Skill: Polygons Standard: 5.13.a ~ The student, using plane figures (square, rectangle, triangle, parallelogram, rhombus, and trapezoid), will develop definitions of these plane figures; 5.13.b ~ The student, using plane figures (square, rectangle, triangle, parallelogram, rhombus, and trapezoid), will investigate and describe the results of combining and subdividing plane figures Vocabulary: Polygon a closed two-dimensional figure with straight edges Polygon Not a Polygon (has a curve) Not a Polygon (open, not closed) Regular = equal sides Irregular = unequal sides Regular o Triangle a polygon with 3 sides o Quadrilateral a polygon with 4 sides o Pentagon a polygon with 5 sides o Hexagon a polygon with 6 sides o Heptagon a polygon with 7 sides o Octagon a polygon with 8 sides o Nonagon a polygon with 9 sides o Decagon a polygon with 10 sides Irregular Quadrilaterals o Trapezoid a quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides o Parallelogram a quadrilateral with 2 pairs of parallel sides o Rectangle a parallelogram with 4 right angles o Rhombus a parallelogram with 4 congruent sides o Square a parallelogram with 4 equal sides & 4 right angles
Trapezoid Parallelogram Rectangle Rhombus Square Quadrilaterals *4 sides *1 pair of parallel sides *other pair is not parallel *4 sides *2 pairs of parallel sides *opposite sides are = *4 sides *2 pairs of parallel sides *opposite sides are = *4 right angles *4 sides *2 pairs of parallel sides *all sides are = *4 sides *2 pairs of parallel sides *all sides are = *4 right angles
Relationship Between Quadrilaterals Quadrilaterals Quadrilaterals Trapezoid Rhombus Rectangle Square United States Virginia Liberty Elementary South Riding, VA
When you are identifying quadrilaterals ask yourself the following questions. Does it have only 1 pair of parallel sides? o If yes it s a trapezoid! o If no keep asking questions! Does it have 2 pairs of parallel sides? o If yes it s a parallelogram! Keep asking questions! o If no if it wasn t a trapezoid, then it s just a plain old quadrilateral Does the parallelogram have right angles? o If yes it s a rectangle! Keep asking questions! o If no keep asking questions, but it s not a rectangle Does the parallelogram have 4 congruent sides? o If yes it s a rhombus! Keep asking questions! o If no it s NOT a rhombus Does the parallelogram have right angles AND 4 congruent sides? o If yes it s a square! o If no it s not a square
Name the Quadrilaterals. Use the words quadrilateral, trapezoid, parallelogram, rhombus, rectangle, and square. Use ALL the words that apply.
Read the following statements. Fill in the blanks as ALWAYS, SOMETIMES, or NEVER. 1. A square is a rectangle. 2. A rhombus is a square. 3. A parallelogram is a rectangle. 4. A parallelogram is a quadrilateral. 5. A rectangle is a square. 6. A square is a rhombus. 7. A quadrilateral is a rectangle. 8. A trapezoid is a square. 9. A rhombus is a rectangle. 10. A quadrilateral is a square. 11. A rectangle is a rhombus. 12. A square is parallelogram. 13. A parallelogram is a square. 14. A rectangle is a parallelogram. 15. A quadrilateral is a trapezoid. 16. A trapezoid is a quadrilateral. 17. A square is a quadrilateral. 18. A quadrilateral is a rhombus. 19. A rectangle is a parallelogram. 20. A rectangle is a trapezoid. 21. A quadrilateral is a parallelogram. 22. A parallelogram is a rhombus. 23. A square is a trapezoid. 24. A trapezoid is a rectangle. 25. A trapezoid is a rhombus.
Plane figures (not plain as in boring, but plane 2-dimensional) can be added together to make a more complicated shape. A complicated shape can be divided into plane figures. We can see in the figure below that we can divide this polygon into two rectangles. We can see that a rhombus if formed by combining two triangles. This hexagon is formed by combining two trapezoids. Think! What other polygons can we make from the hexagon? PRACTICE! 1. Divide this figure into two regular polygons. Identify the plane figures.
How many triangles and squares can you divide this shape into?
Extension Steps 1. Identify each tangram piece by the name of its shape. 2. Which pieces have the same area? How do you know? 3. If the area of #5, the small square is 1 (one) unit, find the area of each numbered piece. Piece # Name Area 1 2 3 4 5 _square 1 6 7