AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment. Product Description. Version: A. Code: MN ZyXEL FiberHome

Transcription

1 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Version: A Code: MN ZyXEL FiberHome May 2011

2 Preface Related Documentation Document AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Documentation Guide AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Feature Description AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Hardware Description AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Installation Guide Description Introduces the retrieval method, contents, releasing, reading approach, and suggestion feedback method for the complete manual set for the AN Introduces the AN 's network location, functional features, hardware structure, FTTx application model, equipment configuration, network management system and technical specifications. It is the foundation of the complete manual set. The other manuals extend and enrich the concepts introduced in the Product Description. Introduces the key features supported by the AN , including GPON / EPON access, GPON / EPON terminal management, VLAN, broadcast, voice and safety; and introduces these functions in details in terms of definition, characteristic, specification, principle description, references and so on. Introduces the appearance, structure, functions, technical specifications, and usage method for the AN s cabinet, PDP, subrack, cards, cables and wires, facilitating users mastery of the hardware features of the equipment. Introduces the overall installation and verifying procedure from unpacking inspection to power-on examination after the equipment is delivered on site, and provides reference information (e.g. safety principles and wiring scheme of a variety of interfaces) to guide users to install the equipment. I

3 Document AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment EPON Configuration Guide AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment GUI Reference AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Component Replacement AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Routine Maintenance AN Optical Line Terminal Alarm and Event Reference AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Troubleshooting Guide AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Quick Installation Guide Description Introduces the method for configuring the EPON services supported by the equipment via ANM2000 Network Management System, such as basic configuration, voice service configuration, data service configuration, multicast service configuration, and software upgrading configuration, to guide users on start-up for various services and software upgrading. Introduces the shortcut menu for every card of the AN inside ANM2000 Network Management System, including the function, parameter explanation, precautions and configuration example of every command in the shortcut menu of each card, to help users master the operation of the AN inside ANM2000. Introduces the operation procedures of replacing the AN s components, including preparations, precautions, early operations, operation process and subsequent operations, so as to guide users with the completion of component replacement on the hardware. Introduces routine maintenance operations of the AN , including remote maintenance and on-site maintenance. Introduces the AN s alarm information and event reference, including alarm / event names, alarm / event levels, possible reasons, effects on the system, and processing procedure. Introduces the fault processing principles and methods of fault diagnosis and locating for the AN Also discusses the typical fault cases of various services. If the trouble is too complicated to process, users can refer to ZyXEL for technical support according to the instructions in this document. Introduces the AN installation and cable connection and layout using diagrams to guide a quick installation for users. II

4 Version Version A Description Initial version. This manual is for the AN equipment (V1.0). Intended Readers This manual is intended for the following readers: Planning and designing engineers Commissioning engineers Operation and maintenance engineers To utilize this manual, these prerequisite skills are necessary: EPON technology GPON technology Multicast technology NGN voice technology Ethernet switch technology Computer network technology III

5 Conventions Terminology Conventions Terminology Convention AN AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment ANM2000 ZyXEL FiberHome e-fim ANM2000 Broadband Access Network Management System EC4B 4 EPON-C Interface Card (type B) EC8B 8 EPON-C Interface Card (type B) GC4B 4 GPON-B Interface Card (type B) GC8B 8 GPON-C Interface Card (type B) C155A 1 STM-1 Optical Interface Card (CES Mode) CE1B 32 E1 Optical Interface Card (CES mode) (type B) PUBA Public Card (type A) HSWA Core Switch Card (EPON) (card No.: ) HU1A 4 GE +1 10GE Optical Interface Uplink Card HU2A 2 GE +2 10GE Optical Interface Uplink Card GU6F 6 GE Optical Interface Uplink Card CIO Common Interface Card PWR Power Supply Card FAN Fan Control Card Symbol Conventions Symbol Convention Description Note Caution Warning Important features or operation guide. Possible injury to persons or systems, or cause traffic interruption or loss. May cause severe bodily injuries. Text Conventions Symbol Convention Description / or HU1A / HU2A means HU1A card or HU2A card. + and SP+WRR means Strict Priority and Weight Round Robin. IV

6 Contents Preface... I Related Documentation... I Version... III Intended Readers... III Conventions... IV 1 Product Introduction Product Positioning Functions and Features Interface Types Flexible Solution Powerful EPON / GPON Integrated Access Ability Multicast Functions NGN Voice Functions TDM Emulation Functions Flexible VLAN Function QoS Guarantees Security Mechanisms High Reliability Design Maintainability and Manageability Product Application Networking Introduction Technology Introduction Triple Play Application QinQ VLAN Application VLAN Translation Application IPTV Service Application VoIP Service Application TDM Service Application

7 2.2.7 CATV Service Application Site Applications Application in Business Buildings Intelligent Home Application Internet Cafe Application Urban Security Monitoring Application Mobile Base Station Applications Product Structure Hardware Structure Cabinet Subrack Card Functional Structure Software Architecture System Software Architecture Core Switching Software Architecture System Management Management Modes ANM2000 Introduction Features Runtime Environment Functions ANM2000 Networking Modes Technical Specifications Performance Parameters Overall Performance Access Capacity Service Characteristics Reliability Specifications Interface Specifications EPON Interface GPON Interface

8 5.2.3 Ethernet Optical Interface Ethernet Electrical Interface STM-1 Optical Interface E1 Interface Console Port Mechanical Dimensions and Weight Power Consumption Equipment Room Conditions Power Supply Running Environment Standards and Protocols Appendix A Abbreviations... A-1

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10 Figures Figure 1-1 The AN s position in the network Figure 1-2 The AN s physical interfaces Figure 2-1 The AN networking Figure 2-2 The AN triple play application Figure 2-3 The AN QinQ VLAN application Figure 2-4 1:1 VLAN translation Figure 2-5 N:1 VLAN translation Figure 2-6 VLAN translation hybrid mode Figure 2-7 The AN multicast service application Figure 2-8 The AN NGN voice service application Figure 2-9 The AN TDM service application Figure 2-10 The AN CATV service application Figure 2-11 The AN business building application Figure 2-12 The AN intelligent home application in FTTH mode Figure 2-13 The AN internet cafe application Figure 2-14 The AN application to Urban Security Monitoring Figure 2-15 The AN mobile base station application Figure 3-1 Outline of the 19-inch cabinet Figure 3-2 Outline of the 21-inch cabinet Figure 3-3 Outline of the 21-inch dustproof cabinet Figure 3-4 The 19-inch cabinet layout Figure 3-5 The 21-inch cabinet layout Figure 3-6 Outline and dimensions of AN subrack Figure 3-7 AN functional structure Figure 3-8 AN software architecture Figure 3-9 Core switching software architecture Figure 4-1 ANM2000 out-band networking mode Figure 4-2 ANM2000 in-band networking mode Figure 5-1 E1 interface pulse mask

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12 Tables Table 1-1 Interfaces of the AN Equipment Table 3-1 The AN card configuration Table 3-2 The AN card function list Table 5-1 The AN overall performance Table 5-2 The AN DBA performance Table 5-3 The AN Ethernet service performance Table 5-4 The AN voice service performance Table 5-5 The AN TDM service performance Table 5-6 The AN access capacity Table 5-7 The AN service characteristics Table 5-8 The AN equipment reliability specifications Table 5-9 EPON interface specifications Table 5-10 GPON interface specifications Table 5-11 Ethernet optical interface specifications Table 5-12 Ethernet electrical interface specifications Table 5-13 STM-1 optical interface specifications Table 5-14 E1 interface specifications Table 5-15 Console port specifications Table 5-16 The AN mechanical dimensions and weight Table 5-17 The AN card power consumption

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14 1 Product Introduction This chapter introduces the AN s positioning, functions and features. It includes the following sections: Product positioning Functions and features Version: A 1-1

15 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description 1.1 Product Positioning The AN is an EPON / GPON integrated access product with intermediate capacity offered by ZyXEL FiberHome. The AN s functional positioning is as follows: Caters for the requirements on networking for FTTH, FTTB, base station backhauling and private line services. Supports multiple services such as VoIP, TDM, data, IPTV and CATV to meet the requirement of Triple-play. Together with the remote end ONU forms a complete convergence layer function. The AN s market positioning is as follows: As an OLT equipment in the PON system, the AN forms an FTTx network together with the remote end ONU. Provides solutions for fixed network broadband access, mobile base station transmission, and upgrading of services in rural market. The AN s position in the network is shown in Figure 1-1. ONU 1 IP Network ONU 2 OLT ODN ONU 3 AN SDH ONU n SNI PON interface PON interface UNI Figure 1-1 The AN s position in the network 1-2 Version: A

16 1 Product Introduction On the network side, the AN provides GE or 10GE uplink port(s) for connecting to IP network, as well as STM-1 optical interface for connecting to SDH equipment. On subscriber side, the AN provides subscribers with various services incorporated in a single fiber, such as data, VoIP, IPTV, CATV and TDM, via an ODN. Version: A 1-3

17 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description 1.2 Functions and Features Interface Types The AN supports a variety of physical interface types, as shown in Figure 1-2. Figure 1-2 The AN s physical interfaces The functions of the AN s various interfaces are shown in Table 1-1. Table 1-1 Interfaces of the AN Equipment Class Type Funciton Uplink interface Subscriber interface 10GE optical interface GE optical interface GE electrical interface STM-1 optical interface E1 electrical interface EPON optical interface GPON optical interface Provides 10GE Ethernet uplink optical interface. Provides GE Ethernet uplink optical interface. Provides GE Ethernet uplink electrical interface. Provides connection to STM-1 optical interface of transmission equipment. Provides connection to E1 interface of transmission equipment. Provides EPON subscriber interface. Provides GPON subscriber interface 1-4 Version: A

18 1 Product Introduction Class Type Funciton Management interface Environment monitoring interface Dry contact interface External interface Alarming interface clock FE interface Supports out-band GUI administration. 10 GE / GE interface Supports in-band GUI administration. RJ-45 port (using RS-232 interface Supports out-band local CLI administration. protocol) RJ-45 port (using Provides connection to external environment RS-485 interface monitoring unit. protocol) Enables collection of external environment RJ-45 port variables that can be reported to the network management system Provides input and output of E1 external clock Clock coaxial interface and BITS clock. Used to transport alarm signals of subrack to RJ-45 port PDP Flexible Solution Supports Triple-play. The AN supports multiple video services such as IPTV and CATV to cater for the requirements of Triple-play, and provides QoS guarantees for these services. Supports FTTx application. The AN supports the network application of FTTH and FTTB. It provides voice, data and video services incorporated in a single optical fiber to meet the customized demands of subscribers. Meanwhile, it provides access to multiple services with big capacity, high speed and big bandwidth. Supports dedicated network application. As intermediate-sized optical line terminal equipment, the AN provides multiple services such as VoIP, TDM, data, IPTV and CATV services to cater for the demands of dedicated networks including the power network and broadcasting & TV network. Supports upgrading of existing network or equipment in the rural area. Version: A 1-5

19 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description The AN supports the EPON/GPON combined platform with a high integration degree of devices. It is appropriate for the rural market that has a small number of subscribers and has a certain requirement on the size of the equipment. Supports base station transmission. As optical line terminal equipment, the AN connects to the base station that transmits data via the E1 link by using the ONU in the downlink direction. And it connects to the BSC via the TDM network by using the E1 port in the uplink direction Powerful EPON / GPON Integrated Access Ability The AN is an EPON / GPON integrated access equipment that can simultaneously support both EPON and GPON services. Powerful EPON access ability Supports EPON function defined in IEEE standard. Supports extended OAM function. Supports various kinds of ONU, such as SFU, cassette MDU (including LAN type and XDSL type), shelf-based MDU and HGU ONU. Provides EPON transmission with large bandwidth capacity: Uplink rate: 1.25 Gbit/s; Downlink rate: 1.25 Gbit/s and 2.5 Gbit/s. Supports DBA algorithm: The minimum configurable bandwidth of the DBA is no more than 256 Kbit/s; The minimum bandwidth allocation granularity of the DBA is in steps of 64 Kbit/s; The accuracy of the DBA is better than ±5%. Supports long-distance transmission. By using PON technology, the long-distance coverage problem of twisted pair cable access technology is solved. The maximum transmission distance (PON+ twisted pair cable) can be more than 20 km. 1-6 Version: A

20 1 Product Introduction Possesses a high splitting ratio of 1:64, which improves capacity, conserves fiber consumption, and facilitates network reach. Powerful GPON access ability Conforms to ITU-T G.984 serial standards, with good interoperability. Supports extended OAM function. Supports various kinds of ONU, such as SFU, SBU, cassette MDU (including LAN type and XDSL type), shelf-based MDU and HGU ONU. Provides GPON transmission bandwidth of large capacity: Uplink rate: 1.25 Gbit/s; Downlink rate: 2.5 Gbit/s. Supports both SBA and DBA algorithms: SBA ensures a fixed bandwidth for each ONU; DBA allocates bandwidth according to subscriber s traffic dynamically. The minimum bandwidth allocation granularity of the DBA is in steps of 64 Kbit/s; The minimum configurable bandwidth of the DBA is no more than 256 Kbit/s; The accuracy of the DBA is better than ±5%. Provides bandwidth control hierarchically in the uplink and downlink directions simultaneously. Allocates bandwidth to subscribers or subscriber groups based on T-CONT via SBA or DBA in the uplink direction. Performs accurate bandwidth control, that is, controls the CAR (Committed Access Rate) based on traffic flow in the uplink and downlink directions. The CAR based on traffic flow supports the bandwidth control accuracy of 64 Kbit/s. Supports long-distance transmission. By using PON technology, the long-distance coverage problem of twisted pair cable access technology is solved; Version: A 1-7

21 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Supports uplink and downlink FEC to improve bit error ratio; The maximum transmission distance (PON+ twisted pair cable) can be more than 20 km. Possesses a high splitting ratio of 1:64, and can reach 1:128 if optical power permits, which improves capacity, conserves fiber consumption, and facilitates network extension. Supports data transmission in an efficient way. Encapsulates all the data to be transmitted into 125us frames (fixed length frames) via the new GEM (GPON Encapsulation Mode) encapsulation protocol. In this way, a smaller number of transmission overhead bytes are needed, and the transmission efficiency can be enhanced to 93% Multicast Functions The AN features a point-to-multipoint PON network structure, and supports multicast protocol. Using multicast, new value-added service can be easily supplied to subscribers, such as live online, network radio, network TV, remote medical care, remote education and real-time video meeting. Supporting multicast functions: Supports IGMP V2 / V3 protocol. Supports IGMP Proxy protocol and IGMP Snooping protocols. Each subrack supports up to 1024 concurrent multicast groups. Supports prejoin function which enables joining pre-configured multicast group by automatically send joining message uplink. Supports preview function, including 5 preview parameters: maximum time for a single preview, preview count allowed, preview interval, auto or manual reset of preview authority and total preview time. Supports fast leave function. Supports multicast cascade when accessed in EPON. Support cross-vlan multicast. Supports management and identification of subscribers and program sources based on multicast VLAN. 1-8 Version: A

22 1 Product Introduction Management support of multicast: Multicast statistics supported: count of subscriber joining / leaving multicast group, total duration of watching and average duration of watching for each multicast group; count of subscriber joining / leaving multicast group, total duration of watching, average duration of watching for each subscriber port. Uses IGMP Proxy and IGMP Snooping to achieve management of multicast members, and achieve dynamic joining / leaving and maintaining of multicast members via IGMP Report / Leave and Query message. Supports online query of multicast information: ability to query main controlling card, line card and online multicast groups, members and status of ONU hierarchically. Multicast service CDR (Call Detail Record) function: including subscriber port information, address of multicast group, joining and leaving time, leaving pattern (forcibly or freely), and authority information. Possesses powerful controllable multicast function, and supports multicast subscriber-based control, including information display, log and statistics of subscriber joining / leaving multicast group event, which can effectively prevent protocol attack, illegal multicast sources, illegal rebroadcasting, and illegal receiver to guarantee carrier s interests NGN Voice Functions The AN supports using ITU-T H.248, MGCP and SIP to achieve NGN voice functions. It uses the ONU to access voice services and uses standard speech encoding technology to convert voice signals into digital signals which are then transported to an IP network in IP packets via the OLT. Call control is achieved by a softswitch or IMS which provides VoIP access for analog subscribers, meeting the requirements of carrier-class speech quality, management and operation. Realization of NGN voice services Supports ITU-T H.248, MGCP and SIP protocols to a softswitch to achieve NGN services. Supports SIP protocol to an IMS to achieve NGN services. Version: A 1-9

23 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description NGN voice functions supported Provides 112 testing. Supports multi-mgc list. VLAN of each voice channel supports IEEE 802.1Q and PRI setting. Supports QinQ for voice services. Call processing capability is 25k BHCA. Percent of call completed is larger than %. NGN voice services supported IP phone access for POTS subscribers. T.30 / T.38-based FoIP (Fax over IP). Transparent transportation of MoIP (Modem over IP). Pulse accounting and polarity-reversal accounting. IP CENTERX service. Supplementary services, intelligent services and user-defined services when assisted by the softswitch are: Calling number identification (CNID) presentation and restriction. Call waiting. Three party service. Alarm clock service. Call forwarding (unconditional, busy and no answer). Immediate hotline. Outgoing call blocking. Distinctive ring Version: A

24 1 Product Introduction TDM Emulation Functions The AN provides E1 circuit emulation based on RFC 5086 (CESoPSN). The AN is equipped with the CE1B card and C155A card which respectively provides E1 electrical interface and STM-1 optical interface for uplink connection. The AN has a CES protocol processor built in to translate between TDM format and Ethernet packet format. Uplink direction: accesses Ethernet packets from the ONU side via EPON / GPON service card, and after they are processed by the core switching card, delivers them to the CE1B / C155A card for protocol translation and transforms them into E1 or STM-1 format to continue uplink to the SDH network. Downlink direction: the CE1B / C155A card transforms of E1 / STM-1 TDM traffic from the SDH network into Ethernet packets and distributes these to the ONUs, which then restores the original E1 TDM traffic flow. Thus multiple TDM services like mobile base station backhauling and E1 private line can be realized. TDM emulation functions supported by the AN are as follows: Supports TDM service using CESoPSN Supports asynchronous clock mode and synchronous clock mode. Supports network management selection of the clock type: local oscillator, external clock 1, external clock 2, clock extracted from E1 line, and clock extracted from STM-1 optical line. Supports network management selection of the ONU clock recovery mode: self adaptive clock, enhanced clock, differential clock and loopback clock. Supports two uplink interfaces: STM-1 interface and E1 interface Flexible VLAN Function VLAN, also named virtual LAN, is an end-to-end logic network built by network management software which can go across different network segments and networks based on switching LAN. The basic VLAN standard is IEEE802.1q. Version: A 1-11

25 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description QinQ VLAN IEEE802.1ad adds VLAN stacking, also called QinQ VLAN, and is based on IEEE802.1q. Its core concept is to encapsulate the VLAN tag of user s private network in a VLAN tag of public network so that the user s traffic crosses the provider s backbone network with two layers of tagging, which provides users with a relatively simple double-layer VPN tunnel. This achieves transparent VLAN tag transport, i.e. the user s VLAN and the service provider VLAN are independent of each other, effectively solving VLAN ID addressing space limit of 4k addresses. QinQ VLAN functions supported by the AN are as follows: Supports VLAN number extension: by adding QinQ VLAN, the number of VLAN is increased to on the basis of existing VLANs. Supports flexible QinQ function: the system can add inner or outer VLAN based on the value of source MAC address, destination MAC address, source IP address, destination IP address, L4 source port No., L4 destination port No., Ethernet type, inner VLAN ID, outer VLAN ID, service type, time-to-live, protocol type, L1 CoS, and L2 CoS. Supports subscriber and service differentiation through VLANs. Supports setting subscriber s S-VLAN based on card, PON port, ONU. Supports selective QinQ for one port, i.e. some services use stacked VLANs, whereas other services still use single VLAN. VLAN Translation VLAN translation means access layer equipment transform VLAN tags labeled by users into unique network-side VLAN tags. This can reduce carriers maintenance workload and protect convergence layer network and core network. The VLAN translation function provided by the AN can be in one of the following three forms: 1:1 translation: non-convergence. Under this mode, VLAN translation of uplink and downlink data traffic is done only by translation of the VID value. N:1 translation: VLAN convergence function; i.e. converges a number of uplink VLANs (e.g. VLAN 1, 2,, N) into a unique network-side VLAN ID; and remaps it into corresponding multiple VLANs in the downlink direction Version: A

26 1 Product Introduction Hybrid translation: supports hybrid use of 1:1 VLAN translation and N:1 VLAN convergence QoS Guarantees The AN provides multiple QoS measures such as traffic classification, marking, queuing & scheduling, and traffic shaping to guarantee the priority of various services. It supports end-to-end QoS solution through the entire network. For different users and services, it provides network service of different quality and provides the foundation for management of various services. QoS ability of EPON Supports uplink port s flow-based policies, including packet filter, re-direction, flow mirroring, traffic statistics, traffic monitoring, queue scheduling, rate control, priority policing and translation. Supports uplink port s packet filtering and classification based on source MAC address, destination MAC address, Ethernet type, VLAN, CoS, source IP address, destination IP address, IP port and protocol type. The OLT supports three queue scheduling mechanisms: SP, WRR and SP+WRR; and each port has eight CoS queues. Supports CoS remarking (change of the original CoS value in the subscriber s data message) and CoS copy (copying the CoS value of the C-VLAN to the S-VLAN). Supports flow labeling and shaping. Supports 2760 QoS rules. Supports rate limiting of ports. Supports bandwidth control of EPON port, with a granularity of 1 Kbit/s. Supports multi-llid technology. Each ONU can have maximally 8 LLIDs, which are classified based on source MAC address, destination MAC address, source IP address, destination IP address, TCP, UDP, ToS, CoS, Ethernet type and protocol type. Version: A 1-13

27 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description QoS ability of GPON Supports uplink port s flow-based policies, including packet filter, re-direction, flow mirroring, traffic statistics, traffic monitoring, queue scheduling, rate control, priority policing and translation. Supports uplink port s packet filtering and classification based on source MAC address, destination MAC address, Ethernet type, VLAN, CoS, source IP address, destination IP address, IP port and protocol type. The OLT supports three queue scheduling mechanisms: SP, WRR and SP+WRR; and each port has eight CoS queues. Supports CoS remarking (change of the original CoS value in the subscriber s data message) and CoS copy (copying the CoS value of the C-VLAN to the S-VLAN). Supports flow labeling and shaping. Supports 1024 QoS rules. Supports bandwidth control of GPON ports, with a granularity of 64 Kbit/s. Has flexible QoS and SLA; can classify priority queues according to MAC address, 802.1p priority, 802.1q VLAN tag, IP ToS, IP address and TCP / UDP address; supports maximally 8 service-levels. Supports uplink port s flow-based rate limiting and mirroring. Supports T-CONT type 1 to type 5 service scheduling. Supports uplink DBA and SBA Security Mechanisms The AN uses carrier-class reliability design and fully guarantees subscriber service security. System side security insurance measures Supports Layer 2-7 packet classification, performing illegal frame filtering based on source MAC address, destination MAC address, source IP address, destination IP address, port No., Ethernet type, protocol type, VLAN and VLAN range, so as to prevent illegal subscribers Version: A

28 1 Product Introduction Supports anti-dos attack to enhance the anti-attack capability. Supports ACL-based permission / denial controls. Supports anti-icmp / IP message attack. Supports anti-arp attack. Both GUI and CLI network management systems can provide several operator accounts with different operating rights, so as to ensure operating security of the network management system. Supports broadcast storm control. Supports frame filtering and rate limiting. Subscriber side security measures Supports access security control through DHCP Option-82 and PPPOE+. The AN can insert physical information into protocol messages of DHCP request dial or PPPOE dial. When used in combination with a verifying system, it can effectively and dynamically control subscriber access to specific network resources, so as to greatly facilitate troubleshooting and attack locating. Supports DHCP snooping. The ONU snoops subscriber information such as MAC address, IP address, lease time and VLAN ID, so as to trace and locate DHCP subscriber s IP address and port by establishing and maintaining a DHCP snooping binding table. In addition, it directly discards illegal messages (ARP spoofing messages and the messages to modify IP address randomly). These illegal messages are not compliant with the binding table entries. Therefore, it guarantees DHCP environment integrity and consistency. Limit on the maximum number of MAC addresses learned, to prevent MAC attack. Supports the limit on the number of MAC addresses that access a single FE interface of an ONU and the limit on the number of multicast groups that a single FE interface of an ONU can join. Supports port binding, such as dynamic binding of FE interface and MAC address, to guarantee validity of subscribers accessing the network. Supports the MAC / IP address binding based on GEM port. Supports the limit on the number of MAC addresses based on GEM Port. Supports the AES-128 encryption and decryption algorithm to guarantee the security of subscribers data. Version: A 1-15

29 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description High Reliability Design The AN supports hot insertion of cards, and provides complete redundancy protection of power supply, fans, cards and interfaces, and optical path protection switching mechanism. Card redundancy protection Supports 1:1 active / standby switching function of core switching card, to make seamless switching. After switching of core card, the configuration of uplink interface does not need to be changed, which greatly facilitates the user s maintenance and management operations. Supports 1+1 active / standby protection function of uplink interface card, Trunk protection and dual-homing protection of uplink interface: When the uplink card is set to be 1+1 active / standby protection, two interfaces of the uplink card are one-to-one protected. If GU6F is used as the uplink card, the equipment can provides maximally six GE uplink interfaces; if HU1A is used as the uplink card, the equipment can provide maximally four GE uplink interfaces and one 10GE uplink interface. If HU2A is used as the uplink card, the equipment can provide maximally two GE uplink interfaces and two 10GE uplink interfaces. When uplink interfaces are set to Trunk, the bandwidth of uplink interface can be extended and load equalization is finished automatically. Once an interface of a Trunk group fails, the flow of the failed interface is automatically shared between other interfaces of the Trunk group. 12 GE uplink interfaces can form maximally 6 Trunk groups and each Trunk group can supports maximally 12 member interfaces. A Trunk group of two 10GE uplink interfaces can also be provided. When the uplink interfaces are set to dual-homing protection, two uplink card interfaces are connected to two diversely routed optical facilities, forming an inter-system backup method and achieving load sharing. When one system of the two is found to be in failure, the other system can take over its entire traffic to ensure traffic remains unblocked. Supports inter-card protection of the TDM card: the TDM card can be configured to function independently or support 1:1 protection Version: A

30 1 Product Introduction PON chip-level protection Supports inter-card and intra-card protection of PON ports for EPON / GPON service cards. Supports arbitrarily designating a PON MAC chip to be 1:1 protected. It can control the switching of the PON MAC chip when a Loss of Signal is detected on the optical module by hardware. Power supply protection Supports the protection for the power supply card. Each power supply card provides a 48V power rail, and is lightning-proof, so as to ensure the stability of power supply. Fan protection There are indicators on the fan units which indicate the fan running status. The fan control card can regulate the rotation rate (eight rotation rates available for choice) of the fan unit according to the control signals received from the core switch card. Meanwhile, the fan control card outputs the alarm signal and reports the fan alarm to the core switch card Maintainability and Manageability The AN possesses four network management functions: configuration management, security management, performance management and fault management. Together these functions fully guarantees network QoS and facilitates users routine maintenance and fault diagnosis. Additional details are listed below: Maintenance methods Provides graphical EMS as well as CLI EMS, both of which support local and remote maintenance. The EMS supports in-band and out-band maintenance modes to allow the access to the equipment. Supports SNMP, and can perform uniform management of OLT and ONU via the ANM2000 developed by ZyXEL FiberHome. Version: A 1-17

31 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Supports multiple management IPs / VLANs, and allows multiple management servers to manage the same equipment simultaneously. Terminal management supported As the proxy of the network management system, the OLT performs remote configuration and management of ONU by way of Ethernet OAM or OMCI protocol. Supports off-line configuration of an ONU by the OLT. When the pre-configured ONU registers, the OLT will configure and authorize it automatically with the saved information. This makes service configuration more convenient. Supports automatic detection and testing of the ONU. Supports interconnection with carrier s management system, and receives configuration from the operator s management system. Security authority management The network management system allows different levels of management authority to be defined on a per user basis using the user management setting table. The system verifies each user authority level at login and will restrict that user s operations according to the stored authorities list. Once a user passes the login authentication, menus unauthorized to the user will be greyed and unauthorized equipment hidden. Environment supervision The AN provides environment monitoring interfaces, which connect to the environment monitoring units with dedicated cables to collect environment information such as temperature, humidity and smoke. In this way, remote maintenance and unattended operations of the system are realized. Alarm and fault management Provides additional alarm information, to help users find reasons for alarms and identify the solution. Supports system log function which can record the key configuration changes to the system to assist fault analysis and locating. Supports signaling tracing of speech which can locate voice service faults Version: A

32 1 Product Introduction Supports PSTN line quality and performance testing (for example, 112 testing made by China Telecom) which can locate phone line faults. Provides performance supervision and detection of optical power levels, facilitating optical line maintenance. Provides loopback function to locate user line fault. Software upgrade Supports local or remote upgrade of the AN s software. Supports upgrade of the software and hardware for each plug-in component of the equipment. Supports one touch upgrade of chip firmware and operational software. EPON supports automatic batch upgrade of ONU software; GPON supports batch upgrade of ONU software. Performance statistics function Supports output of various statistic report forms to facilitate routine maintenance, such as performance statistics report form and alarm statistics report forms. The network management system provides collection, query and analysis of performance data. Version: A 1-19

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34 2 Product Application This chapter introduces application of the AN It includes the following sections: Networking introduction Technology introduction Site applications Version: A 2-1

35 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description 2.1 Networking Introduction The AN is suitable for FTTH / FTTB application. Usually it is placed in the central office. An illustration of the AN s networking diagram is shown in Figure 2-1. Figure 2-1 The AN networking 2-2 Version: A

36 2 Product Application 2.2 Technology Introduction Triple Play Application The AN supports following three triple lay solutions: EPON triple-play solution: the EPON ONU uses different VLANs to classify different service flows which are mapped to the same LLID and transported to the AN via EPON line. GPON single GEM port triple play solution: supports classifying service flows based on Ethernet type, VLAN ID of subscriber side messages and subscriber side 802.1p domain, and supports control of service flows. This can only be realized with the combination of AN /16 and the AN GPON multiple GEM port triple play solution: classifies different service flows by different GEM ports, and maps different services to different GEM ports according to VLAN ID, 802.1p, or physical port and then delivers them to the AN for processing. Version: A 2-3

37 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description See Figure 2-2 for an illustration of the AN triple play application. Figure 2-2 The AN triple play application QinQ VLAN Application The AN supports QinQ VLAN. By setting the Service-VLAN on the basis of the Customer-VLAN, the VLAN number can be extended and thus the VLAN number resource restriction can be overcome. Furthermore, subscriber separation and unique identification can be implemented using the Customer-VLAN and service distinguishing can be accomplished using the Service-VLAN. 2-4 Version: A

38 2 Product Application The QinQ VLAN application networking diagram for the AN is illustrated in Figure 2-3. Figure 2-3 The AN QinQ VLAN application As illustrated in Figure 2-3, at the subscriber side of the AN , two subscribers data and voice services are labeled with a Customer-VLAN tag by the ONU. The Customer-VLAN tags for data and voice services used by ONU1 are respectively 1001 and 2001; and the Customer-VLAN tags used by ONU2 are 1002 and When the two subscribers services are transported to the AN by the ONU, they are labeled with Service-VLAN tags according to the different types of data and voice services. The Service-VLAN tags of data and voice services are 1 and 2 respectively. When the QinQ VLAN is added, the subscriber services with double VLAN encapsulation are forwarded to the provider s network. Version: A 2-5

39 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description When configured for services with QinQ encapsulation, frames received from the provider s network at the AN are processed as follows: If the frame Service-VLAN VIDs are not consistent with the configured VIDs, then the frames will be discarded; if the Service-VLAN VIDs are consistent with the configured VIDs, the Service-VLAN tags will be stripped and the frames forwarded to the downlink ONU. In the same way, the ONU equipment determines the consistency between the VIDs of the Customer-VLAN tag and the configured VIDs. If a match is found, the ONU strips the Customer-VLAN tags and forwards the frames to the subscriber; if a match is not found the frames are discarded VLAN Translation Application VLAN translation is also known as VLAN mapping. When various service flows at the subscriber side go through terminal equipment supporting 802.1q (take a home gateway as an example), the terminal equipment may only support fixed tags. These fixed tags may be out of the valid range defined by the operator. The ONU will strip the default tags added by the terminal equipment and substitute valid tags when the services are received at the ONU. There are three types of VLAN translation: 1:1 VLAN translation, N:1 VLAN translation, and hybrid translation. Figure 2-4 illustrates 1:1 VLAN translation: DATA add Transparent Translation VLAN 100 VLAN 100 VLAN 500 Transparent CVLAN 500+SVLAN 3000 IPTV add VLAN 200 Transparent Translation VLAN 200 VLAN 600 Transparent CVLAN 600+SVLAN 3000 NGN add VLAN 300 Transparent Translation VLAN 300 VLAN 700 Transparent CVLAN 700+SVLAN 3000 HG ONU OLT Figure 2-4 1:1 VLAN translation 2-6 Version: A

40 2 Product Application At the subscriber side of the AN the subscribers data, voice, and multicast services go through gateways and are labeled with fixed default VLAN tags (for example 100, 200, 300 respectively). When the subscribers services are received at the ONU configured for 1:1 VLAN translation, the ONU will substitute the configured Customer-VLAN tags for data, voice and multicast services (for example 500, 600, and 700 respectively). When the services are sent to the AN , they are labeled with the Service-VLAN tags (for example 3000) on the AN When the QinQ VLAN processing is finished, the subscriber services with double VLAN encapsulation are forwarded to the provider s network. The use of VLAN translation can distinguish subscriber services on the network side, reduce maintenance work and conserve limited VID resources because only one SVLAN is needed for a system. Figure 2-5 illustrates N:1 VLAN translation. DATA add VLAN 100 Transparent Translation VLAN 100 VLAN 500 Transparent IPTV add VLAN 200 Transparent Translation VLAN 200 VLAN 500 Transparent CVLAN 500+SVLAN 3000 NGN add VLAN 300 Transparent Translation VLAN 300 VLAN 500 Transparent HG ONU OLT Figure 2-5 N: 1 VLAN translation At the subscriber side of the AN the subscribers data, voice, and multicast services go through gateways and are labeled with fixed default VLAN tags (for example 100, 200, 300 respectively). When the subscribers services are received at the ONU configured for N: 1 VLAN translation, the ONU will substitute a single configured Customer-VLAN tag for all services (for example 500). When the services are sent to the AN , they are labeled with the Service-VLAN tag (for example 3000). When the QinQ VLAN processing is finished, the subscriber services with double VLAN encapsulation are forwarded to the provider s network. The use of 1: N VLAN translation can distinguish subscriber services on the network side, reduce maintenance work and conserve limited VID resources because only one SVLAN is needed for a system. Version: A 2-7

41 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Figure 2-6 illustrates VLAN translation hybrid mode: DATA add Transparent Translation VLAN 100 VLAN 100 VLAN 500 Transparent CVLAN 500+SVLAN 3000 IPTV add VLAN 200 Transparent Translation VLAN 200 VLAN 500 Transparent NGN add VLAN 300 Transparent Translation VLAN 300 VLAN 600 CVLAN 600+SVLAN 3000 Transparent HG ONU OLT Figure 2-6 VLAN translation hybrid mode Hybrid mode is comprised of 1:1 VLAN translation and N: 1 VLAN translation. At the subscriber side of the AN the subscribers data, voice, and multicast services go through gateways and are labeled with fixed default VLAN tags (for example 100, 200, 300 respectively). When the subscribers services are received at the ONU configured for hybrid mode VLAN translation, the ONU will substitute a unique Customer-VLAN tag for some services (for example voice services are labeled 600) and a single configured Customer-VLAN tag for some groups of services (for example 500 for date and multicast services). When the services are sent to the AN , they are labeled with the Service-VLAN tag (for example 3000) on the AN When the QinQ VLAN processing is finished, the subscriber services with double VLAN encapsulation are forwarded to the provider s network. 2-8 Version: A

42 2 Product Application IPTV Service Application On the Internet, multimedia services such as streaming media, video conferencing and digital TV, are becoming an important constituent of the traffic load. However, point-to-point unicast is not suitable for these services because of their point-to-multipoint nature. If point-to-point unicast mode were used, servers would need to provide each receiver with a duplicate IP packet and the same packets would be repeatedly transmitted over the network. This would consume excessive network resources. IP broadcast allows one host to send one IP packet to all hosts in the same network. However, not all hosts need every IP broadcast packet. This again would consume excessive network resources. Multicast technology was created to address these issues. Multicast technology allows one host to send one copy of a multicast frame to multiple dedicated receivers that require the multicast frame. The AN transmits multicast service in SCB+IGMP mode, and performs multicast service control and management via multicast control messages. The multicast service application for the AN is illustrated in Figure 2-7. Version: A 2-9

43 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Figure 2-7 The AN multicast service application The AN supports IGMP Proxy / Snooping. The AN B works in IGMP Proxy mode and the ONU works in IGMP Snooping mode. When the OLT receives an IGMP join message from a certain subscriber, it captures this message and performs authorization. If the multicast group to join does not exist in the multicast forwarding table of the OLT, the OLT will send an IGMP join request to the multicast server and create this group in the table; if the group already exists in the table, the OLT will add the subscriber to the table and set the corresponding relationship between the multicast service and the subscriber. The service provider can choose to disable the AN s IGMP Proxy function. In this case, multicast messages will be broadcast to all EPON / GPON interfaces and all ONUs Version: A

44 2 Product Application The AN also supports a controllable multicast function. Since IGMP Proxy / Snooping doesn t include subscriber authentication, subscribers can join or leave a multicast group at will and the operators cannot charge subscribers. To solve these problems, the AN controls and manages the access of subscribers to multicast service, and performs subscriber multicast information recording and statistics, and controls and manages multicast program sources. This can effectively prevent protocol attacks, illegal multicast sources, illegal rebroadcasting, and illegal receivers, so as to protect the operator s interests VoIP Service Application The AN supports VoIP functions. When a standard analogue telephone is attached to the RJ-11 port of an ONU and VoIP services are configures the ONU will: Perform analogue to digital conversion of the voice signal. Encode the digital stream as appropriate. Perform a speech compression algorithm to minimize bandwidth requirements. Encapsulate the voice data in an IP packet for transmission to the provider s network through the OLT. The VoIP call will be established via an external softswitch. When the receiving end receives the IP data, it is restored to the original analogue voice signals through corresponding decompression and decoding. The AN supports MGCP, H.248 and SIP, and its softswitch interface can be connected to MGC gateways produced by various mainstream manufacturers. See Figure 2-8 for an illustration of the AN VoIP service application. Version: A 2-11

45 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Figure 2-8 The AN NGN voice service application TDM Service Application The AN provides TDM circuit emulation using either E1 or STM-1 interfaces. In both cases the E1 data streams are encapsulated using the MEF-8 protocol into Ethernet frames for transport over the PON network to any ONU supporting an E1 CES interface. The ONU restores the TDM E1 stream for delivery to the end terminal or other TDM equipment at the subscriber side Version: A

46 2 Product Application The AN CES technology supports both asynchronous and synchronous clock modes and thus provides a highly reliable transport solution for all services requiring E1 TDM interfaces. See Figure 2-9 for an illustration of the AN TDM service application. Figure 2-9 The AN TDM service application Version: A 2-13

47 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description CATV Service Application The CATV signal source produces CATV signals independent of the AN The CATV signals are split, amplified and sent to different paths at the CATV signal source end. The signal is then combined with the AN s EPON / GPON signals in a single fiber for transmission using a WDM multiplexer. Then CATV signals are demultiplexed and converted from the optical domain to the RF domain at remote end ONU. Subscribers can connect a TV set to the RF interface of ONU to access the CATV service. See Figure 2-10 for an illustration of the AN CATV service application. Figure 2-10 The AN CATV service application 2-14 Version: A

48 2 Product Application 2.3 Site Applications Application in Business Buildings Subscribers in business buildings have relatively high ARPU (Average Revenue Per User) and denser locations. They occupy an important position in the operator s target market. Incorporating voice, data, TDM and video service, the AN is the best choice for business subscribers. The AN can provide subscribers with the following services. 1. Broadband data access: Ethernet interface based; 2. Voice service access: plain old telephone service based, also via some intelligent terminals (with Ethernet interfaces); 3. Video service access: coaxial cable interface based CATV service or Ethernet interface based IPTV service; 4. Private line service access: TDM based E1 private line access. In the business building site applications, the AN can connect the SBU (Single Business Unit) ONU or the MDU ONU. The MDU ONU can be further subdivided into types such as LAN, xdsl and card types. See Figure 2-11 for more information. Version: A 2-15

49 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description STB FTTO ONU IPTV ANM2000 E1 service private line AN Splitter PC Phone STB FTTH+LAN ONU Phone IPTV SDH PC FE ONU Modem IPTV PC Phone PC FTTB+xDSL Figure 2-11 The AN business building application As shown in Figure 2-11, it is recommended that Fiber to the Office (FTTO) is used in newly-built business buildings. If subscribers only need data or telephone service, the AN5006 or AN is the recommended ONU. If TDM private line service is also needed, the AN5006 / AN A or the AN (equipped with TDM interface card) are recommended ONUs. The AN also needs to be equipped with the TDM card to support TDM private line service. For existing business building sites which already have install LAN or telephone line networks, it is recommended to use LAN, xdsl, or a shelf-based MDU to upgrade the existing network or equipment thus saving the cost of installing a new network. The AN5006 / AN / 09 / 10 is the recommended LAN MDU. The AN is the recommended shelf-based MDU Version: A

50 2 Product Application Intelligent Home Application Intelligent Homes use modern information network technologies to construct a broadband information service access platform within the private residence. This platform can effectively receive, transmit, collect and monitor many types of information in a real-time manner. Applying EPON technology to the intelligent home application allows more and more families to obtain information via a broadband access network. This information service provided can be highly diversified and are becoming more and more comprehensive and layered. Currently, these information services include: family information service, home automation, public service, and property management services. Examples of these services include such services as remote meter reading (including water, electric and gas meters), building intercom, public facilities management, exit and entry control, public broadcast, and resident archive management. Access to these services is enabled by providing property companies and their service providers connectivity to property management servers via the AN and the EPON. New construction can use FTTH whereas existing communities may opt to use either FTTH or, when this architecture cannot be supported, FTTB. The ONU can be placed in hallways or in the equipment room. Using the LAN, xdsl or shelf-based MDU for the networking solution may provide extra cost savings. The AN5006 / AN / 09 are recommended as the ONUs of choice for a LAN MDU whereas the AN is the recommended ONU for a shelf-based MDU. See Figure 2-12 for an illustration of the AN intelligent home application in FTTH mode. Version: A 2-17

51 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Figure 2-12 The AN intelligent home application in FTTH mode To meet the intelligent home requirements for environmental dry contacts (i.e., door-entry control, fire fighting, room temperature, supply voltage, smoke alarms, etc.), the AN offers environmental monitoring interfaces to connect to an external monitoring device. The environmental conditions will be reported immediately to the network management system for further integration per the service requirements Internet Cafe Application In Internet cafes, the access rates are typically 10 Mbit/s, 20 Mbit/s and 100 Mbit/s, and the service types are simple, based on high-rate Internet private line access, plus some possible voice service. Internet cafes are not usually clustered but are more often geographically scattered. They require a network system with a large service area capability. Therefore, fiber access becomes the first choice for most Internet cafes. With data and voice access, as well as excellent OAM features, the AN fully meets the requirements of both data and voice services. It satisfies the requirement to obtain high-rate Internet private line service and voice service through a single fiber, and performs uniform management by the same network platform. See Figure 2-13 for the AN internet cafe application Version: A

52 2 Product Application Figure 2-13 The AN internet cafe application As shown in the Figure 2-13, services from multiple Internet cafes are aggregated at one AN via a splitter. Each Internet cafe is equipped with one ONU. Each ONU provides data and voice service access for Internet cafe. Depending on the size of the internet cafe the AN5006 / AN / 04 / 07 / 09 / 10 / 20 is recommended as the remote end ONU Urban Security Monitoring Application Urban Security Monitoring is a large and comprehensive management system. It not only meets public security management, city management, traffic management and emergency management requirements, but also meets video monitoring requirements for early warning of large scale vehicular accident and safety in production. Furthermore, it takes into account the integration of alarm-reporting and door-entry control systems, as well as the interconnection with broadcast system. While planning a network to address Urban Security Monitoring digital monitoring is a key factor and must be taken into account. Numerous digital video recorders will be dispersed throughout the urban area requiring long transmission distances and stressing line resources. The signals from a video recorder to the monitoring center will need a bandwidth of 1Mbit/s or more. If an EPON / GPON system is used to implement the digital monitoring service, the above requirements can easily be satisfied. Version: A 2-19

53 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description See Figure 2-14 for an illustration of the AN application to Urban Security Monitoring. Figure 2-14 The AN application to Urban Security Monitoring As shown in the above figure, ONU is placed at the monitoring point; the encoder and hard-disk video recorder are connected to the ONU via an Ethernet interface and they perform compression encoding to the collected real-time images which are then sent to the AN The AN is placed in the supervision center and connected to the network matrix host in the supervision center via an uplink interface. The uplinked images are displayed in real time and are simultaneously recorded in the event subsequent information processing or access is needed by the various city management functional departments. In addition an alarm-reporting supervision system can forward alarms in real time to the corresponding authority to ensure police or other public safety personnel receive incident information in a timely manner, ensuring public safety Version: A

54 2 Product Application This solution not only supports digital monitoring and control, but also provides voice service. It sends both video and voice signals from each monitor point to the monitor center. It facilitates real-time communication with public security and fire fighting departments in case of emergency. The AN5006 or AN is the recommended ONU for support of the AN s Urban Security Monitoring application Mobile Base Station Applications Since the mid 1980's when mobile communication started becoming popular, this technology has been developing at a very high rate. As the number of users increase and the bandwidth demands of next generation mobile networks increase, additional mobile base stations which serve as the basic nodes of the mobile communication network, must be deployed. A single EPON / GPON system of the AN can support up to 256 / 512 base stations meeting the increase in demand for new base stations. In rural areas, where large distances require heavy investment in network infrastructure, the coverage and QoS of the base stations is especially important. The AN supports up to 20 km differential transmission, which is well suited to the requirements of the decentralized distribution of base stations. Furthermore, the AN supports multiple QoS guarantees and multi-llid technology. These features ensure E1 services can be configured with the highest priority guaranteeing E1 service QoS even if there is bandwidth congestion in the system. See Figure 2-15 for an illustration of the AN mobile base station application. Version: A 2-21

55 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description BTS ANM2000 ONU AN Splitter ONU E1 line transmission Optical fiber transmission Figure 2-15 The AN mobile base station application The AN is used together with the remote end E1 ONU (namely the AN5006 / AN A-A) or card ONU (the AN equipped with a TDM interface card). These ONUs provide E1 interfaces to connect the base station services. Meanwhile the AN provides multiple E1 electrical interfaces to convert the Ethernet encapsulated data into TDM data flows using CES technology. The AN can also support one or more STM-1 interfaces that can be used to aggregate the TDM services from multiple base stations. The E1 or STM-1 interfaces are then connected to the transmission network Version: A

56 3 Product Structure This chapter introduces the AN s hardware and software composition. It includes the following sections: Hardware structure Functional structure Software architecture Version: A 3-1

57 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description 3.1 Hardware Structure Cabinet Outline and dimensions The AN s cabinets can be classified into two types, 19-inch and 21-inch cabinets. When the AN s subrack is equipped with the TDM interface card, the subrack must be installed in the 600mm-deep cabinet. The 19-inch cabinets are described as follows in terms of Height (H) Width (W) Depth: 1600mm 600mm 600mm 2000mm 600mm 600mm 2200mm 600mm 600mm 2600mm 600mm 600mm The cabinet outline is shown in Figure Version: A

58 3 Product Structure Figure 3-1 Outline of the 19-inch cabinet The 21-inch cabinets are described as follows in terms of Height (H) Width (W) Depth (D): 1600mm 600mm 300mm 2000mm 600mm 300mm 2200mm 600mm 300mm 2600mm 600mm 300mm The cabinet outline is shown in Figure 3-2. Version: A 3-3

59 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Figure 3-2 Outline of the 21-inch cabinet The 21-inch dustproof cabinets are described as follows in terms of Height (H) Width (W) Depth (D): 1600mm 600mm 300mm 2000mm 600mm 300mm 2200mm 600mm 300mm 2600mm 600mm 300mm The cabinet outline is shown in Figure Version: A

60 3 Product Structure Figure 3-3 Outline of the 21-inch dustproof cabinet Internal configuration The internal layout of the AN cabinet is shown in Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5. Equipment, listed from top down are; alarm unit, PDP and the AN subrack. The alarm unit is at the top of the cabinet and is comprised of three LEDs; red, yellow and green. The red LED is the urgent alarm LED. When it is illuminated, it indicates an urgent or major alarm is present in the AN subrack, or a power fault has occurred in the PDP. The yellow LED is a non-urgent alarm LED. When illuminated, it indicates a minor alarm is present in the AN subrack. The green LED indicates a normal status. Version: A 3-5

61 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description The PDP is below the alarm unit and above the AN subrack. Its main functions are as follows: Inputs -48 V power supply from power cabinet in the equipment room to feed subracks and cards inside the cabinet. Consolidates alarm signals received from AN subracks and transfers the highest level alarm to the alarm unit at the top of the cabinet; exports alarm signals to the superior equipment (such as the head of row cabinets or to the network management system). The AN subrack is below the PDP. Up to two AN subracks are placed in one cabinet. Figure 3-4 The 19-inch cabinet layout 3-6 Version: A

62 3 Product Structure Door lintel PDP(100) Empty ( 100) AN subrack (300) Door lintel PDP(100) Empty ( 100) Empty ( 100) Door lintel PDP(100) AN subrack (300) AN subrack (300) Empty ( 100) Door lintel PDP(100) Empty ( 100) Empty ( 100) AN subrack (300) Empty ( 100) 2600 AN subrack (300) Empty ( 100) AN subrack (300) 2200 Empty ( 100) AN subrack (300) Empty ( 100) 2000 Empty ( 100) 1600 Door lintel Door lintel Door lintel Door lintel Figure 3-5 The 21-inch cabinet layout Version: A 3-7

63 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Subrack Outline and dimensions (1) Installation dimensions inside the 19-inch cabinet (unit:mm) (2) Installation dimensions inside the 21-inch cabinet (unit:mm) Figure 3-6 Outline and dimensions of AN subrack 3-8 Version: A

64 3 Product Structure As shown in Figure 3-6, when installing the AN inside a 19-inch cabinet, follow dimensions to mount the subrack; when installing the AN inside a 21-inch cabinet, follow dimensions to mount with the help of mounting ears on both sides of the subrack and the nut and bolt set. Internal configuration Table 3-1 The AN card configuration Slot Abbreviati on Type EC4B EPON interface card EC8B GC4B GPON interface card 11 to 16 GC8B CE1B TDM service card C155A PUBA Public card 9 and 10 HSWA Core switch card GU6F 19 and 20 HU1A Uplink card HU2A 21 FAN Fan card 24 and 25 PWR Power supply card 26 CIO Common interface card Description Slots 11 to 16 are horizontal slots and located at the upper and middle part of the subrack. Slots 9 and 10 are horizontal slots, and a little wider than other slots. They are located at the lower and middle part of the subrack. Slots 19 and 20 are horizontal slots and are located on the top of the subrack. Slot 21 is a vertical slot and located on the upmost left of the subrack. Slots 24 and 25 are horizontal slots and located in the middle of the subrack bottom. Slot 26 is a horizontal slot and located on the upmost right of the subrack bottom. Version: A 3-9

65 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Card Table 3-2 The AN card function list Card Type Abbreviation Card Number Function Description Terminates the provider network uplink HU1A signals; Provides four GE and one 10GE uplink optical interfaces. Terminates the provider network uplink Uplink card signals; HU2A Provides two GE and two 10GE uplink optical interfaces. Terminates the provider network uplink GU6F signals; Provides six GE uplink optical interfaces. EC4B Terminates the subscriber EPON service access; Provides four EPON service interfaces; Supports 1:64 splitting ratio within the limits of EPON the optical power budget. interface Terminates the subscriber EPON service card access; EC8B Provides eight EPON service interfaces; Supports 1:64 splitting ratio within the limits of the optical power budget. GC4B Terminates the subscriber GPON service access; Provides four GPON service interfaces; Supports 1:128 splitting ratio within the limit of GPON optical power budget. interface Terminates the subscriber GPON service card access; GC8B Provides eight GPON service interfaces; Supports 1:128 splitting ratio within the limit of optical power budget Version: A

66 3 Product Structure Card Type Abbreviation Card Number Function Description Terminates the TDM service uplink signals; TDM CE1B Supports 32 E1 interfaces. interface Terminates the TDM service uplink signals; card C155A Supports one STM-1 optical interface signal. Public card PUBA Provides 14 dry-contact interfaces. Furnishes system traffic flow convergence functions; including L2 switching, processing of higher layer protocols, and fault diagnosis. Core switch Supplies configuration management and HSWA card performance management for the entire subrack. Provides one Console local management interface. Fan card FAN Provides fans to cool the equipment and regulate internal system temperature. Power supply card PWR Inputs one -48V power rail. Common interface card CIO Provides FE interfaces for the network management system, RS485 bus interface for external environmental monitoring unit and the cabinet-top alarm interface. Besides that, it provides the dry contact function. Version: A 3-11

67 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description 3.2 Functional Structure The AN mainly consists of three functional modules: a service interface module, an Ethernet switch module and an uplink interface module. The functional modules communicate with and manage each other via the Ethernet bus. Figure 3-7 AN functional structure Service interface module The service interface module mainly consists of the EPON interfaces and GPON interfaces to access multiple services. Ethernet switch module The core switch card provides the Ethernet switch module to perform the function of Ethernet convergence and switch based on GE Bus architecture. Uplink interface module The uplink interface module connects to the superior network equipment via the uplink interfaces provided by the uplink card and TDM service card Version: A

68 3 Product Structure 3.3 Software Architecture The AN s software mainly consists of two categories: core switching software and line card software System Software Architecture Figure 3-8 shows the software architecture of the AN Figure 3-8 AN software architecture Core switching software Residing on the core switch card, the core switching software has the following functions: Performs and controls system functions. Manages and maintains the convergence-oriented OLT devices. Provides management and maintenance interfaces to the network management system. Acts as the core of the entire software system. Version: A 3-13

69 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Line card software The line card software is distributed on every functional line card to perform card-level control and service functions. For example, the EC4B / EC8B and GC4B / GC8B line card software provides PON interface control and service functions; CE1B and C155A line card software provides TDM service interface control and service function. The aforesaid line card software communicates with the core switching software via the 10G bus on the backplane. Uplink card software The uplink card software is running on the uplink card. It collects information such as the type of uplink cards and working status of the interfaces, and reports the information to the core switch card. The uplink card software communicates with the core switch card via the RS485 bus on the backplane. Network management software The network management software is running on the network management server. It communicates with the core switching software via the SNMP and provides GUI for users operation and maintenance of the equipment Core Switching Software Architecture The core switching software consists of a driving module, a master-slave communication module, a system management module, a network management agent module and a command line interface module. Figure 3-9 Core switching software architecture 3-14 Version: A

70 3 Product Structure Network management agent module The network management agent (SNMP Agent) module provides agent interfaces for the network management system. It establishes communication channels between the network management system and the system management module as well as other functional modules via the standard SNMP. The SNMP Agent module communicates with network management working stations via standard SNMP. The network management working stations provides GUIs, so that users can manage the AN conveniently. Command line interface module The command line interface (CLI) module serves as the interface between the character terminal / Telnet and the system management module. It has the following functions: Enables users login and verification. Allows the login of legal users. Receives and analyzes the instruction characters input from a character terminal or Telnet interface. Displays the results of processing from the system management module and system maintenance module. System management module The system management module is one of the core modules handling users requests for various services and managing the AN It has the following functions: Manages and maintains the resource, core switch card and various service interface cards of the AN Configures and queries data. Monitors the running status of the equipment. Gathers statistics of the performance events. Version: A 3-15

71 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Master-slave communication module Master-slave communication module is used for communication between the core switch card and the various service interface cards. Based on TCP / IP, it uses a client-server approach; that is, the core switch card is the server end and service interface cards are the client ends. After the communication connection is established, the core switch card transmits configuration and management messages to the service interface cards via the server end program of the master-slave communication module. The service interface cards receive these messages via the client end program and deliver them to higher layer modules for processing. Driver module The driver module is based on a real-time multi-tasking operating system (RTOS) and controls the scheduling of all other modules. The RTOS improves system reliability and stability and provides the following functions: message transmit and receive driver, timing driver, event interrupt driver, memory management and task scheduling, hardware drivers and communication drivers between central control software and service interface card software; communication link error detection, retransmission and troubleshooting Version: A

72 4 System Management This chapter introduces the details of the ANM2000 system management for the EPON system. It includes the following sections: Management modes ANM2000 introduction ANM2000 functions ANM2000 networking methods Version: A 4-1

73 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description 4.1 Management Modes The AN has an extremely flexible management system and includes various modes for equipment location, message transport and user interface. The various modes are described below: The location of the network management system can be classified as local and remote management mode. In local management mode, the network management system computer is directly connected with the managed equipment via its network management interface. The AN s console port is the typical port used for local management mode. In remote management mode, the network management system computer is connected with the equipment via a serial interface using the telnet protocol. The AN s FE ports are typical ports used for remote management mode. The management transport modes can be classified as in-band mode and out-band mode. When using out-band mode, the management information is transported via an independent physical path and does not use the subscriber service path. The management information is fully independent of service information and there is no interaction between them. Therefore, compared with the in-band mode, the out-band mode can provide a more reliable management path. When the service path fails, the out-band mode network management path is still functional and the management system can locate the equipment fault and monitor the equipment in real time. When using in-band mode, the management information is transported via the subscriber service path provided by the managed equipment. The in-band mode has a disadvantage in that the network management system cannot maintain and monitor the managed equipment in the event of a service path failure because the management information flows over the service path. The network management system user interface can be classified as GUI mode or CLI mode. 4-2 Version: A

74 4 System Management The CLI (Command Line Interface) mode executes various commands composed of character strings entered via a telnet interface using a PC, typically using a Windows operating system. This mode is used mostly for debugging and fault diagnosis. The CLI needs no customer software installation and is easy to operate. Operators only need to connect the PC to the console interface of HSWA card using the RS232 serial port of network management system computer and manage the AN via a terminal emulation software package such as Hyper Terminal. The disadvantage of this mode is that all commands must be input line-by-line in text mode. This may be too complex for the casual or occasional operator. The GUI (Graphical User Interface) mode provides graphical interfaces for operators and uses a mouse for point and click operation. It is easy to understand and operate. Compared with the CLI mode, the GUI mode simplifies the man-machine interface and is easier for operators to master with less training. Version: A 4-3

75 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description 4.2 ANM2000 Introduction The ANM2000 is a GUI network management system performing uniform management of all NEs in the PON system and MSAN system independently developed by ZyXEL FiberHome Features The ANM2000 runs on the Windows NT operating system. With a graphical user interface, it is more visual and user friendly, and has more powerful capabilities than a simple command line interface. The features of the ANM2000 s are described below. The ANM2000 is a universal network management system platform for all ZyXEL FiberHome access products. Its communication protocols, management functions and management objects comply with the relevant industry standards. The ANM2000 uses a layered structure and an object-oriented design. The software architecture of the system facilitates adding and extending management objects and is easy to operate. This helps minimize maintenance costs. The ANM2000 uses an open system structure that makes management layers independent of each other. The system executes in an object-oriented concurrent multitasking manner and supports concentrated remote management. When the size of the managed network is increased, operators can easily add the new network elements without impacting the performance of the network management system. The ANM2000 possesses four major management functions: performance management, fault management, configuration management and security management. The system can monitor managed network elements in real time and provides reliable security precautions. The system verifies all users and operating objects based on different security levels. The ANM2000 has a user friendly man-machine interface using windows, icons, menus and cursors. The GUI is neat, user-friendly, and provides all necessary online help for operators. 4-4 Version: A

76 4 System Management The ANM2000 provides standard SNMP uplink / downlink ports and can manage the access products of other companies that have SNMP compliant network management interfaces Runtime Environment Server end Hardware configuration: server. Software configuration: Windows2003 Server SP1 + Informix Dynamic Server 9.4. / Informix Dynamic Server ANM2000 system software: ANM2000 server edition. Client end Hardware configuration: PC. Software configuration: Windows2003 Server SP1 / Windows XP Professional SP2. ANM2000 system software: ANM2000 client edition Functions The ANM2000 network management system possesses four major functions; configuration management, fault management, performance management and security management. It can act as network management system proxy to conduct remote management of ONUs connected with the AN in compliance with the IEEE802.3 Ethernet OAM standard. Version: A 4-5

77 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Topology management The ANM2000 network management system can display the topology of the managed network. All central OLT equipment, OLT cards, ONU equipment and ONU interfaces are displayed in the topology view. Furthermore, the status of the managed objects can be shown dynamically and in real time in the topology display. Operators can retrieve configuration information and execute relevant configuration commands by clicking each topology icon. They can also add, delete, modify, move or hide objects in the topology view. Topology management simplifies network operations and reduces the maintenance workload. Diversified configuration functions The ANM2000 possesses a diverse set of configuration processing functions which are listed as below. The ANM2000 consolidates service configurations to facilitate operations. Operators can setup data, voice and CATV services in a single network management system GUI. This improves network management system operation convenience and efficiency. The management system verifies the validity of configuration data. For example, the system will check whether the input configuration data is correct, and whether this data is in conflict with other configured objects. If there is an error, it reports to the operator in real time and creates a log entry. The ANM2000 audits the configuration data. It can check whether the configuration data in the network management system database is consistent with the data in the managed equipment. The network management system GUI will list the inconsistent items and highlight them in the display. Operators can synchronize the configuration data in equipment with the data in the network management system database, or vice versa. The ANM2000 system imports / exports configuration data. It can export configuration data in the network management system database or the data from the managed core switch cards to a configuration file. If the configuration data in network management system or core switch cards is lost, the saved configuration file can be imported into network management system database or the core switch cards, to effect recovery. 4-6 Version: A

78 4 System Management The management system provides a pre-configure function. Before the network management system is connected with the AN , operators can configure the services in network management system database. Once the network management system is connected with the AN , the pre-configured data will be immediately delivered to the AN and then to the service interface cards, to quickly complete service configuration. Uploads / downloads configuration data. When there is no configuration data in network management system database or equipment due to an operational error or reset, operators can execute an upload / download packed configuration data command. The known good database (from either the network management system or the managed equipment) can then be sent to the system with the missing configuration data. The configuration data can be uploaded from the equipment to the management system or downloaded from the management system to the equipment. The upload / download of the configuration data is done in a batch manner to effect recovery as quickly as possible. The ANM2000 can copy configuration data. In the course of project start-up, after the network management system operators have configured one object, they can copy the configuration data to other objects of the same type. Then only simple modifications are needed to complete the configuring. This improves the efficiency of network management operations. Automatic upgrade The AN supports up to 1,536 EPON ONUs or 3,072 GPON ONUs. The routine maintenance and software upgrade for this number of ONUs can present a heavy workload. The ANM2000 network management system can upgrade all ONUs of the same type automatically, substantially reducing this workload. Once the operator has enabled the automatic upgrade function and saved the upgrade files on the file server, the ANM2000 network management system will automatically get the upgrade files from file server and verify them. When an ONU is powered on or registers, the ANM2000 network management system will confirm the type of ONU, check the current software version, and determine whether the ONU needs a software upgrade. If a software upgrade is needed the management system will perform corresponding operations. Version: A 4-7

79 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Operators may disable automatic upgrade function if so desired. In addition, the ANM2000 network management system provides a convenient manual upgrade function which allows the operator to upgrade a specific ONU. The system can also simultaneously upgrade the software of all on-line ONUs of the same type. The ANM2000 network management system can report alarms or send message prompts to the operator if errors appear in the course of an automatic upgrade. Environment monitoring The ANM2000 network management system can monitor the equipment environment and relay to the operator the state of 14 customized dry contacts for the AN This helps to eliminate hidden trouble. The management system can also collect environmental information from external environment monitoring units equipped to support this function. This can be used for intelligent residence management including safety protection, fire alarms, door-entry alarms, etc. Controllable multicast management The ANM2000 network management system supports multicast control and administration. The management system supports the following statistics gathering: online multicast group quantity, online port quantity, subscriber join / leave event log for each multicast group on a per port basis, multicast information on a per port and per group basis, and online group / port information (CDR function). The system supports configuration of multicast profiles, enable/disable of each multicast port, and configuration of multicast preview and display parameters. Security management The ANM2000 network management system supports the screen saver function. It allows automatic or manual locking of the computer screen on the client end. When the operator stops operating the network management system or will not perform any network management operation in a certain period of time, he / she can lock the screen of the computer to prevent the access of other users. In this case, the ANM2000 also provides the function of screen activation for reaccess (password is required). That is, the operator can activate the screen by clicking the mouse or pressing a key on the keyboard. On the other hand, when the network management system detects no operation from the operator for a specified period of time, it will log out the user automatically. 4-8 Version: A

80 4 System Management The ANM2000 network management system verifies the login authority of each operator that uses the network management system. This prevents unauthorized operators from viewing and configuring network resources / equipment and helps guarantee the security of the managed network. The system supports setting management permissions for each operator. When an operator logs into network management system, the system verifies their account permissions, so as to avoid use by unauthorized operators, and it also sets different management permissions to restrict actions of the logged-in operator thus ensuring the operational security of the network management system and the managed network. The system supports management within a specific domain or geographical area. The network management system restricts area management for logged-in operators according to the management requirements. By dividing different areas for management, it guarantees complete and reliable maintenance of the whole system. Complete log management The network management system provides a flexible and comprehensive log management function. Logs are classified into routine operation logs and automatic upgrade logs. Automatic logs are only created after the automatic upgrade function has been enabled. Routine operation logs Record detailed information about each operator s login procedure, including operator information and login time. Record various operations performed by each operator in the network management system. Support permission based access to operating logs. Permissions may be set to read only or to read / write / delete. Can be searched on each operator, so as to display all actions performed by a specific operator. Each record displays the operator name, operation time and operation type. When an unauthorized user attempts to log into the network management system, an alarm will be raised. The unauthorized operation attempt will be recorded by the log and given a security prompt. Version: A 4-9

81 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description The system can save operation logs to the dedicated external memory device. The system supports periodic generation of a multicast log and records the time of each subscriber join / leave for each multicast group. This helps facilitate the management of multicast service. Automatic upgrade logs The system can upload logs to the server after a specified time period or when a specified number of log entries have been made. The system reports automatic upgrade error alarms or message prompts to the operator. Diversified performance management The ANM2000 network management system provides performance monitoring and traffic statistics for all equipment in the network. This allows the operator to trace and analyze equipment performance, and properly allocate resources. The system supports periodic performance parameter collection. Performance parameters are collected every 15 minutes or 24 hours. Performance statistics for Ethernet data is collected on each interface, including uplink interfaces, PON interfaces and ONU s subscriber-side interfaces. Monitors the optical transceiver parameters at both the OLT and the ONU. Both the transmit and the receive optical power are monitored. In the OLT the receive burst optical power is monitored for each ONU. Sets Ethernet data performance thresholds. When the monitored parameter crosses the threshold, an alarm will be generated. Views real-time performance and history performance. Manages history performance and history alarm reports, so as to help maintenance engineers manage data collected. Strong fault analyzing and locating capability The ANM2000 network management system supervises the alarm data of all equipment in the network. It locates and eliminates faults quickly, and helps to ensure the normal operation of the network. Locates alarms to a single port, so as to simplify troubleshooting Version: A

82 4 System Management Each alarm has additional information, which helps maintenance personnel analyze, locate and solve faults as fast as possible. Monitors OLT and ONU optical modules parameters and configures threshold values. When the parameter exceeds the threshold, an alarm will be produced. Parameters include temperature, power supply voltage and bias current. Performs continuous or on command testing, observation and monitoring of each part of the system. This ensures early fault detection and prevents degradation of equipment performance. After a fault is solved, the corresponding alarm in the network management system will be cleared automatically. The alarm reporting list enumerates types, levels, reasons and time range of all faults. This facilitates subsequent processing by maintenance engineers. Supports filtering current alarms according to the level and type. Provides loopback testing of the E1 interface on both the OLT TDM card and ONU UNI allowing the maintenance engineer to quickly locate line faults. Provides signaling tracing for voice service. Traces and analyzes all interactive signaling between the IAD and the softswitch platform. This facilitates analyzing abnormal call signaling patterns. Provides analogue line testing function for POTS interfaces. When the service provider enables the inner / outer line testing function from the network management system, the equipment will automatically run inner / outer line testing and report the results to the network management system, so as to facilitate identification of faults ANM2000 Networking Modes The ANM2000 network management system performs remote management by SNMP. This SNMP protocol can be transported using either in-band or out-band modes. Version: A 4-11

83 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Out-band mode The AN provides a dedicated interface (EMS) for out-band network management. Service data and network management information are transmitted via physically separate hardware circuits. This effectively guarantees an expedited network management channel. The EMS interface is located on the CIO card. The out-band connection is shown in Figure 4-1. Figure 4-1 ANM2000 out-band networking mode In-band mode All GE and 10GE uplink ports of the AN can be used as in-band network management interfaces. To ensure in-band management information security, the AN separates network management information and service information by setting the priority field in the service VLAN to the highest priority for management traffic. The in-band connection is shown in Figure Version: A

84 4 System Management Figure 4-2 ANM2000 in-band networking mode Version: A 4-13

85

86 5 Technical Specifications This chapter lists the AN s technical specifications and applicable standards. It mainly includes the following sections: Performance parameters Interface specifications Mechanical dimensions and weight Power consumption Equipment room conditions Standards and protocols Version: A 5-1

87 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description 5.1 Performance Parameters Overall Performance Table 5-1 The AN overall performance Item Specification Core switch card capacity 400Gbit/s Backplane bus capacity 432Gbit/s Maximum transmission distance 20km Maximum splitting ratio of EPON 1:64 Maximum splitting ratio of GPON 1:128 Core switch card main / backup switch time 50ms Uplink card main / backup switch time <50ms Optical line protection switch time <200ms Accuracy of optical power measurement Accuracy of measurement in the range from -30dBm to -10dBm: 1dB. Table 5-2 The AN DBA performance Item Specification Minimum bandwidth allocation granularity 64kbit/s Minimum configurable bandwidth 256kbit/s Accuracy Better than ±5% Table 5-3 The AN Ethernet service performance Item Throughput (EPON) Throughput (GPON) Latency Specification Uplink throughput 950Mbit/s 1.25G mode: 980Mbit/s Downlink throughput 2.5G mode: 1.8Gbit/s Uplink : 1100Mbit/s Downlink: 2400Gbit/s Uplink latency (when traffic flow is no more than 90% of system throughput)<1.5ms Downlink latency (when traffic flow is no more than 90% of system throughput)<1ms 5-2 Version: A

88 5 Technical Specifications Item Packet loss rate Long-term packet loss rate Specification Uplink overload packet loss rate (uplink and downlink traffic being 1Gbit/s and 2.5Gbit/s respectively): <10% Downlink overload packet loss rate (uplink and downlink traffic being 1Gbit/s and 2.5Gbit/s respectively): <5% Under certain traffic flow (90% of throughput), the long-term (24 hours) packet loss rate of Ethernet service is 0. Table 5-4 The AN voice service performance Item Voice encoding dynamic switch period Voice interruption and jitter occurrence Objective evaluation of voice Subjective evaluation of voice Encoding rate Loopback delay Call loss rate Specification <60ms 0 Very good network condition: PSQM average value<1.5 Bad network condition (packet loss rate=1%, jitter=20ms, delay =100ms): PSQM average value<1.8 Very bad network condition (packet loss rate=5%, jitter = 60ms, delay = 400ms): PSQM average value<2.0 Very good network condition: MOS>4.0 Bad network condition (packet loss rate=1%, jitter=20ms,delay=100ms): MOS>3.5 Very bad network condition (packet loss rate=5%, jitter=60ms, delay=400ms): MOS>3.0 For G.711: encoding rate=64kbit/s For G.729a: encoding rate<18kbit/s For G.723.1(5.3): encoding rate<18kbit/s For G.723.1(6.3): encoding rate<15kbit/s For G.729a: loopback delay<150ms For G.723.1: loopback delay<200ms Call lost rate<0.01% Table 5-5 The AN TDM service performance Item Specification Bit error ratio Under normal condition, BER of E1 path for 24 hours is 0. Latency (EPON) Under normal condition, latency from E1 interface of ONU to E1 uplink interface of OLT is<1.5ms. Latency (GPON) Under normal condition, latency from E1 interface of ONU to E1 uplink interface of OLT is<1.5ms Version: A 5-3

89 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Item Jitter transmission features Transmit optical power Input interface receiving sensitivity Input interface overload optical power Input allowable frequency offset Specification When 0Hz f 40Hz, gain=0.5db. When 40Hz f 400Hz, gain decreases as frequency increases When f 400Hz, gain=-19.5db. The range of average transmit optical power of STM-1 optical interface: -8 to -15dBm. Input interface receiving sensitivity of STM-1 optical interface -31dBm. Input interface overload optical power of STM-1 optical interface -8dBm. Input allowable frequency offset of STM-1 optical interface ±20ppm Access Capacity Table 5-6 The AN access capacity Item Maximum quantity of PON interfaces for single subrack Maximum quantity of terminal subscriber interfaces for single subrack Maximum quantity of uplink ports for single subrack Maximum quantity of STM-1 optical interfaces for single subrack Maximum quantity of E1 interfaces for single subrack Specification 48 PON interfaces terminal subscriber interfaces Two 10GE optical interfaces + eight GE optical interfaces (HU1A) Four 10GE optical interfaces + four GE optical interfaces (HU2A) 12 GE optical interfaces (GU6F) 2 STM-1 optical interfaces (1+1 protection) 64 E1 interfaces 5-4 Version: A

90 5 Technical Specifications Service Characteristics Table 5-7 The AN service characteristics Item Redundancy protection Layer 2 forwarding VLAN Routing Port dynamic trunking Multicast STP/RSTP/MSTP Port mirroring Port trunking Specification The core switch card supports 1+1 active / standby switching. The uplink card supports 1+1 active / standby switching; uplink interface supports trunk and dual-homing protection. The TDM card supports 1+1 protection. The power supply card supports 1+1 protection. The EC4B / EC8B / GC4B / GC8B cards support inter-card optical fiber protection switching, intra-card PON MAC chip-level protection and inter-card PON MAC chip-level protection. The CE1B / C155A cards support inter-card optical fiber protection switching. OLT and ONU support dynamic learning of MAC address, and can forward uplink / downlink traffic at wire speed. OLT supports data forwarding according to MAC address. Supports configuring aging time of MAC address of OLT and ONU. Supports maximally 4000 VLANs based on IEEE 802.1q for a single subrack. Supports QinQ VLAN. Supports CoS copy. Supports VLAN translation. Supports layer 3 routing and realizes RIP, OSPF and VRRP. Support layer 2 port dynamic trunking and realizes LACP. Supports IGMP Proxy / Snooping. Supports controllable multicast. Supports multicast VLAN and cross-vlan multicast. Supports online query and statistics of multicast information. Supports CDR of multicast service. Supports multicast preview and prejoin. Supports up to 1024 multicast groups. Supports limit on the number of multicast groups joined simultaneously. Supports IEEE 802.1d, IEEE802.1w and IEEE802.1s. Supports ingress and egress mirroring. Supports flow mirroring. Supports IEEE 802.3ad. Supports up to six GE trunk groups (up to 12 GE ports can be assigned to a GE trunk group), or supports up to two 10GE trunk groups. Version: A 5-5

91 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Item Port isolation Broadcast storm control FDB Flow control FEC Encryption Service differentiation Downlink service rate control Optical power detection VoIP service E1 private line service QoS features (EPON) Specification Supports EPON / GPON port isolation. Supports uplink port isolation. Supports per-port broadcast / multicast / unknown packets rate control. Supports MAC address of uplink card to be displayed to port. Supports MAC address of line card to be displayed to PON port. Supports 32k MAC address entries. Supports IEEE 802.3x. Supports FEC, improving optical power budget by 3dB. Supports triple churning algorithm and AES-128. Differentiates service flows as per source MAC address, destination MAC address, VLAN ID, CoS, source IP address, destination IP address, protocol type and port No. Supports rate control based on service flow and port. Supports optical power detection for local and remote EPON / GPON optical modules. Supports H.248, MGCP and SIP. Supports signaling tracing for fault diagnosis. Provides TDM service encapsulation via PWE3 protocol, and supports transparent E1 service. Supports uplink port s Ethernet data flow based packet filtering, relocating, flow mirroring, traffic statistics, traffic monitoring, port queue scheduling, port rate limit, priority strategy, and priority translation. Differentiates and filters packets as per source MAC address, destination MAC address, Ethernet type, VLAN, CoS, source IP address, destination IP address, IP port and protocol type. OLT supports three queue scheduling algorithms: SP, WRR and SP+WRR; each uplink port supports eight CoS queues. Supports uplink port traffic shaping. Supports uplink port flow-based rate control and flow-based mirroring. Supports priority retag and copy. Supports ITU-T Y.1291-based QoS. Supports bandwidth control, with 1 Kbit/s granularity. Supports 2760 QoS rules. ONU supports multi-llid technology, with the upper limit being 8 for an ONU. 5-6 Version: A

92 5 Technical Specifications Item QoS features (GPON) DHCP Security characteristics Clock recovery mode System clock mode Specification Supports uplink port s Ethernet data flow based packet filtering, relocating, flow mirroring, traffic statistics, traffic monitoring, port queue scheduling, port rate limit, priority strategy, and priority translation. Differentiates and filters packets as per source MAC address, destination MAC address, Ethernet type, VLAN, CoS, source IP address, destination IP address, IP port and protocol type. OLT supports three queue scheduling algorithms: SP, WRR and SP+WRR; each uplink port supports eight CoS queues. Supports uplink port traffic shaping. Supports uplink port flow-based rate control and flow-based mirroring. Supports priority retag and copy. Supports ITU-T Y.1291-based QoS. Supports 1024 QoS rules. Supports bandwidth control, with 64 Kbit/s granularity. Supports flexible QoS and SLA; can classify priority queues as per MAC address, 802.1p priority, 802.1q VLAN tag, IP ToS, IP address, and TCP / UDP address; supports up to 8 service levels. Supports T-CONT service scheduling from type1 to type 5. Supports uplink DBA and SBA. Supports DHCP-Snooping. Supports DHCP Option-82. Each uplink port supports up to 120 ACL rules. Supports authenticating ONU based on physical address, logic identifier, logic identifier + password, hybrid authentication 1 (logic identifier + physical address), hybrid authentication 2 (logic identifier + password + physical address). Supports blocking packets based on MAC address. Filters packets or binds ports as per source MAC address, destination MAC address, Ethernet type, VLAN, CoS, source IP address, destination IP address, IP port and protocol type. Supports anti-dos attack. Limit on maximum number of MAC addresses learnt, so as to avoid attack on subscriber s MAC address. Supports recovering TDM service clock in four modes: self adaptive clock recovery, enhanced self-adaptive clock recovery, differential clock recovery and loopback clock recovery. Supports deriving system clock from internal free running clock, external clock interface, and physical layer of service link. Version: A 5-7

93 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Reliability Specifications See Table 5-8 for thean equipment reliability specifications. Table 5-8 The AN equipment reliability specifications Configuration model MTBF (hour) MTBF (year) Failure Rate (ppm) IP uplink card, 1536 lines Note: MTTR (mean time to repair) for the entire system is 0.5 hour. 5-8 Version: A

94 5 Technical Specifications 5.2 Interface Specifications EPON Interface Table 5-9 EPON interface specifications Item 1.25Gbit/s EPON Interface 2.5Gbit/s EPON Interface Interface type SC/PC SC/PC Nominal bit rate 1.25Gbit/s±100ppm 2.5Gbit/s±100ppm Operating wavelength range 1480nm to 1500nm 1480nm to 1500nm Receiver Transmitter Maximum mean launched power +7dBm +7dBm Minimum mean launched power +2dBm +2dBm Average launch power-off -39dBm -39dBm transmitter Extinction ratio (minimum) +9dB +9dB Nominal bit rate 1.25Gbit/s±100ppm 2.5Gbit/s±100ppm Operating wavelength range 1260nm to 1360nm 1275nm to 1340nm Receiver sensitivity (maximum) -29dBm -30dBm Card with this interface EC4B/EC8B Version: A 5-9

95 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description GPON Interface Table 5-10 GPON interface specifications Item Interface type Nominal bit rate Operating wavelength range Maximum mean launched receiver Transmitter power Minimum mean launched power Average launch power-off transmitter Extinction ratio (minimum) Nominal bit rate Operating wavelength range Receiver sensitivity (maximum) Card with this interface Specification SC/PC Mbps 1480nm to1500nm +5.0dB +1.5dB -39dB +10dB Mbps 1260nm to 1360nm -28dBm GC4B/GC8B Ethernet Optical Interface Table 5-11 Ethernet optical interface specifications Item 1000Base-SX 1000Base-LX 10000Base-SR 10000Base-LR Interface type LC/PC LC/PC LC/PC LC/PC Interface rate 1000 Mbit/s 1000 Mbit/s Mbit/s Mbit/s Applicable standard IEEE 802.3z IEEE 802.3z IEEE 802.3ae IEEE 802.3ae Central wavelength 850nm 1310nm 850nm 1310nm Maximum transmission 500m 20km 300m 10km distance Maximum launched power -4dBm -3dBm -1dBm -1dBm Minimum launched power -9.5dBm -11.5dBm -6dBm -6dBm 5-10 Version: A

96 5 Technical Specifications Item 1000Base-SX 1000Base-LX 10000Base-SR 10000Base-LR Minimum overload power 0 dbm -3dBm 0 dbm -1dBm Maximum receiving -17dBm -19dBm -11dBm -14dBm sensitivity Minimum extinction ratio 9dB 9dB 3dB 6dB Card with this interface GU6F HU1A, HU2A Note: Ethernet optical interface specifications depend on optical modules. The above table only lists specifications of a certain module for reference Ethernet Electrical Interface Table 5-12 Ethernet electrical interface specifications Item 10 / 100 / 1000Base-T Interface type RJ45 Interface rate 10 / 100 / 1000Mbit/s self-adaptive Transmission media CAT-5 Applicable standard IEEE Transmission distance 100m Card with this interface HU1A, HU2A, GU6F Version: A 5-11

97 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description STM-1 Optical Interface Specifications for S-1.1, L-1.1 and L-1.2 interfaces comply with ITU-T G.957. Table 5-13 STM-1 optical interface specifications Item Specification Interface type SC / PC Nominal bit rate kbit/s Application code S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2 Operating wavelength range 1261nm to 1263nm to 1480nm 1360nm 1360nm 1580nm Source type MLM MLM SLM SLM Receiver at reference point R Optical path between S and R Transmitter at reference point S Maximum RMS width ( ) 7.7nm 3nm Maximum -20dB width nm 1nm Minimum side mode suppression ratio dB 30dB Maximum mean launched power -8dBm 0 dbm 0 dbm Minimum mean launched power -15dBm -5dBm -5dBm Minimum extinction ratio 8.2dB 10dB 10dB Attenuation range 0 db to 12dB 10dB to 28dB 10dB to 28dB Maximum dispersion 96ps/nm 246ps/n m NA NA Minimum optical return loss of cable plant at S, NA NA 20dB including any connectors Maximum discrete reflectance between S NA NA -25dB and R Minimum sensitivity (BER ) -28dBm -34dBm -34dBm Minimum overload (BER ) -8dBm -10dBm -10dBm Maximum optical path penalty 1dB 1dB 1dB Maximum reflectance of NA NA -25 receiver at R Card with this interface C155A to 5-12 Version: A

98 5 Technical Specifications E1 Interface The connectors used by E1 interface are 75Ω and 120Ω, with 2048kbit/s transmission rate. Table 5-14 E1 interface specifications Item Specification Pulse shape All marks of effective signals comply with pulse mask in Figure 5-1. Nominal bit rate 2048kbit/s±50ppm Pairs per direction Outer conductor of input port and output port of coaxial pair is connected to ground. Testing load impedance 75Ω, resistive 120Ω, resistive Nominal peak voltage of mark (there is pulse) 2.37V 3V Nominal peak voltage of mark (no pulse) 0 V±0.237V 0 V±0.3V Nominal pulse width 244ns N / P amplitude ratio at the middle of pulse width 0.95 to 1.05 N / P width ratio at half nominal pulse amplitude 0.95 to 1.05 Code type HDB3 Card with this port CE1B Version: A 5-13

99 AN Optical Line Terminal Equipment Product Description Figure 5-1 E1 interface pulse mask Console Port Table 5-15 Console port specifications Item Type Standard Rate Card with this port Specification RJ-45 Asynchronous EIA / TIA bit/s HSWA 5-14 Version: A