DESKTOP PUBLISHING (DTP) - Is the process of combining texts and graphics layout to produce publications e.g. cards, newspapers, catalogues etc. - A special DTP software is always used. PURPOSE OF DTP 1. To perform graphic designs. - This enables one to create and edit very complex text and graphic objects like pictures. 2. For publication of large layout designs. 3. For printing large documents. 4. For publication of magazines, books, newspapers etc. 5. For advertisements and promotions. 6. For production of information literature (books) TYPES OF DTP SOFTWARES - Are divided in various categories 1. Page layout programs 2. Graphic design programs PAGE LAYOUT PROGRAMS - They describe the page design using a special page description language. Examples: 1. Quark express 2. Adobe page maker COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 1
3. Adobe frame maker 4. Microsoft publisher GRAPHIC DESIGN PROGRAMS Are specifically developed to edit and format graphic like pictures Examples: 1. Adobe Photoshop 2. Harvard graphic 3. Corel page draw 4. Adobe illustrator - There are other programs that enable one to paint and illustrate or scan images and paste them e.g. 1. Fractal design painter 2. ACD canvas 3. Macro media free hand ADVANTAGES OF DTP 1. Every item on a page is contained in a frame and can be edited and formatted independently 2. Stories can be contained in a single frame or threaded between several frames 3. Frames need not flow in logical sequence. Eg a story on page 1 can be continued on page 3 4. Master pages are used to set a common layout which may be repeated on several pages. E.g. logo 5. Publications can be printed in a form suitable for commercial printing e.g. using color publications COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 2
6. Wide range of templates is available e.g. brochures, booklets, posters, business cards etc 7. Multiple stories from different authors can be handled with ease. DESIGNING A PUBLICATION Types of publications 1. News letters 2. Cards 3. Brochures 4. Calendars 5. Books 6. Newspaper 7. Magazines certificates 8. Posters 9. Envelopes 10. Burners 11. Letter heads 12. Advertisement RUNNING ADODE PAGE MAKER 1. Click on START 2. Choose PROGRAMS 3. Click on ADOBE 4. Choose PAGE MAKER COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 3
5. A document setup dialogue box appears for you to choose types of design or publication setup options. - The page maker publication window contains the following 1. Paste board 2. Printable area 3. Tool box 4. Master pages 5. Rulers 6. Control palate - Paste board is a blank area where you place graphic and texts before you arrange them in the printable work area - Printable area- is where the object or text are placed before printing. - Tool box- is a set of buttons that contains tools used to create and manipulate the publication. COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 4
PAGE MAKER SCREEN LAYOUT Title bar Menu bar Tool bar Horizontal rule Printable bar Vertical Ruler Tool box COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 5
The page maker publication window has the following features: 1. The pasteboard 2. The printable area 3. The tool box 4. Master pages 5. Rulers 6. Control pallate The pasteboard It is a large blank area where you place text and graphical objects before arranging them neatly on the printable work area. The printable area An area that looks like a page surrounded by margins on the pasteboard. Master page icons Are thumbnails representing each page in a publication A master page is used to design a general layout that needs to be applied in all other pages of a publication Master pages thumbnails COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 6
Rulers They are non-printable lines or guides that ensure that text and graphical objects are in the required place THE TOOLBOX Pointer Tool Text Tool Rotate Tool Cropping Tool Line Tool Constrained Tool Rectangle Tool Rectangle frame Tool Ellipse Tool Ellipse frame Tool Polygon Tool Polygon frame Tool Hand Tool Zoom Tool FUNCTIONS OF THE TOOLS 1. Text tool- for typing, selecting and editing text 2. Rotating tool- select rotate objects 3. Cropping tool- to crop i.e. trim imported graphic/ objects. COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 7
4. Line tool- draw straight lines in any direction 5. Constrain line- draw vertical or horizontal lines 6. Rectangle tool- draw squares and circles. 7. Ellipse tool- draw ellipse and circles. 8. Rectangle frame- create a rectangular place for text and graphics 9. Ellipse frame- create circular or oral place for text and objects 10. Polygon tool- draw a polygon e.g. triangles, pentagons, stars etc. 11. Polygon frame- draw a polygon place for text and graphics 12. Hand tool- scroll the page or preview 13. Zoom tool- magnify or reduce the area of the page. Control Pallete It is a shortcut toolbar mainly having text and paragraph formatting command icon. In case you launch page maker and the pallete is not displayed, on the window menu, click show control pallete SETTING UP A PUBLICATION - While designing a publication, there are several setup options to be observed 1. Page size 2. Margins 3. Orientation etc. COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 8
Sets: 1. Click on FILE 2. Choose DOCUMENT SET-UP 3. In the dialogue box that appears, specify various page setup options a) In the page size box you can select the page size you want e.g. custom size b) Click on tall on wide c) Click on double sided to set the inside and outside margins that can accommodate biding of the pages d) Click on pacing pages if you want the right and the left objects to be displayed on the screen. 4. Enter the number of pages you want for the publication 5. Click OK to effect the changes COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 9
SETTING PUBLICATION MARGINS -To create margins 1. click on FILE 2. choose DOCUMENT SET-UP 3. in the dialogue box specify a) for double sided document enter the values for inside and outside margins For single sided pages set the left and right margins. b) Enter the value for top and bottom 4. Click on OK. SAVING A PUBLICATION 1. Click on FILE 2. Choose SAVE AS 3. In the dialogue box that appears specify the name of the publication and location of saving. 4. Click SAVE MANUPPULATING TEXT AND GRAPHICS IN A PUBLICATION Manipulating text - Text can be manipulated in many ways - 1. Using a text tool - Using a text frame COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 10
USING A TEXT TOOL - To create a text block with the text tool 1. Click on the TEXT TOOL- tool box - The pointer changes to - beam 2. On an empty area that is the paste board, click or drag a rectangular area to form a text block or frame 3. Type the text you want. USING A TEXT FRAME - Text frame don t change the height or width as you add or remove text - To add text into a frame 1. Draw a frame using any of the frame tools that show the shape you want the text block to take - Select a drawn shape from the ELEMENT MENU, point to FRAME then click CHANGE TO FRAME 2. Perform any of the following: a) Click on the TEXT TOOL - Choose FRAME - Type on FILE b) Click on FILE - Choose PLACE - Double click on the file that contains the text you want to place in the TEXT TOOL COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 11
MANIPULATING GRAPHIC OBJECTS - Graphical objects can be manipulated using the tool box drawing tools e.g. ellipse, polygon etc. - You can draw lines of different shapes. MOVING AND RESIZING TEXT AND GRAPHICAL OBJECTS - To move a text or graphical objects 1. Click on the object to select it 2. Position the pointer tool to anywhere inside the object 3. Drag the text or object to a new position -To resize a text or object 1. Select the text or object with the pointer tool - Section handles are displayed at corners of text blocks 2. Position the pointer on any of the selection handle and drag to the required size. EDITTING OF A PUBLICATION - To edit means making changes to a publication e.g. correcting, spelling, replacing words etc. - PAGE MAKER has two special editing tools 1. Find and change tool 2. Spelling tool FINDING AND CHANGE TOOL - This feature allows one to search for a particular word and replace it with another one. - To perform this: COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 12
1. Using the TEXT TOOL select a range to text in which you want to search 2. Click on EDIT 3. Choose EDIT STORY COMMAND - The publication will open a story window that shows only the text 4. Click on UTILITIES then choose FIND OR CHANGE 5. A dialogue box appears asking you to specify what to find, what you want to change to. - You can also specify other options e.g. matching cases or the whole word 6. Click on FIND to begin the search 7. Click on FIND NEXT to continue with the search operation 8. Click on CHANGE OR CHANGE ALL to replace the found word or text. SPELLING CHECKING This helps one correct the wrongly spelled words 1. Click the insertion pointer anywhere in the publication or select the publication or select the range to be spell checked. 2. From the STORY EDITOR menu choose utilities then spelling 3. A dialogue box appears for you to specify the scope of the search either as: (i) (ii) (iii) In selected text A current story only In all the stories publication 4. Specify spelling checking option e.g. Alternate spelling which allows you to see the suggested replacement for the3 misspelled word or show duplicates which displays the repeated word 5. Click on START to begin the spelling checking 6. You can also click on IGNORE to leave the word the way it is COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 13
FORMATTING A PUBLICATION - Formatting involves application of special changes or activities to a text. - Formatting publication may include:- 1. Bolding 2. Font resizing 3. Italizing 4. Column or page formatting 5. Changing case - The following can be applied on the text or graphics TEXT AND GRAPHIC FORMATTING Formatting text can be achieved by use of:- 1. Command from the TYPE menu 2. Control palate - To display the control palate: 1. Choose WINDOW- menu bar 2. Click on SHOW CONTROL PALATE Character view Font option Type size option Expert tracking option Kerning option Apply button Paragraph view Type style option Case option Position buttons Leading option Horizontal scale option Baseline shift option COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 14
- The content of the control palate vary depending on which tool is selected - Control palate appears in two types 1. Object mode 2. Text mode - There are two type of text mode:- 1. Character view this means that you can apply character attributes to selected text. Viewed when you click on the T tool 2. Paragraph view- - To format text:-this means you can apply paragraph styles, select alignment options and other paragraph attributes 1. Using the TEXT TOOL select the text you want to format 2. From the TYPE menu choose the formatting features you want e.g. character command 3. In the character specification dialogue box select attributes such as - Font size - Font color - Bolding - Font position - Font type 4. Click on OK. CHANGING TEXT COLOR 1. Select the text 2. From the Window menu COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 15
3. Choose SHOW COLORS 4. Select the color you want CHANGING CAESES - You can change text case to UPPER, LOWER, TOGGLE, SENTENSE, TITLE e.t.c - To change case 1. Select the text you want to change 2. Click on UTILITIES 3. Click on PLUG-INS 4. Choose CHANGE CASE 5. In the dialogue box select the case you want to change 6. Click APPLY TP PREVIEW THE CHANGE 7. Click on OK SUPERSCRIPT/SUBSCRIPT - Superscript refers to the text positioned slightly higher than the rest of the sentence e.g 15 th - Subscript refers to text positioned slightly below the rest of the sentence e.g 1. Select the text you want to style either as superscript or subscript 2. Choose the TYPE 3. Click on CHARACTER 4. In the dialogue box that appears under the position list box choose either normal, superscript or subscript 5. Click on OK COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 16
DROP CAP - Refers to the first character in a line being dropped by a specified No. of lines 1. Select the character you want to drop 2. Click on UTILITIES 3. Choose PLUG-INS 4. Select DROP CAP 5. In the dialogue box select the number of lines you want the character to drop from the size box 6. Click on APPLY to see the format 7. Click on OK PARAGRAPH FORMATTING - Paragraph can either be formatted by use of 1. Control palate 2. Paragraph command from the type menu - Various activities can be done e.g.: 1. Setting INDENTS AND TABS - To set tabs using the INDENTS/TAB ruler. 1. the paragraph you want to INDENT 2. From the TYPE menu choose INDENT/ TABS 3. On the TAB rule click on either left, right, center or decimal TAB 4. Drag the new TAB STOP along the ruler - To INDENT using the paragraph command 1. Click the cursor in a paragraph 2. Click on TYPE COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 17
3. Select paragraph 4. In the dialogue type in the values for the indent option you want 5. Click on OK ADDING SPACE ABOVE OR BELOW PARAGRAPH 1. Select the paragraph you want to EDIT 2. Click on TYPE 3. Choose PARAGRAPH 4. In the dialogue box of the paragraph spares specify the value either before or after the paragraph PAGE FORMATTING - It includes 1. Setting columns 2. Page numbering 3. Inserting page and column breakers 4. Adding headers and footers SETTING COLUMNS 1. Be in the page you want to set the columns 2. Click on LAYOUT 3. Choose COLUMN GUIDES 4. Enter the number of columns you want to enter on the page and the space between columns 5. Click on OK COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 18
PAGE NUMBERING - To give a document page numbers: 1. Click on INSERT 2. Choose PAGE NUMBERS 3. In the dialogue box under the position box option specify where you want the page numbers to be inserted 4. In the alignment box specify where the number should be that is left, right, center, inside or outside PAGE/COLUMNS/SECTION BREAKS - A break is a feature that identifies where a section, column or a page ends and the beginning of the next page - To insert a break: 1. Position the cursor in the document where the break is to be 2. Click on INSERT 3. Choose BREAK 4. In the break dialogue box specify either page, selection, column or page break 5. Click on OK INSERTING HEADERS AND FOOTERS - To insert a header and footer 1. Click on VIEW 2. Choose HEADER AND FOOTER 3. In the text boxes that appears type a header or footer as specified. COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 19
TRACKING AND KERNING - Tracking refers to change of visual denseness or openness of characters in a line - Kerning is the fixing of particular pairs of letters that are too close or too far apart from each other - To apply a track: 1. Select the text you want to TRACK 2. Click on TYPE 3. Choose EXPERT TRACKING - In the dialogue box choose one of the fire options e.g. no track, loose, tight or very tight 4. Click on OK - To apply kerning on a pair of characters 1. Select the text you want to kern 2. Click on TYPE 3. Choose EXPERT KERNING 4. In the dialogue box click the appropriate button (slider button) to either make the text tight or loose 5. Click on OK - To space a word or a letter 1. Select the paragraph 2. Click on TYPE 3. Choose PARAGRAPH 4. In the paragraph dialogue box click on SPACING 5. Choose either word spacing or letter spacing and type in the new values COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 20
6. Click on OK MEASUREMENTS IN DTP - Can be achieved using rulers on the screen - You can either use the vertical or the horizontal ruler by dragging the ruler guides. FORMATTING OF GRAPHICAL OBJECTS 1. Changing fill and stroke of graphics - To change fill or stoke of an object 1. Select the object 2. Click on ELEMENT 3. Choose FILL AND STROKE 4. Select the type of fill or stroke you want 5. Select the colors for the fill and stroke - To apply FILL 1. Select the object 2. Click on ELEMENT 3. Choose FILL 4. Select the fill pattern you want - To apply stoke 1. Select the object 2. Click on ELEMENT 3. Choose STROKE 4. Select the line style you want to apply COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 21
RE-SHAPING OBJECTS - To apply rounded corners to rectangles and squares 1. Select the rectangle or square you want to re-shape 2. Click on ELEMENT 3. Choose ROUNDED CORNERS 4. Select the corner style you want 5. Click on OK - To re-shape polygon: 1. Select the polygon 2. Double click the selected polygon, place holder will be displayed 3. You re-shape the polygon by dragging the shape holders - To create a star object: 1. Select the polygon you want to re-shape 2. Click on ELEMENT 3. Choose POLYGON SETTINGS 4. In the dialogue box specify the number of sided you want 5. To create a star, enter a value in the star insert box e.g. 6. Click on OK WRAPPING TEXT AROUND A GRAPHIC - Publication can be enhanced in various ways e.g. wrapping text around graphical objects - To wrap text around the object:- 1. Select the object 2. Click on ELEMENT COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 22
3. Choose TEXT WRAP 4. A dialogue box appears, click on the middle wrap option 5. Specify text flow option 6. Enter the standoff value (distance of the text from each side of the graphic) 7. Click on OK IMPORTING OF GRAPHICS - Involves moving an application from one location to another - To import a graphic 1. Click on the POINTER TOOL 2. Select the frame in which you want to place the object 3. Click on FILE 4. Choose PLACE 5. Select the file you want to place and then click on the OPEN BUTTON 6. Click anywhere in the paste board and the graphic will be placed there ROTATING AN OBJECT - Is a activity achieved through operations called transformations - To rotate an object with the rotating tool 1. Select the object 2. Select the ROTATION TOOL from the tool box and the pointer changes to a star bust 3. Position the star bust at a fixed point or around the center of the object 4. Drag the star bust away from the fixed point in the direction you want to rotate the object 5. Release the mouse button when the object is at the desired position COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 23
CROPPING AN OBJECT - Involves cutting off unwanted parts of the graphic especially the edges - To crop a graphic using the crop tool 1. Select the CROPPING TOOL then the graphic that you want to crop 2. Position the cropping tool so that the place holder shows through the center of the tool 3. Hold down the mouse button to turn the cropping tool into a double sided arrow, drag inwards until the part of the graphic you want in the publication remains. PRINTING OF A PUBLICATION 1. Click on FILE 2. Choose PRINT 3. In the dialogue box specify - The type of printer - Page orientation - Number of copies - Range of pages 4. Click on PRINT BOOK MARK - It identifies a location or selection of text that you name identify for future reference. For example you might use a book mark to identify text that you want to revise at a later time instead of scrolling through the document to locate the text, you can go to it by using the bookmark dialogue box. COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 24
1. Select an item to which you want to assign a book mark, or click where you want to insert the bookmark 2. On the insert menu, click bookmark 3. Under bookmark name, type or select a name Bookmark names must begin with a letter and can contain numbers. You can t include spaces in a bookmark name however you can use the underscore character to separate words e.g. first_heading 4. Click ADD COMPILED BY: WESLEY M. NYANDIKA wesleynyandika@yahoo.com Page 25