Enabling Breakthroughs in Medical Electronics Karthik Vasanth, Ph.D General Manager, Medical and High Reliability Business Unit
Outline Trends driving the medical market Semiconductors in healthcare Diverse market Examples Future technologies
Strong global trends driving the market Aging populations In ten years (2019), 32% more people in the US will be over 65 years than today. By 2025 1.2 billion people will be over 50 years old, twice as many as in 2006. Rising healthcare costs U.S. healthcare spending more than 17% of GDP, Europe not far behind Costs expected to grow from $2.5 trillion in 2009 to $4.5 trillion in 2019 Remote and emerging markets China healthcare expenditure increased from 3.7% of GDP in 1995 to 5.6% in 2007 India government proposed in 2008 to increase public expenditure on health care from 1% to 3% of GDP Personal healthcare 33% of medical semiconductor revenue in 2008 went into consumer medical devices Sources: World Health Organization (WHO), National Health Expenditure Report 2009, Databeans, Frost & Sullivan, Economic Times 3
Opportunity for impact in medical Consistent growth over last 25 years, strong trends driving future $B $140 $120 $100 $80 $60 $40 $20 $0 Medical Devices and Supplies 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 CAGR: 1979-2007 = 10% Aging populations By 2020, >1 billion people will be 60+ years Rising healthcare costs U.S. healthcare spending 16% of GDP Costs grow from $2 trillion in 2007 to $3.1 trillion in 2012 Remote and emerging markets China healthcare expenditure increased 277% from 2006 to 2007 Personal healthcare 38% of medical semiconductor revenue in 2007 went into consumer medical devices Source: MDDI, Databeans, National Coalition on Health Care, TI 4
What does a semiconductor do in healthcare? Healthcare revolution Smaller size Lower power Higher performance Healthcare transformed 2000 and beyond
Semiconductors impact Computing revolution Communications revolution Healthcare revolution Computing transformed Communications transformed Healthcare transformed 1980s 1990s 2000 and beyond
Diverse and broad market Consumer medical devices Diagnostic, patient monitoring and therapy Medical instruments Medical imaging Digital thermometers Blood glucose monitor Blood pressure monitor Insulin pumps Heart rate monitors Audiology (digital hearing aids) ECG EEG Blood oxygen (pulse oximeter) Blood pressure Temperature Ventilation/ respiration Defibrillators Implantable devices Laboratory equipment Dialysis machines Analytical instruments Surgical instruments Dental instruments Ultrasound CT MRI X-Ray Other imaging (nuclear, positron emission tomography)
Trends for innovation Consumer medical devices Diagnostic, patient monitoring and therapy Medical imaging Medical instruments Uncomfortable Doctor s office Radiology center + + Laboratory Comfortable Patient s home Remote regions/triage Innovation Portable Wireless Connected Cost efficient Short time to market New technologies
Example: Bringing ultrasound to the Point-of-Care Remote/Triage Military Karl Dussik's apparatus for scanning the head, 1940 Images courtesy of Sonosite
Example: Connected health opportunities WAN 2.4GHz ISM band (Zigbee/802.15.4/BT/BLE) Passive non-battery Operated RF/RFID WLAN (802.11a/b/g/n) GSM/GPRS Clinical Patient Monitoring Health & Chronic Disease Management LAN Bluetooth / Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) HAN ANT/ANT+ Zigbee/ 802.15.4 Vital Signs Monitoring BAN sub-1ghz ISM band (433 MHz/868 MHz/ 915 MHz) Blood pressure monitor Smart bandage Weight scale
Example: Taking health care into the home Sports and fitness Chronic disease management Aging independently Heart-rate monitor Watch/shoe combination for monitoring miles and calories Remote temperature sensor Glucose meter and insulin pump Remote body monitoring Fall detection Implantable pacemaker Home defibrillator Wireless weight scale
Example: ECG products enable patient mobility Einthoven s first practical Electrocardiogram, 1903
Patient monitoring and ECG market Number of Leads High end Fetal ECG Rest / Stress ECG Bispectral Index Monitor (BIS) EEG Mid end Patient Monitoring Holters, Hospital AEDs Low end Consumer Heart Rate PBANs Public Access AEDs and Tele medicine
Portable evolution requires lower power and more features Very low power Ultra low power Intelligent watches Hands free car kit Musical instruments Touchscreen Plugged in to minutes/hours P wer Multi parameter medical o Con umpti Barcode Scanners Days SDR s on Audio recorder ebook Digital Stethoscope Weeks Battery charge / Battery life Portable monitoring Smoke detectors Exercise Monitoring Months
Extreme example of low power: Medical implants Retinal implant Deep brain stimulation Implantable devices Cochlear implant Neurostimulator Gastric pacemaker
Summary Strong macro-economic trends are driving the healthcare market Medical electronics can help make healthcare more flexible, affordable and accessible Semiconductor innovation makes medical electronics smaller, power efficient, connected and feature-rich
Energy Harvesting Some ballpark figures e.g. Sharp LR0GC02: Pmax: 300mW (4.5V, 67mA) @ 41mm x 67.5mm Energy Source Source Characteristic Conversion Efficiency Harvested Power Light Indoor 0.1 mw/cm2 10uW/cm2 10... 24% Outdoor 100 mw/cm2 10mW/cm2 Vibration Human Machine 0.5m @ 1Hz 1 m/s2 @50 Hz 1m @5 Hz 10m/s2 @1kHz Source dependant 4uW/cm2 100uW/cm2 Thermal Human 20 mw/cm2 0.1% 25uW/cm2 Machine 100 mw/cm2 3% 1-10mW/cm2 900MHz 0.3uW/cm2 RF (GSM) 50% 1800MHz 0.1 uw/cm2 0.1uW/cm2
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