Introduction to Excel Excel Chapter 1 Robert Tureman Enter and Edit Data in a Cell Three types of data labels, numbers and formulas Entries are placed into the active cell Entries can be edited in the formula bar Formulas must begin with an equal (=) mark o Otherwise they are interpreted as text To remove a cell entry, click on the cell and press the delete key Movement in a Spreadsheet consider CONTROL- END and CONTROL-HOME 1
Mathematics and Formulas Math symbols o Multiplication is performed by * o Division is performed by / o Addition is performed by + o Subtraction is performed by o Parenthesis are used for grouping Elements in parenthesis are done first Usual Math rules apply o Order is critical o Precedence of operations will be obeyed by the program (Remember Please excuse my dear aunt Sally!) Precedence determines which operations are done before other operations in the absence of parenthesis Using calculations Calculations should reference cells where numbers are, not the numbers themselves Use important functions where possible o To add a range of cells =sum(range) o To average a range of cells =average(range) o To count the number of numbers in a range =count(range) o A range is a start cell reference followed by a colon followed by an end cell reference EXAMPLE b1:b9 would mean all the cells from b1 to b9 2
Automatic Formula Entry If a formula is properly entered, references only cells in that row, and the rows below it will have the same type of formula, enter it using FILL DOWN o Position to the cell o Click on the FILL DOWN HANDLE o Drag to the cells where the formula will go o EXCEL will automatically type the formula, adjusting it for the row it is on Types of calculations In these examples, CURRENT and PREVIOUS are cell references Amount of increase or decrease =CURRENT - PREVIOUS Decimal increase or decrease =(CURRENT PREVIOUS)/PREVIOUS NOTE: Can be formatted as PERCENT Both of these are usually on a single row, so they are good candidates for automatic entry by FILL DOWN 3
Formatting Worksheets Format individual cells from the HOME tab Note there is a difference between ACCOUNTING and CURRENCY formats Titles can be entered at the top of the worksheet o Two methods Merge cells Center Across Selection Found on the ALIGNMENT dialog box Formatting Cells Cells can be formatted with different Fonts, Colors, and Borders Cell Width can be adjusted if the data is too wide Clip art can be included URL s to web sites can be included 4
Page Setup Options Finishing the Spreadsheet Double Click on the SPREADSHEET TAB to change its title. Choose PAGE SETUP from the PAGE LAYOUT menu area. On the PAGE tab, choose PORTRAIT or LANDSCAPE. On the margins tab, choose the check box for CENTER HORIZONTALLY Additional Page Setup Options Title at the top of the page o Under HEADER/FOOTER tab, choose HEADER and select the spreadsheet tab title. Select CUSTOM HEADER, highlight TAB in the center, and choose font to select a larger, bold font. Select the FOOTER item and select one with the date and page number. Choose CUSTOM FOOTER if desired, especially to enter your name. SHEET tab selections o Check Gridlines o Identify ROWS AT TOP and COLUMNS AT LEFT if document will be more that one Use PRINT PREVIEW and PRINT to see the results. 5
An Example Spreadsheet The Formulas 6