The trend of IPv4 over IPv6 techniques, use cases and experience

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1 APRICOT Singapore The trend of IPv4 over IPv6 techniques, use cases and experience Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. Masataka MAWATARI <mawatari[at]jpix.ad.jp> Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 1/33

2 Agenda 1. Necessity of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 2. Trend of standardization 3. Comparison of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 4. Use cases in each technique 5. Trend of implementation 6. Experience in JPIX Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 2/33

3 1. Necessity of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 2. Trend of standardization 3. Comparison of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 4. Use cases in each technique 5. Trend of implementation 6. Experience in JPIX Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 3/33

5 Why is IPv4 over IPv6 needed? Lack of compatibility between protocols IPv4-only nodes can t directly communicate with IPv6-only nodes. Expanding the IPv6 internet in a moment is impossible IPv6 unsupported nodes will remain in the internet for long Introducing IPv6 for the legacy access service is unreasonable from a financial viewpoint Mechanism to work as a bridge between IPv4 and IPv6 is needed Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 5/33

6 Why is IPv4 over IPv6 needed? Lack of compatibility between protocols IPv4-only nodes can t directly communicate with IPv6-only nodes. Expanding the IPv6 internet in a moment is impossible IPv6 unsupported nodes will remain in the internet for long Introducing IPv6 for the legacy access service is unreasonable from a financial viewpoint IPv4 over IPv6 technique is needed Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 6/33

7 Advantages and disadvantages of IPv4 over IPv6 Advantages Resolution of the IPv4 address exhaustion ISPs can solve it by sharing global IPv4 addresses Simple access network ISPs can migrate their access network to simple IPv6- only network ISPs don t need to operate IPv4 access network Disadvantage Initial cost ISPs need to deploy the IPv4 over IPv6 equipments including CPEs. However, it will be commodity soon. Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 7/33

8 1. Necessity of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 2. Trend of standardization 3. Comparison of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 4. Use cases in each technique 5. Trend of implementation 6. Experience in JPIX Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 8/33

9 The history of IETF WG related to IPv IPng WG Fundamental IPv6 specification ngtrans WG Transition method (NAT- PT, 6bone, 6to4) " IPv6 Specification (RFC2460) " ICMPv6 Specification (RFC2463) IPv6 WG " NAT-PT (RFC2766) " 6bone (RFC2921) " 6to4 (RFC3056) v6ops WG Additive&improving IPv6 specification Improving IPv6 operation behave WG NAT method (CGN, NAT64) softwire WG " NAT-PT to Historic (RFC4966) IPv6 over IPv4 (6rd), IPv4 over IPv6 (DS- Lite, MAP) " Happy Eyeballs (RFC6555) " Stateless XLATE (RFC6145) " Stateful XLATE (RFC6146) " 6rd (RFC5969) " DS-Lite (RFC6333) sunset4 WG Sunsetting IPv4 Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 9/33

12 Standardization status in IETF DS-Lite Status Publication was done as a RFC 6333 (Aug, 2011) Document Category Standards Track 464XLAT Status IETF Last Call was done RFC editor queue currently in progress Document Category Informational MAP-E, MAP-T Status Rough consensus on separating into MAP-E draft and MAP-T draft at softwire WG in IETF 84 Until just before this, MAP-E and MAP-T was compiled in a draft. Discussing further at softwire WG Document Category MAP-E : Standards Track MAP-T : Experimental Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 12/33

14 1. Necessity of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 2. Trend of standardization 3. Comparison of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 4. Use cases in each technique 5. Trend of implementation 6. Experience in JPIX Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 14/33

15 The survey of IPv4 over IPv6 MAP-T Stateless IPv4 sharing Translation method 464XLAT Stateful IPv4 sharing Translation method IPv4 IPv6 CE BR IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 CLAT PLAT IPv4 NAPT44 &Stateless Translation Stateless Translation Stateless Translation Stateful Translation MAP-E Stateless IPv4 sharing Encapsulation method DS-Lite Stateful IPv4 sharing Encapsulation method IPv4 CE IPv6 BR IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 B4 IPv4 AFTR NAPT44 &Encap/Decap Encap/Decap Encap/Decap Encap/Decap &NAPT44 Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 15/33

16 Appropriate situation for techniques Separating organization between operating IPv6 access network and sharing global IPv4 addresses Stateless IPv4 sharing Translation method Stateful IPv4 sharing Translation method Assigning large prefix size for IPv4 pool & Operating managed CPEs MAP-T MAP-E 464XLAT DS-Lite Assigning short prefix size for IPv4 pool & Not operating managed CPEs Stateless IPv4 sharing Encapsulation method Stateful IPv4 sharing Encapsulation method One organization does both of operating IPv6 access network and sharing of global IPv4 addresses Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 16/33

17 Comparison between translation and encapsulation Traffic engineering operation Translation Figuring out IPv4 address from translated IPv6 packet header is practicable in the IPv6-only network Encapsulation ISPs need to install the DPI devices in the IPv6-only network, if needed Transparency of packet header Translation The lack of transparency to IPv4 packets due to IPv4/IPv6 translating Encapsulation little impact on the lack of IPv4 header information Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 17/33

18 Comparison between stateless and stateful Global IPv4 address utilization Stateless ISPs must drive the right compression ratio, so they have to get enough global IPv4 addresses Stateful ISPs can efficiently share limited IPv4 addresses Address mapping logging Stateless Logging facility is not needed Stateful Logging facility is needed Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 18/33

19 1. Necessity of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 2. Trend of standardization 3. Comparison of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 4. Use cases in each technique 5. Trend of implementation 6. Experience in JPIX Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 19/33

20 Use cases... [Question] We found that we have some available solusions. What is the best solution for us? [Answer] It depends on your situation. Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 20/33

21 Use cases of DS-Lite If the ISP hasn t enough global IPv4 addresses, If the ISP will operate both of IPv6 access network and global IPv4 address sharing, DS-Lite fits for that. end-user IPv4 B4 DS-Lite IPv6 ISP IPv4 AFTR Encap/Decap Encap/Decap &NAPT44 Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 21/33

Use cases of 464XLAT If the ISP hasn t enough global IPv4 addresses, If the ISP will operate simple IPv6 access network only and another ISP will operate global IPv4 address sharing, If IPv6 ISP

22 Use cases of 464XLAT If the ISP hasn t enough global IPv4 addresses, If the ISP will operate simple IPv6 access network only and another ISP will operate global IPv4 address sharing, If IPv6 ISP wants to monitor IPv4 address from translated IPv6 packet header in the IPv6 access network, 464XLAT fits for that. 464XLAT end-user IPv6 ISP PLAT Provider IPv4 IPv6 CLAT IPv6 PLAT IPv4 Stateless Translation Stateful Translation The IPv6 ISP can do traffic engineering translated packets without installing the DPI devices in the IPv6 network Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 22/33

23 Use cases of MAP-E and MAP-T If the ISP has sufficient global IPv4 addresses, and provision global IPv4 addresses for end-users, MAP-E and MAP-T fits for that. end-user IPv4 CE MAP-E IPv6 ISP BR IPv4 end-user IPv4 CE MAP-T IPv6 ISP BR IPv4 NAPT44 &Encap/Decap Encap/Decap NAPT44 &Stateless Translation Stateless Translation Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 23/33

24 1. Necessity of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 2. Trend of standardization 3. Comparison of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 4. Use cases in each technique 5. Trend of implementation 6. Experience in JPIX Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 24/33

DS-lite (AFTR) supported products Cisco Systems Cisco CRS (IOS-XR 4.2.1 or later) Cisco ASR 9000 Series (IOS-XR 4.2.1 or later) A10 Networks AX Series (ACOS 2.6.

25 DS-lite (AFTR) supported products Cisco Systems Cisco CRS (IOS-XR or later) Cisco ASR 9000 Series (IOS-XR or later) A10 Networks AX Series (ACOS or later) Juniper Networks MX/M/T Series (JUNOS 10.4 or later) * Please refer to release notes of the vendors Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 25/33

464XLAT (PLAT) supported products Cisco Systems Cisco ASR 1000 Series (IOS-XE 3.4.0S or later) A10 Networks AX Series (ACOS 2.

2 or later) F5 Networks BIG-IP Series (OS 11.

26 464XLAT (PLAT) supported products Cisco Systems Cisco ASR 1000 Series (IOS-XE 3.4.0S or later) A10 Networks AX Series (ACOS or later) Juniper Networks SRX Series (JUNOS 10.4 or later) M/MX Series (JUNOS 10.2 or later) F5 Networks BIG-IP Series (OS 11.1 or later) * Please refer to release notes of the vendors Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 26/33

27 MAP-T (BR) supported products Cisco Systems Cisco ASR 9000 Series (IOS-XR or later) Cisco ASR 1000 Series (IOS-XE 3.8.0S or later) * Please refer to release notes of the vendors Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 27/33

28 The other implementations DS-Lite AFTR ISC AFTR (OSS) B4 D-Link DIR-835 DIR-865L XLAT PLAT Ecdysis NAT64 (OSS) linuxnat64 (OSS) OpenBSD PF (OSS) CLAT Android-clat (OSS) NEC AccessTechnica CL-AT1000P (Trial) MAP-E, MAP-T BR/CE ASAMAP/Vyatta (OSS) ASAMAP has compatibility functions with DS-Lite AFTR/B4 and 464XLAT PLAT/CLAT. IIJ SEIL/X1 (Trial) Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 28/33

29 1. Necessity of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 2. Trend of standardization 3. Comparison of IPv4 over IPv6 technique 4. Use cases in each technique 5. Trend of implementation 6. Experience in JPIX Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 29/33

30 JPIX experiences (464XLAT trial) 464XLAT in the JPIX users meeting 2012, summer The Internet IPv4 PPPoE IPv6 PPPoE Router ONU of FLET S Hikari Next NTT-NGN Network IPv6 IPoE Router 464XLAT CLAT The Internet Backyard IPv6 464XLAT PLAT Global IPv4 KDDI Otemachi Bldg. Private IPv4 +IPv6 Private IPv4 +IPv6 Dual Stack Access Point 464XLAT Network Access Point JPIX Users Meeting Venue Conference hall Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 30/33

31 JPIX experiences (464XLAT trial) Statistics of max session per 1 client [session] /6/4 2012/6/ /6/ /6/ /7/2 2012/7/9 [date] (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) Interop Tokyo 2012 JANOG 30 Meeting Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 31/33

32 Conclusion The IPv4 over IPv6 technique... is a bridge technology between IPv4 network and IPv6 network is a solution to reasonably extend IPv6 internet without major impacts requires an eye for choosing the technique fits for your situation Copyright 2013 Japan Internet Exchange Co., Ltd. 32/33

Akira Nakagawa. JPNE MAP-E Deployment. Mar 日本ネットワークイネイブラー株式会社. Japan Network Enabler (JPNE) (JPNE) 中川あきら.

Akira Nakagawa. JPNE MAP-E Deployment. Mar 日本ネットワークイネイブラー株式会社. Japan Network Enabler (JPNE) (JPNE) 中川あきら. IETF92-v6ops@Dallas JPNE MAP-E Deployment Mar.25.2015 日本ネットワークイネイブラー株式会社 Japan Network Enabler (JPNE) (JPNE) 中川あきら Akira Nakagawa 240b::1 Agenda 1. IPv6 Deployment Status in Japan 2. IPv6 Deployment Status