Introduction to Networked Embedded Systems and Course Description Song Han song.han@uconn.edu Office: ITEB 355
Instructor: Song Han Self-Introduction Instructor email: song.han@uconn.edu Office: ITEB 355 Office hours: Tuesday 5:00-6:00 PM Course website www.engr.uconn.edu/~song/classes/nes/index.html All slides and reading materials will be available on course website
Research Overview Real-Time Data Management Large-scale Real-Time Data Analytics Real-Time Wireless Communication Platform 3
Real-Time Wireless Communication Platform Research and Development Overview Robust Time Delay Compensation In Controller Designs Distributed and Dynamic Network Resource Management Real-Time Flow Scheduling w/ Minimized Jitters Adaptive Synchronization High-speed Deterministic MAC Configurable MAC Design Real-Time Flow Scheduling w/ Delay Guarantee Wireless Physical Layers Real-Time Flow Scheduling w/ Maximized Reliability Network Co-existence Energy Minimization Online Spectrum Sensing Reliable Graph Routing Design System Disturbance Modeling Wireless QoS Abstraction Scheduling and Controller Co-Design Network Resource Management Configurable Real-Time Wireless Platform 4
Testbeds in UConn INI Laboratory
Guiding Cyber-physical Applications Robot-aided Gait Rehabilitation System Real-Time Analytics Platform for Large-scale Process Control Cyberphysical Avatar Remote and Real-Time Welding System 6
CPS Application Cyberphysical Avatar Dynamic Model and Control Structure Design Skill Acquisition through Machine Learning Real-time Avatar-Human Interaction Prototype Testbed Cyberphysical Avatar: A semi-autonomous robotic system (joint project with Human Centered Robotics Lab, UT Austin) 7
CPS Application Gait Rehabilitation Data-driven Robot-aided Gait Rehabilitation System (joint project with ASU, UC Berkeley Mayo Clinic and UC San Francisco) 8
CPS Application Gait Rehabilitation (Cont.) 9
CPS Application - SD 2 N: Software-Defined Urban Distribution Network for Smart Cities 10
CPS Application - Real-time Data Analytics Platform for Process Control Real-Time Analytics Platform for Process Monitoring and Control (joint project with Emerson Process Management and Microsoft) 11
WirelessHART: Applying Wireless Technology in Real-Time Industrial Process Control
Background and Challenges Low-power and secure real-time wireless protocol Network management techniques - Wireless mesh - Reliable graph routing - Real-time data link layer scheduling Make industrial wireless sensor and control networks Internet ready System design and implementation 13
WirelessHART Protocol Design 14
System Design, Implementation and Deployment 15
System Design, Implementation and Deployment (Cont.) Hardware Platforms Freescale 1322x SRB Evaluation Board Custom Designed Mother Board with Sensor Support Custom Designed Board with EnergyMicro EFM32 MCU 16
System Design, Implementation and Deployment (Cont.) Compliance Testing Suite Testing Engine 16-Channel Sniffer Virtual Network Approach 17
System Design, Implementation and Deployment (Cont.) Network Manager and Simulator Simulating a real-time wireless network with 100 devices: - reliable broadcast graph - device communication schedule 18
System Design, Implementation and Deployment (Cont.) Network Management Techniques Reliable Broadcast Graph Reliable Uplink Graph Reliable Downlink Graph 19
Making Industrial Wireless Sensor and Control Network Internet Ready Application Layer CoAP APP Layer Socket API Transport Layer UDP ICMP 6LoWPAN Enhanced NWK Layer Data Link Layer 802.15.4 PHY Network Topology CoAP-HTTP Server Intra-system Service Web Service
6TiSCH/WirelessHART Integration 21
System Design, Implementation and Deployment (Cont.) Testbed setup in UConn Wireless Sensing and Control Lab Divided Wall Column at the J.J. Pickle Research Campus at UT Austin 22
Course Overview What is this course about? Why should you take it? What topics are we going to cover? Course organization and requirements
Embedded Systems Overview What is embedded system? Characteristics Elements of embedded system
Computing Systems Most of us think of desktop computers PC Laptop Server Cloud Embedded system: a computing system that is part of or is embedded into another systems. Combination of computer hardware and software designed to perform a specific function
Embedded System: Examples
Embedded System Types General Purpose Computing Smart phone, Personal digital assistant Control systems Vehicle engines, chemical processes, nuclear power, flight control Signal processing Multimedia data compression Digital filtering Communication & Networking Routers, switches, firewalls, Surveillance, wireless sensor,
Embedded systems characteristics: User s viewpoint Single function Dedicated to a task or tasks Tight constraints Size, power, computation, memory, cost Real-time and reactive Respond to environment in real-time Safety critical Failure of hw/sw can be life threatening
Embedded system s characteristics: Developer s viewpoint Concurrent development of hardware and software: hardware/software codesign Variety of microprocessors Variety of operating systems mostly real time (RTOS) May not even have any OS services like printf Fewer system resources than desktop system Requires specialized development tools Debugging extremely difficult Hardware and software should be extremely robust
Typical Design Constraints Small Size, Low Weight Handheld electronics Transportation applications weight costs money Low Power Battery power for 8+ hours (laptops often last only 3 hours) Limited cooling may limit power even if AC power available Harsh environment Heat, vibration, shock Power fluctuations, RF interference, lightning Water, corrosion, physical abuse Real-time and Safety critical operation Must function correctly and/or in-time Must not function incorrectly Extreme cost sensitivity $.05 adds up over 1,000,000 units
A typical embedded system
Embedded Systems Networked Embedded Systems Embedded Internet
Wired Networking Technologies
Wireless Networking Technologies
RF Wireless Data Rates, Ranges and Power Slower Faster Peak Data Rate (Performance) IrDA NFC Low Data-Rate Transfer Closer RFID Low-Power (Long Battery Life Low Cost) UWB BT (LE) WSN (PAN) Medium-Power (Low- Cost) Bluetooth 802.11a Wireless Video Applications 802.11g/n 802.11b WLAN Wi-Fi Sub-GHz Sensors Mesh Network ZigBee WSN Range /AC Medium Power (Medium Cost) 4G 2.5G/3G Cellular 3G/4G BB Wireless Sensor Networking Low-Power (Long Battery Life, Medium Cost) WAN High-Power (High Cost) Farther
Why take this course? Learn the basics of embedded systems design Learn about wireless communication, sensor networks, and emerging IoT technologies Gain an appreciation of the open problems and opportunities in these fields Undergraduates Good opportunity to exercise things you learned in your previous classes Learn things that will help you with your senior design projects Get ready for graduate school or industry Graduate students Good breadth topic, good chance to find research projects Get hands-on experience on tools and platforms to support your research
Applications in All Aspects of Life
Understanding the Challenges at Each Level Wireless physical Layer Medium access Control Network routing in multi-hop wireless networks Embedded Internet Embedded system architecture Real-time operating systems Worst-case Time Analysis Real-time scheduling Localization and time synchronization End-to-end delay analysis
Covered Topic: Internet Architecture
Covered Topic: Wireless Networking
Covered Topic: Internet of Things
Case Study: Real-time Mesh Network for Industrial Automation
Covered Topic: Embedded System Architecture and RTOS
Covered Topic: Embedded System Architecture and RTOS (Cont.)
Covered Topic: Real-time Scheduling Theory
COURSE SCHEDULE