Optical Fiber for Today s Premises Applications

Optical Fiber for Today s Premises Applications Tony Irujo Customer Technical Support Mgr. OFS Optical Fiber Division 508-347-8582 tirujo@ofsoptics.com 1 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 1 11/7/2006

Outline Evolution of LAN Network Speeds Optical Fiber Types (Multimode, Singlemode) Optimized Multimode LEDs vs. s Cabling System Architectures 2 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 2 11/7/2006

Evolution of LAN Network Technology Data Rate (Mbps) 100,000 10,000 1000 100 10 1 Trends: LEDs s (faster) 62.5 50µm (farther) MMF MMF (cheaper) Ethernet LED 62.5 µm FDDI 1300 LED 62.5 µm Fast Ethernet 1300 LED 62.5 µm Gigabit Ethernet or 1300 LO 50, 62.5 & 1985 1990 1995 2000 10G Ethernet or 1300 LO 50, 62.5 & 100G Ethernet? or 1300 LO 50 & 2010? 3 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 3 11/7/2006

Industry Standard Multimode Fiber Sub-types Fiber type Wavelength () 62.5 µm (OM1) 1300 50 µm (OM2) 1300-10G -Optimized 50 µm (OM3) 1300 Max Loss (db/km) 3.5 1.5 3.5 1.5 3.5 1.5 Min Bandwidth (MHz km) OFL 200 500 500 500 1500 500 EMB n.s. n.s. n.s. n.s. 2000 n.s. OM1, OM2, OM3 = ISO/IEC 11801 designations OFL = Overfilled Launch EMB = Effective Modal Bandwidth (also known as BW) 4 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 4 11/7/2006

Bandwidth Comparison of Multimode Fiber Types Effective Modal Bandwidth (MHz-km) 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000 750 500 Std 50 µm OM3 -Optimized 10G 50 µm OM3+ 4700 MHz-km -Optimized 10G 50 µm 62.5 µm 250 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Wavelength () 1600 5 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 5 11/7/2006

Shift from 62.5um to 50um 100% North American Product Mix Trend 90% 80% % Volume 70% 60% 50% 40% 62.5 um 50um-Total OM3 30% 20% 10% 0% 2001-Q1 2001-Q2 2001-Q3 2001-Q4 2002-Q1 2002-Q2 2002-Q3 2002-Q4 2003-Q1 2003-Q2 2003-Q3 2003-Q4 2004-Q1 2004-Q2 2004-Q3 2004-Q4 2005-Q1 2005-Q2 2005-Q3 2005-Q4 2006-Q1 2006-Q2 Year/Quarter 50um Mix quadrupled in 5+ years. 10G Optimized (OM3) fiber ~ 20% of total and ~45% of all 50um. Source: Burroughs MM Report, Q2 2006 6 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 6 11/7/2006

Multimode is the Preferred Choice for Distances up to 1000 meters (1G) and 550 meters (10G) Source Multimode Detector Source Single-mode Detector + Low cost lasers + Easy transmitter packaging + Low cost connectors + Lower installation cost - Higher fiber cost + Lower system cost! - Higher loss, lower bandwidth - Distance up to 550m Best for: Premises, Data Center, CO - Higher cost 1310 lasers - Complex transmitter packaging - Higher cost connectors - Higher installation cost + Lower fiber cost - Higher system cost + Lower loss, higher bandwidth + Distance to 40 km Best for: WAN, MAN, Access, Campus 7 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 7 11/7/2006

Full Spectrum Zero-Water Peak Singlemode Fiber Recommended for > 550 meters (at 10G) and > 1000 meters (at 1G) Full Spectrum Loss (db/km) 1.2 O wavelength E () S C L U 0.9 Std F 0.6 0.3 ZWP F CWDM 0 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 1500 1600 Wavelength () 1650 No attenuation increase in E-band = 50% more bandwidth than conventional F Enables Full Spectrum CWDM: 16 Wavelengths @ 20 spacing G.652D compliant, 12% lower loss at 1400 than LWP fiber The standard for new campus, access and metro deployments 8 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 8 11/7/2006

1 & 10 Gb/s Optical Modules Fiber Type vs. Reach (meters) Transceiver Designation Wavelength 62.5 um (OM1) Std 50 um (OM2) LO 50 um (OM3) (OS1) 1000Base-SX 1000Base-LX Serial VCSEL 1300 Serial 275 550 1,000 NA 550 1 550 1 600 10,000 10GBase-SR 33 82 300 NA Serial VCSEL 10GBase-LX4 1300 300 1 300 1 300 10,000 CWDM 10GBase-LR 1300 NA NA NA 10,000 Serial 10GBase-LRM 1300 220 1 220 1 220 NA Serial w/ EDC 1 Mode Conditioning Patch-cords required 9 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 9 11/7/2006

Optical System Cost Comparison (Estimated) Building Backbone 1G in 2006, upgrade to 10G in 2010 15 Floor Building $150,000 $125,000 10G LX4 10G LRM 10G LR 10G LR 10 G Optical Modules $100,000 cabling upgrade $75,000 10G SR Mode conditioning cords $50,000 $25,000 $0 1G SX 1G SX 1G SX 1G LX 1G SX 1 G Modules Initial Cabling System Std MM, 1G & 10G (LX4) Std MM, 1G & 10G (LRM) Std MM 1G, 10G, 1G & 10G LO (OM3) 50um, 1G & 10G Optimized (OM3) fiber based system saves $48K $62K in this example 10 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 10 11/7/2006

Multimode Fiber Light Signal (pulse) travels along many modes, or paths. Pulse spreading occurs due to Modal Dispersion, or DMD (Differential Mode Delay) Pulse spreading limits Bandwidth (transmission carrying capacity) Input Pulse Output Pulse 1 0 1 0 1 1???? 12 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 12 11/7/2006 Excessive Pulse Spreading = Intersymbol Interference (ISI) = Bit Errors

Refractive Index Profile Cladding Core An optimized Refractive Index Profile minimizes DMD and maximizes Bandwidth. Equalizes arrival times of all the modes. Refractive Index Profile (Graded Index) n n = index of refraction 13 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 13 11/7/2006

Quality of Refractive Index Profile affects Modal Dispersion & DMD, and consequently the fiber s Bandwidth, or transmission speed 0.02 0.018 0.016 0.014 Graded Index Profiles Delta N 0.012 0.01 0.008 0.006 0.004 0.002 0 Conventional Fiber Optimized Fiber -30-20 -10 0 10 20 30 radius (um) 14 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 14 11/7/2006

Optimized Fibers Solve Dispersion Issues Received Pulses at End of Fiber Clad 10 Gb/s Bit Period 10 Gb/s Bit Period Core 0 1 0 Optimized Fiber??? Conventional MM Fiber DMD is Minimized 15 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 15 11/7/2006

LEDs vs. s LED Light Emitting Diode Large spot size Applications up to 622 Mb/s and 1300 (multimode) 10 and 100 Mb/s Ethernet, 155 and 622 Mb/s ATM Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Small, or narrow spot size Several different types DFB, FP, VCSEL, etc. Low cost versions are VCSELs (multimode) Higher cost 1300 & 1550 versions are DFB and FP (typically singlemode) 1 Gb/s through 40 Gb/s. 1 and 10 Gb/s Ethernet, 2.5 Gb/s WDM & parallel arrays, 40 Gb/s SONET, etc. 16 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 16 11/7/2006

Light Emitting Diodes vs. Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting s LED (up to 622 Mbps) LED Overfills core - excites all modes. Bandwidth performance dependant on all modes. Uniform, consistent power profile. Repeatable. Encircled Power 3D Power map VCSEL (1 or 10 Gbps) Underfills core. Non-uniform, fluctuating, non-repeatable power profile. 17 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 17 11/7/2006 Bandwidth dependant on which modes happen to carry power.

DMD Testing (per TIA FOTP-220) Essentially measures Refractive Index variations on Bandwidth DMD Scanning Process Clad High Speed Detector DMD Scan Example DMD Core 21 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 21 11/7/2006

Enterprise Network Structured Cabling System Architectures Enterprise (or Premises) Network Customer owned Commercial or Industrial buildings 1991: TIA 568 standard ratified Hierarchical star architecture Optimized for copper performance characteristics & limitations 100 meter horizontal cabling subsystem limit 1995: TSB-72 Centralized Fiber Optic Guidelines 2001: TIA 568-B.1 supports centralized fiber (FTTD) 2005: TIA 569-B & 568-B.1, Addendum 5 supports Telecom Enclosure (TE) 23 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 23 11/7/2006

Legacy Hierarchical Star Architecture Current TIA/EIA-568-B Standard Defines 7 Subsystems Work Area Horizontal Telecom Room Backbone Entrance Facilities Equipment Room Administration 24 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 24 11/7/2006

Hierarchical Star, Optimized for UTP Copper (100 Meter Limit) Electronics TELECOMMUNICATIONS HORIZONTAL ROOM CROSS CONNECT HORIZONTAL OUTLET PATCH CORD PC WORK AREA ACTIVE EQUIPMENT Electronics L O W C O U N T R IS E R S H I G R H IS C E O R U S N T MAIN CROSS CONNECT PATCH CORDS ACTIVE EQUIPMENT PATCH CORDS Electronics EQUIPMENT ROOM 25 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 25 11/7/2006 5

Centralized Fiber, Designed for Fiber (300 Meters) No Electronics Electronics TELECOMMUNICATIONS SPLICE OR ROOM INTERCONNECT HORIZONTAL OUTLET PATCH CORD PC WORK AREA IO H I G H C O U N T R I S E R S SINGLE POINT CROSS CONNECT HOME RUNS HOME RUNS PATCH CORDS ACTIVE EQUIPMENT PATCH CORDS Electronics EQUIPMENT ROOM 26 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 26 11/7/2006

Centralized Cabling Cost & Performance Advantages Covered by TIA/EIA 568 B.1 Supports link lengths of 300 m Replace horizontal cross connects with pull through or home run cables However, 90m limit! Improves port & chassis utilization Enables centralized management Enables fewer/smaller TRs Lowers installed first facility costs and lifetime operating costs however hardware and cabling expensive 27 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 27 11/7/2006

Fiber to the Telecom Enclosure (TE), Moves fiber closer to user Electronics TELECOMMUNICATIONS SPLICE or ROOM INTERCONNECT Mini Switch OUTLET PATCH CORD PC WORK AREA Telecom Enclosures HORIZONTAL L O W C O U N T R IS E R S H I G R H IS C E O R U S N T MAIN CROSS CONNECT PATCH CORDS ACTIVE EQUIPMENT PATCH CORDS Electronics EQUIPMENT ROOM 28 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 28 11/7/2006 5

Fiber to the Telecommunication Enclosure (FTTE) A New Option for Structured Cabling Systems TIA-569 Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces Defines the telecom enclosure (TE) TIA-568-B.1, Addendum 5 Telecommunications Cabling for Telecommunications Enclosures Defines the cabling implementation 29 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 29 11/7/2006

TIA Fiber Optics LAN Section (FOLS) Founded in 1993 A Section of the TIA s Fiber Optics Division. Mission: To educate system designers, architects, consultants, engineers, contractors, end users and the media about the technical advantages that optical transmission brings to customer-owned networks. FOLS also stimulates the development of new fiber standards and the promotion of optical-based applications in customer-owned networks. Members include: 3M, ADC, Berk-Tek, a Nexans Company, Corning, Corning Cable Systems, Draka- Comteq, Leviton Voice & Data, OFS, Ortronics/Legrand, Panduit, Sumitomo Electric Lightwave, Tyco Electronics 30 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 30 11/7/2006

Fiber Cable (no splice or interconnect needed) Assumptions - Minimum Requirements 8 Floors with Active End User Ports 54 Active End User Ports per Floor 1 Gigabit Uplink per 12 100Fx/TX Switch Ports (ie. 2 Gigabit Uplinks per 24 Port Switch) 1 Gigabit Server Port per 48 End Users Multiple 6 Strand Fiber Plenum Cables 80m length 2 Port (min) Patch Panel with 3 SFF, LC Jacks or Plug Assy s Cat6 Patch Cord, 1m length 8 Port (min) Cat6 Patch Panel Telecom Room (TR) Room could be smaller than TIA recommended size Eighth Floor Floors 1-7 Typical Telecom Enclosure (TE) Workstation, Telephone or other IP Device with 10/100TX NIC Cat6 Patch Cord, 3m length Fiber Patch Cord SC-LC 1m Length Managed Mini-Switch, (8) 10/100TX Ports and (1) 1000BaseSX Uplink 2 Cat6 Cables, 15m Length 2 Port Faceplate with Cat6 Jacks Workstation, Telephone or other IP Device with 10/100TX NIC Cat6 Patch Cord, 3m lengt FTTE Fiber Closer to the User Fiber Patch Panels with SFF, LC Jack or Plug Assy s Fiber Patch Cords 3m length LC to MTRJ Core-Class Switch with 1000BaseSX Backbone Ports and 1000BaseTX Server Ports 31 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 31 11/7/2006 Main Equipment Room (ER) Main Floor

Thank you.. Factory Tour at OFS optical fiber manufacturing facility today at 4:00 pm Sign-up required by end of lunch at OFS exhibit table 33 Copyright 2006 Fitel USA Corp., All rights reserved. Page 33 11/7/2006