SAS coding for those who like to be control

Transcription

1 SAS coding for those who like to be control Montreal SAS Users Group 30 May 2018 Charu Shankar SAS Institute, Toronto

2 About your presenter SAS Senior Technical Training Specialist, Charu Shankar teaches by engaging with logic, visuals and analogies to spark critical thinking. She interviews clients to recommend the right SAS training. She is a frequent blogger for the SAS Training Post. When she s not teaching technology, she is passionate about helping people come alive with yoga and is a food blogger. Charu has presented at over 100 SAS international user group conferences on topics related to SAS programming, SQL, DS2 programming, tips and tricks with coding, new features of SAS and SAS Enterprise Guide.

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4 AGENDA 1. The dataset controller 2. The observation controller 3. The function controller 4. The format controller 5. The PROC controller 6. The Macro controller 7. The SQL controller 8. Questions 9. Handy Links

5 Providing high quality SAS training since THE DATASET CONTROLLER

6 1. THE DATASET CONTROLLER Business Scenario create 3 new data sets based on country value. Added complexity-not too happy with SQL, needs 3 reads must do everything in 1 read of the table. orion.employee_addresses usa other Country='US' australia Country='AU'

7 1. THE DATASET CONTROLLER Creating Multiple SAS Data Sets List names of output data sets in the DATA statement. DATA <SAS-data-set-1 SAS-data-set-n>; data usa australia other; set monsug2.employee_addresses; if Country='AU' then output australia; else if Country='US' then output usa; else output other; run; You can direct output to a specific data set or data sets by listing the data set names in the OUTPUT statement. p202d03

8 1. THE DATASET CONTROLLER Check the SAS Log Three data sets were created. The log shows that US was the most frequently occurring value. Partial SAS Log NOTE: There were 424 observations read from the data set MONSUG2.EMPLOYEE_ADDRESSES. NOTE: The data set WORK.USA has 311 observations and 9 variables. NOTE: The data set WORK.AUSTRALIA has 105 observations and 9 variables. NOTE: The data set WORK.OTHER has 8 observations and 9 variables. 8

9 1. THE DATASET CONTROLLER Get control with PROC FREQ proc freq data=monsug2.employee_addresses order=freq; tables country; run; 9

10 Providing high quality SAS training since THE OBSERVATION CONTROLLER

11 2. THE OBSERVATION CONTROLLER Business Scenario forecast growth rate of 6 departments for a 2-year period. Current Employee Count Total_ Department Employees Increase Administration Engineering IS Marketing Sales Sales Management Total_ Department Employees Increase Year Predicted Two-Year Growth Rate Administration Administration Engineering Engineering IS IS

12 2. THE OBSERVATION CONTROLLER Explicit Output The explicit OUTPUT statement writes contents of the program data vector (PDV) to the output data set or data sets. The explicit OUTPUT statement overrides implicit output. data forecast; set monsug2.growth; Year=1; 1 2 run; Total_Employees=Total_Employees*(1+Increase); output; OUTPUT <SAS-data-set-1 SAS-data-set-n>; Year=2; Total_Employees=Total_Employees*(1+Increase); output; No implicit OUTPUT; Implicit RETURN; p202d01

13 2. THE OBSERVATION CONTROLLER Partial SAS Log NOTE: There were 6 observations read from the data set MONSUG2.GROWTH. NOTE: The data set WORK.FORECAST has 12 observations and 4 variables. Partial PROC PRINT Output Total_ Department Employees Year Administration Administration Engineering Engineering IS IS Marketing Marketing Copyright SAS Institute Inc. All rights reserved. 2 13

14 Providing high quality SAS training since THE FUNCTION CONTROLLER

15 3. THE FUNCTION CONTROLLER Business Scenario Complete the assignment statement to correctly extract 2007 from the Text variable data Scan_Quiz; Text="New Year's Day, January 1st, 2007"; Year=? ; run; a. scan(text,6); b. scan(text,6,', '); c. All of the above would work. d. Is there a 4th better way? p205d05

16 3. THE FUNCTION CONTROLLER SCAN Function: Details When you use the SCAN function: A missing value is returned if there are fewer than n words in the string. If n is negative, the SCAN function selects the word in the character string starting from the end of string. NewVar=SCAN(string,n<,charlist>); The SCAN function returns the nth word of a character value.

17 4. THE FORMAT CONTROLLER

18 4. THE FORMAT CONTROLLER Business Scenario Management has requested using country names, instead of country codes, in reports. Country Population Country_ID AU 20,000, CA. 260 DE 80,000, IL 5,000, Country Population Country_ID Australia 20,000, Canada. 260 Germany 80,000, Israel 5,000,

19 4. THE FORMAT CONTROLLER Creating a Format (the manual way) Use PROC FORMAT to create the format. proc format; value $country 'AU' = 'Australia' 'CA' = 'Canada' 'DE' = 'Germany' 'IL' = 'Israel' 'TR' = 'Turkey' 'US' = 'United States' 'ZA' = 'South Africa'; run;

20 4. THE FORMAT CONTROLLER Using a Control Data Set to Create a Format Instead of entering all of the values in PROC FORMAT, you can create a format from a SAS data set that contains the code and value information. Partial Listing of orion.country Country AU Country_Name Australia Control data set CA DE IL TR Canada Germany Israel Turkey Partial Listing of country Start Label FmtName AU Australi a $country CA Canada $country PROC FORMAT $country DE German y $country IL Israel $country TR Turkey $country

21 4. THE FORMAT CONTROLLER Using a Control Data Set to Create a Format Partial orion.country Country Country_ Country_ Population Country_ID Continent_ID Name FormerName AU Australia 20,000, CA Canada DE Germany 80,000, East/West Germany IL Israel 5,000, DATA Step Start Label FmtName data country; keep Start Label FmtName; retain FmtName '$country'; set monsug1.country(rename=(country=start Country_Name=Label)); run;

22 4. THE FORMAT CONTROLLER Using a Control Data Set to Create a Format Use the CNTLIN= option to read the data and create the format. proc format cntlin=country; run; CNTLIN=SAS-data-set The variables FmtName, Start, and Label are required in order to create a format from a CNTLIN data set.

23 4. THE FORMAT CONTROLLER Where Formats Are Stored By default, formats are stored in the work.formats catalog and exist only for the duration of the SAS session. PROC FORMAT; work.formats

24 4. THE FORMAT CONTROLLER Using the LIBRARY= Option Use the LIBRARY= option to control where the format is stored. proc format library=monsug1.myfmts cntlin=country; run; LIBRARY=libref.catalog

25 5. THE PROC CONTROLLER Business Scenario Providing high quality SAS training since 1972 summer construction plan in the city of Montreal included an upside down Pylon in every pothole. But mistakes happen.. Some neighbourhoods have multiple pylons. While you have to admit.. They make a style statement. But The city wants your help in identifying duplicates.

26 5. THE PROC CONTROLLER Providing high quality SAS training since 1972

27 5. THE PROC CONTROLLER Report 1 Providing high quality SAS training since 1972 libname pylon pcfiles path= 'c:\monsug 2018\montroyal pylons.xlsx'; proc freq data=pylon.'mondieu$'n order=data; tables quartier; run;

28 5. THE PROC CONTROLLER Report 2 Providing high quality SAS training since 1972 proc freq data=pylon.'mondieu$'n order=freq; tables quartier; run;

29 5. THE PROC CONTROLLER Report 3 Providing high quality SAS training since 1972 proc freq data=pylon.'mondieu$'n noprint; tables quartier/out=dups(where=(count >1)) nocum nopercent; run;

30 Providing high quality SAS training since THE MACRO CONTROLLER Who is really in charge :)

31 Providing high quality SAS training since THE MACRO CONTROLLER Business Scenario List all royal couples who dated under 2 years as of today. Place today's date on the title so we know this is the most modern & upto date data :)

32 Providing high quality SAS training since THE MACRO CONTROLLER title "royal couples who dated for <2 years as of today() we shall never know"; title2 "royal couples who dated for <2 years as of %sysfunc(today(), date.)"; proc print data=royal.'marriages$'n noobs; var name title meetingplace yearsdated; where yearsdated <=2; run;

33 6. THE MACRO CONTROLLER Macro Functions %SYSFUNC is a powerful macro function that can be used to execute data step functions. %SYSFUNC (function(argument-1 <...argument-n>)<, format> ); %SYSFUNC (TODAY(), weekdate.);

34 7. THE SQL CONTROLLER Providing high quality SAS training since 1972

35 7. THE SQL CONTROLLER Business Scenario List all employees in the Sales Department with salaries above the department average. Include the average salary for the department in the report title. Sales Department Employees Earning More than the Department Average of Row Employee_ID Salary ƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒ

36 7. THE SQL CONTROLLER Creating Macro Variables: Syntax 1 Syntax 1 places values from the first row returned by an SQL query into one or more macro variables. Data from additional rows returned by the query is ignored. SELECT column-1 format=format-name. <, column-n> INTO :macvar_1<,... :macvar_n> FROM table view The value from the first column in the SELECT clause is placed in the first macro variable listed in the INTO clause, and so on.

37 7. THE SQL CONTROLLER Creating One Macro Variable: Syntax 1 Step 1 store average Sales Department salary in macro variable. %let Dept=Sales; proc sql noprint; select avg(salary) into :MeanSalary from monsug2.employee_payroll as p, monsug2.employee_organization as o where p.employee_id=o.employee_id and Department=propcase("&Dept"); quit; s108d06

38 7. THE SQL CONTROLLER Step 2 Use stored macro variable List employees in the Sales Department with salaries greater than the average. Include average salary in title. reset print number; title "&Dept Department Employees Earning"; title2 "More than the Department Average " "of &MeanSalary"; select p.employee_id, Salary from monsug2.employee_payroll as p, monsug2.employee_organization as o where p.employee_id=o.employee_id and Department=Propcase("&Dept") and Salary > &MeanSalary; quit; s108d06

39 7. THE SQL CONTROLLER Sales Department Employees Earning More than the Department Average of Row Employee_ID Salary ƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒ

40 6. HANDY LINKS SAS programmer Rule #1 PROC SQL query INTO a macro variable Creating a format from a Control Dataset Explicit OUTPUT statement in the Data step SCAN function returns Nth word from character string %SYSFUNC macro variable supports sas functions in the other parts of sas code

41 Thank you Charu Shankar SAS Institute Toronto Blog Twitter CharuYogaCan Linkedin