IT & Communications Recommendations for RESERVE ICT

IT & Communications Recommendations for RESERVE ICT Steffen Bretzke Ericsson GmbH Herzogenrath, Germany

PROJECT OVERVIEW DIAGRAM Slide No. 3 RESERVE 2018 All rightsreserved.

WHY 5G FOR RESERVE? 3GPP is standardizing 5G Networks to be launched from 2019 Enhanced Mobile Broadband (embb). Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC). Massive Machine-Type Communications (mmtc). Internet of Things as part of 5G Cat-M1 support for massive number of devices Milliseconds-level latency Low-energy, low-cost devices Robust and very frequent transmissions Optimisedfor high-performance devices Slide No. 6 RESERVE All rights reserved.

5G BENEFITS FOR RESERVE SCENARIOS No 5G Feature Impact and Benefits for RESERVE 1 Extremely low latency & high availability Real-time voltage and frequency control 2 Quality of Service classes Priority for urgent messages and critical actions 3 Network slicing dedicated network resources Logical network slices meet the specific demands 4 5 Wide coverage in-door, out-door, rural areas, cities Enhancements for machine-to-machine communication and IoT Optimal interaction with distributed energy resources (demand and response) Successful communication between energy grid components 6 Support for low-cost devices Cost-efficient modems, easy to configure 7 Well-proven global security mechanisms Protection for smart grids 8 Global standard Same solution everywhere Slide No. 7 RESERVE All rights reserved.

APPROACH TO 5G STUDIES Profound study and analysis of the ICT requirements for largescale commercial deployments for the techniques proposed by RESERVE In-depth discussionswith all project partners to understand the approach of the different RESERVE scenarios for voltage and frequency control Two distinct engineering skills coming together through RESERVE: Electrical engineers having to learn about ICT, and ICT having to learn about RoCoF, Frequency Control, & Active Voltage Management. Preparation and provision of 5G and 5G-ready systems as Hardware in the Loop for the simulations in RESERVE Slide No. 9 RESERVE All rights reserved.

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK FREQUENCY CTRL TSO HV level TSO Control Center Generation Unit Powerline Communications Generation Unit DSO MV level Frequency Data Manager ~ ~ Mainly 5G Communications Storage and Generation Units ~ Principal Communication Paths in Frequency Control BEFORE AFTER RESERVE Slide No. 10 RESERVE All rights reserved.

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK VOLTAGE CTRL TSO HV level TSO Control Center Generation Unit Powerline Communications Generation Unit DSO MV level Secondary Substation Automation Unit ~ ~ Mainly 5G Communications Storage and Generation Units ~ Principal Communication Paths in Voltage Control BEFORE AFTER RESERVE Slide No. 11 RESERVE All rights reserved.

END-TO-END TIMES TYPICAL VALUES Estimates for Commercial Deployment Direction Time (ms) Time (ms) Time (ms) Time (ms) Time (ms) Time Sensor internal Sensor/ Converter 5G Radio 5G Core FDM/SSAU Total Measurements Uplink Measure data Internal communications Incl processing by base station Incl processing by 5G core Data analysis 1 3 8 3 2 17 Control Commands Downlink Execute corrective action Internal communications Incl processing by base station Incl processing by 5G core Prepare response 1 1 5 3 1 11 Slide No. 15 RESERVE All rights reserved.

LATENCY & SAMPLING RATES Sampling rates and end-to-end latency for frequency and voltage control techniques in RESERVE No. Control Type Sampling Rate Total Latency 1 Inertial response (RoCoF) 50/sec < 50 ms 2 Primary control 50/sec < 100 ms 3 Secondary control 1/sec 200 ms 4 Voltage Control 1/sec < 100ms These are challenging requirements and demand 5G Slide No. 16 RESERVE All rights reserved.

5G AVAILABILITY 5G Networks provide maximum reliability for end-to-end communications in relation to other mobile networks Depending on contracts with network operators, up to 99.99% availability can be reached in the network as a whole -Only 4min 23s downtime (planned and unplanned) per month -Planned downtime: upgrades, configuration changes, etc -Unplanned downtime: SW disturbances, HW defects, communications outages, etc -Maximum reliability requires duplication of HW and SW Slide No. 17 RESERVE All rights reserved.

5G NETWORK SLICING Management & Orchestration & Analytics & Exposure NETWORK SLICING @ Applications & Network Functions VNF VNS Infrastructure VM VIM Container Edge Computing & Distributed Cloud CORE & RAN Networking, SDN, Transport Slide No. 18 RESERVE All rights reserved.

5G NETWORK SLICING Leverage network functions virtualisation(nfv) and software-defined network (SDN) Customize services from a pool of virtual and physical resources, operators can offer networks to sector actors on an as-a-service basis High latency, maximum security, improved time-to-market Deliver a wide variety of network performance characteristics for future services meeting performance requirements 5G Network Slicing Latency Security QoS Availability Data Rate Slide No. 19 RESERVE All rights reserved.

5G TEST ENVIRONMENT Lab trials (RWTH Aachen) 5G-ready radio & core Streams of data from the co-simulation infrastructure are run over the 5G system Tests with the 5G Set-up Simulations of the power networks in Ireland and Romania Simulations to refine the network code definitions Summer 2018: planned use of 5G-radio network 2019: further 5G evaluation Slide No. 20 RESERVE All rights reserved.

5G TEST CASES (SELECTION) ICT Test Description Simulation Scenario User Plane Latency User Plane Latency with High Traffic Reliability Protocols Reliability Protocols with High Traffic Communication outage - Recoverability Measure transmission time from measurement unit to frequency data manager, voltage controller (DL, UL) As above, but high volume of other traffic Measure Packet loss when transmitting relevant IEC 61850, AMQP and MQTT messages As above, but high volume of other traffic Recovery of traffic on IEC 61850, AMQP and MQTT after outage in the 5G network Frequency and voltage control with 5G-ready hardware As above, with traffic generator Frequency and voltage control, validate reliable data transmission As above, with traffic generator Frequency and Voltage Control Slide No. 21 RESERVE All rights reserved.

CONCLUSION 1 The study of the ICT requirements have shown that 5G Networks provide the necessary performance to ensure a cost-effective solution for frequency & voltage control with up to 100% RES, with 5G features -High Availability -Network slicing ensures prioritized message transport -Scalability -Ultra-low latency and very large capacity -Support for huge numbers of low-cost and low-energy communications devices lasting for up to 10 years without on-site maintenance Slide No. 23 RESERVE All rights reserved.

CONCLUSION 2 5G provides for Safe Investments for DSOs investing in the techniques of Voltage and Frequency Control -3GPP is the standardisation body behind 4G-LTE and 5G networks, with hundreds of partners from all markets and technologies, active since 1998-3GPP standardisation is a controlled, stable and continuous process -Compatible devices will be supported for min. of 20 to 30 years around the world -Devices are future-proof and low-cost, as devices produced in billions of units Slide No. 24 RESERVE All rights reserved.

ACHIEVEMENTS AND NEXT STEPS Done Detailed studies with RESERVE partners on needs for ICT systems in Frequency and Voltage Control solutions Accepted Contribution to SA1 standardisation workgroup in 3GPP for 5G In Progress Preparation of ICT support for future lab field trials Preparation of test cases for 5G and 5G-ready systems Tobe done Clarify ICT requirements & RESERVE concepts based on results from all parts of the project Execute and analyse test case results Slide No. 25 RESERVE 2018 All rightsreserved.