EVE WORKSHOP A practical introduction to the Extensible VAX Editor (2nd Edition)

EVE WORKSHOP A practical introduction to the Extensible VAX Editor (2nd Edition) Adrian P Robson The University of Northumbria at Newcastle 26 March, 1994 c 1994, 2011 A. P. Robson

Abstract A short workshop introducing the standard VAX VMS editor. A basic familiarity with the VMS operating system is assumed. Some advanced EVE features are introduced, but these do not have to be fully assimilated for the workshop to be of use to the casual EVE user. (This workshop applies to version 2.6 of EVE.)

Contents 1 Getting Started 1 1.1 Introduction............................ 1 1.2 Entering and leaving EVE.................... 2 1.2.1 The EXIT command................... 2 1.2.2 The WRITE command.................. 2 1.2.3 The QUIT command................... 2 1.3 Mistakes.............................. 3 1.4 Practical exercise......................... 3 2 Text and the Keyboard 5 2.1 Entering text........................... 5 2.2 Keyboard overview........................ 5 2.3 Help facility............................ 7 2.4 Practical exercise......................... 7 3 Navigation 8 3.1 Simple methods.......................... 8 3.2 Directional Methods....................... 8 3.2.1 Search and move direction................ 8 3.2.2 MOVE BY LINE..................... 9 3.2.3 FIND........................... 9 3.2.4 Wildcard FIND...................... 10 3.3 Other Methods.......................... 10 3.3.1 MARK and GO TO................... 10 3.3.2 LINE............................ 10 3.3.3 WHAT LINE....................... 11 3.4 Practical exercise......................... 11 4 Replacing and Moving Text 13 4.1 Insert and Overstrike Modes................... 13 4.2 Deleting Text........................... 13 i

CONTENTS ii 4.2.1 Characters......................... 13 4.2.2 Words........................... 13 4.2.3 Lines............................ 14 4.3 SELECT methods......................... 14 4.3.1 Deleting text....................... 14 4.3.2 Moving text........................ 14 4.3.3 Copying text....................... 15 4.4 Text boxes............................. 15 4.5 Replacing text strings...................... 15 4.6 Practical exercise......................... 16 5 Text Management 17 5.1 Margins and Paragraphs..................... 17 5.1.1 SET LEFT MARGIN.................. 17 5.1.2 SET RIGHT MARGIN.................. 18 5.1.3 FILL PARAGRAPH................... 18 5.1.4 SET PARAGRAPH INDENT.............. 18 5.2 Text Features........................... 19 5.2.1 CENTER LINE...................... 19 5.2.2 LOWERCASE WORD.................. 19 5.2.3 UPPERCASE WORD.................. 19 5.2.4 CAPITALIZE WORD.................. 19 5.3 Practical exercise......................... 19 6 Split Screens 21 6.1 Windows and Buffers....................... 21 6.2 Controlling Windows....................... 22 6.2.1 SPLIT WINDOW..................... 22 6.2.2 SHRINK and ENLARGE................ 22 6.2.3 OTHER.......................... 22 6.2.4 WINDOW......................... 22 6.2.5 ONE............................ 22 6.2.6 GET............................ 22 6.2.7 QUIT, EXIT and WRITE................ 23 6.2.8 SHOW BUFFER..................... 23 6.2.9 SHOW........................... 23 6.2.10 DELETE BUFFER.................... 24 6.3 Viewing Wide Files........................ 24 6.3.1 SHIFT LEFT and SHIFT RIGHT............ 24 6.3.2 SET WIDTH....................... 24 6.4 Practical exercise......................... 25

CONTENTS iii 7 Text From Other Files 26 7.1 Complete files........................... 26 7.2 Part of another file........................ 26 7.3 Practical exercise......................... 27 8 Advanced Features 29 8.1 LEARN.............................. 29 8.2 DCL................................ 29 8.3 Practical exercise......................... 30 9 Customizing EVE 31 9.1 The EVE initialisation file.................... 31 9.2 Changing EVE In Flight.................... 32 9.3 Changing the keyboard...................... 32 9.3.1 SET KEYPAD...................... 32 9.3.2 DEFINE KEY...................... 33 9.3.3 Key names......................... 33 9.4 The GOLD key.......................... 33 9.4.1 UNDEFINE KEY..................... 33

Chapter 1 Getting Started This workshop is based on EVE version 2.6 1.1 Introduction The manipulation of text files is vital in a program development environment. For example, to create and modify: Source code. Command files. Documentation and notes. To do this we need an interactive text editor, the programmer s word processor. A typical editor will allow us to: Create a text file. Move through and look at the contents of a text file. Locate specific text strings within a file. Modify a file by: Inserting and deleting text. Replacing specific strings in all or part of a file. Moving or copying sections of a file. Copying all or part of another text file into the file you are editing. In addition, we will expect the editor to be easy and safe to use. The Digital VAX/VMS editor is EVE, the Extensible VAX Editor. 1

CHAPTER 1. GETTING STARTED 2 1.2 Entering and leaving EVE To gain access to EVE you type the following command at the DCL level, after the system prompt: EVE filename ( or EDIT/TPU filename ) To leave EVE when you have finished use EXIT or QUIT. 1.2.1 The EXIT command Use this to create a new file or another version of an existing one: 1. Press EXIT, (F10) or Ctrl/Z. The file (buffer) being edited is saved. If more than one file is being edited you will be asked if you wish to save the others. 1.2.2 The WRITE command Use this to save the file without leaving EVE. 1. Press DO 2. Enter WRITE 3. Press RETURN The WRITE command creates a new version of the file. VMS may maintain a fixed number of file versions (e.g. 3 versions). In this case, the original version of the file can eventually be overwritten. The WRITE command can be used with a file name. Important: Do not use SAVE. 1.2.3 The QUIT command Use this to terminate EVE without creating a new file. 1. Press DO 2. Enter QUIT

CHAPTER 1. GETTING STARTED 3 3. Press RETURN Any changes made to the files being edited (since the last WRITE command) will be lost. If any files have been changed, you are asked to confirm the quit operation. 1.3 Mistakes Avoid problems by: Regularly saving your work so far, using the WRITE command. Do not stay in the editor all day. If you do make a catastrophic mistake:!!! DON T PANIC!!! If you use EXIT by mistake, just delete the latest version of the files involved. If the editor or system crashes, re-enter the editor with the recover qualifier when it becomes convenient to use EVE again: EVE/RECOVER filename EVE maintains files with a type of TPU$JOURNAL to support recovery. Do not edit these files directly. They can be deleted if you are sure that recovery is not required. 1.4 Practical exercise This exercise demonstrates the EXIT and QUIT commands. Start from the VMS prompt: 1. Enter EVE TEST.TXT This starts an EVE session. TEST.TXT does not exist so a new file is created. Notice the format of the screen, in particular the information line at the bottom of the screen.

CHAPTER 1. GETTING STARTED 4 (a) Enter some text from the keyboard. Any text will do. (b) Now attempt to quit EVE. The file has been changed, so you are asked for confirmation. If you agree to quit, then TEST.TXT will not be created. You do not want to quit EVE, so reply with an N to continue editing. (c) Now EXIT the editor. This will return you to VMS. Display your directory (use DIR ). You can see that TEST.TXT has been created. 2. Enter EVE TEST.TXT The file exists, so it is displayed on the screen when EVE starts. (a) Modify the file by adding some text. (b) Now Quit EVE. This time reply Y to abandon your changes. You are returned to VMS. Display your directory. You will notice that a new file has not been created. 3. Enter EVE TEST.TXT Notice that the file has not changed. (a) Modify the file again, by adding some text. (b) Now exit EVE. You are returned to VMS. Confirm that the file has been modified with: TYPE TEST.TXT (the changed file) TYPE TEST.TXT;-1 (the previous version)

Chapter 2 Text and the Keyboard 2.1 Entering text Once you are in EVE, text can be entered directly from the keyboard: Anything you type will be entered at the cursor position on the screen. The RETURN key starts a new line. When data is being entered EVE normally automatically starts a new line when required. The DELETE key (above the RETURN key) erases the character to the left of the cursor. A line can be split by placing the cursor at the required point and then pressing the RETURN key. Two lines can be joined by placing the cursor at the start of the second line and then pressing the DELETE key. If a line, thus constructed is too long to fit on the screen this is indicated by a diamond character at the end of the line. See the FILL command for the removal of overflowing lines. 2.2 Keyboard overview Most of the material in this section will be covered in more detail later. The DEC keyboard is divided into the following sections: 5

CHAPTER 2. TEXT AND THE KEYBOARD 6 1. Main alphanumeric keyboard, which is used for data entry. There are some useful control key sequences available. For these, hold the Ctrl key down while the other key is being pressed: Ctrl/B Ctrl/E Ctrl/H Ctrl/L Ctrl/R Ctrl/U Ctrl/W Ctrl/Z Ctrl/C Used with the RECALL command Go to end of line Go to start of line Insert page break Used with the LEARN command (see below) Erase start of line Refresh screen EXIT NEVER USE THIS IN EVE 2. The function keys. These are along the top of the keyboard. Important keys are: F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 EXIT forward / reverse toggle move by line erase word insert / overstrike toggle Other function keys may be defined as site extensions. 3. The keypad. This is immediately right of the main keyboard. These keys are: The Cursor control keys, PREV SCREEN, NEXT SCREEN and FIND are used for moving around the file being edited. SELECT, REMOVE and INSERT HERE are used for changing the file being edited. HELP gives information about the numeric keyboard. DO is used for entering EVE commands. Pressing DO twice repeats the last command. 4. The numeric keypad. This is on the far right of the keyboard. This can be defined as: A numeric keyboard. A standard application s keypad (e.g. EDT or WPS). Its keys can be individually defined (see below).

CHAPTER 2. TEXT AND THE KEYBOARD 7 2.3 Help facility For Information on the numeric keypad: 1. Press HELP For information about EVE commands: 1. Press DO 2. Enter HELP 3. Press RETURN A list of topics is displayed. 4. Use PREV SCREEN and NEXT SCREEN keys to move through the topics. 5. Enter a topic 6. Press RETURN When a topic title is known, it can be entered directly: 1. Press DO 2. Enter HELP topic 3. Press RETURN 2.4 Practical exercise This exercise looks at EVE s help facility. Start from an EVE edit screen: 1. Press the HELP key. A diagram of the numeric keypad will be displayed. Return to the edit screen. 2. Enter the HELP command. (a) Scroll down and up the large selection of topics (b) Chose one and display its help information. (c) Return the EVE edit screen and quit.

Chapter 3 Navigation 3.1 Simple methods The cursor can be moved around the file being edited in a few simple ways: Cursor keys These are up, down, left and right. They move the cursor a character or line at a time. PREV SCREEN and NEXT SCREEN keys Use these to move up or down the file a screen-full at a time. Use these keys instead of the cursor keys if possible. TOP and BOTTOM commands These move the cursor directly to the top or bottom of the file: 1. Press DO 2. Enter BOTTOM or TOP 3. Press RETURN 3.2 Directional Methods 3.2.1 Search and move direction A number of useful navigation commands are effected by EVE s move direction. The current direction is displayed at the bottom of the screen (window). F11 controls the direction. Pressing this key reverses the direction. The direction can be forward or reverse (relative to the cursor position). 8

CHAPTER 3. NAVIGATION 9 The direction is used by: FIND MOVE BY LINE 3.2.2 MOVE BY LINE This moves the cursor to the start or end of a line. 1. Press F12 The outcome depends on the move direction: Forward Move to end of line. If the cursor is already at the end of a line, then move to the end of the next line. Reverse Move to start of line. If the cursor is already at the start of a line, then move to the start of the previous line. (Sometimes says already at start of line. ) 3.2.3 FIND This searches through current file for a text string. 1. Press FIND 2. Enter search string 3. Press RETURN The cursor goes to the next occurrence of the specified string, in the search direction. To locate the next occurrence of the same string press the FIND key twice. You will be told if the string cannot be found: If the string is not found in the search direction, but can be found in the other direction: You will be asked if you wish to continue. A reply of Y, for yes, reverses the search direction and locates the string.

CHAPTER 3. NAVIGATION 10 3.2.4 Wildcard FIND GOLD (PF1)... FIND can be used to perform wildcard searches. Some wildcard characters are: * any number of characters % a single character For example, %b* will find any word with the second letter b. Use the SHOW WILDCARD command to find out more about wildcard characters. Warning: PF1 is not always defined as GOLD. See page 33 for more information on the gold key. 3.3 Other Methods 3.3.1 MARK and GO TO These commands allow the current cursor position to be marked and returned to later. 1. Place cursor on the area to be marked. 2. Press DO 3. Enter MARK markname 4. Press RETURN Where markname is any character or word. It can include numbers, but not spaces. To return to the mark later: 1. Press DO 2. Enter GO TO markname 3. Press RETURN Marks are not remembered when you leave EVE. 3.3.2 LINE To go to a specific line in a file. 1. Press DO 2. Enter LINE number 3. Press RETURN

CHAPTER 3. NAVIGATION 11 3.3.3 WHAT LINE This gives the number of the line that the cursor is on, relative to the start of the file. 1. Press DO 2. Enter WHAT LINE 3. Press RETURN 3.4 Practical exercise This exercise looks at moving through text in an EVE session. 1. Edit TEST1.TXT and enter the following text: This is a file of text. It will be used in the third practical of this workshop. The topic of this workshop is the EVE editor. EVE is a DEC product. 2. Save this text using the WRITE command. 3. Move around the file using the cursor keys and the TOP and BOTTOM commands. Use Ctrl/E and Ctrl/H to move to the start and end of a line. 4. Split the text such that each sentence begins on a new line. 5. Go to the top of the file and use MOVE BY LINE to go down the file. Now use MOVE BY LINE to go up the file. 6. Use FIND to locate every occurrence of is. 7. Place a mark at the start of the last sentence. Move to the top of the file and return to the mark using GO TO. 8. Use LINE to move to the second line in the file. 9. Restore the text to its original form, shown in step 1, without leaving EVE. 10. Use Ctrl/U to remove the first sentence and the DELETE key to remove the last sentence.

CHAPTER 3. NAVIGATION 12 11. Assume that steps 3 to 10 were mistakes. Correct this by leaving EVE with the QUIT command.

Chapter 4 Replacing and Moving Text 4.1 Insert and Overstrike Modes The mode is displayed at the bottom of the screen (window). It can be changed by pressing F14. In overstrike mode typed characters overwrite existing text. In insert mode typed characters are incorporated into the text at the cursor. 4.2 Deleting Text 4.2.1 Characters To delete characters, use the DELETE key (above RETURN ): Pressing this key removes the character before the cursor. When the cursor is at the start of a line, that line is appended to the previous line. 4.2.2 Words To delete words, use F13 : Place the cursor on the required word and then press F13. When the cursor is at the end of a line, the next line is appended to the current line. 13

CHAPTER 4. REPLACING AND MOVING TEXT 14 4.2.3 Lines To delete lines: 1. Position the cursor on the line to be deleted. 2. Press DO 3. Enter ERASE LINE 4. Press RETURN 4.3 SELECT methods 4.3.1 Deleting text 1. Place the cursor at the start of the text to be deleted. 2. Press SELECT 3. Move the cursor to the end of the text to be deleted. The selected text will be highlighted. 4. Press REMOVE 4.3.2 Moving text 1. Use SELECT and REMOVE to delete the required text. 2. Move the cursor to the new location for the text. 3. Press INSERT HERE The deleted text will be inserted before the cursor. All page and line breaks in the moved text will be preserved. (See the FILL command if the text needs tidying up). Steps 2 and 3 may be repeated to insert multiple copies of the text.

CHAPTER 4. REPLACING AND MOVING TEXT 15 4.3.3 Copying text 1. Use SELECT and REMOVE to delete the required text. 2. Press INSERT HERE to replace the text. 3. Move the cursor to the new location for the copied text. 4. Press INSERT HERE 4.4 Text boxes The operations controlled by SELECT, REMOVE and INSERT keys are line based. They cannot be used to move columns of text narrower than a complete line. Boxes of text (i.e. columns) can be moved using the commands: BOX SELECT BOX CUT BOX PASTE These commands are not implemented in some versions of EVE. Use help for details of the box commands on your system. The practical exercise on page 30 explores them. 4.5 Replacing text strings To replace occurrences of an existing string with a new string: 1. Press DO 2. Enter REPLACE "old" "new" 3. Press RETURN The first occurrence of old will be highlighted and you will be ask how to proceed. You can reply: Y Replace with the new string and then move to the next occurrence of the old string. N No replacement but move to the next occurrence of the old string.

CHAPTER 4. REPLACING AND MOVING TEXT 16 A Replace this occurrence and all subsequent ones. L Replace this occurrence and then stop. Q Stop immediately. Do not replace this occurrence of the old string. If the strings are left out of the REPLACE command, you will be asked for them. 4.6 Practical exercise This exercise explores the SELECT command. 1. First, make a copy of TEST1.TXT with the VMS command COPY TEST1.TXT TEST2.TXT then edit TEST2.TXT 2. Create 10 copies of the text as separate paragraphs. Use the PREV SCREEN and NEXT SCREEN keys to scroll through the file. 3. In the first paragraph, change all the occurrences is to was. Then change DEC to VMS throughout the file. 4. In the second paragraph, put a copy of the first sentence at the end of the paragraph. 5. Swap the first and second paragraphs. 6. Finally, to identify the file later, insert This is test 2 at the top of the file. 7. Exit EVE.

Chapter 5 Text Management 5.1 Margins and Paragraphs Changing margins and paragraph indentation does not modify existing text. It only effects: Text entered after the change. The operation of the FILL command. 5.1.1 SET LEFT MARGIN This command sets the left margin. 1. Press DO 2. Enter SET LEFT margin 3. Press RETURN Where margin is the location of the left margin: This is specified in characters, counted from the left of the screen. The standard setting is 1. 17

CHAPTER 5. TEXT MANAGEMENT 18 5.1.2 SET RIGHT MARGIN This command sets the right margin. 1. Press DO 2. Enter SET RIGHT margin 3. Press RETURN Where margin is the location of the right margin: This is specified in characters, counted from the left of the screen. The standard setting is 79. 5.1.3 FILL PARAGRAPH This command formats the current paragraph. A paragraph is any block of text bounded by blank lines at the top and bottom: 1. Place the cursor anywhere in a paragraph. 2. Press DO 3. Enter FILL 4. Press RETURN The text is placed between the left and right margins. The minimum number of lines are used. 5.1.4 SET PARAGRAPH INDENT This command sets the first line indent for paragraph formatting. 1. Press DO 2. Enter SET PARA IN indent 3. Press RETURN Where indent is the indentation of the first line: It is given in characters, from the left margin. If there is room in the left margin, a negative indent can be used. The standard setting is 0.

CHAPTER 5. TEXT MANAGEMENT 19 5.2 Text Features These commands are all preceded by pressing DO and followed by pressing RETURN. 5.2.1 CENTER LINE This command centres the current line between the left and right margins. 5.2.2 LOWERCASE WORD This command converts all selected text to lower case. If text has not been selected, then the current word is converted and the cursor moved to the next word. 5.2.3 UPPERCASE WORD This command converts all selected text to upper case. If text has not been selected, then the current word is converted and the cursor moved to the next word. 5.2.4 CAPITALIZE WORD This command capitalise the first character of all the words in selected text. If text has not been selected, then the current word is converted and the cursor moved to the next word. 5.3 Practical exercise This exercise looks at the text features of EVE. 1. Edit TEST1.TXT 2. Choose a paragraph. Join the first two lines. Some text should be lost off the right hand side of the screen. Randomly split some of the other lines. Use FILL to format the paragraph. 3. Set the left margin to 10 and the right margin to 60. Position the cursor in a paragraph and use the FILL command.

CHAPTER 5. TEXT MANAGEMENT 20 4. Change the paragraph indentation and enter some text to see the effect. 5. Experiment with the commands described in TEXT FEATURES above. 6. Leave EVE with EXIT.

Chapter 6 Split Screens 6.1 Windows and Buffers EVE allows you to edit multiple files at the same time: You can simultaneously display two files in separate windows. It is possible to display up to eleven files but for practical purposes two or three are normal. A window displays a buffer. The buffer s name is shown on the bottom line of the window. A buffer usually holds a file. Normally, a buffer has the same name as the file is holds. Many buffers can be open during an EVE session. window buffer file buffer file buffer file buffer When you enter EVE a single window is opened: This displays a buffer holding the file specified in the EVE command. If a file is not specified in the EVE command, a buffer called MAIN is opened that has no associated file. In this case, it is easiest to QUIT and re-enter EVE specifying a file. 21

CHAPTER 6. SPLIT SCREENS 22 6.2 Controlling Windows The following commands are used to control windows. (Remember DO before and RETURN after): 6.2.1 SPLIT WINDOW Splits the current window screen into two: The current buffer is displayed in both windows. They can be scrolled independently. Changes in one window will occur in the other because the same buffer is being displayed. 6.2.2 SHRINK and ENLARGE Change the size of the current window. SHRINK number ENLARGE number These makes the window smaller or larger by number lines. 6.2.3 OTHER Move the cursor to the next window. The window that holds the cursor is the current window. 6.2.4 WINDOW Closes the current window. The buffer is still present. It can be displayed by using the SHOW BUFFER command and selecting that buffer (see below). 6.2.5 ONE Return the display to one window. The current window is retained. 6.2.6 GET Load another file into the current window: This creates another buffer.

CHAPTER 6. SPLIT SCREENS 23 It can be used when only one window is displayed. See the OPEN and OPEN SELECTED commands in HELP. 6.2.7 QUIT, EXIT and WRITE The QUIT and EXIT commands take account of multiple buffers: They are always applied to the current buffer. When appropriate, you are asked about other buffers. The WRITE command saves only the current buffer without leaving EVE. 6.2.8 SHOW BUFFER This command is used to change the buffer displayed in the current window. To use it: 1. Press DO 2. Enter SHOW BUFF 3. Move the cursor to the required buffer. 4. Press the SELECT key When a buffer s name is known, it can be immediately displayed using: 1. Press DO 2. Enter BUFFER buffername 3. Press RETURN 6.2.9 SHOW This command gives detailed information about all the data buffers. Information includes input and output file names, width, margins and marks.

CHAPTER 6. SPLIT SCREENS 24 6.2.10 DELETE BUFFER This command closes the current buffer: If it has been changed, you are asked if you want to write its contents to a file. When a buffer is open it uses computer memory, so when you are editing or referencing a large number of files: Delete buffers when they are no longer needed. Most EVE users do not need this command because they never edit more than one or two files at the same time. 6.3 Viewing Wide Files It is sometimes necessary to view or edit files that are more than 80 columns wide. If a line is too long to fit on the screen, the visible end will be marked with a diamond character. 6.3.1 SHIFT LEFT and SHIFT RIGHT These commands move the horizontal position of the current window: Movement is specified as a number of columns. Movement is relative to the current position. The content and layout of the text being viewed is not affected. 6.3.2 SET WIDTH This command sets the width of the screen display: The width is specified as number of columns. Maximum width (on VT320 terminals) is 132 columns. Wide carriage computer listings have 132 columns. The standard setting is 80. In practice, widths other than 80 and 132 are of little use.

CHAPTER 6. SPLIT SCREENS 25 6.4 Practical exercise This exercise explores windows and buffers. 1. Edit TEST.TXT 2. Use multiple windows to view TEST.TXT and TEST1.TXT at the same time. 3. Return to one window on TEST.TXT 4. Use SHOW to check the buffers. 5. You should be editing TEST.TXT Now, edit TEST1.TXT, without leaving EVE 6. Use multiple windows to view TEST.TXT and TEST1.TXT at the same time. 7. OPTIONAL Experiment with SHIFT LEFT, SHIFT RIGHT and SET WIDTH. 8. Leave EVE.

Chapter 7 Text From Other Files 7.1 Complete files To merge a complete file into the current buffer: 1. Place the cursor where you want the file to be included. 2. Press DO 3. Enter INCLUDE filename 4. Press RETURN The file filename will be inserted word-for-word, before the cursor. The included file will not be changed. The contents of the included file will become part of the current buffer. If a file is being edited and that file is included. Any changes to the file (i.e. buffer) since the last WRITE will not be incorporated. 7.2 Part of another file To include part of another file use two windows: 1. Move to the window displaying the file to be updated. 2. Open new window: DO... SPLIT... RETURN 26

CHAPTER 7. TEXT FROM OTHER FILES 27 3. Move to new window: DO... OTHER... RETURN 4. Load file containing required text: DO... GET filename... RETURN 5. choose the section of text to be included: SELECT the required text 6. Delete it: REMOVE 7. Restore it: INSERT HERE 8. Go back to master file: DO... OTHER... RETURN 9. Move cursor to insert location. 10. Insert required text: INSERT HERE 11. Close other window: DO... ONE... RETURN For safety, the include file should not be written back to disk. If another part of the same file is needed later, use BUFFER filename instead of GET filename in step 4. 7.3 Practical exercise This practical demonstrates how to move text from one file to another. 1. Start an edit session with TEST1.TXT 2. Copy the first sentence of TEST.TXT to the end of TEST1.TXT using two windows.

CHAPTER 7. TEXT FROM OTHER FILES 28 3. Copy all of TEST.TXT into TEST1.TXT using the INCLUDE command. 4. Display TEST.TXT in the current window using the GET command. 5. Use the INCLUDE command to incorporate the file TEST1.TXT into TEST.TXT Note that there are differences between the included TEST1.TXT and TEST1.TXT in the editor after 4 above. 6. Leave EVE without saving changes.

Chapter 8 Advanced Features 8.1 LEARN The LEARN command is useful for repeating the same editing activity a number of times: 1. DO... LEARN... RETURN 2. Perform any editing. 3. CNTL/R 4. Press any unused function or numeric keypad key, say F9. 5. Pressing F9 will repeat editing in 2. The learn sequence is lost when you leave EVE. 8.2 DCL The DCL command allows you to communicate with VMS while you are still in EVE: 1. Press DO 2. DCL command 3. Press RETURN Where command can be any valid VMS command, including spaces. example, DCL DIR *.TXT For 29

CHAPTER 8. ADVANCED FEATURES 30 The screen will split to display a DCL window, where the response to the command is shown. You can enter the DCL window, using OTHER. You can scroll the DCL window and copy data from it into other windows. Use DELETE WINDOW or ONE to return to the file window and close the DCL window. You may inadvertently close the file window, leaving yourself in the DCL window. In this case, use SHOW BUFFER to return to your file window. Use BUFFER DCL to returned to the DCL buffer. You do not have to be in the DCL window to issue another DCL command. The DCL buffer is a system buffer. It is not shown when the SHOW or SHOW BUFFER commands are used. 8.3 Practical exercise The exercise looks at some of the more advanced features of EVE. 1. Use the learn feature to insert *** at the start of every line in TEST1.TXT. 2. While editing TEST1.TXT, use the DCL command to list the files in your current directory. 3. Copy a list of files in your current directory into the end of TEST1.TXT. 4. Use the box commands to move the column of *** to the right of the text. See page 15 for more information. 5. Leave EVE.

Chapter 9 Customizing EVE EVE can be customised in a number of ways: Use a file of EVE commands: Similar to COM files in VMS. They may contain any of the commands that you can enter after pressing the DO key. Each command must begin on a separate line. Comment lines begin with a! character. They can be used to define keys, set the keypad and set margins, etc. DO NOT USE section and command files: They use a lot of disk space. They require the use of the TPU language that EVE is written in. This is complicated. They are the domain of your organisation s Computer Department or Unit. 9.1 The EVE initialisation file This file holds a sequence of EVE commands. It is executed every time you enter EVE. There are a number of ways of identifying the initialisation file: A file called EVE$INIT.EVE can be placed in your root directory. 31

CHAPTER 9. CUSTOMIZING EVE 32 The logical name EVE$INIT can be defined as any file name. If a directory path is not given for this file, the current directory is searched first, before your root directory. An initialization qualifier can be used with the EVE DCL command. 9.2 Changing EVE In Flight Any file of EVE commands can be executed using the following sequence: 1. Press DO 2. Enter @name.type 3. Press RETURN Where name.type specifies a file of EVE commands. If type is omitted then the file name name.eve is assumed. 9.3 Changing the keyboard 9.3.1 SET KEYPAD Use this command to set-up the numeric keypad. There are a number of options. The most useful are: SET KEYPAD EDT gives a range of useful editing functions such as delete word. SET KEYPAD NUMERIC which is useful for data entry. SET KEYPAD WPS which is useful for word processing. All the key settings provided by SET KEYPAD can be overwritten with DEFINE KEY. There can be a problem. Some installations pre-define the keypad. In this case, keys have to be reset with UNDEFINE KEY to work (see below). This is a tedious process.

CHAPTER 9. CUSTOMIZING EVE 33 9.3.2 DEFINE KEY This command can be used to define the function and numeric keypad keys. Its format is: DEFINE KEY = keyname command Where keyname is the name of the key and command is an EVE command. 9.3.3 Key names F0 - F14 PF1 - PF4 minus KP0 - KP9 comma enter period 9.4 The GOLD key Some EVE operations need a GOLD key. To define PF1 as the GOLD key (the standard), use: SET GOLD KEY PF1 or SET KEY EDT The GOLD key can be removed with SET NOGOLD KEY 9.4.1 UNDEFINE KEY This command removes a definition previously given by a DEFINE KEY command. Its format is: UNDEFINE keyname The specified key returns to its standard use, its keypad setting or it becomes undefined.