DESIGN AND ANALYS OF KNUCKLE STREERING USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

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1 International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 8, Issue 6, June 2017, pp , Article ID: IJMET_08_06_027 Available online at aeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?jtype=ijmet&vtyp pe=8&itype=6 ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed DESIGN AND ANALYS OF KNUCKLE STREERING USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS M. Senthil Kumar, R. Ramesh Kumar, Mathew Alphonse and K Karthik Department of Mechanical Engineering, Veltech Dr RR and Dr SR University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India ABSTRACT Many machines and mechanisms are running under dynamic conditions are important designs Parameters of strength, production costs, productivity. Vibration procedures are used to analyses the dynamic of the vibration controls. The finite element methods are used in computer aided design and analysis software ANSYS. Engineer s task is to design automotive structures can operate safely environment to avoid vibration resonances. The finite element model used to knuckle steering was created. An ANSYS APDL code was developed at frequency range of model and harmonic analysis in APDL ANSYS Parametric Design Language. It along them changes of sound frequency to decibel (DB). And will be calculated this frequency located on acoustic formulations. This decibel range to compare with human sensitivities. Most of the range will occurs noise will be generated an automotive structures. Reduced noise and vibration increased or decreased in automotive structures. Key words: knucklesteering, modal transient analysis, acoustic calculation, online calculator, Ansys, apdl programming. Cite this Article: M. Senthil Kumar, R. Ramesh Kumar, Mathew Alphonse and K Karthik. Design and Analys of Knuckle Streering using Finite Element Analysis. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 8(6), 2017, pp MET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=8&ITy ype=6 1. INTRODUCTION The automotive industry was spending millions of dollars on NVH work. New materials and damping techniques was created and reduced noise level for systems. New design methods are considering NVH whole design process. These methods are using modeling, simulation, analysis, and optimization for design process and noise and vibration was reduced. New materials costs are lighter, cheaper, and more effective work. Engineers have been developed by metal panels sound materials are steel editor@iaeme.com

2 M. Senthil Kumar, R. Ramesh Kumar, Mathew Alphonse and K Karthik 1.1. Sound, Vibration, Structural Acoustics Sound is varying pressure wave spreads in medium. "Static" value pressure slowly, spreads with the sound pressure small wave is a flow of energy. Sound represented as a sine wave, but physically sound is a longitudinal wave. The wave motion is in the direction of energy. Figure 1 Sound 2. MODELING ANSYS is commercial finite element software with capability to analyses a wide range of different problems. Like any finite element software, ANSYS programs are solving governing equations into breaking the problems of small elements. FEA software ANSYS includes timetested, industrial leading applications for structural, thermal, mechanical, computational fluid dynamics and electromagnetic analysis. ANSYS software solves for the combined effects of multiple forces, accurately modeling combined behaviors resulting from metaphysics interaction. There two primary ways to use ANSYS interactively through the graphical user interface and ANSYS commands. In this project, we have used the GUI. It is easy to learn ANSYS interactively method. Compared to the learning all ANSYS commands. Interactive ANSYS has disadvantages the user to save the model geometry, mesh, and results in a *.db file. The finite element simulation was done by finite element analysis package ANSYS 13. This is used to perform the modeling of the cantilever beam and calculation of natural frequencies with relevant mode shape. 3. METHODOLOGY DYNAMIC ANALYSIS was using CAE tools generating the 3D modeling software are Catia, Pro-E, solid edge etc. Catia is preferred geometry of the surface feature. Catia is mostly used along the surface features. Various software using Meshingare hyper mesh, Ansys. If we have selected ANSYS having more users friendly for complex geometry features. For examples is analysis software like Ansys, Abacus, Nastran, Radios, and Patronetc. But for our geometry Ansys is nonlinear functions are solved easily. Figure 2 Flow chart for ANSYS editor@iaeme.com

3 Design and Analys of Knuckle Streering using Finite Element Analysis 3.1. Knuckle Steering A Steering Knuckle is one of the important components of vehicles. Knuckle steering main use of Connects brake, suspension, wheel hub and steering system to the chassis. It undergoes varying loads subjected to different circumstances, while not distressing vehicle steering performance and other desired vehicle characteristics. The knuckle steering mechanism of a car free to revolve on a on single axis. The knuckle is vital component that delivers all the forces generated at the Tier to the chassis by means of the suspension system. The design of the knuckle is usually done considering the various forces acting on it which involves all the forces generated by the road reaction on the wheel when the vehicle is in motion. Figure 3 Knuckle steering 3.2. Modeling and Analysis of Steering Knuckle Steering knuckle model of light utility vehicle (LUV) is modeled in catia with existing dimension. This model is further used for process of reduced vibration. The forces acting on the steering knuckle are due to forces created the tire due to static or dynamic conditions when vehicle is stationary or in running conditions. Analysis of steering knuckle is done in ADAMS for these forces which are acting on it. Forces are due to static load of vehicle, steering effort, breaking force (Moment force) and due to constraints of the vehicle. Cad model created in catia works in imported into ANSYS for analysis. Structural components of knuckle are one of the important components in the suspension system. It was working a crucial role in vertical and rotation of the body of poor passenger vehicle on a rough road. A knuckle component are required to load and torque included by bumping, braking, and acceleration helps in steering of connecting rod and rotating at axis center Designing A CAD Model CAD models are steering knuckle developed in 3D designing by using software CATIA. Stubhole, brake caliper mounting points, steering rod mounting points, suspension upper and lower arm mounting points. Knuckle steering design mainly used suspension and damping geometry working at reduced vibrations. Figure 4 Knuckle steering in catia model editor@iaeme.com

4 M. Senthil Kumar, R. Ramesh Kumar, Mathew Alphonse and K Karthik 3.4. Material Selection Many other materials used for manufacturing of steering knuckle mainly depend ongrey cast iron and white cast iron. But grey cast iron was mostly used at industries. Forged steel materials areusing on that an application. Table 1 Material Property 3.5. Problem Formulation The steering knuckle is a maximum weight of all suspension components. We need requires of weight reduction. The current method was challenged to Steering Knuckle Arm is the most optimal configuration of the input conditions of loading. Stress distribution on the component are after loading Ansys Modeling Figure 5 Loading conditions for steering knuckle Figure 6 Ansys modeling editor@iaeme.com

5 Ansys Meshed Model Design and Analys of Knuckle Streering using Finite Element Analysis Displacement Applied for Model Figure 7 Ansys meshed modeling Modal & Transient Analysis Figure 8 Displacement applied for model Mode I Figure 9 Modal Analysis Figure 10 Mode1 left arm deflections editor@iaeme.com

6 M. Senthil Kumar, R. Ramesh Kumar, Mathew Alphonse and K Karthik Mode II Figure 11 Mode 2 left arm and shock absorber deflections Mode III Figure 12 Mode 3 ball joint loading Figure 13 Amplitude vs. frequencies Figure 14 Model & transient analysis editor@iaeme.com

7 Design and Analys of Knuckle Streering using Finite Element Analysis Figure 15 Amplitude vs. frequency 4. VIBRATION ACOUSTIC CALCULATION 4.1. Acoustic Equations Acoustic analysis was working at ANSYS Multi physics and ANSYS Mechanical products. This is the important of analysis and coupled acoustic-structural interaction (FSI) to the uncoupled acoustic wave form of environment. Dynamic analyses are using modal, timeharmonic, and transient acoustic analysis

8 M. Senthil Kumar, R. Ramesh Kumar, Mathew Alphonse and K Karthik A single equation that totally describes the physical state of fluid, designated as the acoustic wave equation, can be derived in terms of the instantaneous acoustic pressure. It is expressed The following topics related to applying settings for an acoustic analysis solution are available: Typical Subjective Description of Sound Pressure Level 0-40 db : quiet to very quiet db : noisy 100 db : very noisy > 120 db : intolerable 4.2. Online Calculations This calculation has been taken from onlinecalculater.com editor@iaeme.com

9 Design and Analys of Knuckle Streering using Finite Element Analysis 5. CONCLUSIONS In this project, Finite element analysis of a knuckle steering was used to demonstrate and investigate aspects of vibration theory. The solutions compare favorably to theoretical and results obtained using ANSYS method. Lastly when harmonic analysis is performed, it also favors the result obtained using different approaches and confirms that resonance occurs at fundamental natural frequency. Future work will be mostly focused on the improvement of the mechanical modeling of the structure and the force definition together with the impedance characterization of the sound absorbing materials and reduced vibrations. REFERENCES [1] H HYoo and S H Shin, "Vibration analysis of rotating cantilever beams", Journal of Sound& Vibration, Pages , 12 Dec [2] Mousa Rezaee and Reza Hassannejad, "Damped free vibration analysis of a beam with a fatigue crack using energy balance methods", International Journal of the Physical Sciences, Pages , Volume 5(6), June, [3] Chih Ling Huang, Wen Yi Lin, Luo Mo Hsio, "Free vibration analysis of rotating euler beams and high angular velocity", Deptt. of Mechanical Engineering; National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu Tiawan 14 Nov [4] H. Ding, G.C. Zhang, LQ Chen, "Supercritical vibration of non-linear coupled moving beams based on discrete four year transform", International Journal of non linear mechanics, [5] Liao- Liang Ke, Jie Yang, Sritawat Kitipornchai, Yanghh Xiang, "Flexural Vibration and Elastic Buckling of a cracked Timoshenko beam made of functionally graded materials", Journal of advanced materials and structure, Volume 16, Paged , [6] Metin O Kaya, "Free vibration analysis of a rotating Timoshenko beam by differential transform method", International Journal of Aircraft Engg. & Aerospace, Volume 78, Pages , [7] Ramesh Kumar R, Thiruvengadam, et al., Manufacturing and force determination of composite disc brake, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, Feb 2017 [8] Mathew Alphonse, R Ganesh, Murugu Nachiappan et al., Crash testing of self piercing rivet using Ls Dyna software, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 10 (12), pp [9] Dhiraj Malu, Nikhil Katare, Suraj Runwal, Saurabh L adhe, Design Methodology for Steering System of an ATV. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 7(5), 2016, pp editor@iaeme.com