Mac OSX Basics Spring 2014 Objectives By the end of this tutorial, you will be able to: move confidently around the Mac s desktop and menus. locate any program installed on the Mac. manipulate windows (close, minimize, maximize, resize, etc ). create aliases access your Hawaiian Keyboard use common Mac keyboard shortcuts. Table of Contents The Desktop. 2 The Dock. 3 System Preferences.. 3 Trash 4 Window Views.... 4 Closing, Minimizing, Maximizing.. 4 Resizing and Moving Windows... 5 View All Windows. 5 Menus.... 5 Symbols in the Menu Items.. 6 Programs., 7 Macintosh HD 7 Finder. 7 Launch Pad... 7 Spotlight. 7 Program Window Views. 8 Creating Aliases (AKA Shortcuts). 8 Hardware. 9 Turning the Computer On/Off... 9 Other Helpful Shortcuts. 9 Loading/Ejecting CDs & DVDs 10 Common Mac Software.... 10 Hawaiian Keyboard... 11 PC2Mac 1
The Desktop Let s start with the Mac Desktop: The small apple icon at the far left of the menu is similar to the Start bar on your PC. There, you can Sleep, Restart, and Shut Down your laptop. You can also find info about your system as well as Recent Documents, and Force Quit (Task Manager on a PC) Tip Alert Search The icon that looks like a magnifying glass is called the Spotlight. It allows you to quickly search for applications & files. It s very useful. Menu Bar The right side of the menu is like the system tray on a PC. It displays time, battery power, keyboard, wireless, etc. Click on an icon to access icon options. You might have different icons here than someone else depending on You should see a HD icon. If it s not visible, go to the menu bar, click on Go>Computer>then drag Macintosh HD to desktop The Dock Place App icons that you frequently use here for easy access. Now that you know a little of the terminology, let s take a closer look at some of these items. PC2Mac 2
The Dock The Dock typically appears at the bottom of your screen. It can be modified to reside on the left or right side, or set to hide when it s not in use. If you don t see the Dock, place the cursor at the very bottom of the screen for a few seconds to unhide the Dock. You can also go to the Apple Menu > Dock > Turn Hiding Off. View - Place the cursor over an icon to view the name of the program. Launch To launch a program, click once on the icon. Rearrange Icons Click and drag the icon to a new location. Add New Icons View Creating Aliases section of this handout. System Preferences (Control Panel on the PC) Like from the Control Panel on the PC, you can adjust the settings for different areas on your Mac in the System Preferences. The icon is located in the Dock. You can also access the System Preferences from the Apple Menu. PC2Mac 3
Commonly Used Items in System Preferences: Desktop & Screen Saver Change the wallpaper & screen saver photos. Print & Fax Add new, set up, or reconfigure your printer. Sound Adjust device inputs and outputs and adjust the volume. Trash The Trash bin can be found in the Dock, on the right. Place files, folders, and icons that you no longer need in the Trash bin. Like in Windows, you will need to empty the bin to delete its contents. If you place something in the bin and need to retrieve it, click on the Trash bin to open the window and drag the item from the window to the Desktop or its original folder. You should empty the Trash every so often to free up disk space. Tip Alert - Options Use the Gear icon on the menu bars of windows or programs you open to give you a menu of options. For example, the menu in the gear icon of the Trash window will give you the option to empty the trash. Window Views Widow views on a Mac are similar to those on a PC, although they may vary slightly. Closing, Minimizing, Maximizing These buttons operate similarly to those on a PC. Maximize Will either make your window bigger or maximize your window to fill the screen, depending on the program. Minimize This will move the window out of the way. You will see the minimized window in your Dock, to the right of the Trash. Close This will close a window, but it will not exit the program. Even if all of the windows of a program are closed, the application may still be running. We will look at how to quit programs later in this tutorial. PC2Mac 4
Resizing and Moving Windows Resize - At the bottom right corner of the window, you ll notice a triangle made up of four lines (see left). Click on the triangle and drag it to adjust the window s size and shape. Move a Window - Click on the title bar at the top of the window and drag it to a new location. View All Windows If you are working in multiple programs you may have several windows open. The Mac OS allows you to view tiles of all of the windows you have open. There are two ways to do this: 1. Press the F3 key. 2. Use a touch pad gesture. Place three fingers on the touch pad and swipe up. This is know as the Exposé program. It is always running in the background. Exposé will tile small representations of all the currently open windows. Move your cursor over a tile to view the name of the program or file. Click on a window and that program will come to the forefront. Press F3 again to return to the window you were using or use three fingers and swipe down on the touch pad. Go to System Preferences to change Exposé to meet your personal preferences. Menus On a PC, each application/program/folder has its own menu within the window that opens. Macs operate a little differently. The screen will always display only one menu bar. This is found at the top of the screen. **The menu will change depending on what program you are using.** When you are on your Desktop, before you launch any programs, the Finder menu will appear. PC2Mac 5
When a new program is opened, the Finder menu will change to reflect the application you are now using. In the picture below, the menu for the web browser Safari, has now replaced the Finder menu. The Finder menu is still running in the background. To access the Finder menu while Safari (or any other program) is open, click on an empty space on the Desktop. Click on the program window to navigate back to it. Symbols in the Menu Items If you click on the menu item of a program, often times you ll see a set of symbols next to the option item. These, like on a PC, are keyboard shortcuts. Instead of going to the Edit menu item in Word, to copy and paste a word, you can highlight the word and use the Command key + the C key to copy and the Command key + the V key to paste. refers to the apple key, also called the command key. refers to the option/alt key. refers to the shift key. Tip Alert Right Click By now you ve probably noticed that your mouse or track pad has only one button and you re wondering how to right click with your Mac. Just push the Control key while clicking on the item. The menu for the item will appear. You can also replace your Mac mouse with a dual-button mouse. PC2Mac 6
Programs While some of the programs you use can be launched from the Dock, not all will appear there. There are several ways to locate your programs. Macintosh HD Click on the Macintosh HD icon to open its window. HD stands for Hard Drive and this is like the My Computer option on a PC. The hard drive window will allow you to view and navigate the folders on your computer. Click on the Applications folder to view specific program folders and files. Finder Finder is similar to Windows Explorer. You can access the Finder window by clicking on its icon in the dock, usually located on the far left or by using the File item in the Finder Menu (top of the Desktop) and selecting New Finder Window. You should see the same window as when you used the Macintosh HD icon. Launch Pad Also located in the Dock, the Launch Pad allows you to view available programs. Click once on the rocket ship icon and you ll be able to view the icons for the programs you have installed. If you have lots of programs you may need to swipe right or left on the track pad or click and drag the screen to view all of the programs. To get back to the Desktop, click in an empty area to the side or hit the Esc button. Spotlight Located in the top right corner of the menu bar, click on the Spotlight icon to type in the name of a program/file or key words to search your entire computer. PC2Mac 7
Program Window Views (Folders too) Like PC windows, Mac windows have & forward browser buttons. You can also change the way in which your files are displayed (icon, list, column). back In the icon view, click on an item once to view information about the program or item. Click the icon twice to launch the program or item. Click and drag the icon to your Dock to create a shortcut. The Actions button (looks like a gear) offers some common options, such as New Folder and Get Info. Highlight an item in the window, click on the action button, then Get Info to see a file or folder s properties. Creating Aliases (a.k.a. shortcuts) Desktop shortcuts are called Aliases, on a Mac. In the previous section, we discussed how add an icon in the Dock from the Finder window. To make an alias on the desktop, open the Finder window and locate the folder or item for which you wish to add a shortcut. Hold down the Command key + the Option/alt key and click on the item and drag it to the desktop. Notice that a small black arrow appears at the bottom left of the icon I just created. That indicates that the item is a shortcut. I chose to create a shortcut to my user folder that contains my documents. This will make it easy to access this folder, which I use frequently. PC2Mac 8
Hardware Turning the Computer On/Off Like a PC, a Mac has a power button. On a laptop it is located in the top right corner of the keyboard. Press the button to turn on the machine. The button has a specific symbol on it, a circle with a line emerging from the top. To shut down your Mac, you will click on the apple icon in the top left corner of the menu bar. Several options appear of which one is Shut Down. You can also Sleep or Restart your computer from this area as well as Log Out of your user profile. On a PC, these were found in the Start menu. Tip Alert Shut Down The keyboard command to shut down your Mac are: Control + Option+ Command + Eject Other Helpful Shortcuts Force Shut Down - Hold down the power button for 5 seconds. You may lose unsaved data. Wait 30 seconds before starting up again. Force Restart Command key + Control key + power button Print Screen Command key + Shift + 3. This takes a screenshot of your entire screen. Your picture will show up on the desktop. Screen Shot of a Selected Area Command key + Shift + 4. The cross bars will appear and you can select the area you want captured. Your picture will show up on the desktop. Copy Command key + c Paste Command key + v Cut Command key + x For more keyboard shortcuts and terms for Windows users, go to the Finder menu, open the Help menu, and click on Mac Help. Here, you can find more in- depth information about Switching from Windows. PC2Mac 9
Loading/Ejecting CDs & DVDs The eject button is located in the top right hand corner of your keyboard. The eject symbol is also available in applications that use the drive, such as itunes. You can use the icon in the application or the button on the keyboard. Common Mac Software Safari Safari is Macintosh s default Internet browser, like Internet Explore is for PCs. Internet Explorer is available for Macs as is Firefox and Chrome. Dashboard From the Desktop, using your touch pad, do a three-finger swipe from left to right to view the Dashboard. The plus & minus buttons at the bottom left allow you to add or remove the widgets that appear. You can rearrange their location as well by clicking & dragging. The most common widgets are the clock, weather forecast, sticky notes, and calendar, although many others can be used. ibooks & itunes These two programs allow you to create a library of digital books and music, respectively. With the addition of ibooks Author, you can also create ebooks as well. ilife Suite This suite of Mac software includes iphoto, imovie, and Garageband. ilife helps you do more with photos movies, and music. You can browse, edit, and share photos in iphoto; Create movies and videos with imovie; and use Garageband to create your own song. iwork Suite The iwork suite includes productivity software: Keynote, Pages, and Numbers. Keynote is similar to PowerPoint, Pages is like Word, and Numbers is like Excel. PC2Mac 10
Hawaiian Keyboard In System Preferences Go to Language & Text (first row with flag) Click on Input Sources Check the Hawaiian(Eng) box Next to the Wi-Fi and sound icon in the Menu Bar, change and choose Hawaiian flag instead of US flag. Kahakō - Option key + letter ʻOkina - Option + apostrophe PC2Mac 11