ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS OCHA POLICY & RESEARCH CONFERENCE Session 2: Adaptation and innovation in humanitarian action Larry Maramis, Director (CSC) ASEAN Secretariat one vision one identity one community
Outline Risk and Adaptation: Adapting ASEAN s disaster management system to emerging issues of climate change and urbanisation Innovation: Regional coordination and international partnerships in the context of supporting national capacities and emerging regional response capacities Role of disaster management and humanitarian assistance in the shape of ASEAN centrality, integration and community building
Regional context and operating environment of disaster management in ASEAN A UNIQUE DISASTER PROFILE: RISKS AND VULNERABILITY
ASEAN Vision 2020 "A concert of Southeast Asian nations, outward looking, living in peace, stability and prosperity, bonded together in partnership in dynamic development and in a community of caring societies"
Complex Risk and Vulnerability Factors Located at the convergence of several tectonic plates, and susceptible to geological movements Creating earthquakes and tsunamis and activating volcanoes El Niño South Oscillation and La Nina, affect many parts of ASEAN region results in storms, floods, and droughts Frequency increasing in droughts, earthquakes, epidemics, extreme temperatures, floods, insect infestations, mass movements, storms, volcanoes, wildfires
A Complex Disaster Profile ASEAN region is vulnerable to all types of natural hazards Environmental, economic and social impacts of catastrophic disasters have been severe Disasters in the ASEAN region are also aggravated by relentless urbanisation, rapid population growth, and increasing economic exposure
Trends and Predictions 1970-1979: 138 occurrences of disasters in Southeast Asia in the period 1970 1979 2000 2009: Occurrences of disaster reached 508, an increase of 368 percent since the 1970s Emerging Trend: There will be almost 1,000 occurrences of disaster in the next decade, or an average of about 100 disasters per year
Adapting ASEAN s disaster management system to emerging issues of climate change and urbanisation ADAPTATION: THE REGIONAL EXPERIENCE IN TACKLING EMERGING ISSUES
Legal, Policy and Action Framework ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) ratified by all ten ASEAN Member States and entered into force on 24 December 2009 affirms ASEAN s commitment to the Hyogo Framework of Action (HFA) the first legally-binding HFA-related instrument in the world AADMER is a proactive regional framework for cooperation, coordination, technical assistance and resource mobilisation in all aspects of disaster risk reduction and disaster management Bound by this legal agreement, Member States have developed the AADMER Work Programme for 2010-2015, which translates the legal agreement into concrete actions and initiatives ASEAN started implementing the Work Programme since it was adopted in March 2010
Supporting Instruments Related instruments to implement the AADMER the ASEAN Standard Operating Procedure for Regional Standby Arrangements and Coordination of Joint Disaster Relief and Emergency Response Operations (SASOP) AADMER Work Programme 2010 2015 Emergency Risk Assessment Team (ERAT) ASEAN Humanitarian Assistance (AHA) Centre Agreement approved on 17 November 2011, while provisionally operational since early 2011
Operationalising AADMER AADMER Work Programme (2010-2015) was endorsed in March 2010 in Singapore There are two phases of implementation: Phase 1 (2010-2012) Phase 2 (2013-2015) ACDM has also identified 14 flagship programmes to be implemented as priority activities in Phase 1 implementation
AADMER Work Programme (2010-2015) 2015) Operationalising the AADMER into concrete outputs and activities Endorsed by the ASEAN Committee on Disaster Management in March 2010 as a rolling plan BUILDING DISASTER RESILIENCE IN ASEAN
The AHA Centre and Principles of Assistance and Coordination AADMER calls for the AHA Centre to facilitate cooperation and coordination among parties AHA Centre Role: Article 20 states that the AHA Centre should facilitate coordination and cooperation with other emergency response mechanisms that operate already in the region, such as the UN system, NGOs, and the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement National Sovereignty: Assistance can be deployed only at the request of the affected country When a disaster is likely to affect other Member State(s), however, the affected country is expected to respond promptly to a request for information sought by other Member States that are or may be affected by the disaster
Regional coordination and international partnerships in the context of supporting national capacities emerging regional response capacities INNOVATION: REGIONAL COORDINATION MECHANISM AND THE NEW PARTNERSHIP ARCHITECTURE
Regional efforts: a force multiplier Emphasis on initiatives that are regional in nature Build on and add value to national initiatives Espouse efforts that synergise existing networks and potential partnerships with all stakeholders Recognise contributions of various groups of stakeholders, including vulnerable groups Encourage linkages with other thematic programmes in ASEAN, promote multi-sectoral approach BUILDING DISASTER RESILIENCE IN ASEAN
Partnerships: Shared Visions ASEAN is on the move to attain the common vision of disaster resilient nations and safer communities by 2015, even as the risks and challenges posed by the impacts of global climate change and natural disasters remain alarming To realise this vision, ASEAN and partners are accelerating the efforts to strengthen our regional capacity and capability to deal with various kinds of natural and human-induced disasters
Partnerships: Areas of Interest Partners New Zealand Japan United States EC Australia Area of Interest Support for the AHA Centre capacity-building Mobilising support, including experts for AHA Centre, and supporting various components in the AADMER Work Programme, in particular in risk assessment, monitoring, ICT, and logistics system Support in all-hazard disaster monitoring and response system, the ASEAN standby arrangements database, and further support to the AHA Centre Support through the APG as well as announced its 4 million READI facility (launched on 12 September 2011) that also identifies disaster management as one of the priority areas AUD2,080,000 contribution to the AADMER Work Programme and AHA Centre through the Cooperation Arrangement in 2010 and the new amendment in 2011
ASEAN-UN Partnership: Strategic Plan Incorporates Ongoing and potential activities Follow-up actions required by the ASEAN-UN Leaders under the 2010 Joint Declaration on ASEAN-UN Collaboration in Disaster Management Includes Operational issues and capacity-building issues prioritised in the AADMER Work Programme (2010-2015) including the establishment of the AHA Centre Establishment of a disaster emergency response logistic system through collaboration with the WFP, capacity building for the ASEAN-Emergency Rapid Assessment Team (ERAT) through collaboration with UN OCHA Road map on disaster risk assessment in collaboration with UNISDR Regional strategy for disaster risk financing and insurance in collaboration with World Bank and UNISDR
ASEAN-UN Partnership Areas of Key Challenges: Roles of OCHA and ASEAN NDMOs Interface and coordination points between the ASEAN- Emergency Rapid Assessment Team (ERAT) and the United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) Team in the rapid assessment stage Interface and coordination points between the newlyestablished AHA Centre and the overall UN s humanitarian response systems in the ASEAN region Civil-military coordination Role of the ASEAN Secretary-General as the ASEAN Humanitarian Assistance Coordinator in relation to the role of the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator
Role of disaster management and humanitarian assistance in the shape of ASEAN centrality, integration and community building LOOKING FORWARD: DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND ASEAN COMMUNITY BUILDING
Part of a Global Disaster Management System A regional mechanism in place: AADMER, the Work Programme and AHA Centre, and established networks of partnerships within and beyond the region with other humanitarian actors and organisations ASEAN Leaders with disaster management in their annual agenda and in dialogues with our external partners A new perspective on resiliency in disaster preparedness and humanitarian interventions ASEAN Member States see regional mechanisms as their first choice of additional response to the countries internal assets and capacities
An Integral Process of Community Building Strengthening regional mechanisms and making sure that ASEAN countries collectively could help each other and respond to disasters within the region in a more efficient and collaborative manner Maintaining people-centred approach of the ASEAN Charter and the inclusive approach of AADMER engaging more elements of the society in the region to make AADMER into a reality innovative partnerships being envisioned by the ACDM, including the networking with the civil society (through the APG), scientists and think tanks (such as the ASEAN Earthquake Model partners) and the private sector (through the risk financing initiatives)
Maintaining ASEAN Centrality in Partnership Strategy Widening engagements and increasing partnerships with networks beyond the region Regional communities of practice and knowledge networks Direct network of ASEAN Dialogue Partners through the East Asia Summit (EAS) and the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) Other regional organisations and other networks of partners and clusters of organisations
A Final Word: Redefining Regional Resilience Roles of traditional global partners, e.g. OCHA, Red Cross, WFP, UNICEF Balancing regional support mechanism s operational and supportive roles, allowing the governments and regional organisations to take lead roles Preparing for and adopting to risks Community-building through regional coordination and crosssectoral coordination Multi-stakeholder partnership Inter-regional partnership Disaster risk financing and insurance Disaster Risk Reduction as Sustainable Development Accelerating recovery and rehabilitation
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