PHP? PHP (recursive acronym "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor") Open Source general-purpose scripting language Web development

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Eleanore Goodman
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1 Intro to PHP

2 PHP? PHP (recursive acronym "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor") Open Source general-purpose scripting language Web development Ugrađen u HTML. HTML script sa kodom koji nešto radi Izvršavanje na serveru

3 PHP? Primer: <html> <head> <title>prvi PHP program</title> </head> <body> <?php echo "<p>zdravo Djaci!</p>"; print "<p>zdravo Djaci?</p>"?> </body> </html>

4 Karakteristike Podrška bazama podataka: Adabas D, Ingres, Oracle (OCI7 and OCI8), dbase, InterBase, Ovrimos, Empress, FrontBase, PostgreSQL, FilePro (readonly), msql, Solid Hyperwave, Direct MS-SQL, Sybase, IBM DB2, MySQL, Velocis, Informix, ODBC, Unix dbm DBX database apstrakcija ODBC, the Open Database Connection standard, Podrška protokolima kao što su LDAP, IMAP, SNMP, NNTP, POP3, HTTP, COM (on Windows) itd...

5 Osnovna sintaksa Prelaz iz HTML 1. <? echo ("this is the simplest, an SGML processing instruction\n");?> <?= expression?> This is a shortcut for "<? echo expression?>" 2. <?php echo("if you want to serve XHTML or XML documents, do like this\n");?> 3. <script language="php"> echo ("some editors (like FrontPage) don t like processing instructions"); </script> 4. <% echo ("You may optionally use ASP-style tags"); %> <%= $variable; # This is a shortcut for "<% echo..." %>

6 Osnovna sintaksa Malo napredniji prelaz <?php if ($expression) {?> <strong>this is true.</strong> <?php } else {?> <strong>this is false.</strong> <?php }?>

7 Separacija instrukcija Kao C ; tag (?>) isto podrayumeva kraj instrukcije Ekvivalentno je: <?php echo "This is a test";?> <?php echo "This is a test"?>

8 Comments Isto kao C, C++ <?php echo "This is a test"; // This is a oneline c++ style comment /* This is a multi line comment yet another line of comment */ echo "This is yet another test"; echo "One Final Test"; # This is shellstyle style comment?>

9 Tipovi podataka Osnovni. 4 skalarna: boolean integer floating-point number (float) string 2 složena: array object 2 specijalna: resource NULL

10 Scalari Primer: $A = true; (boolean) $B = 20; (integer) $C = ; (float)

11 Stringovi Jedan navod Promenljive su literali Dupli navod Promenljive se prvo obračunaju $A = 20; echo The value of A is $A ; echo The value of A is $A ;

12 Stringvi - funkcije string_funkcije.doc

13 Nizovi Primer: <?php $cars = array("volvo", "BMW", "Toyota"); echo "I like ". $cars[0]. ", ". $cars[1]. " and ". $cars[2]. ".";?> Vrste: Indeksirani numerički index Asociativni imenovani ključevi Multidimenzioni

14 <?php $cars = array("volvo", "BMW", "Toyota"); $arrlength = count($cars); for($x = 0; $x < $arrlength; $x++) { echo $cars[$x]; echo "<br>"; }?>

15 <?php $age = array("peter"=>"35", "Ben"=>"37", "Joe"=>"43"); foreach($age as $x => $x_value) { echo "Key=". $x. ", Value=". $x_value; // konkatenacija stringova echo "<br>"; }?>

16 Objekti Inicijalizacija new statement pravi insatncu <?php class foo { function do_foo() { echo "Doing foo."; } } $bar = new foo; $bar->do_foo();?>

17 Null Promenjiva nema dodeljenu vrednost

18 Koverzija tipova primer $foo = "0"; // $foo is string (ASCII 48) $foo += 2; // $foo is now an integer (2) $foo = $foo + 1.3; // $foo is now a float (3.3) $foo = 5 + "10 Little Piggies"; // $foo is integer (15) $foo = 5 + "10 Small Pigs"; // $foo is integer (15)

19 Promenjive primer $var = "Bob"; $Var = "Joe"; echo "$var, $Var"; // outputs "Bob, Joe" $4site = not yet ; // invalid; starts with a number $_4site = not yet ; // valid; starts with an underscore $täyte = mansikka ; // valid; ä is ASCII 228.

20 PHP predefinisane promenjive $argv Array of arguments passed to the script. $argc Contains the number of command line parameters passed to the script (if run on the command line). $PHP_SELF The filename of the currently executing script, relative to the document root. $HTTP_COOKIE_VARS An associative array of variables passed to the current script via HTTP cookies. $_COOKIE An associative array of variables passed to the current script via HTTP cookies. $HTTP_GET_VARS An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the HTTP GET method.

21 PHP predefinisane promenjive $_GET An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the HTTP GET method. $HTTP_POST_VARS An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the HTTP POST method. $_POST An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the HTTP POST method. $HTTP_POST_FILES An associative array of variables containing information about files uploaded via the HTTP POST method. $_FILES An associative array of variables containing information about files uploaded via the HTTP POST method

22 PHP predefinisane promenjive $HTTP_ENV_VARS An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the parent environment. $_ENV An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the parent environment. $HTTP_SERVER_VARS An associative array of variables passed to the current script from the HTTP server. $_SERVER An associative array of variables passed to the current script from the HTTP server.

23 PHP predefinisane promenjive $HTTP_SESSION_VARS An associative array of session variables passed to the current script. $_SESSION An associative array of session variables passed to the current script. $_REQUEST An associative array merged from the GET, POST, and Cookie variables. In other words - all the information that is coming from the user, and that from a security point of view, cannot be trusted.

24 Scope Prom. deklarisane van funkcija i klasa su globalne ali van funkicja Nisu automatski definisane unutar funkcija! Eksplicitna deklaracija: global $a, $b; $GLOBALS niz $foo = $GLOBALS[ a ]

25 HTML Forme (GET & POST) Kada se forma pošalje u PHP script, svaka proenjiva postaje dostupna. Locirana u asocijativnim niyovima $HTTP_POST_VARS, $HTTP_GET_VARS, and/or $HTTP_POST_FILES, Primer. Jednostavna forma <form action="foo.php" method="post"> Name: <input type="text" name="username"><br> <input type="submit"> </form> Kada se prehodna forma posalje serveru vrednost sledeceg tekstuakbog unosa je u $HTTP_POST_VARS[ username ].

26 Control structures If, then, else, elseif, while, foreach, do while, for, break, continue, switch, case, return Jako slično kao C/C++

27 Ostalo require(/path/to/file.php) Includes and evaluates the specified file include(...) Same thing include_once(...) Makes sure same file is not included multiple times

28 Funkcije sintaksa: function funct1 ($arg_1, $arg_2,..., $arg_n) { echo "Example function.\n"; return $retval; }

Database-Enabled Web Applications.! Introduction to PHP! Connecting to IBM DB2 with PHP

Database-Enabled Web Applications! Introduction to PHP! Connecting to IBM DB2 with PHP Interfacing a Database to the Web! Classical client/server architecture: " server program waits for requests " clients