Outline. Advances in 1xEVDO and Wireless Broadband Access Networks

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Evolution Technology Trends and Drivers What

BSR for 3G Flat IP-networks Lucent s Vision

1 Advances in 1xEVDO and Wireless Broadband Access Networks Hamdi Breik Lucent Technologies, MEA Lucent Technologies Proprietary - Use pursuant to company instruction Outline Wireless Standards Overview and Systems Evolution Technology Trends and Drivers What is Next for CDMA 1xEV-DO? BSR for 3G Flat IP-networks Lucent s Vision on Converged Networks based on IMS Conclusion ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 2 1

Wireless Standards Overview and System Evolution ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 3 Cellular Standards Technology Evolutions 2G Initial 3G Evolved 3G Future Evolution

2 Wireless Standards Overview and System Evolution ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 3 Cellular Standards Technology Evolutions 2G Initial 3G Evolved 3G Future Evolution IS-2000 Rev A IS-2000 Rev C (1xEV-DV) IS-2000 * Rev D (1xEV-DV) 1989 IS-95A 1997 IS-95B Standards Completion Dates (or expected completion dates) shown in RED 1998 IS-2000 (cdma2000 1x) R 99 (UMTS) IS-856 Rev 0 (1xEV-DO) Rel 5 (HSDPA) IS-856 Rev A (1xEV-DO) IS-1006 (BCMCS) Rel 6 (E-DCH, MBMS) IS-856 Rev B (1xEV-DO) IS-1006-A (EBCMCS) Rel 7 (Enhanced HSDPA) IS-856 Rev C (1xEV-DO) Rel 8 HSPA+? LTE? GSM Rel 97 (GPRS) Rel 98 (AMR) R 99 (EDGE) ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 4 Rel 6 Rel 7 (GERAN Enhancements) UMTS & CDMA Continue to Evolve to Meet Operator Needs 2

3 Worldwide 3G Deployments Spread Spectrum is the Basis of all 3G Solutions CDMA2000 is the dominant platform for IMT-2000 : Today, 149 operators have launched 146 CDMA2000 1X and 31 1xEV-DO commercial networks supporting >275 M subs (Mar 06) across Asia, the Americas and Europe. 29 additional CDMA2000 1X and 40 1xEV-DO networks are scheduled to be deployed in the next year, as of February 16, 2006 More than 982 devices are available in the market with color displays, cameras and GPS capabilities, as of February 16, UMTS/WCDMA 95 operators in 43 countries operate UMTS networks supporting >75 M subs (~20 M in Japan) 22 Operators in 16 Countries are conducting HSDPA Trials (Oct 05) The UMTS Forum web site lists: 14 Manufacturers offering UMTS devices: With over 150 Models from PC Card to Handsets Commercial HSDPA handsets not expected before 2006 PCMCIA or Data Only Devices expected 4Q05 Sources: ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary as of Feb, Wireless Technologies Beyond 3G : the mobility challenge mobility/ range High High speed speed Vehicle Vehicle Walk Walk Vehicular Vehicular Rural Rural Vehicular Vehicular Urban Urban GSM Pedestrian Pedestrian GPRS Nomadic Nomadic EDGE 3G: UMTS, EV- DOrA Beyond 3G 3GPP LTE 3GPP2 Rev.C IEEE HSDPA, DOrB e Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Urban Urban Indoor Indoor Personal Personal Area Area DECT Bluetooth WLAN a,d user data rate Mbps ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 6 3

4 Technology Trends and Drivers ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 7 Wireless Broadband.Society needs Last mile solutions: A tool for economic and social developments (WTDC, 1994) Residential access: Anytime and Anywhere Business Access: ability to conduct professional and personal business anytime and anywhere through Universal High Speed Mobile Data Access to increase quality of life Low cost and mass internet Fast complement to/or replacement of copper network Increase productivity (corporations and government): Optimization of resources and customer service Rural reach: Increase teledensity in sub-urban and rural areas ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 8 4

5 Wireless Technology Innovations - Research Drivers Today Radio Technology Higher data performance, throughput/data rates Lower latency Lower cost per MB System Architecture Less complex architecture, flat like IP Easy-to-deploy Unified network elements Converged networks..ims Services & Applications VoIP over wireless Multimedia broadcast/multicast Truely converged services, mobile-tv Related Innovations OFDM OFDM MIMO MIMO + + SDMA SDMA BSR BSR distributed distributed RF RF more more compact compact HW HW miviewtv, miviewtv, Mobile Mobile TV TV ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 9 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) and System Architecture Evolution (SAE) 3GPP Standards study item since Dec 2004, Feasibility Study to be completed mid 2006, Standardization as a Rel 8 or later feature LTE is a 3GPP initiative to develop a new RAN/air-interface to Support high efficiency OFDMA carriers with scalable bandwidths of MHz Provide significantly improved peak and cell edge data throughputs: Towards 100 Mb/s Downlink, 50 Mb/s Uplink, 2-4 times better spectral efficiency over HSDPA/HSUPA (in bits/s/hz/cell) Support smaller frame durations in order to achieve reduced latencies less than 10 ms Support for advanced antenna schemes (e.g. SDMA) and MIMO Support for wide range of QoS and Mobility SAE is a 3GPP initiative to develop a new flat(ter) network architecture (..2008) Simpler system (than UMTS), purely packet-oriented Reduced number/type of nodes for lower transport delay.bsr is a major step towards flat IP Scalability to support the high data rates required for LTE New New OFDM OFDM Technology Goal of 3GPP LTE/SAE is to Define a New RAN/Air-Interface to Better Deliver Broadband and Real Time Packet Switched Services over a New Flat(ter) Network Architecture ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 10 5

6 3GPP2: DO Rev.C Update Proposal recently introduced to 3GPP2 jointly by Lucent, Nortel, Samsung (LNS) Hybrid OFDMA and CDMA Wideband (up to 20 MHz) Radio Interface Strictly Backwards Compatible Mode Based on 1.25 MHz multi-carrier Hybrid Provides full backwards compatibility with Rev. 0/A/B OFDM / WCDMA Loosely Backwards Compatible Mode New MHz OFDMA/CDMA carriers (can do a mix of broadband and multi-carrier) Technology TDD, FDD and Flex FDD duplexing Multi-Antenna Technology Support Spatial Division Multiple Access (SDMA) provides near doubling of spectral efficiency with 4-branch Tx/Rx Spatial Multiplexing MIMO on the FL for hot spots/indoor deployment provides peak rate improvement proportional to the number of Tx/Rx antennas. Inter-cell co-ordination for further improvements in cell-edge user performance Standardized technology-agnostic Flat IP architecture (Pre-standardization support from Lucent) Target Standards Completion March 2007 Rev. C Integrates the Best Technical Innovations from OFDMA & CDMA to Enable Mass-Market Real-time Broadband Data Services ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 11 Comparative Spectral Efficiency (here: Mobility Channel, Downlink ) 2.5 preliminary simulation results Spectral Efficiency (b/s/hz) x2, 1x4 = Mobile Receive Diversity Rev.A 1x2 1x2 1x2 1x2 MIMO 4x4 1x4 1x2 0.0 HSDPA Rev.0 UMTS 1xEV-DO e (Reuse 1/1) e (Reuse 1/3) e (Reuse 3/9) Evolved OFDM (802.20, LTE,DOrC) DL Spectral Efficiencies Possible with HSDPA, DO and e, are All Similar Will increase with evolved OFDM ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 12 1x2 6

7 Wireless Systems Latency Comparison Low latency will enable wireless systems carry delay-sensitive Applications such as voice, interactive gaming, TV video ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 13 IEEE Standards Update c (2002) Amendment WiMAX System Profiles GHz (Dec 2001) a (Jan 2003) Existing OFDM OFDM Technology Original fixed wireless broadband air Interface for GHz Line-of-sight only, Point-to-Multi-Point applications Extension for 2-11 GHz Targeted for non line of sight, Point-to-Multi- Point applications like last mile broadband access REVd ( ) (Q3 2004) e ( ) (Q4 2005) Revision PAR for & a to add WiMAX System Profiles and Errata for 2-11 GHz in support of e requirements Amendment for Mobile wireless broadband up to vehicular speeds in licensed bands < 6 GHz MAC/PHY Enhancements to support subscribers moving at vehicular speeds ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 14 7

802.16 802.11 802.11 High Speed Wireless Data Scenario Peak Data Rates 153k 2 Mbps 11 Mbps 802.

Unlicensed Spectrum - Expensive to Backhaul + Access Device Built into Endpoint CDMA2000 1X Mobile Professionals HSDPA / UMTS 3G

Integrates With Existing Network + UMTS / CDMA2000 + Roaming Agreements + Bundled with Voice + Unified Billing Fixed Hot Spot 300

Mobility & Wide Area Coverage ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 15 HSDe Integrates Complementary

8 High Speed Wireless Data Scenario Peak Data Rates 153k 2 Mbps 11 Mbps Networks + High Bandwidth (<70Mbps) + Good In building Coverage - No Mobility + Last Mile Access - Unlicensed Spectrum - Limited Access Devices CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Networks + High Bandwidth (<11Mbps) + Good In building Coverage - No Mobility/Limited Range - Hot Spot/Enterprise/Campus - Unlicensed Spectrum - Expensive to Backhaul + Access Device Built into Endpoint CDMA2000 1X Mobile Professionals HSDPA / UMTS 3G Public Networks - Moderate Bandwidth (<2Mbps) + Ubiquitous Outdoor Coverage - Poor In Building Coverage + Global Networks + Integrates With Existing Network + UMTS / CDMA Roaming Agreements + Bundled with Voice + Unified Billing Fixed Hot Spot 300 ft Enterprise / Campus City Center Coverage Urban Network Nationwide Global Last Mile Enterprise/Hot Spots True Portability Mobility & Wide Area Coverage ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 15 HSDe Integrates Complementary Services for Ubiquitous Secure, Coverage BTS & Server Public b b Hotspot Enterprise b 1xEV-DO With b CDMA2000 1x Hotspot Voice & PD CDMA2000 1x Voice & PD Mobile IP Client ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 IPSec Lucent Client Technologies - Proprietary HSDe 16 8

9 Can WiMAX Supplant 3G? + +!""#!!"!""#!!" $% % &!'!"!()(!!" $% % &!'!"!()(!!" 2'!"!()(!"(00!"% " 2'!"!()(!"(00!"% " % "!)0!!" % "!)0!!" *""+, )-./! *""+, )-./! 0'!-.-!"0" 0'!-.-!"0" $!1)-./ $!1)-./ 3(!" 3(!" 4560" 0" 4560" 0" $(00!") $(00!") /-! /-! )% "'") )% "'") &!)!!!"!")0) &!)!!!"!")0) -!(.-0("% 0. -!(.-0("% 0. 00) 00) 7% 0/8$,92 7% 0/8$,92 Source: Pyramid Research ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 17 Summary: Evolution of Wireless Technologies Initial 3G systems (EDGE, R 99 UMTS, 3G1x) focused on voice, yielding modest data performance benefits Evolved 3G or 3G+ systems (HSDPA/E-DCH, 1xEV-DO/DV) provided significant data performance benefits HSDPA, 1xEV-DO and downlink have similar spectral efficiency performance For MIMO systems: SM/BLAST offers the best peak data rates, SDMA offers the best spectral efficiency. We see Strong potential of OFDM influencing where WiMAX goes Time-to-market advantage of 3G will make WiFi / WiMAX complementary for coverage complement / backhaul applications the potential of mobile WiMAX hinges on the success of existing 3G technologies We anticipate Mobile broadband Access will be cellular based ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 18 9

10 What is Next for CDMA 1xEV-DO? ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 19 Key Performance Data of 1xEV-DO Rev. A Increased Peak data rates 3.1 Mbps (2.4 Mps with Rev 0) FL Peak Mbps Individual User Experience Mbps AAT depending on Mobility per sector 1.8 Mbps (~153 kbps with Rev 0) RL Peak data rate kbps Individual User Experience ~ 400kbps AAT (~240 kb/s with Rev 0) per sector Increased RL capacity (3GPP2 methodology) Utilize HARQ to increase RL capacity Improved Latency ~118 ms (~200+ ms Mobile to Mobile) DL UL ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 20 10

1xEV-DO Rev A Benefits Improved support for realtime packet applications, including VoIP, Gaming, Push-to-Speak Improved Forward Link Larger payloads drive data rates to 3.

11 1xEV-DO Rev A Benefits Improved support for realtime packet applications, including VoIP, Gaming, Push-to-Speak Improved Forward Link Larger payloads drive data rates to 3.1Mbps Improved MAC Packet Division Multiplexing improves performance in good channel conditions New Channel enabling Increased Forward Throughput Improved Reverse Link Can leverage advanced all-ip architectures to further improve performance and deployment flexibility Up to 1.8 Mbps data rate Throughput and latency gains with hybrid ARQ Improved MAC Layers on RL QoS Inter-User Priority by User Intra-User Priority by Application Requirements for VoIP/PTT applications Enhanced capabilities to enable service flexibility and new revenue generating features Broadcast/ Multicast (BC-MCS) Multimedia content to multiple users Higher Data Rates than Rev 0 ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June Lucent Technologies - Proprietary Network Upgrades for 1xEV-DO Rev. A New Mobiles New Device (with MSM6800) Base Station New EVM (with CSM6800) Novatel 720 Sierra 595 Levono Thinkpad New software release Radio Network Controller New software release Can reuse R1SR-based RNC PDSN New software release Can reuse existing PDSN ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 22 11

12 1xEV-DO Rev A Architecture EV-DO Access Network 1X&DO BTS T1/E1 T1/E1 Watchmark T1/E1 T1/E1 T1/E1 Mux Channelized DS3 OA&M Network RCS AP & OA&M Proxy OMP FX/ OMC-RAN Aggregation Router HLR ECP SMSC L2 Switch GigE (PCF) AAA DO RNC PDSN Content Services Applications Data ENTERPRISE Firewall & VPN Gateway IP Network Video Voice 1X Access Network DCS ATM SHO PCF 1X RNC cpsb 1X RNC-AP Wireless Network ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary Upgrade New 23 DNS IP Network DHCP What is Next for EV-DO? EV-DO Rev B and Interference Cancellation techniques EV-DO Rev B Designed for wider frequency blocks (up to 20 MHz)* Aggregates up to fifteen 1.25 MHz carriers (2x,, 15x) Peak rates increase linearly with bandwidth o For 3xEV-DO Peak Rates: FL = 9.3 Mbps, RL = 5.4 Mbps o15xev-do Peak Rates: FL = 46.5 Mbps, RL = 27 Mbps Operates in Other Freq Bands (2 3.5 GHz) Higher peak rates (73.5 Mbps in 20 MHz) Higher spectral efficiency Advanced Interference Cancellation techniques increase RL spectral efficiency * Note: Concept can be applied to bandwidths wider than 20 MHz as well ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 24 12

13 BSR for 3G Flat IP-networks ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 25 The BSR Idea PSTN Internet PSTN Internet Gateways MSC GGSN BSR Gateway Controllers PSTN Internet More Controllers Aggregation BTS DSLAM AP 3GPP IEEE/IETF High performance, high cost 3G dedicated mobility, RRM distributed across several network boxes Closed architecture with slow innovation through standards Can limit innovation as the world moves more quickly The BSR combines the best of both worlds! Low-latency micro mobility Pico through macro deployments High-speed data oriented BSR BSR BSR Unlicensed spectrum has lower performance, lower cost Control localized at access point Open architecture with fast technology shifts towards new applications Future proof Unified RRM Brings in the access points concept, but uses UMTS Lucent s BSR Solution Simplifies System Architecture for Today s and Future Wireless Technologies ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 26 13

14 Base Station Router Concept: Collapse the 3G Network to one single access node Existing Hierarchical Network Base Station Routers HSDPA/UMTS OneBTS ATM IP 3G- RNC circuit voice MSC PSTN BSR ATM IP HSDPA/UMTS OneBTS SGSN packet data GGSN IP BSR BSR BSR combines traditional network elements NodeB, RNC, SGSN and GGSN End-to-End QoS support Enhanced VoIP support (header compression, etc.) Reduced latency Improved mobility management for data applications (shared packet data channels) Improved scheduling Interworking at IP level, simple Lucent s BSR Solution Collapses the 3G Network (NodeB, RNC, SGSN, GGSN) to One Single Access Node ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 27 Internet The BSR The BSR lowers CAPEX/OPEX and lowers CAPEX/OPEX and reduces latency reduces latency by combining by combining network elements: BTS network elements: BTS RNC, SGSN and GGSN RNC, SGSN and GGSN The BSR The BSR will initially be developed will initially be developed for UMTS/HSDPA, for UMTS/HSDPA, but can be developed but can be developed for other technologies for other technologies BSR dramatically improves Scalability Traditional UMTS VS Alternative UMTS (BSR) BTS RNC Impact BSR Gateway ATM ATM IP GGSN Internet Impact IP Intranet IMS Internet New BTS SGSN New BSR Adding a new BTS requires RNC configuration changes and potentially a new RNC. This would lead to SGSN configuration changes/upgrade Adding a new BSRs has limited impact to other nodes due to removal of network hierarchy ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 28 14

15 BSR: BSR Configuration Micro BSR: Limited scale hot-spot deployment, e.g. business parks, shopping malls, airports Low cost wide area coverage (city centres) Support either interal or external antenna Indoor /Outdoor Pole or Wall mounted Dimensions: (550x 580 x 223 mm) (H, W, D) Total volume: Approx. 70 litters Weight: Approx <37 kg Pico BSR: For enterprise and Residential Integrated antenna HSDPA support, EUDCH upgradeable; HW can support EV/DO Rev.A for CDMA Support IPv4 and IPv6, VDSL and Ethernet interfaces Dimensions: 332mm x 214mm x 91mm Total volume: Approx. 6.5 L Weight: Approx. 4Kg ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 29 Lucent Flat-IP Mobile Architecture Solution Key Value Proposition Lower cost wireless network leverages fewer wireless-specific elements (CapEx reduction). reduce CapEx spend by approximately 30% compared to a traditional UMTS network consolidates many functions into BSR (BTS, RNC, SGSN & GGSN) Investment protection through increasing use of IP protocols and technologies that makes it future proof for IMS network Higher capacity wireless network high capacity backhaul Leverages low cost of ethernet switching air interface performance enhancements (UMTS/HSDPA & HSUPA) Architecture simplicity and operations savings consistent architecture for macro/micro/wimax/wifi access fewer wireless-specific elements & interfaces to deploy, manage Converged services enabling limits extent of wireless specific infrastructure to access promotes consistency of multiple wireless & wireline access types, and convergence via access-agnostic IMS services Lucent s innovative flat BSR-based Access Architecture has the potential to host today s and future heterogeneous, converged wireline/wireless solutions, including simplified support for multimedia multicast solutions ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 30 15

16 Lucent s Vision on Converged Networks based on IMS ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 31 Fixed Mobile Converged Network Multi-Access-Independent, Services-Enabled Network Wired Access (xdsl) Wired Access (Cable) Wired Access (xpon) IMS Call Session Control MBWA Application Servers WiMAX Mobile Access 2G (GSM/EDGE) Mobile Access 3G (UMTS/HSPA/MBMS) WLAN Mobile Access UMTS/LTE Existing Access Technologies Technologies in Evolution Fixed Mobile Converged Network Based on IMS Service-Enabling Core and Multi-Standards Access ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 32 16

Future Converged Access Solution: Overview UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA & CDMA Wireless Access Outdoor BSR Wireless Access O-BSR In-Building BSR Wireless Access (Enterprise/Hotspots) E-BSR H-BSR xdsl/ Eth/ xpon

Multiservices Core MGW Ethernet/ Optical Access Lucent MAP xdsl Internet BSG HA HSS PSTN BSR Home Wireless Access/ Inbuilding WiFiWireless Broadband xpon Broadband xdsl Broadband WiMax ITU

17 Future Converged Access Solution: Overview UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA & CDMA Wireless Access Outdoor BSR Wireless Access O-BSR In-Building BSR Wireless Access (Enterprise/Hotspots) E-BSR H-BSR xdsl/ Eth/ xpon xdsl /Eth /xpon xdsl Ether xpon WiFi AP TDM/ATM Transport Access Ethernet/ Optical Transport Access Lucent MAP xpon Network Operator Central Office MRFP MRFC MSC Server BGCF CSCF MGCF IMS IP/MPLS/ Multiservices Core MGW Ethernet/ Optical Access Lucent MAP xdsl Internet BSG HA HSS PSTN BSR Home Wireless Access/ Inbuilding WiFiWireless Broadband xpon Broadband xdsl Broadband WiMax ITU Residential BDT, Algiers, Gateway 20 June 2006 Access (Enterprise) Lucent Technologies Access - Proprietary Access Access 33 IMS: Next Generation Network Model Industry Standard Services Architecture Converged Applications Layer Session Control and Centralized DB Layer Media Control & Media Gateway Layer Broadband Residential Access Application Servers 802.Xx Access Web Portal Application Servers Session Control Enterprise Access Circuit Mobile Application Servers Centralized Databases Media Control & Gateways 2G/3G Mobile Network PSTN What is the IP Multi-media Subsystem (IMS)? Industry Standard 3G Partnership Project(s) Standard Interfaces Within and Between Layers Session Control Access to any applications from any access network / device for any media type Centralized Database Single User sign-on and shared profile for all applications IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) is the blueprint for delivering Value over IP ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 34 17

18 Conclusion Driving Wireless Innovations: still more demand for wireless date rate and bandwidth flat IP-based system architecture enabling truely converged services, such as multimedia/multicast or mobile-tv Wireless Standards will evolve in parallel and slowly converge in technology 3GPP (UMTS, HSPA+, LTE) 3GPP2 (EV-DO Rev.C) IEEE (802.16/WiMAX, ) ITU BDT, Algiers, 20 June 2006 Lucent Technologies - Proprietary 35 Thank You 18

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