BROADBAND CHALLENGES, & THE VISION AND ROLE OF THE ITU. by Mike Nxele, ITU PresentaCon at ICTP Wireless Networking Conference Trieste, Italy

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1 BROADBAND CHALLENGES, & THE VISION AND ROLE OF THE ITU by Mike Nxele, ITU PresentaCon at ICTP Wireless Networking Conference Trieste, Italy 1

2 PresentaCon Overview ITU and ITU- D Significance of BB Trends in Penetra7on and Regula7on Vision of the ITU on BB Broadband Commission Other work of the ITU on BB Conclusion 2

3 ITU- D Overview

4 ITU IN BRIEF Leading United Na7ons Agency for ICTs. 191 Member States, 580 Sector Members Three sectors: RadiocommunicaCon StandardizaCon Development ITU TELECOM Events 4

5 ITU S GLOBAL PRESENCE 5 regional offices, 8 area offices HQ in Geneva, Switzerland 5

6 ITU- D: Your Partner for ICT Development ITU- D is a catalyst for mul7- stakeholder partnerships Mobilize human, technical and financial resources Neutral broker between government and industry Execu7ng agency for project implementa7on and expert assistance to countries 6

7 DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES Enabling Environment Infrastructure/Access Capacity Building Cybersecurity and E- Applica7ons Emergency Telecommunica7ons Regional Ini7a7ves Special Ini7a7ves Sta7s7cs and Market Informa7on 7

8 BROADBAND AND THE ATTAINMENT OF MDG S (MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS) TARGETTING BROADBAND: Broadband cuts across all areas within the Millennium Development Goals Some of the most promising applica7ons and services in informa7on and communica7ons for development are those that are delivered over high- speed broadband networks More countries are introducing na7onal broadband plans to bring more people online, but major differences in broadband access persist

9 BROADBAND AND DEVELOPMENT Mobile broadband has started to become a true alterna7ve to fixed broadband access Countries without the infrastructure for broadband networks are taking advantage of mobile broadband Example: 3G comes as wireless- faster transmission, not in need of fiber networks. Successful in countries such as Africa

10 BROADBAND AND DEVELOPMENT Internet, and especially broadband Internet, is increasingly accepted as a general purpose technology that drama7cally affects the way people communicate, do business, interact with governments and educate and inform themselves This requires governments to pursue policies that will have a significant impact on Internet usage, including an enhanced effort to deploy (fixed/ wired and/or wireless) broadband infrastructure and to include broadband in universal access plans It might be possible to reach the goal of providing broadband Internet access to at least half the popula7on by 2015 in view of the rapid spread of wireless broadband

11 Broadband and economic growth: *Source: The World Bank (2009) The Vertical axis shows the %-point rise in GDP per 10 %-point rise in penetration.

12 BROADBAND CHALLENGES POLICY FRAMEWORKS COST( Affordability) INFRASTRUCTURE( Availability) USE

13 TRENDS IN REGULATION IN BROADBAND REGULATORY WAVE ON BROADBAND Increasingly countries are making broadband a universal access regulatory issue While the average penetra7on level of mobile broadband services was 5.4 subscrip7ons per 100 inhabitants in developing countries, it is 10 7mes higher in the developed world, at 51.1 per 100 inhabitants The ongoing deployment of higher speed 3G mobile broadband networks such as WIMAX and more recently HSPA+ and LTE systems will certainly contribute to greater levels of mobile broadband services uptake worldwide Regulatory measures taken in selected countries such as spectrum reframing and the licensing of 3G services, will also contribute to accelera7ng the growth of mobile broadband penetra7on Example: mobile applica7ons, including web- based services, have significantly contributed to changing the way that users experience being online (m- applica7ons such as m- banking)

14 MAKING BROADBAND POLICY UNIVERSAL 60% of developing countries should include broadband in their Universal Access/Service Definitions Broadband as part of UAS definicon 100% 144 countries 109 countries with UAS defini7on in % 60% 40% countries with broadband in UAS definicon in % 36 0% Developing countries Developing countries with UAS defini7on Developing countries with Broadband as part of UAS defini7on

15 Mobile will be crucial for last mile rollout in developing countries: *Source: ITU World Telecommunications/ICT database 15

16 Fixed line costs are prohibicvely high in developing countries: A fixed line subscription is many times average monthly salary *Source: ITU Measuring the information society 2010

17 GROWTH IN BROADBAND PENETRATIONS Developing countries con7nue to lag behind when it comes to fixed (wired) broadband where the limited number of fixed telephone lines constrains the deployment of broadband access via xdsl Even though subscrip7ons are increasing, a penetra7on rate of less than 1 per cent in Africa for example illustrates the challenges that persist in increasing access to high- speed, high- capacity Internet access in the region The wide disparity between developed and developing countries in broadband penetra7on levels and rates of Internet access illustrates the need to ensure developing countries are not excluded from the digital informa7on society

18 and prepaid mobile broadband could unlock the door to an explosive growth in online services as well as exciting new applications which demand more BANDwidth *Based on Arthur D Little (2009) 18

19 What is the ITU doing about it?

20 THE BROADBAND COMMISSION What is it? A group, coordinated by the ITU, in which leaders from the private and public sectors have been called upon to address the importance of universal access to broadband networks What does it do? iden7fies and publicizes the importance of broadband for development hypothesizes the necessary market structures needed to promote the wide spread deployment of broadband infrastructure

21 The Broadband Commission was established in May 2010 by ITU and UNESCO in response to Ban Ki- moon s call to accelerate progress towards the MDGs. It is chaired by H.E. President Paul Kagame (Rwanda) and Mr Carlos Slim Helú (Grupo Carso); Dr Hamadoun Touré (ITU) and Ms Irina Bokova (UNESCO) serve as Co- Vice Chairs. Commissioners represent the private sector, governments, NGOs and the UN family; across mul7ple sectors to name a few: healthcare, educa7on, environmental management, finance and adver7sing. This diversity reflects the truly transforma7onal nature of Broadband. More info available at

22 The Commissioners provide advocacy and thought leadership in identifying innovative solutions for bringing broadband to the masses, at affordable prices. The Commission produces an annual State of Broadband report which provides a snapshot of the industry. All reports are available free of charge on the Commission s website. Due to the cross cutting nature of broadband technologies, the Commission has established working groups to examine key areas of impact. Active working groups include: Sustainable Development, Health, Youth and Education.

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24 AT THE BROADBAND SUMMIT IN GENEVA IN 2011, THE COMMISSION INTRODUCED FOUR MEASURABLE TARGETS FOR 2015: TARGET 1: MAKING BROADBAND POLICY UNIVERSAL TARGET 2: MAKING BROADBAND AFFORDABLE TARGET 3: CONNECTING HOMES TO BROADBAND TARGET 4: GETTING PEOPLE ONLINE

25 TARGET 1: MAKING BROADBAND POLICY UNIVERSAL 60% of developing countries should include broadband in their Universal Access/Service Definitions Broadband as part of UAS definicon 100% 144 countries 109 countries with UAS defini7on in % 60% 40% countries with broadband in UAS definicon in % 36 0% Developing countries Developing countries with UAS defini7on Developing countries with Broadband as part of UAS defini7on

26 TARGET 2: MAKING BROADBAND AFFORDABLE Entry-level broadband prices should amount to 5% or less of monthly GNI p.c. in developing countries 35 Number of developing countries % threshold. By 2015, most developing countries should have reached the threshold >50 Fixed broadband price as a % of monthly GNI per capita 26

27 TARGET 3: CONNECTING HOMES TO BROADBAND 40% of households in developing countries should have Internet access Propor7on of households with Internet access (developing countries) 40 By 2015, 40% of households should be connected to Internet 30 % The developing country classifica7ons are based on the UN M49, see: hop:// D/ict/defini7ons/regions/index.html Source: ITU World Telecommunica7on /ICT Indicators database 27

28 TARGET 4: GETTING PEOPLE ONLINE Internet user penetra7on should reach 60% worldwide, 50% in developing countries and 15% in LDCs Per 100 inhabitants World Developing LDC % of the popula7on should be online

29 ITU S VISION OF BROADBAND The Vision: Build on Broadband and the rest will follow Broadband needs to be considered as basic naconal infrastructure, as it will fundamentally reshape the world in the 21st century and change the way services are delivered from e- health to e- educa7on to e- commerce to e- government Government leaders must take the lead in forging partnerships with industry leaders to develop Na7onal Broadband Networks. And they must ensure that affordable, equitable access to broadband networks is available to all ci7zens, wherever they live, and whatever their circumstances

30 ITU S VISION OF BROADBAND The Vision: Goal by 2020 Make broadband internet speeds of 20Mbps (Megabits per second) available to 100% of the world for just $20 a month by the year ITU Sec. General

31 ITU S VISION OF BROADBAND Europe s 2015 Digital Agenda 100% of EU households to have access to service speeds of at least 30Mbps by 2020, while the UK is aiming for 90% of people to have access to speeds of 25Mbps

32 THE CONNECT THE WORLD SERIES The connect the world series is designed to showcase, consolidate and scale- up exis7ng development ac7vi7es s7mulate new partnerships its aim is to accelerate and strengthen efforts to bridge the digital divide has iden7fied three key areas of ac7vity that, together, cons7tute the primary building blocks needed to reach the goal of connec7ng the unconnected worldwide by Objec7ve: Connect the World aims to mobilize human, financial and technical resources for the implementa7on of the connec7vity targets of the World Summit on the Informa7on Society (WSIS) and the Regional Ini7a7ves adopted by Member States at the ITU World Telecommunica7on Development Conference.

33 ITU STUDY GROUPS ON BROADBAND The ITU currently has study groups focusing on the advancement and research in specialized areas- such as broadband

34 CONCLUSION ITU sees the rollout of BB globally as a major transforma7ve step towards socio- economic development for mankind. ITU Sec Gen also wants to see gender equality in broadband access by the year 2020,

35 Thank You!