NEW APPROACH FOR SAFE, FAST AND ACCURATE SURVEY OF DEEP MINE SHAFTS by Norbert Benecke & Peter Cain DMT GmbH &Co. KG, Germany / DMT Geosciences, Canada Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 1
Who is DMT? is established in 1864 based in Essen/Germany employes more than 800 experts world-wide Is an international service provider for mining, oil& gas and infrastructure sectors and provides a wide range of specialized services over the whole life cycle of mining (exploration, engineering, consulting, research, measuring & monitoring) Geosciences Ltd. is wholly owned by DMT based in Calgary/Alberta provides comprehensive geoscience, consulting and engineering support to the minerals, energy, environmental and engineering sectors provides DMT services in North America Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 2
Some remarks on the importance of shafts in mining Typically high-performance mining operations, esp. underground operations, are producing closely to their capacity limits 24 hours operability of the shafts is essential for the success of the mining operation Often the shaft safety pillar is mined and this affects the shaft or parts of the shaft: In position (inclination, rotation, lateral movements, curves) In shape (compression, deformation) In function The shaft hoisting installations move out of regular position The hoisting speed of the cages must be reduced Production losses Production breakdown Safety risks, e.g. danger to life or physical condition of workers Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 3
Shaft Inspection is important for shafts under operation as well as for abandoned shafts for different purposes regular inspection on changes and damages (e.g. required by authorities) monitoring, e.g. whilst mining activities are impacting the shaft basis for planning issues, e.g. new installations, reconstruction work or shaft closure work Different information will be needed, e.g. Guides, walls and installations (documentation and condition) Slope, deformation and damages Plumbing of coordinates Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 4
Shaft Inspection is difficult due to specific and dangerous conditions for any survey, e.g. Risk to fall down the deep hole Limited space Dust, water and darkness Small time window for surveying safe, fast and accurate system is required fast: less than 1 shift per shaft safe: remote operation, no men in the shaft safe for gassy mines: system must fulfil safety requirements concerning presence of methane gas accurate: some millimetre in local details, approx. 10-20 cm in absolute coordinates Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 5
Kinematic Shaft Survey System by DMT Solutions for different shafts Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System for shafts with cage or skip Wireline-Shaft-Survey-System for shafts without cage or skip Odometer Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 6
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System System Layout for Shafts with Cage 1 st Component Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) Investigation of shaft position (trace of cage position over depth) 2 nd Component LIDAR system As-built-documentation of shaft walls and installations Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 7
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System System Layout for Shafts with Cage Installation of IMU and two IMAGER 5006i on hoisting cage if requested: ex-proofed Kinematic survey of the shaft with both technologies measurement of shaft position by IMU data logging of both scanners in profiler mode Internal power supply and data storage Control unit for synchronisation purposes Odometer Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 8
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System System mounting on cage LIDAR (ex-proofed) Inertial measurement unit (IMU) Odometer Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 9
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System Workflow Parametereingabe Excel Excel LIDAR systems ZFS- Konvert.exe Image-Viewer ZFS2PTS.exe IMU- Filt.exe Leica Cyclone SightPower IMU Odometer Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 10
Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 11
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System Immediate result point cloud Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 12
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System Any detail is measured with accurate 3D-coordinates Less than 10 % gaps (hidden areas) Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 13
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System Immediate result unwrapping of shaft walls Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 14
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System Further results - CAD-Modeling from point cloud data Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 15
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System Further results - CAD-Modeling from point cloud data Point cloud CAD model Example for specific data evaluation: Guide distances with deviations in red Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 16
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System Further results - Cross-sections in CAD-Format e.g. for installation of additional pipes or as basis for reconstruction work Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 17
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System Further results - Shaft deviation and local wall deformation e.g. as basis for reconstruction work Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 18
Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System Technical Parameter (for 1,000 m deep shaft, 1 cage) Typical duration for mounting, measurements and demounting: 6 to 10 h Absolute accuracy in position: +/- 10 cm (by inertial measurement unit) Absolute accuracy in height: +/- 10 cm (by inertial measurement unit) Local accuracy of LIDAR measurement: +/- 1 mm up to 10 m distance Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 19
References more than 20 years experience with shaft surveying in Germany and international (e.g. Australia) With the new Cage-Based-Shaft-Survey-System (since 2011): more than 20 projects in Germany initial projects in Ukraine and Russia purchase of a full system to Kazakhstan further requests from Russia, Ukraine, South Africa and Australia Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 20
Wireline-Shaft-Survey-System Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 21
Wireline-Shaft-Survey-System System components 2D-LIDAR ( Profiler ) Cable head Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) Batteries Telemetry Sensor for barrier identification Gas sensors (O 2 and CH 4 ) IMU Power supply Data processor and storage Weights/batteries Laser electronic system Rotating mirror (in heated casing) Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 22
Wireline-Shaft-Mapping-System Prototype in practice testing Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 23
Wireline-Shaft-Mapping-System Control unit on surface Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 24
Wireline-Shaft-Mapping-System Control screen Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 25
Wireline-Shaft-Mapping-System Data evaluation Winch Depth correction of the cable (elongation by system weight, winch correcting factor) IMU-data Determination of movements (rotation and oscillation) LIDAR IMU Scan data Unwrapping of measurement values Corrected by depth and rotation Correction of oscillation Conversion into 3D-model Several data evaluation and visualization options 3D-Point cloud Further data evaluation Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 26
Wireline-Shaft-Survey-System Immediate result point cloud Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 27
Wireline-Shaft-Survey-System Immediate result detail of point cloud with demaged area Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 28
Wireline-Shaft-Survey-System Immediate result details of point cloud Dreiecksvermaschung: Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 29
Wireline-Shaft-Survey-System Further result triangulation and measurements Point cloud Triangulation Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 30
Wireline-Shaft-Survey-System Technical Parameter (for 1,000 m deep shaft) Typical duration for mounting, measurements and demounting: 6 to 10 h Absolute accuracy in position and height: +/- 20 to 30 cm (by inertial measurement unit) Local accuracy of LIDAR measurement: +/- 1 cm up to 10 m distance Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 31
Conclusions Shafts are extremely important for mines Safe, fast and accurate shaft survey system was missing DMT has solved this problem by development of kinematic shaft survey systems for shafts with cage for shafts without cage for gassy mines Systems are already tested in several projects DMT offers measurement services worldwide Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 32
Our Service - Your Benefit Faster re-availability of the shaft for operational use by saving of measurement times & minimizing of down-time Enhancement of safety level by avoiding of dangerous work inside the shaft minimizing of required safety measures & decrease of accident risk for workers first opportunity to use laser scanning in explosive areas Enhancement of quality, reliability and rapidity of decisions for Safety measures (e.g. cage speed reduction in case of damaged guides) planning of new installations (e.g. pipelines) reconstruction work (e.g. in case of damages) Enhancement of quality, reliability and rapidity of decisions by increase of measurement quality and detailedness fast availability of results in applicable shape for different themes opportunity for evaluation of additional results without additional survey Comparison of several survey campaigns Saving of time and costs Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 33
Thank you for your attention! GLÜCKAUF Laser scan by ex-proofed DMT laser scanner in a German underground mine (entrance of longwall operation) Kinemattic Shaft Survey 2013 Page 34