Alessandro Motta HV Instrument Transformers, Italy>

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1 X JORNADAS TÉCNICAS - ABB EN CHILE, ABRIL, 2017 Smart Grids FOCS solution with Digital Substation Alessandro Motta HV Instrument Transformers, Italy>

2 Agenda Introduction of FOCS FOCS technical parameters FOCS based applications Summary April 18, 2017 Slide 2

3 Introduction of FOCS Digital substations Energy transmission networks are changing to digital for the following reasons Benefits for Utilities Benefits for EPCs Safety: digitizing all signals right at their source reduces the risk of electrical hazards Outage time reduction: faster installation due to through pre-tested process bus systems Cost effective maintenance: more supervision and diagnostics, reduced spare parts Lower requirements: reducing burden of CTs/VTs from cabling and minimizing No of circuits Faster project delivery: Reduce material (cabling)reduced risk on cable engineering High degree of standardization: pre-engineered building blocks, e.g. panels, kiosks Easier handling of late changes as all communication is digital IEC61850 Today the IEC61850 Station bus has already replaced wiring and legacy protocols between bays by digital communication, while interfaces to field are hardwired point to point connections between primary and all secondary equipment Tomorrow the IEC Process bus will extend to the switchyard the digital substation principle: acquire once, distribute on a bus April 18, 2017 Slide 3

4 Introduction of FOCS ABB portfolio for process bus applications Overview Station level SAS600 series of Substation Automation Solutions with IEC station bus Remote control Bay level 670 series control and protection IEDs REB500 Busbar protection system IEC system engineering: IET600 IEC testing: ITT600 SA Explorer Process level NCITs ABB NCITs for GIS, CP-MU merging unit for ELK-CP14 and ELK-CP3 (current and voltage NCIT) Hybrid modules with Motordrive (PASS MD1.4) Fiber Optic Current Sensor FOCS-Free Standing or integrated in DCB (current measuring NCIT) IEC station bus IEC process bus Process level stand-alone merging units SAM600 modular process bus IO system April 18, 2017 Slide 4

5 Introduction of FOCS IEC standard and implementation guideline The standard: IEC Standard for communication networks and systems in substations, part 9-2: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) - Sampled values over ISO/IEC The standard is very broad, leaving wide room for interpretation, which complicates interoperability Area Sampling rate of analog values Standard IEC Free parameter Implementation guideline IEC LE 80 samples per period for protection and metering 256 samples per period for power quality Implementation Guideline for digital Interface to instrument transformers using IEC To facilitate implementation and enable interoperability, the UCA International Users Group created a guideline that defines an application profile of IEC Commonly referred to as IEC LE for light edition Content of dataset Time sync Configurable Not defined 3 phases current + neutral current values and quality 3 phases voltage + neutral voltage values and quality Optical pulse per second (1PPS) April 18, 2017 Slide 5

6 Introduction of FOCS What is FOCS? Fiber Optic Current Sensor is a high-voltage digital NCIT for measurement of AC and DC currents Utilizes measurement of phase shift between two circularly polarized light waves in an optical fiber Sensor head contains only passive fiber-optic elements, is small, flexible and easy adaptable to different applications Optoelectronic data-processing unit has only two interfaces: Optical Ethernet outputs for measured current signals (IEC LE) Optical 1PPS input for synchronization signal One sensor head can cover broad current range (up to hundreds of ka) and is applicable for protection as well as for metering Broad frequency bandwidth from 0Hz (DC) till 13th or 41st harmonic ABB PIONEERING SPIRIT WITH NCIT SENSORS 1986 FOCS technology-high performance gyro module with reflective coil (ABB patent), plus fiber in capillary concept to enables 0.1% accuracy DC FOCS for industrial applications introduced to the market kV EOVT introduced for front of wave detection Sensor Slipover design application FOCS-RING ABB first Faraday based optical current sensing using glass ring and analog output (MOCT) EOVT optical voltage sensor introduced enables 0.1% accuracy First pilot of 420 kv LTB with AC FOCS (3-phase, redundant) Stand alone application FOCS-FS April 18, 2017 Slide 6

7 Introduction of FOCS Operating Principle of Optical Current Sensor Michael Faraday ca André-Marie Ampère = Faraday Effect: Left and right circular light waves travel at different speeds through optical material if magnetic field is present Primary current produces magnetic field which induces a phase shift DFR of circularly polarized light Optical phase shift is proportional to any instantaneous value of primary current April 18, 2017 Slide 7

8 Introduction of FOCS 3-phase configuration 3x3 coupler Photo diodes 1x2 couplers Fiber polarizers Birefringent phase modulators PM fiber connector 1310 nm fiber retarder Source Signal processing Current conductor Phase R Current conductor Phase Y Current conductor Phase B 1310 nm sensing fiber IEC Optoelectronic data-processing unit FOCS sensor heads April 18, 2017 Slide 8

9 Introduction of FOCS FOCS local control cubicle Typical configuration AC supply for panel heating Redundant DC supply for FOCS boxes and SAM600 modules Main 1 System: Metering FOCS and SAM600 system Main 2 System: Protection FOCS and SAM600 system April 18, 2017 Slide 9

10 Agenda Introduction of FOCS FOCS technical parameters FOCS based applications Summary April 18, 2017 Slide 10

11 Signal (ka) FOCS technical parameters FOCS Performances ±0.1% Current (ka) Relative error (%) Signal (normalized) ±0.1 % Fiber coil Conductor I = const Conductor position Signal (normalized) Constant current ±0.1% experiment theory Coil temperature ( C) Very good accuracy, superior linearity after data processing Insensitivity against stray fields and conductor position Inherent temperature compensation Sensor accuracy could be within 0.1% over DT = 120 C April 18, 2017 Slide 11

12 FOCS technical parameters Accuracy and Precision of digital CTs Linearity Accuracy (Temp.) Noise level IEC class 0.2s fulfilled for outdoor temperature range (with the same sensor head is 5TPE protection class fulfilled too) April 18, 2017 Slide 12

13 FOCS technical parameters General technical parameters FOCS G2 kit (1/2) Main system specifications and technical performance data Rated primary current (I pr ) ka Rated short-time thermal current (I th ) 63 ka Rated dynamic current (I dyn ) 164 ka Rated extended primary current factor (K pcr ) 1.2 Rated sym. short-circuit-current factor for transient performance (K ssc ) Rated primary time constant (τ pr ) n/a Rated phase offset (ϕ 0r ) 0 o Accuracy class: Protection and transient protection 5P/5TPE Measuring *) IEC class 0.2 S Operating Temperature Range: Sensor Head -40 o C +85 o C Optical Cable -40 o C +70 o C Electronics -25 o C +65 o C April 18, 2017 Slide 13

14 FOCS technical parameters General technical parameters FOCS G2 kit (2/2) Merging Unit Output IEC LE Delay time <400 μs Data rate 80 or 256 samples per current period Clock input 1PPS, optical Rated frequency 50 / 60 Hz Type of connector ST / BFOC Type of fiber 62.5/125 μm Auxiliary power supply Rated auxiliary power supply voltage VDC VAC Maximum supply current (I a max ) 1050 ma Electrical output values 24 V DC, 80W min. Output cable 2 cables, length 1.7 meter each (Remark: The FOCS redundant kit is supplied with two TRACO TEX W power supplies.) April 18, 2017 Slide 14

15 Agenda Introduction of FOCS FOCS technical parameters FOCS based applications Summary April 18, 2017 Slide 15

16 FOCS based applications Overview ABB s Redundant FOCS-kit FOCS slip-over FOCS FS (Free Standing) DCB/LTB with integrated FOCS April 18, 2017 Slide 16

17 FOCS based applications FOCS Slip-over Type As a conventional bushing current transformer, it can fit any new or existing dead tank breaker (DTB, PASS or power transformer) Lightweight sensor (approx. 10 kg) easily slips down over bushing Kiosk for the Opto-electronic (OE) Module(s) can be located in the yard (30m) or in control room panel ( m) Sensor is shipped with polarization maintaining fiber (armored) which can be pulled through trench, with or without inner duct April 18, 2017 Slide 17

18 FOCS based applications FOCS Free Standing FOCS-FS is a free-standing 3-phase sensor system for 245 kv to 800 kv high voltage substations One system consists in: #3 HV columns, each one provided with one sensor head (SH), which contains two fiber coils in order to enable redundancy on the system level #1 outdoor kiosk equipped, for a redundant solution, with two opto-electronic (OE) modules April 18, 2017 Slide 18

19 FOCS based applications FOCS Free Standing Mechanical design details: Head: Aluminum casting design covers all voltage ratings and all currents ratings. Design allows installation of second optical sensor head to provide double redundancy level for the system. Primary terminals: Interchangeable, as per customer specifications and applicable Standards. Possibility to have contactless application (no HV primary terminals). Contacts are aluminum cased and contain two pass-through holes that allow periodical calibration (if requested) without necessity to disconnect the main contacts. Insulator: Based on hollow polymer insulator technology. Product family utilizes the insulators of the same diameter, filled with nitrogen on slightly positive pressure. Base: Aluminum casting base is designed for the whole product family ( kv). Optical fibers are embedded and segregated in the base area during transport and erection. Outdoor kiosk: stainless steel cabinet, IP 65 and EMC immune April 18, 2017 Slide 19

20 FOCS based applications FOCS Free Standing Parameters [unit] FOCS-FS 245 FOCS-FS 420 FOCS-FS 550 FOCS-FS 800 System Voltage Rated frequency [Hz] 50 / 60 Highest voltage for equipment [kv r.m.s.] Rated power-frequency withstand voltage [60 s] [kv r.m.s.] Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage [1,2/50 µs] [kv peak] Rated switching impulse withstand voltage [250/2500 µs] [kv peak] N/A Current ratings Rated primary current [A] Max continuous thermal current [A] 4800 Rated short circuit current (1 s / 3 s) [ka] 63 / 40 Rated dynamic current [ka] 164 Insulator Material - Color N/A composite - grey Min nominal specific creepage distance 31 mm/kv (as per IEC table 6) (Pollution level 4 - Very Heavy) Min flashover distance mm Static withstand loads N Class II: 4000 Class II: 5000 as per customer specifications Insulation fluid N/A N 2 Filling absolute pressure MPa ambient pressure Accuracy Protection accuracy Metering accuracy Interfaces Digital output N/A N/A N/A IEC Class 5P, 5TPE IEEE 10% IEC class 0.2s (for rated primary current 400 A) IEEE class 0.15s (for rated primary current 400 A) Digital output (IEC LE) Optical ethernet cable: Duplex MM 62.5/125 with ST connector Optical 1PPS cable: Duplex (or Simplex) MM 62.5/125 with ST connector April 18, 2017 Slide 20

21 FOCS based applications FOCS Free Standing Parameters [unit] FOCS-FS 245 FOCS-FS 420 FOCS-FS 550 FOCS-FS 800 Options Redundancy of electronics Merging unit for VT signals Redundancy of power supply Environmental conditions N/A N/A N/A Outdoor equipment operating temperature (shade) [ C] Relative humidity % Altitude above sea level [m] Air pollution [IEC 60815] N/A Corrosive environment [ISO ] Solar radiation Ice load Seismic level Control cabinet degree of protection [IEC 60529] Dimensions and weights N/A [W/m^2] mm g N/A HV Column height (one phase) [mm] HV Column net weight (one phase) [kg] HV Column shipping weight (three phases in one box) [kg] HV Column shipping dimensions (three phases in one box) [mm] 1200 x 3100 x x 4600 x x 5500 x x 7500 x 1200 HV Column fixing points on pedestal N/A #4 holes ø22 at 480 x 480 mm Control Cabinet dimensions (width x height x depth) [mm] 800 x 1000 x 300 (non redundant system) 1000 x 1200 x 300 (redundant system) Control Cabinet net weight Control Cabinet shipping dimensions Control Cabinet shipping weight [kg] [mm] [kg] Available on request Available on request Available on request [-40; +45] Very Heavy C3 C5 (Medium Very high) ,5 IP (non redundant opto-electronics with merging unit) 150 (redundant opto-electronics with merging units) 1200 x 1400 x 650 (non redundant system) 1000 x 1200 x 300 (redundant system) 165 (non redundant opto-electronics with merging unit) 210 (redundant opto-electronics with merging units) April 18, 2017 Slide 21

22 FOCS based applications FOCS Free Standing 245 kv 800 kv height 1,80 m height 2,72 m height 3,23 m height 1,80 m height 7,12 m height 8,05 m weight 80 kg weight 158 kg weight 480 kg weight 80 kg weight 355 kg weight kg April 18, 2017 Slide 22

23 FOCS based applications DCB with FOCS DCB/LTB Integration Concept April 18, 2017 Slide 23

24 FOCS based applications DCB with FOCS DCB/LTB Integration Concept April 18, 2017 Slide 24

25 FOCS based applications DCB with FOCS Advantages FOCS sensor head integrated in DCB DCB with FOCS provides integrated breaking (and disconnecting) and current measurement functions in one apparatus Improved safety. Less HV stressed components. More compact solution, less space required. Less complex substation engineering. Less material needed. Conventional AIS With disconnecting circuit breakers a complete bay, CB, CT, DS, ES can be realized with one compact assembly DCB with FOCS April 18, 2017 Slide 25

26 FOCS based applications System architecture variants NR SR DR Level of redundancy can be specified, simply realized by combining different number of components (opto-electronics units and sensor head) non-redundant (NR) configuration - 1xSC+3xPC single redundant (SR) configuration 2xSC+3xPC double redundant (DR) configuration - 4xSC+6xPC Variants optionally combinable with SAM600 standalone merging units (digitalize analog signals from conventional VTs, synchronization, consolidated digital output stream (IEC LE protocol) with current and voltage) 1x 1x 2x 1x 2x 4x NR-M SR-M DR-M 1x 1x 2x 1x 2x 4x April 18, 2017 Slide 26

27 FOCS based applications FOCS monitor software Monitor supports diagnostics-configurability PC Software supplied to communicate with OE Module Ethernet physical connection Secure Functions: Visual display of current values and waveforms Diagnostics Check status of any alarms or issue, Configure FOCS rescaling /polarity/quality bit /PPS Included with every FOCS April 18, 2017 Slide 27

28 Summary FOCS technology enabling digital substations FOCS-kit & technology FOCS-FS and FOCS Slip over In addition for DCB with FOCS Enables smart grids and digital substations process bus, interoperable with all 9-2LE devices Eco-efficient - Minimal environmental impact (no oil or SF6) Reduced substation footprint - zerofootprint digital CT functionality Accurate - fast AC/DC measurement without saturation Compact - low weight and size Economical - lower S/S costs Universal - protection, measurement and revenue metering in one device, AC and DC capability Reliable - simple architecture, different levels of redundancy, robust design with self-diagnosis/alarming Robust easy and fast installation and commissioning, less prone to failures Safe no explosion, no electrocution Versatile - designs with add-on capability possible (slip-over exists, later also wrap-around and bolt-on) Plug&Play - exchangeable and hot-swappable MU General - adaptable to different applications Future ready - opens perspectives for future digital substations and P&C methods Adaptable - various installation variants (terminal pads, contactless) Service friendly - erection optimized design, low installation and commissioning costs Low weight - ideal for areas with high earthquake risk Maintenance free - e.g. no oil sampling Simplified engineering U and I to be defined only April 18, 2017 Slide 28

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