INSTALLING UBUNTU OS

Transcription

1 INSTALLING UBUNTU OS EX NO: DATE: AIM: INSTALLATION PROCEDURE: Reinsert or leave the CD in your CD/DVD-ROM device and reboot the computer in order to boot from the CD. Hit the F8, F11 or F12 key (depending on your BIOS) to select the CD/DVD-ROM as the boot device. Wait for the CD to load... In a couple of minutes you will see the wallpaper and the installation wizard. Select your language and click the "Install Ubuntu" button to continue...

2 Preparing to install Ubuntu Make sure you have all the listed requirements. Optionally, you can choose to download updates while installing and/or install third party software, such as MP3 support. Be aware, though, that if you select those options, the entire installation process will be longer!

3 Allocate drive space At this screen you have three options: 1. Install alongside other operating systems - Choose this option ONLY if you have another OS (e.g. Windows XP) and you want a dual boot system. Editor's Note: Remember that, after the installation, the Windows boot loader will be overwritten by the Ubuntu boot loader! 2. Erase and use the entire disk Choose this option if you want to delete your existing operating system, or the hard drive is already empty and you want to let the installer automatically partition the hard drive for you. This is the option recommended for all users, especially those who want a machine with a single operating system on it. 3. Specify partitions manually (advanced) - This option is recommended ONLY for advanced users, to create special partitions or format the hard drive with other filesystems than the default one. But it can also be used to create a /home partition, which is very useful in case you reinstall the whole system. Here's how you do a manual partitioning with /home:

4 - Select the "Specify partitions manually (advanced) and click the "Forward" button; - Make sure that the selected hard drive is the right one. /dev/sda is the first physical hard drive. /dev/sdb is the second hard drive in your machine. So, make sure that you know which is the one you want to format! Otherwise, you will lose ALL YOUR DATA on that harddrive; - Let's say that the selected drive is empty (no other operating system or important data on it), but it has some partitions on it. Select each one of those partitions and click the "Delete" button. After a few seconds, it will say "free space." Do this with the other partitions from the selected hard drive, until they're all deleted and you have a single "free space"entry; - With the "free space" entry selected, click on the "Add" button. In the new window, type 2048 in the "New partition size in megabytes" field and select the "swap area" option from the "Use as:" drop down list. Click the OK button and, in a few seconds, you'll notice a "swap" line with the specified size; - With the "free space" entry selected, click on the "Add" button. In the new window, select the "Primary" option, type a value between 10,000 and 50,000 in the "New partition size in megabytes" field and select / as the "Mount point." Click the OK button and, in a few seconds, you'll notice an "ext4 /" line with the specified size; - With the "free space" line selected, click on the "Add" button. In the new window, select the "Primary" option, type a value between 30,000 and 50,000 (or whatever space you have left on the drive) in the "New partition size in megabytes" field and select /home as the "Mount point." Click the OK button and, in a few seconds, you'll notice an "ext4 /home" line with the specified size.

5 This is how your partition table should look like... WARNING: Be aware that all the data on the selected hard drive or partition will be ERASED and IRRECOVERABLE. Click the "Install Now" button to continue with the installation...

6 Editor's note: At this point the hard drive will be erase and partitioned, the CD data will be copied to the hard drive, and you can relax and continue to input the following required information. Where are you? This screen will feature a map of the Earth. Upon the selection of your current location, the time for the final system will adjust accordingly. You can try to guess you exact location with the mouse on the map, or just type the town in the designated field. Click the "Forward" button after you have selected your desired location...

7 Keyboard layout On this screen, you will be able to choose a desired keyboard layout. But the default automatic selection should work for most of you. You can also click the "Figure Out Keyboard Layout" button for better recognition of your keyboard's layout. Click the "Forward" button when you have finished with the keyboard configuration... Who are you? On this screen, you must do exactly what the title says. Fill in the fields with your real name, the name of the computer (automatically generated, but can be overwritten), the name you want to use to log in on your Ubuntu OS (also known as the "username," which will be required to log in to the system), and the password. Also at this step, there's an option called "Log in automatically." If you check it, you will automatically be logged in to the Ubuntu desktop. Other option, called "Encrypt my home folder," will encrypt your Ubuntu installation. Click the "Forward" button to continue...

8 t this point the Ubuntu (Maverick Meerkat) operating system will be installed... After approximately 10 to 15 minutes (depending on your computer's specs), a pop-up window will appear, notifying you that the installation is complete, and you'll need to restart the computer in order to use the newly installed Ubuntu operating system. Click the "Restart Now" button...

9 The CD will be ejected; remove it and press the "Enter" key to reboot. The computer will be restarted and, in a few seconds, you will see the Ubuntu boot splash... At the login screen, click on your username and input your password. Click the "Log In" button or hit Enter to log in...

10 That it! Have fun using Ubuntu

11 RESULT:

12 INTALL APACHE, PHP, MYSQL ON LINUX EX NO: DATE: AIM: INSTALLATION PROCEDURE: 1. Open your terminal and login as root with this command su 2. Update your repositories list: apt-get update 3. Install Apache: apt-get install apache2 apache2.2-common apache2-doc apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-utils 4. Install PHP: apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-common php5-gd php5-mysql php5-imap php5-cli php5cgi php-pear php-auth 5. Install MySQL: apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client here you will be ask to input root password for the mysql 6. Now your server is ready. Before you test please make sure to restart the server: /etc/init.d/mysql restart /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

13 7. Open document root in /var/www, make a file called it with info.php and fill this: <?php phpinfo();?> then save the file. 8. Test the server with the browser and type address If you have the same screenshot as follow than you have the web server on your machine: RESULT:

14 INTALL APACHE, PHP, MYSQL ON WINDOWS EX NO: DATE: AIM: INSTALLATION PROCEDURE: This tutorial will show you step-by-step how to install: Apache 2 PHP 5 MySQL 5 The Apache Server combined with the power of PHP, MySQL, and phpmyadmin, creates one of the best possible development environments for a web programmer. Getting everything properly configured can take minutes, so make sure you have enough time set aside before beginning the installation. Don't be intimidated by the length of this page. I'll walk you step-by-step through each part of the installaton. All you need is a basic understanding of HTML and computers, and if any part of the installation isn't clear to you, just send me an . Start the Installation: Installing Apache Installing PHP Installing MySQL Configuring PHP to work with MySQL Installing Apache: Today we will be installing Apache version Follow the steps carefully.

15 1. Go to and download "Win32 Binary (MSI Installer): apache_2.2.4win32-x86-no_ssl.msi" to your desktop. Note: Make sure that you download Apache version (Win32 Binary MSI Installer)! The rest of the tutorial is written using this version. 2. Double click "apache_2.2.4-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi", and if prompted, click "run". 3. An installation wizard will appear: Click "Next". 4. The next page contains the terms of agreement. Select "I accept", and click "Next". 5. Read about the Apache Server, and click "Next" 6. The next screen will ask you for specific server information. Enter the values seen below:

16 Click "Next". 7. On the next screen, select "Typical Installation" and click "Next". 8. Click "Next". 9. Click "Install". 10. Open up Internet Explorer and type in " If you see a page that says "It works!" then the Apache server has been installed successfully.

17 A few notes on your Apache Server Configuration: Apache is installed by default in your "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2" directory. Inside that directory there is a folder called "htdocs" (the equivilant of your \www\ or \public_html\ directory). You can develop your applications inside this folder and access them by going to The Apache Configuration settings are defined in a file named "httpd.conf" located in the "conf" directory. Do not attempt to change these settings unless you know what you're doing. An error in this file will result in the Apache Server not functioning correctly! Installing PHP: Next we will be installing PHP version 5. Follow the steps carefully. 1. Go to and download the "PHP zip package" to your desktop. (Be patient while it downloads, the ZIP file is over 9MB!) Note: Make sure that you download the PHP zip package! The rest of the tutorial is written using this version.

18 2. Create a new folder called "php" in your C Drive. Copy the "php win32.zip" file to there ("C:\php") and extract it using WinZIP or a similiar program. 3. Your "C:\php" directory should now look like: 4. Next copy the "php.ini-dist" file from "C:/php/" to "C:/WINDOWS" and rename it to "php.ini". This is your PHP configuration file. We'll come back to this later. 5. Now it's time to tell Apache that PHP exists. Open up your Apache configuration file ("C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\conf\httpd.conf") in notepad and add these four lines to the bottom of the "LoadModule" section: LoadModule php5_module "c:/php/php5apache2_2.dll" AddHandler application/x-httpd-php.php # configure the path to php.ini PHPIniDir "c:/windows"

19 6. In your "htdocs" directory, create a file called "info.php". Open it in notepad and add this line of code to it: <?php phpinfo();?> 7. Restart your Apache Server for the changes to take effect: Start > All Programs > Apache HTTP Server > Control Apache Server > Restart 8. Open up Internet Explorer and type in: If your browser takes you to a page that looks like this, then PHP has been installed successfully! Modifying your PHP Configuration File: Your PHP configuration (php.ini) file is located in "C:/WINDOWS/php.ini". You can modify it with notepad or a similiar text editor. Open it up and find the line that says: extension_dir = "./" and change it to

20 extension_dir = "C:\php\ext" Find the line that says: ;session.save_path = "/tmp" and change it to session.save_path = "C:\WINDOWS\temp" Installing MYSQL: Next we will be installing MySQL version 5. Follow the steps carefully. 1. Go to and download the "Windows (x86) ZIP/Setup.EXE (version )" to your desktop. (To do this you'll need to register an account with MySQL.) 2. Once "mysql win32.zip" has finished downloading, you can extract it using WinZIP or a similiar program. 3. Once extracted, double click on the "Setup.exe" file. An installation wizard will appear. Click "Next".

21 4. Select "Typical" Installation and click "Next". 5. Click "Install". (Be patient, this can take up to several minutes). 6. The next screen will ask you to "Sign Up". Select "Skip Sign-Up" for now. 7. The next screen will tell you that the installation wizard is complete. Make sure that the "Configure the MySQL Server now" field is checked before clicking "Finish". 8. The MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard should appear. Click "Next". 9. Select "Detailed Configuration" and click "Next". 10. Select "Developer Machine" and click "Next". 11. Select "Multifunctional Database" and click "Next". 12. Click "Next". 13. Select "Decision Support (DSS)/OLAP" and click "Next". 14. Select "Multifunctional Database" and click "Next". 15. Make sure "Enable TCP/IP Networking" is checked, the Port Number is set to "3306", and "Enable Strict Mode" is checked. Click "Next".

22 16. Select "Standard Character Set" and click "Next". 17. Check "Install As Windows Service", set the Service Name to "MySQL", and check "Launch the MySQL Server automatically". Make sure that the "Include Bin Directory in Windows Path" is NOT checked. Click "Next". 18. On the next screen, check the box that says "Modify Security Settings". Enter a password for the default "root" account, and confirm the password in the box below. Do NOT check the boxes "Enable root access from remote machines" or "Create An Anonymous Account". Click "Next". 19. Click "Execute". (This may take a few minutes. Be patient). 20. Click "Finish". 21. To test if MySQL was installed correct, go to: Start > All Programs > MySQL > MySQL Server 5.0 > MySQL Command Line Client. The MySQL Command Line Client will appear: 22. It will ask you for a password. Enter the password you created in step 18. (If you enter an incorrect password MySQL will automatically close the command line) 23. Next, type in the commands shown below: (shown in blue)

23 If you don't get any errors, and it returns the information shown above, then MySQL has been successfully installed! Next we will need to configure PHP to work with MySQL. Configuring PHP to work with MySQL: Now that both PHP and MySQL are installed, we have to configure them to work together. 1. Open up your php.ini file (C:/WINDOWS/php.ini) and find the line: ;extension=php_mysql.dll To enable the MySQL extension, delete the semi-colon at the beginning of that line. 2. Next we must add the PHP directory to the Windows PATH. To do this, click: Start > My Computer > Properties > Advanced > Environment Variables. Under the second list (System Variables), there will be a variable called "Path". Select it and click "Edit". Add ";C:\php" to the very end of the string and click "OK". 3. Restart your computer for the changes to take effect. 4. Create a new file in your "htdocs" directory called "mysql_test.php". 5. Copy the following code into "mysql_test.php" and click save. (Make sure to replace the MYSQL_PASS constant with the MySQL Password you specified during the MySQL installation).

24 <?php # Define MySQL Settings define("mysql_host", "localhost"); define("mysql_user", "root"); define("mysql_pass", "password"); define("mysql_db", "test"); $conn = mysql_connect("".mysql_host."", "".MYSQL_USER."", "".MYSQL_PASS."") or die(mysql_error()); mysql_select_db("".mysql_db."",$conn) or die(mysql_error()); $sql = "SELECT * FROM test"; $res = mysql_query($sql); while ($field = mysql_fetch_array($res)) { $id = $field['id']; $name = $field['name']; echo 'ID: '. $field['id']. '<br />'; echo 'Name: '. $field['name']. '<br /><br />'; }?> 6. Open up Internet Explorer and type in " If the "mysql_test.php" page returns something similiar to: ID: 1 Name: John Then PHP & MySQL have been successfully configured to work together. Congratulations! RESULT:

25 LAMP SERVER INSTALLATION IN LINUX EX NO: DATE: AIM: INSTALLATION PROCEDURE: First, under Terminal type the command: $sudo tasksel you will get something like:

26 Now you have to shoose the LAMP line and SPACE key to select LAMP Server. After, you will asked to insert root mysql password After the procedure will start downloading and installing needed packages for LAMP

27 Of with this command : sudo apt-get install php5 mysql-server apache2 Or with : $ sudo tasksel install lamp-server Now lets check of its working. Check the apache2 from your browser : or hostname Now check if your Mysql is wokring with:

28 Check if php is working : $sudo vi /var/www/info.php and add 1.<?php 2.phpinfo(); 3.?> save and exit restart apache2 #/etc/init.d/apache2 restart and browse again RESULT:

29 EMPLOYEE SALARY SYSTEM USING PHP AND MYSQL EX NO: DATE: AIM: PROGRAM CODE: <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","") or die ("Unable to execute"); $sql="create database payroll"; $res=mysql_query($sql) or die ("Unable to execute"); echo"<b>database Created</b><br>"; mysql_selectdb('payroll'); $sql="create TABLE `employee` ( `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `designation` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `basic_salary` float NOT NULL, `merged_da` float NOT NULL, `dp` float NOT NULL, `hra` float NOT NULL, `gross_salary` float NOT NULL, `epf` float NOT NULL,

30 `lic` float NOT NULL, `net_salary` float NOT NULL, primary key(id) ) "; $res=mysql_query($sql)or die ("Unable to execute"); echo"<b>table Created</b>";?> <html> <head> <title>employee Salary System</title> </head> <body> <b>employee Salary System</b> <br /><br /> <form action="frontend.php" method="post"> <pre> Employee Name: Select Designation: <input type="text" name="name"> <select name="designation"> <option>lecturer</option> <option>senior Lecture</option> <option>assistant Professor</option> <option>associative Professor</option> </select> The Basic Salary : <input type="text" name="basic_salary" >

31 <input type="submit" name="submit" value="submit"/> </pre> </form> </body> </html> <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root",""); mysql_selectdb('payroll'); if(isset($_post['submit'])) { $name=$_post['name']; $designation=$_post['designation']; $basic_salary=$_post['basic_salary']; $merged_da = $basic_salary*(50/100); $dp = $basic_salary*(84/100); $hra = $basic_salary*(7.5/100); $gross_salary = $merged_da+$dp+$hra; $epf = 800; $lic = 1000; $net_salary = $gross_salary+$epf+$lic; $sql="insert into employee(name,designation,basic_salary,merged_da,dp,hra,gross_salary,epf,lic,net_sal ary)values('$name','$designation','$basic_salary','$merged_da','$dp','$hra','$gross_sa lary','$epf','$lic','$net_salary')"; $res=mysql_query($sql); }

32 $sql="select * from employee"; $res=mysql_query($sql); echo"<table border=2 align=center> <tr><th>s.no</th><th>name</th><th>designation</th><th>basic SALARY</th><th>MERGED DA</th><th>DP</th><th>HRA</th><th>GROSS SALARY</th><th>EPF</th><th>LIC</th><th>NET SALARY</th>"; while($r=mysql_fetch_array($res)) { echo "<tr>"; echo "<th>".$r['id']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['name']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['designation']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['basic_salary']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['merged_da']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['dp']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['hra']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['gross_salary']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['epf']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['lic']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['net_salary']."</th>"; echo "</tr>"; } echo "</table>";?>

33 OUTPUT: RESULT:

34 STUDENT MARK STATEMENT USING PHP AND MYSQL EX NO: DATE: AIM: PROGRAM CODE: <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","") or die ("Unable to execute"); $sql="create database studentmark"; $res=mysql_query($sql) or die ("Unable to execute"); echo"<b>database Created</b>"; mysql_selectdb('studentmark'); $sql="create TABLE `student` ( `id` int(100) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `rollno` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `m1` float NOT NULL, `m2` float NOT NULL, `m3` float NOT NULL, `m4` float NOT NULL, `m5` float NOT NULL, `total` float NOT NULL,

35 `average` float NOT NULL, `result` varchar(10) NOT NULL, `grade` varchar(100) NOT NULL, primary key(id) ) "; $res=mysql_query($sql) or die ("Unable to execute"); echo"<b>table Created</b>";?> <html> <head> <title>student Mark Statement</title> </head> <body> <center><b>student Mark Statement</b> <br /> <br /> <form action="frontend.php" method="post"> <table cellpadding="10"> <tr> <td>name</td><td><input type="text" name="name"/></td> </tr><tr> <td>rollno</td><td><input type="text" name="rollno"/></td> </tr><tr> <td>mark1</td><td><input type="text" name="m1"/></td>

36 </tr><tr> <td>mark2</td><td><input type="text" name="m2"/></td> </tr><tr> <td>mark3</td><td><input type="text" name="m3"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td><input type="submit" name="submit" value="submit"/></td> </tr> </table> </form> </center> </body> </html> <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root",""); mysql_selectdb('studentmark'); if(isset($_post['submit'])) { $name=$_post['name']; $rollno=$_post['rollno']; $m1=$_post['m1']; $m2=$_post['m2']; $m3=$_post['m3']; $total = $m1+$m2+$m3; $average = $total/3;

37 if($m1>=50 && $m2>=50 && $m3>=50) { $result = "Pass"; } else { $result = "Fail"; } if($m1>=50 && $m2>=50 && $m3>=50) { if($average>=80) { $grade = "First Class with Distiniction"; } elseif($average>=60 && $average<80) { $grade = "First Class"; } elseif($average>=50 && $average<60) { $grade = "Second Class"; } else

38 { $grade = "No Class"; } } else { $grade = "No Class"; } $sql="insert into student(name,rollno,m1,m2,m3,total,average,result,grade)values('$name','$rollno','$m 1','$m2','$m3','$total','$average','$result','$grade')"; $res=mysql_query($sql); } $sql="select * from student"; $res=mysql_query($sql); echo"<table border=2 align=center> <tr><th>s.no</th><th>name</th><th>rollno</th><th>mark1</th><th>mar K2</th><th>MARK3</th><th>TOTAL</th><th>AVERAGE</th><th>RESULT</th> <th>grade</th><th>view GRAPH</th>"; while($r=mysql_fetch_array($res)) { echo "<tr>"; echo "<th>".$r['id']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['name']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['rollno']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['m1']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['m2']."</th>";

39 echo "<th>".$r['m3']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['total']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['average']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['result']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['grade']."</th>"; echo "<th><a href='graph.php?id=".$r['id']."'>view</a></th>"; echo "</tr>"; } echo "</table>";?> <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root",""); mysql_selectdb('studentmark'); $sql="select * from student where id=".$_get['id']; $res=mysql_query($sql); $r=mysql_fetch_array($res); $m1=$r['m1']; $m2=$r['m2']; $m3=$r['m3']; $total=$r['total']; $average=$r['average']; include('phpgraphlib.php'); $graph = new PHPGraphLib(500,350); $data = array("mark1"=>$m1,"mark2"=>$m2,"mark3"=>$m3,"total"=>$total,"averag"=>$ave rage);

40 $graph->adddata($data); $graph->settitle('student Mark Statement'); $graph->creategraph();?>

41 OUTPUT: RESULT:

42 STOCK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING PHP AND MYSQL EX NO: DATE: AIM: PROGRAM CODE: <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","") or die ("Unable to execute"); $sql="create database stock"; $res=mysql_query($sql) or die ("Unable to execute"); echo"<b>database Created</b>"; mysql_selectdb('stock'); $sql="create TABLE `stock` ( `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `item` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `quantity` float NOT NULL, `amount` float NOT NULL, primary key(id) ) "; $res=mysql_query($sql)or die ("Unable to execute"); echo"<b>table Created</b>"; $sql="create TABLE `sales` (

43 `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `item` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `quantity` float NOT NULL, `amount` float NOT NULL, primary key(id) ) "; $res=mysql_query($sql)or die ("Unable to execute"); echo"<b>table Created</b>";?> <html> <head> <title>stock Management System</title> </head> <body> <b>stock Management System</b> <br /> <form action="frontend.php" method="post"> <pre> Item : <input type="text" name="name"> Quantity : <input type="text" name="quantity"> Amount : <input type="text" name="amount"> <br /> <input type="submit" name="additem" value="add Stock"/> <a href="graph.php">view Stock graph</a> <input type="submit" name="submit" value="sales"/>

44 </pre> </form> <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root",""); mysql_selectdb('stock'); if(isset($_post['submit'])) { $item=$_post['name']; $quantity=$_post['quantity']; $amount=$_post['amount']; $total_amount = $quantity*$amount; $sql="select * from stock"; $res=mysql_query($sql); while($r=mysql_fetch_array($res)) { $check_quantity = $r['quantity']; $check_amount = $r['amount']; } if($quantity <= $check_quantity) { $fquantity = $check_quantity - $quantity; $famount = $check_amount - $total_amount; $query="update stock SET quantity='$fquantity' WHERE item='$item'"; mysql_query($query); $sql="insert into sales(item,quantity,amount)values('$item','$quantity','$total_amount')";

45 $res=mysql_query($sql); $sql="select * from sales"; $res=mysql_query($sql); echo"<table border=2 align=center><tr><th>s.no</th><th>name</th><th>quantity</th><th>amou NT</th>"; while($r=mysql_fetch_array($res)) { echo "<tr>"; echo "<th>".$r['id']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['item']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['quantity']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['amount']."</th>"; echo "</tr>"; } echo "</table>"; } else { echo"<b>only stock Avaliable :$check_quantity Unit <br><br> There is no avaliable Stock</b>"; } } if(isset($_post['additem'])) { $item=$_post['name'];

46 $quantity=$_post['quantity']; $amount=$_post['amount']; $total_amount = $quantity*$amount; $sql="insert into stock(item,quantity,amount)values('$item','$quantity','$total_amount')"; $res=mysql_query($sql); echo"<table border=2 align=center><tr><th>s.no</th><th>name</th><th>quantity</th><th>amou NT</th>"; $sql="select * from stock"; $res=mysql_query($sql); while($r=mysql_fetch_array($res)) { echo "<tr>"; echo "<th>".$r['id']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['item']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['quantity']."</th>"; echo "<th>".$r['amount']."</th>"; echo "</tr>"; } echo "</table>"; }?> </body> </html>

47 <?php include('phpgraphlib.php'); $graph = new PHPGraphLib(500,350); mysql_connect("localhost","root",""); mysql_selectdb('stock'); $sql="select * from stock"; $res=mysql_query($sql); while($r=mysql_fetch_array($res)) { $id=$r['id']; $item=$r['item']; $quantity=$r['quantity']; $amount=$r['amount']; $data = array("item"=>$item,"quantity"=>$quantity,"amount"=>$amount); $graph->adddata($data); } $graph->settitle($item); $graph->creategraph();?>

48 OUTPUT:

49 RESULT:

50 CREATING STUDENT MARK STATEMENT USING PYTHON EX NO: DATE: AIM: PROGRAM CODE: print " " studid = int(raw_input("enter the Student ID: ")) studname = raw_input("enter the Student Name: mark1 = int(raw_input("enter the Mark1 ")) mark2 = int(raw_input("enter the Mark2 ")) mark3 = int(raw_input("enter the Mark3 ")) total = mark1 + mark2 + mark3 average = total / 3 if(mark1>=50 and mark2>=50 and mark3>=50): result = "Pass" else: result = "Fail" ")

51 if(mark1>=50 and mark2>=50 and mark3>=50): if(average>=80): grade = "First Class with Distiniction" elif(average>=60 and average<80): grade = "First Class" elif(average>=50 and average<60): grade = "Second Class" else: grade = "No Class" else: grade = "No Class" print " " print "The Student ID is: ",studid print "The Student Name is: ",studname print "The Mark1 is: ",mark1 print "The Mark2 is: ",mark2 print "The Mark3 is: ",mark3 print "The Total Mark is: ",total print "The Average Mark is: ",average print "The Student Result is: ",result print "The Student Grade is: ",grade print " "

52 OUTPUT: RESULT:

53 CREATING STUDENT MARK STATEMENT USING PERL EX NO: DATE: AIM: PROGRAM CODE: print " "; print "\n"; print "Enter the Student ID: "; $studid = <STDIN>; print "Enter the Student Name: "; $studname = <STDIN>; print "Enter the Mark1: "; $mark1 = <STDIN>; print "Enter the Mark2: "; $mark2 = <STDIN>; print "Enter the Mark3: "; $mark3 = <STDIN>; $total = $mark1 + $mark2 + $mark3; $average = $total / 3;

54 if($mark1>=50 && $mark2>=50 && $mark3>=50) { $result = "Pass"; } else { $result = "Fail"; } if($mark1>=50 && $mark2>=50 && $mark3>=50) { if($average>=80) { $grade = "First Class with Distiniction"; } elsif($average>=60 && $average<80) { $grade = "First Class"; } elsif($average>=50 && $average<60) { $grade = "Second Class"; } else

55 { $grade = "No Class"; } } else { $grade = "No Class"; } print " "; print "\n"; print "The Student ID is: ",$studid; print "The Student Name is: ",$studname; print "The Mark1 is: ",$mark1; print "The Mark2 is: ",$mark2; print "The Mark3 is: ",$mark3; print "The Total Mark is: ",$total; print "The Average Mark is: ",$average; print "The Student Result is: ",$result; print "The Student Grade is: ",$grade; print " "

56 OUTPUT: RESULT:

57 INSTALL NS2 IN UBUNTU EX NO: DATE: AIM: INSTALLATION PROCEDURE: Step 1: Download the source for NS2 all in one (I used this version ns-allinone2.34.tar.gz) from the link Step 2: Extract the tar.gz file downloaded into your home folder by right-clicking the tag.gz file Step 3: Open terminal (Applications-->Accessories-->Terminal) and change the directory (using cd command) to the extracted folder and execute the following: The following command is used to compile the source../install It will take long time to compile all the required packages for ns to work... Step 4: To get nam command using sudo apt-get install nam Step 5: To get ns command using sudo apt-get install ns

58 RESULT

59 INSTALL NS2 IN WINDOWS EX NO: DATE: AIM: INSTALLATION PROCEDURE: 1. Install cygwin setup. 2. click Next button. 3. Select Install from Local Directory option.

60 4. Click Next button. 5. Click Next button. 6. Uncheck Hide obsolete and administrative packages option and click the View button from top. 7. Click Next button.

61 8. Click over the word Skip under column New. 9. Click Next button. 10. Click Finish button.

62 11. Click ok button to complete. 12. Go to Start All Programs Cygwin Cygwin Bash shell. 13. Copy and Paste the content of ns-allinone-2.30 folder into c:\cygwin\home\ 14. In the cygwin bash shell key in the command cd.. location

63 15. Type cd ns-allinone-2.30/ns Type in./configure

64 17. Type make. 18. Type make install. 19. Type cd Type cd nam-1.12.

65 21. Type./configure 22. Type make. 23. Type make install.

66 24. Type Exit RESULT:

67 SIMPLE TCL SCRIPT EX NO: DATE: AIM: PROGRAM CODE: #Solve the Given Expression is ex = (a*b) - c puts "Enter the A Value:" gets stdin a puts "Enter the B Value:" gets stdin b puts "Enter the C Value:" gets stdin c set ex [expr [expr ($a*$b)] - $c] puts "The Expression of the Above Value is: $ex"

68 OUTPUT: RESULT:

69 BIGGEST OF THREE NUMBERS USING TCL SCRIPT EX NO: DATE: AIM: PROGRAM CODE: puts "Enter the A Value: " gets stdin a puts "Enter the B Value: " gets stdin b puts "Enter the C Value: " gets stdin c if {$a>$b} { if {$a>$c} { puts "A is Big" } else { puts "C is Big" } } else { if {$b>$c} { puts "B is Big" } else { puts "C is Big" } }

70 OUTPUT: RESULT: