BANDWIDTH EFFICIENT CELLULAR BACKHAUL SOLUTIONS

BANDWIDTH EFFICIENT CELLULAR BACKHAUL SOLUTIONS

LinkIP TM Cellular Solution Overview Backhaul solutions for CDMA, 2G & 3G GSM networks Built-in LinkShrink data compression engine gets 2:1 or better compression on VoIP packets Programmable E1 interface allows selective time slot drops Highly efficient Routed Multi-Destination (RMD) network architecture Star, mesh, and partial mesh connectivity LinkCast dynamically routed IP transport satellite looks like an Ethernet switch to the network LinkIPs provide WAN (satellite) to LAN (local switch) bridging and routing Combination of RMD and LinkShrink net 50% or better bandwidth savings over SCPC Superior to TDMA in terms of flexibility and scalability Lower overall capital costs than TDMA or SCPC solutions

What is LinkIP? Highly integrated link optimization and bandwidth management solution for satellite networks Multi application, multi-protocol LAN to WAN router Interfaces with a variety of devices Serial interface (RS-530, V.35) with satellite modems Ethernet interface with local network equipment E-1 interface for telephony / cellular applications Bandwidth savings achieved via: LinkShrink - integrated data compression engine LinkCast - multipoint dynamic routing over satellite SCAN bandwidth manager

LinkIP v3 Edge 1U Chassis in 1, 2, and 4 WAN port configurations

LinkIP v3 Core 2U chassis w/ 4, 8, 12, and 16 WAN port configurations

LinkIP - Satellite Networking Toolbox Tools for streamlining data transport Data compression tools Over-the-air transport tools IP packet routing tools

Each LinkIP tool has specific purpose LinkShrink Data Compression LinkCast over-the-air transport Multi-destination Networking Selective Timeslot D&I Router packet handling

Big Bandwidth Savings

Where are LinkSat Solutions in IP Stack? LinkSat products operate between transport and physical layers Network layer Routed Multidestination network architecture Advanced dynamic routing in multipoint network Link layer SCAN bandwidth manager automated BOD Layer 1.5 Between link and physical layers LinkShrink data compression LinkCast over-the-air transport

Where LinkSat Fits into the IP Stack: Between TRANSPORT and PHYSICAL Layers

Application layer: Players in Other Layers WAN optimizers - acceleration, compression, QoS Players include Expand, Riverbed, Cisco, Stampede Transport layer: SCPS, TCP spoofing, image downsampling players include: Xiplink, Skipware Physical (satellite) layer: higher order modulations (8PSK, 16QAM, 32APSK) Advanced FECs (TPC, LDPC, BCH) Digital carrier cancellation (Carrier-in-carrier, PCMA) Players include Comtech, Viasat, Paradise

LinkIP efficiency achieved via: Data compression engine LinkShrink Low overhead transport -- LinkCast Multi-destination routing

E1 Interface Interfaces directly with 2G & 2.5G base stations TDM IP conversion: network transport is IP Selective timeslot drop and insert can selectively drop timeslots at transmit end Reconstructs full E1 frame at distant end QoS over TDM Gracefully manages traffic spikes that exceed available bandwidth Can operate 2G and 3G BTS side-by-side

LinkIP 2G / 3G Interface E-1 Interface 2G / 2.5G BTS and BSC QoS over TDM feature manages traffic during peak periods Ethernet Interface for 3G / 4G BTS and RNC Interfaces with legacy BTS and modem equipment Side by side operation of 2G and 3G base stations Second Eth port for LAN IP data transport over network

LinkShrink Data Compression LinkSat s proprietary lossless, low latency data compression engine is integrated into LinkIP router Stream compression of both packet headers and payload Protocol independent compresses on basis of 1 s and 0 s only Compression ratio achieved depends on compressibility of data; multimedia IP data can typically be compressed 30-60% Payload compression levels can be adjusted to meet throughput latency requirements LinkIP can run multiple compression engines operating at different compression levels simultaneously E1 interface converts E1 to IP then feeds data to LinkShrink Drops empty time slots and reinserts them at distant end Runs output of E1 to IP converter straight to LinkShrink LinkShrink with E1 interface more efficient than A-bis optimizer Can achieve 4:1 or better overall compression of A-bis data

LinkCast TM Dynamic Routing LinkIP s unique layer 1.5 transport protocol enables dynamic routing within RMD architecture High efficiency low overhead Ethernet routable without Ethernet overhead Multiple layer 2.5 point-to-point links are shared over each broadcast carrier OSPF used as interior gateway protocol, and BGP used as exterior gateway protocol Allows automatic rerouting of traffic if a route fails Easy network configuration simply add new routes into local LinkIP and OPSF/BGP updates network routing tables Works in concert with LinkShrink compression

LinkCast Packet Structure

Routed Multi-Destination (RMD) Network Architecture LinkSat s unique, highly efficient networking scheme Allows both MESH and STAR network configurations Single outbound carrier transmitted from each site Outbound packets for entire network aggregated onto one carrier 10-20% bandwidth savings realized through statistical multiplexing of outbound IP traffic Single transmit carrier - no intermod products = smaller HPA s Multiple receive paths Multiple demodulators at each site, each tuned to an outbound carrier from another site Enables full or partial mesh networking LinkIP filters and routes packets at receive sites LinkCast - unique addressing scheme enables dynamic routing in RMD networks without Ethernet overhead

Network Architectures STAR Single IP outbound carrier from hub, up to 90 mb/s Traffic for all remote sites statistically multiplexed onto single outbound carrier broadcast by hub Remote sites filter packets received from hub SCPC or MCPC return links from remote sites, up to 10 mb/s Primarily thin route circuits, e.g. BTS-BSC links MESH Single hop remote-to-remote Each site transmits single outbound carrier Remotes can receive transmissions of other remotes by adding demodulator Primarily for trunk circuits between cities (MSC-MSC, MSC-BSC)

Routed Multi-Destination Meshed Trunking

Full Mesh Spectrum One outbound carrier per site One modulator and three demodulators at each site LinkIP routes packets bound for its LAN and discards the rest

Routed Multi-Destination STAR

Multiple Hub Operation

RMD STAR Spectrum Hub and spoke network Single outbound carrier from hub SCPC return channels from remotes Partial mesh with addition of demod at remote

Network Configurations Meshed Trunking Typically MSC to MSC trunks Routed multi-destination architecture w/ IP transport Single hop full mesh Star Thin-Route Large BTS to BSC networks Star network architecture Small earth station w/ single base station @ remotes All sites connect directly to hub

Meshed Trunking Highly efficient full mesh networking Bandwidth efficiency achieved via RMD architecture used in conjunction with LinkShrink compression Easily add new sites to mesh by adding sat demodulator to each existing site Efficiently transports VoIP, signaling, http, and intranet packets within same network Network packet types can be prioritized using LinkIP QoS and DiffServ capabilities Use of Softswitch in network enhances performance Signaling switched on different layer than VoIP Uses SIP or MGCP gateways

Meshed Trunking w/ Softswitch

LinkIP Statistics Screenshot

LinkIP Cellular Solution Advantages Achieves better bandwidth efficiency and savings than competing solutions Higher throughput than TDMA Higher overall bandwidth savings than SCPC carrier double illumination schemes without Power Equivalent Bandwidth problems Typical ROI is 3-9 months Superior performance and flexibility Outperforms TDMA for partial and full mesh networks Achieves true network dynamic routing for lower capex and opex costs than SCPC

LinkXX Advantages Value Proposition Minimize CAPEX expenditure - leverage existing assets by using existing modems and terminals Install LinkIP @ each site and double network throughput Reduce occupied bandwidth - OPEX savings Free up bandwidth for network expansion - Increase revenues IP-enable existing networks offer new services for further revenue enhancement WiFi and WiMax Internet services 3G data services for cellular operators

LinkSat Inc 3010 S Potter Dr Tempe AZ USA 85282 Ph +1 (602) 438-4717 Fax +1 (602) 438-4719 www.linksat.com sales@linksat.com