Grandparents U, 2018 Part 1

Transcription

1 Grandparents U, 2018 Part 1 Computer Programming for Beginners Filip Jagodzinski

2 Preliminaries : Course Website All of these slides will be provided for you online So for the time being just relax and listen!

3 Introduction Who here has played Pokemon Go?

4 Introduction Who here has played Pokemon Go? What about Super Mario Brothers? Candy Land?

5 Introduction Who here has played Pokemon Go? What about Super Mario Brothers? Candy Land? Q: How are such games made?

6 Learning how to Program Computer programming is done using a computer CODE, or coding You learn by making mistakes, sort of like learning how to ride the bicycle Q: How many people were involved in making Pokemon Go

7 Learning how to Program Computer programming is done using a computer CODE, or coding You learn by making mistakes, sort of like learning how to ride the bicycle Q: How many people were involved in making Pokemon Go Hundreds!

8 Learning how to Program Learning how to program is like learning a new language You learn by making mistakes Then you try some more

9 Learning how to Program Learning how to program is like learning a new language You learn by making mistakes Then you try some more Then you make more mistakes

10 Learning how to Program Learning how to program is like learning a new language You learn by making mistakes Then you try some more Then you make more mistakes Then you try some more Difficult question : What happens next?

11 Learning how to Program Learning how to program is like learning a new language You learn by making mistakes Then you try some more Then you make more mistakes Then you try some more Then you make bigger mistakes and everything breaks

12 Programming is an art and a science A nice game of thermonuclear war Programs (apps) on your smartphone A simple python program Q: These all depict programs what do they have in common? How are they different?

13 Programming is an art and a science Solutions: (as perceived by the enduser)

14 Programming is an art and a science Solutions: (as perceived by the enduser) Programs: (implementation of a program)

15 CPU The brain of the computer CPU Central Processing Unit Q: What does a CPU do? Q: How does a CPU work?

16 CPU The brain of the computer Instruction (input) Result (output) CPU Central Processing Unit Q: What does a CPU do? Q: How does a CPU work?

17 CPU The brain of the computer Instruction (input) Result (output) That s what we want to write the instructions for a computer so that when the computer runs our program the program behaves as designed

18 Our goals Overview of the Course Write a program that prints Hello world to the screen Write a program to store and display your name and age

19 Our goals Overview of the Course Write a program that prints Hello world to the screen Write a program to store and display your name and age AI Write a program to predict what clothing you should wear

20 Our goals Overview of the Course Write a program that prints Hello world to the screen Write a program to store and display your name and age AI Write a program to predict what clothing you should wear Write a program that prints your name to the screen using turtles DEMO

21 The programming language that we ll be using

22 print Luckily, python has many built in functions these are features of a program that somebody else has written, and which you will use to build your custom program One of the most basic function is named print here s how you use it

23 Variables Variables are one of the most basic parts of ANY program and ANY programming language why do we need them?

24 Variables Variables are one of the most basic parts of ANY program and ANY programming language why do we need them? Computers are really good at storing (and remembering ) information (data). Humans on the other hand are pretty lousy at it

25 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables When you (a human) try to remember something, you make associations

26 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables When you (a human) try to remember something, you make associations My mom s hair color is blond My dog s name is Emma I teach at WWU

27 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables When you (a human) try to remember something, you make associations My mom s hair color My mom s hair color is blond My dog s name is Emma I teach at WWU My dog s name I teach at EMMA

28 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables It is a three step process you must come up with a name for a variable, and assign it a value

29 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables Step 1 come up with variable names Q: What are good variable names to hold the data blond, Emma and 34 My mom s hair color My dog s name EMMA 34 My favorite number

30 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables mymomshaircolor My mom s hair color mydogsname My dog s name EMMA favenum My favorite number 34

31 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables mymomshaircolor mydogsname favenum Step 2 : use the assignment operator to set the value of a variable My mom s hair color My dog s name EMMA 34 My favorite number

32 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables mymomshaircolor = My mom s hair color mydogsname = My dog s name EMMA favenum = My favorite number 34

33 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables mymomshaircolor = My mom s hair color mydogsname = favenum = Step 3 : to the right of the assignment operation you place the value that you want to assign to the variable name on the left My dog s name EMMA My favorite number 34

34 Variables Q: how does a computer program remember things A variable is a name that refers to a value. Computers can store (remember) many values, hence a program can have many (millions, if the conditions are right), of variables mymomshaircolor = blond mydogsname = Emma favenum = 34 Now you can use the variable in your program, and the computer will know it is referring to the data that you assigned to that variable

35 Variables Putting it all together, what does the below program do when you run it?

36 The input function One other important function in python is named input Use it to ask the user to provide an answer to a question, which you can then store in a variable

37 Doing something over and over again Humans are also really good at making mistakes if we are tired or doing something over and over again but computers are REALLY good at doing something over and over again Write a program that prints Hello 9 times But there s an easier way!

38 Doing something over and over again Humans are also really good at making mistakes if we are tired or doing something over and over again but computers are REALLY good at doing something over and over again Write a program that prints Hello 9 times But there s an easier way!

39 Doing something over and over again Humans are also really good at making mistakes if we are tired or doing something over and over again but computers are REALLY good at doing something over and over again Write a program that prints Hello 9 times But there s an easier way!

40 Doing something over and over again Humans are also really good at making mistakes if we are tired or doing something over and over again but computers are REALLY good at doing something over and over again Write a program that prints Hello 9 times But there s an easier way!

41 Doing something over and over again Humans are also really good at making mistakes if we are tired or doing something over and over again but computers are REALLY good at doing something over and over again Write a program that prints Hello 9 times But there s an easier way!

42 Doing something over and over again Humans are also really good at making mistakes if we are tired or doing something over and over again but computers are REALLY good at doing something over and over again Write a program that prints Hello 9 times But there s an easier way!

43 Doing something over and over again For this morning s task, write a program that asks you to input your name, your age, and prints that information to the screen 15 times

44 Conditional One neat thing about programs is that they seem to be smart Goal : Write a program that will tell you want clothing to wear

45 Conditional One neat thing about programs is that they seem to be smart Goal : Write a program that will tell you want clothing to wear If you want your program to be intelligent, use if

46 Conditional One neat thing about programs is that they seem to be smart Goal : Write a program that will tell you want clothing to wear age = int(input( what is your age )) if (age > 10) : print( you are older than 10 years )

47 Conditional One neat thing about programs is that they seem to be smart Goal : Write a program that will tell you want clothing to wear age = int(input( what is your age )) if (age > 10) : print( you are older than 10 years ) If the input is a number, use the int function in combination with input

48 Conditional One neat thing about programs is that they seem to be smart Goal : Write a program that will tell you want clothing to wear age = int(input( what is your age )) if (age > 10) : print( you are older than 10 years ) The if is used to check whether something is true or not

49 Conditional One neat thing about programs is that they seem to be smart Goal : Write a program that will tell you want clothing to wear age = int(input( what is your age )) if (age > 10) : print( you are older than 10 years ) The code inside the if is run ONLY If the if statement was true

50 Conditional One neat thing about programs is that they seem to be smart Goal : Write a program that will tell you want clothing to wear age = int(input( what is your age )) if (age > 10) : print( you are older than 10 years ) raining= input( is it raining ) temp = int(input( what is the temp )) if (raining == yes and temp < 40) : print( wear a hat, globes, and jacket! )

51 Conditional One neat thing about programs is that they seem to be smart Goal : Write a program that will tell you want clothing to wear age = int(input( what is your age )) if (age > 10) : print( you are older than 10 years ) raining= input( is it raining ) temp = int(input( what is the temp )) if (raining == yes and temp < 40) : print( wear a hat, globes, and jacket! ) Check the value of a variable by using the double equal sign!

52 Conditional One neat thing about programs is that they seem to be smart Goal : Write a program that will tell you want clothing to wear age = int(input( what is your age )) if (age > 10) : print( you are older than 10 years ) raining= input( is it raining ) temp = int(input( what is the temp )) if (raining == yes and temp < 40) : print( wear a hat, globes, and jacket! ) Use and to check the values of several things. The above code checks if the variable raining has the value yes and the temperature is less than 40

53 Doing something over and over again For your second program, you ll write a program that asks what temperature it is and whether it is raining, and it will tell you what clothing to wear!

54 Up Next Hands-on exercises in the lab!