Macro Magic III. SNUG Presentation (30mins)

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Hope Day
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1 Macro Magic III SNUG Presentation (30mins)

2 Overview Macro Magic Posters have been displayed at the last 2 SUGA presentations. Continue the trend Hopefully everyone will learn something new

3 SAS Macro - Introduction Used to generate (often repeated or conditional) SAS code

4 SAS Macro - Introduction proc print data=db.yr2000 noobs; var month income expense; run; proc print data=db.yr2001 noobs; var month income expense; run;

5 SAS Macro - Introduction %macro myprint(dset); proc print data=&dset noobs; var month income expense; run; %mend; %myprint(db.yr2000) %myprint(db.yr2001)

6 SAS Macro - Introduction %macro myprint(dset); proc print data=&dset noobs; var month income expense; run; %mend; %myprint(db.yr2000) %myprint(db.yr2001)

7 SAS Macro - Introduction %macro myprint(dset); proc print data=&dset noobs; var month income expense; run; %mend; %myprint(db.yr2000) %myprint(db.yr2001)

8 SAS Macro - Introduction %macro myprint(dset); proc print data=&dset noobs; var month income expense; run; %mend; %myprint(db.yr2000) %myprint(db.yr2001)

9 SAS Macro - Introduction %macro myprint(dset); proc print data=db.yr2000 noobs; var month income expense; Executed Code run; %mend; %myprint(db.yr2000) %myprint(db.yr2001)

10 Error Checking Production SAS jobs should have error checking May need to run certain steps based on failure &syserr, &syslibrc, &sysfilrc, &syslckrc 0=success, +ve=error, -ve=warning %goto

11 Error Checking %macro update_db; libname db "Q:\Data\Files" access=readonly; %if &syslibrc ne 0 %then %goto err_lib; proc append base=db.invoices data=work.invoices; run; %if &syserr ne 0 %then %goto err_append; %goto finish;

12 Error Checking %err_lib: % _db("update_db: Library failure",admins); %goto finish; %err_append: % _db("update_db: Append failure",admins); %goto finish; %finish: %mend update_db;

13 Error Checking OPTIONS ERRORABEND; is a good alternative, although has less control. When an ERROR occurs, SAS will stop. Beware this will close down an interactive session unexpectedly!!!

14 Platform Checking &sysscp can be used to determine the platform Standard macro library for all platforms, with occasional conditional code %if &sysscp=win %then %do; %put &sysscp;

15 Platform Checking %macro myalloc(file); %if &sysscp=win %then %do; libname data "Q:\Data\&file" access=readonly; %end; %else %if &sysscp=os %then %do; libname data "PROD.Q.&file..DATA" disp=shr; %end; %mend myalloc;

16 Version of SAS Checking Some installations may have more than one version of SAS installed %if &sysver=8.2 %then %do;

17 Call Execute Call Execute enables you to execute code conditionally without macro CALL EXECUTE(arg); The argument is executed at the next step boundary

18 Call Execute

19 Call Execute %macro myprint(style); proc print data=sasuser.houses; title "Style of '&style'"; where style="&style"; run; %mend myprint;

20 Call Execute proc freq data=sasuser.houses noprint; run; table style / out=work.styles;

21 Call Execute proc freq data=sasuser.houses noprint; run; table style / out=work.styles; data _null_; set work.styles; call execute('%myprint('!!style!!');'); run;

22 Call Execute 67 data _null_; 68 set work.styles; 69 call execute('%myprint('!!style!!');'); 70 run; NOTE: There were 4 observations read from the data set... NOTE: CALL EXECUTE generated line. 1 + proc print data=sasuser.houses; title "Style of 'CONDO'"; where style="condo"; run;

23 Version 8 Enhancements %scan(argument,n<,delimiter>); Now allows negative indexes fullfile=d:\data\budget\2001.xls %let file=%scan(&fullfile,-1,\); file=2001.xls

24 Version 6 Goodies %sysfunc(function(arg(s))<,format>); Enables you to use standard SAS functions not normally available to SAS Macros. title "%sysfunc(date(),worddate.)"; title "July 24, 2002";

25 Version 6 Goodies %sysfunc(function(arg(s))<,format>); Enables you to use standard SAS functions not normally available to SAS Macros. %let date=%sysfunc(today()); title "%sysfunc(intnx(month,&date,0),date9.)"; title "01JUL2002";

26 Version 6 Goodies - %sysfunc %macro printds(dset); %if %sysfunc(exist(&dset))=1 %then %do; proc print data=&dset; run; %end; %else %put The data set &dset does not exist.; %mend printds;

27 Version 6 Goodies - %sysfunc SAS Functions Not Available with %SYSFUNC and %QSYSFUNC DIF DIM HBOUND IORCMSG INPUT LBOUND LAG MISSING PUT RESOLVE SYMGET All Variable Information Functions

28 Utility Macros Simple dataset locking without SAS/SHARE %lock_dataset %unlock_dataset

29 Utility Macros - Lock %macro lock_dataset(dsn); %global lock_dataset_rc; %let lock_dataset_rc = 0; %let _max_attempts = 10; %let _attempt = 0; %check_exists: %if %sysfunc(exist(&dsn)) ne 1 %then %goto missing_dsn; %lock_dataset: lock &dsn; %let rc = &syslckrc;

30 Utility Macros - Lock %if &rc ne 0 %then %goto try_again; %goto finish; %try_again: lock &dsn clear; %let _attempt = %eval(&_attempt + 1); %if &_attempt eq &_max_attempts %then %goto lock_error; %if &_attempt ne &_max_attempts %then %let rc = %sysfunc(sleep(1,1)); %goto lock_dataset;

31 Utility Macros - Lock %lock_error: %let lock_dataset_rc = 10; %goto finish; %missing_dsn: %let lock_dataset_rc = 20; %goto finish; %finish: %mend lock_dataset;

32 Utility Macros - Unlock %macro unlock_dataset(dsn); %global unlock_dataset_rc; %let unlock_dataset_rc = 0; %check_exists: %if %sysfunc(exist(&dsn)) ne 1 %then %goto missing_dsn; %unlock_dataset: lock &dsn clear; %let rc = &syslckrc; %if &rc ne 0 %then %goto unlock_error; %goto finish;

33 Utility Macros - Unlock %unlock_error: %let unlock_dataset_rc = 10; %goto finish; %missing_dsn: %let unlock_dataset_rc = 20; %goto finish; %finish: %mend unlock_dataset;

34 Macro Comments Don't forget to comment your code with: /* Standard comment type 1 */ * Standard comment type 2 ; %* Macro comments look like this ;

35 Conclusion The SAS Macro Language is a powerful tool for use with the SAS programming language Hopefully the techniques presented will be helpful in your own application development

36 References SAS OnlineDoc BASE SAS; SAS Macro Language Reference SAS Institute Training SAS Macro Language (2 Day) Advanced SAS Macro Programming (2 Day)

37 Macro Magic III Presentation available on our website:

Why & How To Use SAS Macro Language: Easy Ways To Get More Value & Power from Your SAS Software Tools

Why & How To Use SAS Macro Language: Easy Ways To Get More Value & Power from Your SAS Software Tools LeRoy Bessler PhD Bessler Consulting and Research Strong Smart Systems Mequon, WI, USA Le_Roy_Bessler@wi.rr.com