Timing Measurements in Packet Networks. ITSF November 2006 Lee Cosart
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1 Timing Measurements in Packet Networks ITSF November 2006 Lee Cosart
2 Presentation Outline Measurement Setup Measurement equipment configurations Network configurations Performance Metrics Phase (sequential) Maximum Time Interval Error, MTIE Time Deviation, TDEV Phase statistics Measurements Lab Network
3 Measurement Setup Measurement equipment with precision IEEE-1588 or NTP hardware time-stamping GPS time-of-day reference in each unit Required for sub-microsecond end-to-end analysis Log-files of the time-stamp data is post-processed Network configurations Basic: crossover cable, hub, switch Baseline: switch, router, multi-hop with no traffic Traffic: load based upon G.8261 data profile Production Network with Live Traffic
4 Packet Measurement Example Configurations Example Measurement Equipment Configurations Need (1) PRC TOD reference (2) Precision Packet TimeStamping (3) Analysis SW GPS GPS IEEE-1588 Source (Grandmaster) w/ HW packet timestamping (Timestamps outgoing/ incoming packets) Network IEEE-1588 Destination w/ HW packet timestamping (Timestamps packets from all sources) Analysis SW GPS GPS NTP Server w/ HW packet timestamping Network NTP Client/Probe w/ HW packet timestamping (Peerstats/Rawstats) Analysis SW
5 Packet Measurement Example Configurations Alternate Measurement Equipment Configuration for Lab GPS or Cesium IEEE-1588 Shelf Module #1 Module #2 Analysis SW Lab Network
6 IEEE 1588 vs. NTP Packet Measurement Tools: Example 1 IEEE 1588 NTP
7 IEEE 1588 vs. NTP Packet Measurement Tools: Example 2 IEEE 1588 NTP
8 Lab Network Configurations Example Lab Network Configurations GPS GPS 1588 Packet Timetamper Various Network 1588 Grandmaster 1588 Slave Configurations Network Configurations: Crossover Hub Enterprise Switch A Enterprise Switch B Enterprise Switch C Enterprise Switch D Multilayer Switch E Wirespeed router M Router X Router Y Multi-Hop: SwA/RtX/SwB Multi-Hop: SwA/RtM/SwB Multi-Hop: SwA/RtX/RtX/SwB Multi-Hop: SwA/RtX/RtY/SwB Traffic Generator
9 Performance Metrics Phase, TIE (Time Interval Error) Basis for all PM data sets Maximum Time Interval Error MTIE, PM definition defined in G.8261 (G.pactiming) Time Deviation, TDEV MTIE PHASE TDEV Crossover Hub Switch
10 Performance Metrics Statistics Standard Deviation (PDV) Mean (Latency) Maximum Peak Deviation (PDV) Crossover cable: Mean: nsec Peak to Peak: nsec Standard Deviation: nsec Hub: Mean: nsec Peak to Peak: nsec Standard Deviation: nsec Switch: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: nsec Standard Deviation: nsec Router: Mean: μsec Peak to Peak: μsec Standard Deviation: μsec
11 Performance As a Function of Load Statistics Switch (25%) Switch (50%) No traffic: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: nsec Standard Deviation: nsec 10% BW Utilization: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: msec Standard Deviation: msec 25% BW Utilization: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: msec Standard Deviation: msec Crossover Hub Switch (0%) Switch (10%) 50% BW Utilization: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: msec Standard Deviation: msec
12 Not All Devices are Equal Switch D Switch C
13 Not All Devices are Equal Switch vs. Multilayer switch vs. Router Statistics Switch: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: nsec Standard Deviation: nsec Multilayer Switch: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: nsec Standard Deviation: nsec Router: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: msec Standard Deviation: msec
14 Multilayer Switch with Traffic 5% No traffic: Mean: μsec Peak to Peak: nsec Standard Deviation: nsec 5% BW Utilization: Mean: μsec Peak to Peak: μsec Standard Deviation: nsec 10% 10% BW Utilization: Mean: μsec Peak to Peak: μsec Standard Deviation: μsec 20% 20% BW Utilization: Mean: μsec Peak to Peak: μsec Standard Deviation: μsec 30% BW Utilization: Mean: μsec Peak to Peak: μsec Standard Deviation: μsec 50% Zooms 50% BW Utilization (2 Traffic Sources): Mean: μsec Peak to Peak: μsec Standard Deviation: μsec
15 Multilayer Switch with Traffic 20% 30% 50% TDEV No load 5% 10%
16 One vs. Two Routers Statistics One router: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: μsec Standard Deviation: μsec Two routers: Mean: msec Peak to Peak: msec Standard Deviation: msec
17 One vs. Two Routers PHASE TDEV Two Routers: No Load One Router: No Load Switch: No Load
18 Raw PDV vs. Running Statistics Raw packet delay appears relatively static over time
19 Raw PDV vs. Running Statistics Standard Deviation vs. time shows decreasing noise more clearly
20 Production Network with Live Traffic Cesium Clock 1588 Packet TS Module #1 Module #2 Measurement & Analysis SW 1588 Master Analysis SW 1588 Slave TI Counter Hub Hub 100BaseT 100BaseT Switch Switch Switch 100BaseT GigE Multilayer Switch GigE T1 Router GigE Multi-Hop Ethernet GigE Multilayer Switch GigE Dark Fiber (15 km)
21 Production Network with Live Traffic Packet delay changes over time with live traffic in a production network
22 Production Network with Live Traffic In another measurement, minimum packet delay remains constant but packet delay variation (PDV) changes over time (diurnal) 8 AM 6 PM
23 Production Network with Live Traffic Tracking packet standard deviation over time shows gradual decrease through the night and then large increase during business hours 8 AM 6 PM
24 Production Network with Live Traffic IEEE 1588 slave performance can be correlated with PDV variations 8 AM 6 PM
25 Production Network with Live Traffic For the entire 24 hour period the IEEE 1588 slave meets G.8261 requirements and nearly meets G.811 requirements
26 DSLAM/ADSL2+ Modem GPS GPS NTP Server w/ HW packet timestamping NTP Client/Probe w/ HW packet timestamping (Peerstats/Rawstats) Switch Multilayer Switch Switch Analysis SW ADSL2+ Modem DSLAM
27 DSLAM/ADSL2+ Modem Large packet delay: 3 msec Mean: msec Peak to Peak: msec Standard Deviation: µsec
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