Linux Introduction Martin Dahlö Valentin Georgiev

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1

2 Linux Introduction Martin Dahlö Valentin Georgiev

3 Objectives What is CLI, shell, terminal What is directory tree How to use simple commands for: navigating in the directory tree manipulating files (create, edit, copy, move, delete)

4 Linux Introduction Look up the links from Pre-course material, use Google, and... Learn by practice and repetition!!!

5 Linux

6 Linux

7 Concepts Command Line Interface (CLI)

8 Concepts Shell - user interface Graphical shells - Microsoft shell X Window System Text (CLI) shells - bash tcsh zsh Terminal

9 UPPMAX Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science (Uppsala supercomputer center)

10 Computer clusters Milou Rackham Bianca

11 Computer clusters Milou Rackham Bianca

12 Why Text? UPPMAX is accessible over the internet Command Line Interface (CLI) Terminal

13 Computers Files and programs

14 Computers Data

15 Computers Files

16 Computers File structure (directory tree)

17 Directory tree

18 Computers Programs

19 Computers Programs = commands

20 Commands program_name -option1 -option2 input_file output_file options and input/output files - can be optional

21 Navigation Commands home directory your own (account) directory working directory the directory you are sitting in now

22 Navigation Commands pwd print working directory

23 Navigation Commands pwd print working directory

24 Navigation Commands ls list the content of a directory

25 Navigation Commands ls list the content of a directory

26 Navigation Commands ls list the content of a directory

27 Navigation Commands ls list the content of a directory

28 Navigation Commands cd change working directory cd <directory name> = down/forward

29 Navigation Commands cd change working directory cd <directory name> = down/forward

30 Navigation Commands cd change working directory cd <directory name> = down/forward cd.. = up/back

31 Navigation Commands cd change working directory cd <directory name> = down/forward cd.. = up/back

32 Navigation Commands cd change working directory cd <directory name> = down/forward cd.. = up/back cd = go home = cd /home/dahlo/

33 Navigation Commands Summary pwd print working directory ls list content of directory cd change working directory

34 Interaction Commands cp - copy a file cp <name of original> <name of copy>

35 Interaction Commands cp - copy a file cp <name of original> <name of copy> cp mytext.txt copy_of_my_text.txt

36 Interaction Commands cp - copy a file cp <name of original> <name of copy> cp /home/dahlo/test.txt../

37 Interaction Commands mv - move a file mv <name of the file> <name of the copy > mv /home/dahlo/test.txt../../mydocs/

38 Interaction Commands mv - rename a file mv <original name> <new name> mv mytext.txt copy_of_my_text.txt

39 Interaction Commands less - view content of a file less <file name> less readme.txt

40 Interaction Commands less - view content of a file less <file name> less readme.txt

41 Interaction Commands less - view content of a file less <file name> less readme.txt press Q to exit less

42 Head head - view the first rows of a file head <filename>

43 Head head - view the first rows of a file head <filename>

44 Head head - view the first rows of a file head <filename>

45 Head head - view the first rows of a file head <filename>

46 Head head - view the first rows of a file head -n <nr of lines> <filename>

47 Tail tail - view the last rows of a file tail <filename>

48 Tail tail - view the last n rows of a file tail -n <nr of lines> <filename>

49 Interaction Commands nano - edit content of a file nano <file name> nano readme.txt

50 Interaction Commands nano - edit content of a file nano <file name> nano readme.txt ^ = ctrl

51 Interaction Commands rm - remove a file There is no trash bin in CLI! Gone is gone.. rm <file name> Ex. rm readme.txt rm../../../file1.txt rm /home/dahlo/test.txt

52 Wildcards *

53 Wildcards *

54 Wildcards *

55 Wildcards * Works with most Linux commands Ex: cp *.txt directory1/

56 Wildcards * Works with most Linux commands Ex: rm *.tmp

57 The most important thing TAB COMPLETION (try to) never type a path or filename without it!

58 TAB COMPLETION (try to) never type a path or filename without it!

59 TAB COMPLETION (try to) never type a path or filename without it!

60 TAB COMPLETION (try to) never type a path or filename without it!

61 TAB COMPLETION (try to) never type a path or filename without it!

62 Good to Know Commands top - how much is the computer working? top

63 Good to Know Commands Instructions how to use programs Easy to forget syntax Manual pages man <program name> Ex. man ls (q to quit)

64 Good to Know Commands How do I log out? exit Exits only the current terminal

65 Good to Know Commands Summary cp copy a file mv move a file less view a file nano view and edit a file rm remove a file head / tail wildcards tab completion use it!!! top see active processes man manual pages exit Log out current terminal

66

67 Connect to UPPMAX ssh - Secure SHell connection (ssh) ssh -Y <username>@milou.uppmax.uu.se Ex: ssh -Y valent@milou.uppmax.uu.se Terminal in Linux and OS X MobaXterm in Windows ( Putty also alternative, but not as good..

68 Laboratory time!

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