Scale a scale is the ratio of any length in a scale drawing to the corresponding actual length. The lengths may be in different units. Scale drawing a drawing that is similar to an actual object or place. Scale model a three dimensional model that is similar to a three dimensional object. Similar figures have the same shape but not necessarily the same size. Corresponding angles are congruent and corresponding sides are in proportion. Quantity how much there is of something. X-axis - The x-axis is the horizontal axis of a two-dimensional plot in Cartesian coordinates that is conventionally oriented to point to the right. It is the horizontal axis and the starting point for graphing. Y-axis - The y-axis is the vertical axis of a two-dimensional plot in Cartesian coordinates that is conventionally oriented to point to the right. It is the vertical axis and the starting point for slope or rate of change when graphing. Dependent variable a variable that provides the output variable of a function. This variable cannot change on its own. Independent variable a variable that provides the input values of a function. It can change without relying on anything else. Function a relationship that pairs each input value with exactly one output value. Due: 9/25/15 (20 pts.)
Input a value of the independent value, also known as the x-values. Output a value of the dependent variable, also known as the y-values. Linear function a function whose graph is a nonvertical line. You can represent a linear function with a linear equation. Nonlinear function a function whose graph is not a line or part of a line. Continuous graph a graph that is unbroken, a solid line. Discrete graph a graph that is composed of distinct, isolated points. Representation a way to display or describe information. You can use a representation to present mathematical ideas and data. Domain the possible values for the input of a relation or function; the x-values. Range the possible values for the output of a relation or function; the y-values. Relation any set of ordered pairs. Vertical line test a method to determine if a relation is a function or not. If a vertical line passes through a graph more than once, the graph is not the graph of a function. Due: 9/30/15 (20 pts.)
Function notation to write a rule in function notation, you use f(x) in place of y Rate of change a relationship between two changing quantities as the ration of change in the dependent variable to the change the independent variable. Slope the ration of the vertical change to the horizontal change between two points on a line. Slope is alphabetically represented by the variable m. Constant of variation the nonzero constant k in the function y=kx Linear equation an equation whose graph forms a straight line. Direct variation a linear function defined by an equation of the form y=kx, where k 0. Linear parent function a family of functions is a group of functions with common characteristics. A parent function is the simplest function with these characteristics. A linear parent function is the simplest form of a linear function y=x. Slope-intercept form the slope-intercept form of a linear equation is y=mx±b, where m is the slope of the line and b is the y-intercept. y-intercept the y-coordinate of a point where a graph crosses the y-axis Point-slope intercept form an equation of a nonvertical line with slope m and through the point (x 1, y 1 ) is y y 1 = m(x x 1 ) Due: 10/6/15 (20 pts.)
Standard form of a linear equation Ax + By = C, where A, B, and C are real numbers and A and B are not both zero. x-intercept the x-coordinate of a point where a graph crosses the x-axis; the point itself is also sometimes referred to as an x-intercept of the graph. Zero a zero of a function y=f(x) is a value of x for which y = 0. The real-number zeros of a function are the x- intercepts of the function s graph. Opposite reciprocal two numbers whose product is -1. A number of the form - b, where a is a nonzero rational a b number and its opposite reciprocal is -1. Parallel lines lines in the same plane that never intersect and whose slopes are exactly the same. Perpendicular lines lines that intersect to form right angles and whose slopes are opposite reciprocals. Reflection a transformation that flips a graph across a line, such as the x- or y-axis. Transformation a transformation of a function is a simple change to the equation of the function that results in a change in the graph of the function, such as a translation or reflection. Translation a transformation that shifts a graph vertically, horizontally or both, without changing its shape or orientation. Causation when a change in one quantity cause a change in another. Due: 10/9/15 (20 pts.)
Correlation coefficient a number r from -1 to 1 that tells you how closely the equation models the data set. Extrapolation predicting a value outside of the range of known values. Interpolation estimating a value between two sets of data most accurately. Line of best fit the most accurate trend line given a set of scatter plot of data. Negative correlation when y tends to decrease as x increases in a relationship between two sets of data. No correlation when two sets of data are not related. Positive correlation when y tends to increase as x increases in a relationship between two sets of data. Scatter plot a graph that relates two different sets of data by displaying them as ordered pairs. Trend line a line on a scatter plot, drawn near the points that shows a correlation Due: 10/14/15 (20 pts.) Total Points Possible: 100