HP Network Node Manager 9: Getting Started Manage your network effectively with NNMi Marius Vilemaitis r PUBLISHING J enterprise BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI
Preface 1 Chapter 1: Before we Manage with NNMi 7 What can HP SW NNMi do for us? 8 Choosing the right edition 12 Understanding Smart Plug-ins (ispi) 14 ispi for Performance 15 ispi Performance for Metrics 15 ispi Performance for Traffic 18 ispi Network Engineering toolset 21 ispi diagnostics 21 Troubleshooting tools 22 Trap analytics 22 ispi IP Telephony 23 ispi for MPLS 25 ispi multicast 27 Server sizing considerations 29 How NNMi will impact my infrastructure 31 Traffic consumption by the monitoring tool 31 Security policy changes in your infrastructure 32 Data storage space for system backups 32 Infrastructure device naming convention 32 Licensing policy 33 Installing software 34 Prerequisite check 35 Installation process Post installation tasks Summary 35 38 39
Chapter 2: Discovering and Monitoring Your Network 41 Discovery in NNMi 41 How discovery works 42 Configuring communication protocols 47 What is a communication in NNMi? 48 What is the role of ICMP in NNMi? 48 What is the role of SNMP in NNMi? 49 How NNMi deals with overlapping SNMP community configuration 51 Best practices when configuring SNMP communities 51 Configuring SNMP community names in NNMi 52 Boosting up discovery with seeds 58 What are seeds? 58 How can discovery be boosted with seeds? 58 How to load seeds in NNMi 60 Limiting discovery with filters 62 What are discovery filters? 62 Why do we need discovery filters? 63 Filter configuration example 64 Examining discovery results 64 Stopping/starting managing of nodes, cards, or interfaces 70 What is a stop managing object? 70 Why we need to change the management mode? 71 How does it work? 71 Management mode change examples 74 Discovery examples 76 Example 1: Seed module 76 Example 2: Discover by IP address range and system Object ID 77 Rediscovering your network from scratch 79 State poller 80 What is state poller? 80 How does it work? 80 How to plan state polling 81 Example 84 Summary 88 Chapter 3: Configuring and Viewing Maps 89 Node groups 90 What are node groups? 90 Configuring node groups 91 Node group configuration example 95
Node group map configuration 99 What is node group map? 100 Configuring node group maps 101 Creating node groups in the command line 107 Viewing maps 108 Interface groups 111 Configuring interface groups 112 Path View map configuration 115 What is Path View? 115 Configuring Path View 116 Custom Path View an example 117 User interface configuration 119 Web browser settings 120 Configuring Mozilla Firefox to open a new tab 121 Configuring Internet Explorer to open a new tab 122 Configuring Internet Explorer title bar 124 Symbols 124 Summary 127 Chapter 4: Configuring Incidents 129 Introduction to incidents 130 How incidents enter a system 136 Configuring NNMi forwarding SNMP traps 137 Configuring SNMP trap incidents 141 Checking whether NNMi is receiving SNMP traps 147 Controlling the number of incoming SNMP traps 152 Configuring management events 155 Configuring NNM 6.x/7.x events 156 Tuning incidents 158 Pairwise 159 Deduplication 161 Rate 164 Interface settings 166 Node settings 169 Suppression 171 Enrichment 172 Dampening 175 Configuring automatic actions 176 Summary 178
Chapter 5: Controlling Access to NNMi 179 How access to NNMi works 179 NNMi roles 181 Assigning a role 181 Permissions for each role 182 Sign in access types 184 Control with NNMi 188 How it works 188 Creating a user 188 Changing a password 189 Changing user profile 189 Control with NNMi and Directory Service 190 How it works 190 Configuring Directory Service 190 Control with Directory Service 194 How it works 194 How to configure Directory Service 194 Configuring SSL to Directory Service 196 Command line access configuration tools 198 An example creating nnm.properties file 199 User activity audit 200 What is user activity 200 Sign in/sign out activity 201 User activity auditing 202 Summary 204 Chapter 6: Troubleshooting, Security, and Backup 205 Describing NNMi processes 206 Describing NNMi services 208 Using NNMi logging processes 212 NNMi logging levels 213 Adjusting logging parameters 214 Temporarily changing logging levels 214 Permanently changing logging levels 214 Changing the logging level configuration 214 Log file management 215 Ports used by NNMi 215 Troubleshooting tools 218 System information 218 Discovery state check 219 Health 220 Server 221 Database 222 State Poller 223
Table ofcontents Custom Poller 224 Extensions 224 Loading MIBs 225 Trimming incidents 226 Trimming Postgres database 229 Connecting to Postgres database 230 Recreating Postgres database 231 Environment variables 232 Unix-based operating system environment variables 232 Windows OS environment variables 234 Command security issues 238 Backing up NNMi 239 Backup types 240 Backup scope 241 Restoring NNMi 245 Same system restore 246 Different system restore 247 Backup and restore embedded database only 247 Restore system files only 248 Backup and restore strategies 248 Back up NNMi before making configuration changes 249 Back up NNMi before upgrading 249 Back up all data on a regular basis 250 Configuration migration 250 Import/export behavior and dependencies 253 Summary 261 Chapter 7: Application Failover and High Availability Solutions 263 Application Failover in NNMi 264 Application Failover overview 264 Configuring Application Failover 266 Disabling Application Failover 273 Application Failover administration 274 Restarting servers in Application Failover 275 Applying patches to NNMi with Application Failover 275 Recovery from a previous database in Application Failover (embedded database only) 278 Application Failover in multi-subnets (NNMi 8.x only) 279 Why multi-subnets are an issue 280 Before you configure in a multi-subnet environment 280 Configuring Application Failover for multi-subnets 281 Network bandwidth and latency requirements 282 ispi and Application Failover 283
NNMi in High Availability (HA) Server 285 HA concepts 286 NNMi-only cluster 287 NNMi with Oracle database cluster 287 NNMi with ispi cluster 288 NNMi with Oracle database and ispi cluster 288 Supported HA products 289 Licensing NNMi in HA cluster 289 Configuring HA 290 Prerequisites to configuring NNMi for HA 290 NNMi certificate configuration for HA 291 Configuring NNMi for HA 291 Configuring NNMi for HA in an Oracle environment 297 Configuring NNM ispis for HA 298 NNM ispi for MPLS, ispi for Multicast, and ispi for IP Telephony 298 NNM ispi for Performance: Metrics, Traffic, or QA 298 NNM ispi Network Engineering Toolset on NNMi running under HA 299 Upgrading NNMi in HA from 8.0xto8.13 299 Configuration reference 302 NNMi HA configuration files 302 NNM ispi for performance HA configuration files 303 NNMi HA provided configuration scripts 303 NNMi HA configuration log files 304 NNM ispi for Performance HA log files 305 Summary 306 Chapter 8: Navigating Console and Learning Network Inventory 307 Navigating console 308 Workspaces 312 Incident Management 313 Topology Maps 314 Monitoring 315 Troubleshooting 317 Inventory 318 Management Mode 319 Incident Browsing 321 Integration Module Configuration 322 Configuration 324 Tools menu 326 File 327 Tools 327 Actions 330 Help 333
Navigating network inventory and accessing details 334 Topology maps 336 Node group overview 336 Network overview 337 Networking infrastructure devices 338 Routers 338 Switches 339 Node inventory 339 List of nodes 339 Interfaces 341 IP addresses 343 IP subnets 344 VLANs 345 Working with MIBs 346 Checking supported MIBs 346 Checking loaded MIBs 348 Loaded MIBs view 348 Listing loaded MIBs using nnmloadmib.ovpl tool 348 Loading MIBs 349 Checking MIB variables supported by node 351 Displaying MIB content 353 MIB expressions 355 Listing MIB expressions 356 Configuring MIB expression 357 Using MIB expression editor 363 Summary 365 Chapter 9: Monitoring Your Network 367 Monitoring with NNMi 367 Monitoring definition 368 Monitoring in NNMi 368 Case studies 370 Example: when map is initial source for monitoring 370 Example: when incident view is initial source for monitoring 370 Monitoring devices for problems 370 Map view 371 Testing problem node actions 371 Accessing node details 373 Accessing related incidents 374 Table views 374 Critical Component Health 376 Critical Interfaces View 377 Critical Nodes View 377 Non-Normal Interfaces View 378 Non-Normal Nodes View 379 Not Responding Address View 379
Nodes by Status 380 Component Health by Status 380 Listing Interfaces by Status 381 Interfaces by Administrative State 382 Interfaces by Operational State 383 State 384 IP addresses by Node Groups 385 Custom Node Collections 385 Custom Polled Instances 385 Non-Normal Node Components 386 Non-Normal Cards 387 Card Redundancy Groups 387 Monitoring an incident for problems 388 What is an incident? 388 Incident details in NNMi 389 Severity 390 Priority 390 Lifecycle state 391 Assigned to 392 Category 392 Family 393 Origin 394 Correlation nature 395 Incident form 395 General tab 396 Correlated Parents tab 396 Correlated Children tab 396 Custom Attributes tab 397 Diagnostics tab 397 Registration tab 397 Working with incidents 398 Changing assignment 398 Maintaining up-to-date lifecycle 399 Displaying a map 400 Investigating problems 400 Verifying device configuration details 401 Verifying current status of device 402 Viewing monitoring configuration 402 Finding a node 404 Finding an attached switch port 404 Displaying end nodes attached to a switch 405 Testing node access with ICMP ping 405 Tracing the route 406 Telnet to a device 407 Configuring Custom Polling 408 Enabling or disabling Custom Polling 410
Custom Poller Collections 410 Configuring Comparison Maps 415 Policies 415 Summary 418 Chapter 10: Extending NNMi 419 Object custom attributes 419 What is a custom attribute? 420 Accessing custom attributes 421 Modifying custom attributes 422 Action menu configuration 424 About an action menu 424 Configuring URL action 425 Configuring URL action basics 426 Configuring selection 427 Configuring URL action object types 428 Expanding system capabilities using URLs 428 URLs in NNMi 429 Using URLs in NNMi 429 Authentication 429 Security permissions 430 Using URLs to access NNMi objects 432 Generic URLs 433 Workspace-related URLs 434 Form-related URLs 445 Menu item-related URLs 450 Summary 458 Chapter 11: Integrating NNMi with Other Management Tools 459 Integrating NNMi with HP Software BAC 460 What is HP Business Availability Center? 460 How integration works 460 Requirements 461 Installation instructions 461 Configuring portlets 461 Configuring single sign-on 463 Integrating NNMi with CiscoWorks LMS 464 What is CiscoWorks LMS? 464 How integration works 465 Requirements 465 Installation instructions 465 Enabling integration 465 Disabling integration 467 Modifying integration 467
Integrating NNMi with HP Software Network Automation 467 What is HP Network Automation? 468 How integration Requirements 470 works 468 Installation instructions 470 Enabling integration 470 Disabling integration 473 Modifying integration 474 Integrating NNMi with Northbound Interface 474 What is Northbound Interface? 474 How integration works? 474 Requirements 482 Installation instructions 482 Enabling integration 482 Disabling integration 484 Modifying integration 485 Integrating NNMi with HP Software Operations Manager 485 What is OM? 485 How integration works 487 Forwarding NNMi messages to HP OM agent as SNMP traps 487 Forwarding NNMi messages to HP OM message browser using web services 488 Requirements 490 Installation instructions 490 Enabling integration 490 Disabling integration 493 Modifying integration 493 Integrating NNMi with HP System Insight Manager 494 What is HP Systems Insight Manager? 494 How integration works 495 Requirements 495 Installation instructions 495 Enabling integration 496 Disabling integration 497 Modifying integration 497 Integrating NNMi with HP Software ucmdb 497 What is HP Universal CMDB? 498 How integration works 498 Requirements 499 Installation instructions 499 Enabling integration 499 Disabling integration 501 Modifying integration 502 Summary 502
Appendix A: Upgrading from NNM 6.x/7.x 503 Overview 503 The upgrade path 504 Data collection from NNM 504 SNMP configuration upgrade 506 SNMP configuration 506 Name lookup resolution 508 Device profiles 509 Discovery configuration upgrade 510 Scheduling discovery 510 Discovery method selection 511 Configuring auto-discovery 512 Excluding addresses from discovery 513 Adding seeds into NNMi discovery 513 Customizing connectivity 514 Status monitoring upgrade 515 Polling intervals 515 Polling protocol selection 516 Critical node configuration 516 Excluding objects from Status Polling 517 Event configuration and event reduction upgrade 517 Block, ignore, or disable traps 518 Trap display 519 Custom display of management events 520 Automatic actions 522 Event correlation 523 Map upgrade 524 OVW map upgrade 524 Home Base map upgrade 526 Custom script transfer 527 Summary 528 Appendix B: Upgrading from NNMi 8.1x 529 Overview 529 Upgrading from NNMi 8.1x on the same server 530 Upgrading from NNMi 8.1x to a different server 531 Upgrading NNMi from Red Hat 4.6 to 5.2 or 5.3 532 Migrating Oracle data in NNMi 533 Additional information 535 Summary 536 Appendix C: What's Next... 537 Polishing NNMi 538 Is NNMi delivering the right incidents? 538 Are my maps convenient for the staff? 539 Am I consuming licenses efficiently? 540
Making NNMi bigger 541 Custom object monitors 541 Custom actions and menus 542 Integrating with NNMi 542 Beyond the tools 543 Improving processes 543 Training your staff 544 Useful links 544 Index 547