Introduction to HP-UX Operating System

Transcription

1 Welcome

2 Introduction to HP-UX Operating System

3 HP-UX (Hewlett Packard UniX) is Hewlett-Packard's proprietary implementation of the UNIX operating system, It runs on the HP PA-RISC and Integrity ( Itanium ) systems.

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5 HP-UX Processer Road Map

6 The PA-RISC Processor Family: Since 1986, HP has been building HP-UX systems based on proprietary Precision Architecture RISC (PA-RISC) technology. PA-RISC uses Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) principles to provide high performance, and high reliability. The early PA7000 series of chips were built on a 32-bit architecture, while the newer PA8000 series chips are built on a 64-bit architecture. The Itanium Processor Family The Itanium processor chip was developed by HP/Intel Partnership. The Itanium 2 architecture uses a variety of technique to Increase parallelism. A key to the high performance of Itanium chips is the Design philosophy at the heart of theitanium processor family, Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC).

7 HP-UX Operating System: Release Name HP-UX 11.0 HP-UX 11i v1 HP-UX 11i v2 HP-UX 11i v3 Operating System Release Identifier B B B B.11.31

8 Operating environments: HP sells HP-UX Operating system as Operating Environments (OEs). OEs are operating system plus application bundles designed to simplify installation and maintenance

9 Operating Environments v3: Base OE (BOE) Virtual Server OE (VSE-OE) High Availability OE (HA-OE) Data Center OE (DC-OE)

10 Base OE: The Base OE offers complete HP-UX functionality including security, networking, Web functionality, and system and software management applications.

11 Virtual Server OE: The VSE-OE is designed for customers seeking higher resource utilization or who are embarking on consolidation projects and need virtualization for a flexible UNIX environment.

12 High Availability OE: For customers requiring continuous access and high availability of service to data and applications, the HA-OE delivers this with HP MC-Serviceguard

13 Data Center OE: The Data Center OE delivers built-in business-critical virtualization, featuring HP Serviceguard failover clusters. DC-OE delivers the superset of HP-UX 11i v3 software included in the other OEs.

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16 HP Integrity Servers

17 HP Integrity Superdome (High end server)

18 HP Integrity rx8620 (Mid range server)

19 HP Integrity rx7620 (Mid range server)

20 HP Integrity (Entry level server)

21 HP-UX File Hierarchy

22 Introducing HP-UX File System:

23 System Directories

24 Application Directories

25 System Directories /usr /sbin /opt Operating System commands, Documentations, libraries. Minimum command to need to boot and mount the file system. Third Party Application /var Variable Data ( Such as logs & spooler files )

26 /dev Device Files /etc System configuration Files /mnt Temporary Mounts /tmp Operating System temp. files /stand Kernal and boot Loader /home User Directories

27 /usr - Directory /usr/bin System user commands /usr/conf Kernal configuration /usr/lbin Back-ends to other commands /usr/sbin System administration commands /usr/share/man Man Pages /usr/share/doc Release Notes

28 /var - Directory /var/adm /var/adm/crash /var/mail /var/spool /var/opt /var/tmp Administrative files & log files Kernal crash Dumps Incoming Mail Spooler Files Application-specific runtime files Temporary files generated by commands in the /usr

29 /var/adm - Directory /var/adm/cron/ Log files maintained by Cron. /var/adm/sw/ Log files by Software Distributer /var/adm/syslog/ Contains system log files /var/adm/sulog Switch user log information file /var/adm/wtmp contains history of successful login used by last command /var/adm/btmp contains history of all bad logins used by lastb command

30 Creating and Managing User Accounts

31 Managing User and Group

32 Creating user account with SAM

33 Removing user account with SAM

34 Managing User And Group From Command Line

35 Managing Password from command line

36 /etc/passwd file

37 /etc/shadow file

38 /etc/group file

39 Customizing user accounts

40 Why to customize user account Set the user terminal type Customize the user prompt Customize the user s PATH variable Special script to executed when login

41 Sample Customization

42 ASCII logins

43 The first is a system-wide script maintained by the system administrator to define general environment variables required by all users. The second is a local login script maintained by each user. Local login scripts can override or modify the system defaults on a user-by-user basis. The optional additional local login script can define additional environment variables or setadditional shell features.

44 CDE Logins

45 The /usr/dt/bin/dtlogin program is responsible for displaying the CDE login screen and validating user names and passwords. The color and appearance of the dtlogin screen may be customized by copying /usr/dt/config/xconfig to /etc/dt/config/xconfig, and manually editing the file. The /usr/dt/config/xstartup program sets initial values for the DISPLAY, HOME, PATH, USER, SHELL, and TZ variables. This is a system-wide script that executes anytime any user logs in via CDE. The final script that executes by default at CDE login is the user's personal ~/.dtprofile. This script contains little but comments by default, but the user may define additional environment variables in this script if desired.

46 /etc/skel Directory

47 When a new user account is created with SAM or useradd, default configuration files are copied from the /etc/skel directory to the new user's home. Several files are included in /etc/skel by default: /etc/skel/.profile# ksh/posix local login script /etc/skel/.login # csh local login script /etc/skel/.cshrc # csh additional login script /etc/skel/.exrc # vi startup configuration file Additional files can be copied into /etc/skel as well, if your applications require configuration files in users' home directories.

48 Overview of SMH

49 Why Use SMH?

50 Connecting Peripherals

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52 Hardware component overview

53 CPU, Memory, & Cell boards

54 SBAs, LBAs, and PCI Expansion Buses

55 Device Adapter Cards

56 Core I/0 Cards

57 Node Partitions (npars)

58 Virtual Partitions (vpars)

59 System to I/O Relationships

60 System to I/O Relationships