debug system behavior and functionality. Build interrupt-service routines (ISR) for devices. Perform computer performance analysis. Course Topics Computer architecture, memory systems, bus interface, assembly code. Architecture and Operation of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays. CAD tools for FPGAs: Construct a simple circuit and download it to a FPGA. Use of FPGA CAD software and Altera FPGA board. Hardware and software for interrupt-driven I/O. Audio/Video input and output. Polling and interrupt-based communication between a microprocessor and I/O devices. 2

3 Course Policies: Required textbook: System Programming with C and Unix (Paperback) by Adam Hoover (Author) ISBN-10: In addition, there are course reference materials that will be provided. Reference textbook: C Programming - A Modern Approach by K. N. King ISBN Additional, Materials, Equipment: Students will work in groups of two (or individually) using the Altera DE2 FPGA prototyping board. Students are responsible for the DE2 board assigned to their group. Assessment Designs Grades are as follows: A Superior/Excellent, % B Good/Better than Average, 80 89% C Competent/Average, 70 79% D Minimum Passing, 60 69% F Failing (20 %) Exam (mid-term) (25 %) Design Experiences (25 %) Final (15 %) Assignments (15 %) Final Project Assignments and Examinations: Examinations: Examinations are intended to measure your individual mastery of the material. Exams concentrate on your understanding of the important concepts, rather than your ability to memorize details. All major examinations will be held in class with exact dates determined in class. The exams will generally test your knowledge of assignment material, so you are responsible for mastering all lab, homework, and programming material submitted with other partners, as if you did all the work by yourself. All exams will be open book and open notes (unless otherwise stated). The nature of the course material is such that the final exam must be cumulative. Assignments and Design Experiences: Programming assignments are meant to develop program design and implementation skills. These assignments will be given every one to two weeks and due in one to two weeks (10 assignments for the semester). Each student in a group is responsible for understanding the material to get full credit on assignments. Lecture: Lecture material (slides and notes) will be made available on the web prior to class. Lecture will also consist of chalk drawings, overhead drawings, and content not explicitly present in slides and notes. Attendance: Student attendance is taken each class, beginning the second week and attendance credit is assigned one homework assignment. 3

4 Course Policies: Policies regarding class attendance, turning in late work, missing homework, tests or exams, make-ups, requesting extensions, reporting illnesses, cheating and plagiarism, changes to the syllabus. Academic policies will be consistent with the University's polices at the College of Engineering and Applied Science's website: Extensions/make-ups: In general, late work will not be accepted. Turn in all work by the established deadline. In case you have difficulties finishing an assignment contact the instructor before the deadline. Late work can be accepted only under circumstances beyond student's control and after arrangement with the Instructor, prior to the deadline. Note: work turned-in on time is eligible for partial credit. It will always be better to turn work in by the deadline, as trying to ``perfect'' it and turn it in late will give you no points at all. You have to follow the submission and media policies and guidelines published on the web. Plagiarism is the passing of someone else's work as one's own, without giving the original author due credit. Scholastic dishonesty will be treated very strictly as per University of Colorado rules. Students with disabilities requiring accommodations, please contact the Office of Disability Resources & Services located in NC #2514 phone , TTY The staff will assist you in both determining reasonable accommodations as well as coordinating these accommodations. Students called for military duty-if you are a student in the military with the potential of being called to military service and /or training during the course of the semester, you are encouraged to contact your school/college. Course Resources: NC2408 and NC2609 each contain 15 working Core2-Duo computer stations. Each station has been loaded with Quartus II development software version 9.0. Students are invited to download the web edition software to their home computer or laptop: Unfortunately, no outside university support will be offered to install the software on the student s home system. The software has particular platform requirements. There are 30 Altera DE2 development boards available for the course. Students are expected to responsibly treat the development boards and station. On-line material for the Altera DE2 development platform and architecture: DE2 Basic Computer System User Manual There are 4 free on-line reference handbooks: Nios II Processor Reference Handbook (Nios PRH) Nios II Software Developer s Handbook (Nios SDH) Embedded Peripherals (EP) Embedded Design Handbook (EDH) All are available at: The material from these handbooks will be assigned on a per-chapter basis, allowing students to download and print specific concepts. The handbook acronyms (Nios PRH, Nios SDH, EP, and EDH) will be used to assign reading assignments. 4

5 Tentative Course Schedule Week Concepts 1 Introduction to embedded processor design and architecture. C Programming Review Development Tools: GCC toolset, Quartus II IDE. Nios II Architecture: instruction set, assembly language, assembler. Program development in C with assembly. 2 Memory-Mapped Input/Output Polling Devices UART (Serial Interface) Nios II Assembly case studies (sorting, matrix multiply) 3 Polling, interrupts (interrupt service routines), Subroutine calling/parameter passing 4 Timers, design timing-constraints and requirements. Real-time processing. 5 Video system design (VGA- Video Graphics Array) 6 Interfacing: microcontroller bus timing analysis, multiplexed bus expansion, general-purpose I/O and printer interface, buffered I/O handling, interrupt handling, real-time interrupt (RTI).. 7 System performance and optimization. 8 Exam (checkpoint) 9 Memory-system design: SRAM, SDRAM, Flash 10 Audio sampling, quantization, Analog-to-Digital Conversion, Digitalto-Analog Conversion. 11 Peripherals: analog-to-digital converter (ATD), serial communications interface (SCI), serial peripheral interface (SPI), pulse width modulation (PWM), timer module (TIM). 12 Performance analysis: cache performance, pipelining. 13 External interfaces, embedded system design considerations 14 Project development. 15 Course summary and final assessment. 5

6 Tentative Lab Topics Lab Topics 1 Tutorial on design entry. Altera Quartus II design environment. 2 Basic SOPC computer. Polling, LEDs, switches, on-chip memory, PIO (parallel input/output), Segment displays. Altera NIOS design environment. 3 Serial Interface Controller.Polling System, UARTs, JTAG debugger. Board to MatLab serial communication. 4 Displays. VGA (Video Graphics Array), LCD. Altera Monitor Program. 5 Interrupts: Timers, PIO controllers 6 Memory systems: SRAM, SDRAM 7 Processor Performance Evaluation: Cache memory 8 ADC/DAC (Audio-to-Digital, Digital-to-Audio) implementation 9 Real-time control lab 6