The Role of TSN in the Future Industrial World and Broadcom s New Low-power Switching IC. March 2018

Transcription

1 The Role of TSN in the Future Industrial World and Broadcom s New Low-power Switching IC March Copyright Copyright 2018 Broadcom Broadcom. All Rights All Reserved. Rights Reserved. The term The Broadcom term Broadcom refers to Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or Inc. its and/or subsidiaries. its subsidiaries.

2 Introduction Industry 4.0 and TSN Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

3 Industry 4.0 Computerization of Manufacturing Process Automation IoT Cyber Physical Production Facilities 1 st Industrial Revolution Mechanical production facilities Electricity 2 nd Industrial Revolution Electrical power enables mass production 3 rd Industrial Revolution Combining IT and electronics to automate production processes 4 th Industrial Revolution Integrating production facilities with the Internet Of Things (IoT) 3 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

4 Industry 4.0 Computerization of Manufacturing Cont. Process Automation IoT Cyber Physical Communication & Interoperability Data Collection & Transparency Electricity Autonomous & Decentralized Visualizing info & Assisting Us Production Facilities 2 nd Industrial Revolution 3 rd Industrial Revolution Combining IT and electronics to automate production processes 4 th Industrial Revolution Integrating production facilities with the Internet Of Things (IoT) Electrical power enables mass production 1 st Industrial Revolution Mechanical production facilities 4 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

5 Industry 4.0 Communication and Interoperability Current Industrial market is extremely fragmented ICS (PLC) vendors >> 50 Protocols Bus & Ethernet >> 20 Delays innovation, complicate manufacturing automation environment Transition to Ethernet had minimal impact on interoperability Required complex solutions to achieve deterministic high-quality communication Source: Industrial Ethernet Protocols Market Share Source: Industrial Ethernet technologies, part 1 ; Control Engineering; April Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

6 The Shortcomings of Ethernet Ethernet is an Asynchronized Technology and Not Deterministic Asynchronous: Each device transmits frames at its own schedule, based on local clock Determinism: Guaranteed upper bound for Latency and Jitter as well as fixed Bandwidth High-Priority (P) frames get priority over Low-Priority (L) frames based on scheduling mechanism but will wait their turn if L frames are in transmission Latency and jitter of P frames transmission, certainly of L frames, is not guaranteed Ingress port X Ingress port Y 1 Egress port Z 1 2 P Latency1 P Latency2 1 3 P Latency3 TSN flow (P) BE flow (L) port X port Z port Y Latency: P Latency3 >> Latency 2, 1 Jitter: (Latency 3 / latency2) >> (latency2 / latency 1) 6 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

7 Applications Industrial Communication The Requirement for Determinism Some Industrial applications require deterministic communication with low latency Its all about the control loop (cycle): Sample sensors; Compute action; Push out command(s) Cycles times are application specific Low speed process cycle times 100s msec High speed process cycle times 250 µsec Different applications support different cycle times µsec 250 µsec Printing Machines 10 µsec 100 µsec 1 msec 10 msec Profinet IRT V2.3 Sercos III Packaging Machinery High-Speed IO ; Motion Control Profinet IRT Sercos II Standard Production Lines Standard IO; Simple applications Profinet RT Sercos I Diagnostics Information Cycle time TCP/IP 7 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

8 Industrial Communication The Requirement for Determinism Cont. Hierarchical topology with deterministic communication requirement (depends on the app) Common topology for industrial applications is daisy chain with many hopes, this forces use of low latency per hope Enterprise Requirements for high speed process: Jitter: Within the cell ±500 nsec, Within the factory ±100 μsec Delay: Within the cell < 5 μsec, Within the factory< 125 μsec Factory Floor Cell 8 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

9 Introduction to Time Sensitive Networking Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

10 What is Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) Set of standards developed by the TSN task group of IEEE working group Deterministic Multiple Standards Improved on previously defined AVB (Audio-Video Bridging) standards Reduced worst-case delays (4 μs or less per 1 Gbps speed) More usecases Extend use cases from audio/video applications to control systems Interoperable, low latency, deterministic, Ethernet communication L2 technology more is needed to achieve interoperable environment Low-Latency Interoperable L2 10 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

11 Time Sensitive Networking Basic Concept Moving from Asynchronized Frame Based to Synchronized Time Based Networks Building local TDM-like mechanism by defining clock cycles and sub cycles: Transmission of HP P frames Transmission of LP L frames Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Guard Band G G prevents transmission of L frames that might spill into the P sub-cycle Guard Band G TSN P BE L Guard Band G TSN P BE L Synchronize all nodes so that all will transmit P / L frames in the right window 802.1AS Control-loop latency is subject to PLC calculation and minimal switches cut-through latency TSN supported clock cycles can be significantly lower than other protocols 11 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

12 TSN A Look at Relevant Standards Ensuring A Common System Clock IEEE 1588 (a.k.a. PTP) 802.1AS Synchronous Ethernet 1 Overlay Protocols Stream Reservation Prot (1Qat) OPC-UA (IEC 62541) Profinet 3 Improving Forwarding and Queueing Time Aware Scheduling (1Qbv) Credit Based Shapers (1Qav) Cyclic Forwarding and Que (1Qch) Determinism 2 4 Complementary Standards Seamless Redundancy (802.1Qcb) Cut-through mode Per-Stream Filtering (802.1Qci) 12 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

13 TSN Ensuring Low Latency in Non-Congestion Scenario Reducing Latency even without TSN Issue 1: Store-and-Forward The first bit of a packet can be transmitted only after the last bit of a packet is received Significant latency for large packets Solution 1: Cut through The first bit of a packet (E1..En) can be transmitted after a part of the packet is received by the switch reduces latency of large packets In cases of congestion (frames are stored in the buffers) cut-through mode might behave like Store-and-Forward R x Packets First bit of E1 received Tx Packets R x Packets First bit of E1 received E1 Last bit of E1 received Last bit of E1 received Tx Packets Lets Assume N frames E1 to En L E1 E1 L E1 First bit of E1 transmitted Store and Forward En Last bit of E1 transmitted First bit of E1 transmitted Cut Through En En Last bit of E1 transmitted En Time Time Time Time 13 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

14 Ensuring Low Latency in Congestion Scenario Non-Engineered Network Time-critical traffic (P) should get higher priority Issue 2: What If low-priority traffic Interferes? P frames must wait until L frames finish transmission Solution 2a: Preemption (802.3br) only L traffic which is in transmission can be split (preempted) into fragments to allow P traffic to be transmitted. We ll still have latency that is governed by minimal fragment size Express Traffic (COS7) Preemptable traffic (COS6..0) MAC Merge Control (MM_CTL) Credit based shaper Port shaper Express MAC (emac) Preemtible MAC (pmac) Time-stamped Express Traffic MAC Merge Layer Time-stamped Express Traffic + Preemptable Traffic Express packets (Mframe) Express Traffic Pre- emptible Traffic P1 P2 P3 E1 En P3 (contd.) P4 Q7 Q6 Q5 Q0 Preemptible Traffic Pre-emptive SP+DRR Scheduler Preemptible packets ( Mframe ) P1 and P2 Initial fragment of Pre empted packet (Mframe) P3 Non initial fragment (Mframe) of preempted packet P3 Preemptible packet ( Mframe) P4 14 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

15 Ensuring Low Latency in Congestion Scenario Cont. Engineered Network Solution 2b: Time Aware Scheduling TAS (802.1Qbv) P and L are due to start in fixed times (windows) 802.1AS needed Time Aware Shaper(TAS) Credit based shaper Port shaper High Priority Traffic + Low Priority Traffic A guard band (G) is created before P window to ensure completion of L transmission. G > MTU transmission and L is not transmitted in G. Existing of G reduces network utilization (wasted bandwidth) Solution 1: Use preemption, transmit L frames inside G and preempt them before the P window Solution 2: If it can be determined that a frame size can be transmitted within G but before the P window we can do so will not work in Cut- Through Fixed Start of Guard Band (T0) T1-T0 = length of max-sized frame Start of Protected Window (T1) End of Protected Window (T2) L1 L2 H1 Hn L3 L4 High Priority Traffic + Lower Priority Traffic Q7 Q6 Q5 Q0 High Priority Traffic (Scheduled Traffic) Port # 0 Lower Priority Traffic Lower Priority Traffic Pre-emptive SP+DRR Scheduler T00 T01 T02 T03 Time (Txx) = Delta Time in nanoseconds relative to UTC clock Accuracy < 10nsec. Tn ocooocoo CoCCCCCC CCCCCCCo CCCCCCoC REPEAT lower priority packets L1 and L2 high priority packets H1 through Hn lower priority packets L3 and L4 15 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

16 TSN The Overlay Protocol Model OPC-UA over TSN M-2-M machine communication protocol for industrial automation developed by the OPC Foundation Profinet over TSN Promoted by the Profibus & Profinet International (PI) consortium (Hannover Fair 2017) Replacing legacy OPC that was designed using proprietary Microsoft components (DCOM) Used in a service-oriented architecture (SOA) manner with client server model Source: Industrial Ethernet book; OPC-UA over TSN gain momentum Here BROADCOM SUPPORTS BOTH 16 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Source: Profinet-Profibus PI members Here

17 RoboSwitch -2 Avenger An Industry 4.0 IC Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

18 The RoboSwitch Product Line Low to Medium Bandwidth L2 Switching: <50 GbE Broadcom Switching Product Lines Broadcom s lowest-power, lowest-cost: <10W StrataDNX StrataXGS StrataXGS RoboSwitch Optimal solution for these markets SMB: Unmanaged & Web-Managed Broadband: HGW and MDU Industrial Ethernet: I-Temp; Low-Power; TSN Embedded (on board): Connectivity only Enterprise and SP markets: vcpe; Security Appliances Serving above markets since 1999 Medium to very high bandwidth Higher Power L2+L3 Higher-end features Service- Providers, Data- Centers Low to very high bandwidth Higher Power L2+L3 Mediumend features Service- Providers,D ata- Centers, Enterprises Medium to high Bandwidth Medium Power L2 + L3 Medium-end features Smart SMB, Enterprise, SP Access, High-Port count Industrial Low to Medium Bandwidth Low power L2 Low-to- Medium-end features Industrial, Un/Web- Managed SMB, HGW/MDU, Embedded 18 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

19 RoboSwitch -2 New Architecture For Industry 4.0 Ultra low-power design with integrated highspeed ports 1/2.5/10GbE ports 28nm technology with Power reduced s Designed for small port count that can scale through cascading Small form-factor (13x13/19x19 package) IoT/IIoT software (Robo-OS ) provided Embedded arch (running on embedded processor and memory) Modular designed with open source Cloud protocols and Autodiscovery mechanisms (MQTT, REST-API, UpNP, Bonjour) 19 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

20 RoboSwitch -2 New Architecture For Industry 4.0 Cont. TSN support Clock sync standards SyncE; 1588 ; 802.1AS Forwarding and queuing standards 802.1Qav ; 802.1Qbv Cut-through mode support Per-stream filtering Improved scalability and security More resources and larger tables for future growth Embedded ARM processor to offload tasks from main processor Virtual switching instance (VSI) for better traffic segregation Security mechanisms, e.g x, for authenticating connected devices 20 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

21 Avenger The First Family in the RoboSwitch -2 architecture BCM5311X FE BCM5315X GE 8 x 10/100Base-T + 4 x 1GE + 2 x 1/2.5GE 8x10/100/1000Base-T+ QSGMII+ 2x1/2.5/10GE 2 x 1GE/2.5GE RGMII LED QSPI SPI MDIOMFIO GPIO I 2 C 2 x 1GE/2.5/10GE RGMII LED QSPI SPI MDIOMFIO GPIO I 2 C 2 SGMIII 2 x Time Sync LED Processor ARM Cortex M7 2 SGMIII 2 x Time Sync LED Processor ARM Cortex M7 8 COS SP. WRR Meters & Counters (512 flows meters, 128 port meters) L2 Processing (16K MAC) Packet Buffer (1MB) CFP (1K rules) ucontroller COS SP. WRR Meters & Counters (512 flows meters, 128 port meters) L2 Processing (16K MAC) Packet Buffer (1MB) CFP (1K rules) ucontroller 8051 MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC Quad Quad EPHY EPHY EPHY EPHY EPHY EPHY EPHY EPHY QUAD SGMII QSGMII 4x10/100Base-T 4x10/100Base-T 4x1GE 4x10/100/1000Base-T 4x10/100/1000Base-T QSGMII 21 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

22 Avenger The First Family in the RoboSwitch-2 architecture BCM5316X 2.5GE 8x10/100/1000Base-T + 4x1/2.5GE + 2x1/2.5/10GE 2 x 1GE/2.5/10GE 2 SERDES (SGMII+ or XFI/SFI) 2 x XMAC (10/2.5G) RGM-2 LED QSPI SPI MDIOMFIOGPIO I 2 C 4x10/100/1000Base-T Time Sync Memory Manager 8 COS SP.WDRR. WRR, WRED LED Processor ucontroller 8051 Meters and Counters (512 flows meters, 128 port meters) L2 Processing (16K MAC) 4x10/100/1000Base-T ARM Cortex M7 Packet Buffer (1MB) CFP (1K rules) QUAD SERDES SGM-2+ 4x1GE/2.5GE Common Features and Benefits Features and Benefits 28nm technology ; 13x13mm / 19x19mm packages Ultra low power: BCM5311X: 2.7W ; BCM5315X: 3.8W ; BCM5316X: 4W ARM Processor 8 COS queues per port with shapers, SP and WRR 1K-entry ACL/CFP support From 3-port switch to 26-p (through cascading) TSN: Sync: IEEE1588/SyncE, 802.1AS rev2, Cut-through and Store-and-Forward mode AVB and TAS shapers Per-Stream-Filtering Port Extender (802.1BR) ; MAC-in-MAC; 22 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

23 Avenger BCM53154: 4-p TSN Switch for Industrial Daisy-Chain App 23 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

24 Avenger Summary Part of new product line based on next-generation architecture named RoboSwitch -2 Ultra low-power, 28nm technology, switching ICs designed for industrial applications Supports all speeds for current and future industrial applications, 100 Mbps to 10 Gbbps Fast-Ethernet BCM5311X; Gigabit-Ethernet BCM5315X; 2.5-Gigabit-Ethernet BCM5316X From 3-p to 26-p (via cascading) Time-Sensitive-Networking support for Industry 4.0 Three software suites for different industrial automation applications 24 Copyright 2018 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term Broadcom refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

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