Arcom SBC104 PC/104 Compatible Embedded Processor Card

Transcription

1 Arcom SBC104 PC/104 Compatible Embedded Processor Card Technical Manual Product Information Full information about other Arcom products is available by contacting our WebSite at: Useful Contact Information Customer Support Europe Tel: +44 (0) Fax: +44 (0) Customer Support US Tel: Fax: Sales offices United Kingdom: Arcom Control Systems Ltd Clifton Road Cambridge CB1 7EA, UK Tel: Fax: United States: Arcom Control Systems Inc South Oak Street Kansas City MO USA Tel: Fax: Sales hotlines Belgium: Groen Nummer: Tel: Fax: France: Numero Vert Tel: Fax: Whilst Arcom s sales team is always available to assist you in making your decision, the final choice of boards or systems is solely and wholly the responsibility of the buyer. Arcom s entire liability in respect of the boards or systems is as set out in Arcom s standard terms and conditions of sale. Germany: Kostenlose Infoline: Tel: Fax: Netherlands: Gratis 0800 Nummer: Tel: Fax: Italy: Numero Verde: Tel: Fax: If you intend to write your own low level software, you can start with the source code on the disk which is supplied. This is example code only to illustrate use on Arcom s products. It has not been commercially tested. No warranty is made in respect of this code and Arcom shall incur no liability whatsoever or howsoever arising from any use made of the code Arcom Control Systems Ltd Arcom Control Systems is a subsidiary of Fairey Group Plc. All trademarks recognised. Arcom Control Systems Ltd operate a company-wide quality management system which has been certified by the British Standards Institution (BSI) as compliant with ISO9001:1994 Page 1

2 Contents Introduction... 6 Features... 6 Getting Started... 8 Setting up the SBC Connecting the power... 8 Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive... 8 Connecting an Hard Disk Drive... 8 Connecting a CD-ROM (IDE Type)... 9 Connecting a printer... 9 Using the Serial interfaces... 9 Using the Flash memory silicon drive... 9 Using the PC/104 Expansion Bus Battery Backup Using the SBC Using the SBC104 as a PC Using the SBC104 without VGA card or keyboard Setting up the SBC104 for remote mode ROM-DOS Remote-Disk Using ROM-DOS remote disk with Windows Using ROM-DOS remote disk with Windows 95/ Using the BIOS system SETUP utility Disabling the On-board Flash Connectors and Links Connector functions Link Configuration EMC Chassis point Detailed Hardware description Processor Memory Dram BIOS EPROM Flash Memory/Silicon Disk Battery Backed SRAM Disk-On-Chip support Memory Map Page 2

3 User Link Watchdog Timer Floppy Disk Controller IDE Interface Keyboard Controller Serial Ports COM2 Interface standards RS RS Parallel Port Real Time Clock I/O Map Interrupts DMA Controller Status LED s PC Speaker RESET Switch Special Function Registers Watchdog Timer SRAM Memory User Link Flash Memory Software Support Datalight ROM-DOS Datalight FlashFX Wear Levelling Flash Filing System The TSR2000 Utility Utilities diskette The SAVECMOS utility Appendix A - Connectors Appendix B - Mechanical Layout Appendix C Trouble shooting Audible signals Appendix D Circuit diagrams Page 3

4 Revision History Manual PCB Date Comments Issue A Issue B Issue C Issue D Issue E V1 Iss2 V1 Iss2 V1 Iss2 V2 Iss3 V3 Iss First full release of Manual Minor edits throughout Manual Inclusion of ROM-DOS 6.22 [ECO2614, 2649] [ECO2704, 2721] Page 4

5 Disclaimer The information in this manual has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate. Arcom Control Systems assumes no responsibility for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Arcom Control Systems assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies that may be contained in this document. Arcom Control Systems makes no commitment to update or keep current the information contained in this manual. Arcom Control Systems reserves the right to make improvements to this document and/or product at any time and without notice. Anti-Static Handling This board contains CMOS devices that could be damaged in the event of static electricity being discharged through them. At all times, please observe anti-static precautions when handling the board. This includes storing the board in appropriate anti-static packaging and wearing a wrist strap when handling the board. Battery The board contains a Nickel Metal-Hydride rechargeable battery. Do not short-circuit the battery or place on a metal surface where the battery terminals could be shorted. During shipment the battery is isolated from the board's circuitry and should be connected before using the board. Please refer to the link section of this manual for details. When disposing of the board or battery, take appropriate care. Do not incinerate, crush or otherwise damage the battery. Packaging Please ensure that should a board need to be returned to Arcom Control Systems, it is adequately packed, preferably in the original packing material. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Electromagnetic Compatibility testing has been performed using the SBC104 product as a component in Arcom s CE marked ACEpc system. Radiated and Conducted EM emissions comply with standards for light industrial equipment. However, the SBC104 is classified as a component with regard to the European Community EMC regulations and it is the users responsibility to ensure that systems using the board are compliant with the appropriate EMC standards. Acknowledgements ROM-DOS and FlashFX, are trademarks of Datalight Inc. MS-DOS, Windows and Windows 95 are trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation. Disk-On-Chip 2000 and Disk-On-Chip Millennium are trademarks of M-Systems Inc. All other trademarks acknowledged Technical Support Arcom Control Systems has a team of technical support engineers who will be able to provide assistance if you have any problems with this product. Please contact the Arcom support team at support@arcom.co.uk for Europe, or support@arcomcontrols.com for US customers. Page 5

6 Introduction This manual describes the operation and use of Arcom s SBC104 Single Board Computer. It has been designed as both a reference and a user manual and includes information on using all aspects of the board. The SBC104 is a Eurocard sized PC/AT compatible processor board with PC/104 expansion bus, designed to be embedded into OEM equipment. When combined with a PC/104 VGA CRT/LCD display module, this product can form the complete DOS compatible PC for embedded applications. The board is fitted with 2 or 4 Mbytes of DRAM, 1 or 4 Mbytes of silicon disk drive and optionally 128Kbytes of battery backed SRAM. On board peripherals include two serial ports, floppy disk controller, hard disk (IDE) controller, parallel port (LPT1) and PS/2 keyboard interface. The board can be purchased in the following standard variants:- SBC F1 SBC F4 25MHz CPU, 2MB DRAM, 1MB Flash 25MHz CPU, 4MB DRAM, 4MB Flash Contact Arcom Control Systems sales for pricing and availability. Features CPU: 80368SX 25MHz with PC/AT architecture. Expansion: PC/104 expansion bus, 8/16-bit. Single master only. BIOS: Chips and Technologies SCAT/SX BIOS (Basic Input-Output System) in 128KB flash EPROM System memory: 2MB or 4MB of Fast page DRAM. Optional 128KB of battery backed SRAM. Silicon Disk: 1MB of Intel SmartFlash, or 4MB of Intel StrataFlash. Includes Datalight Flash Filing system FlashFX TM. Includes Datalight ROM-DOS TM Support for M-SYSTEMS Disk-On-Chip silicon drives. Integrated I/O: Battery backed Real Time Clock. AT keyboard interface via a 6-way mini DIN socket. IDE interface, supporting up to two IDE devices. FDD interface, supporting two Floppy Disk Drives up to 1.44MB. LPT parallel port, supporting SPP, and bi-directional EPP modes. Two 16C450 UART compatible RS232 serial ports (COM1 & COM2), up to Baud. Link selectable full-duplex RS-422 or half-duplex RS-485 available on COM2. Page 6

7 Watchdog timer generating an NMI or optional RESET. Link selectable 3 second or 8 second time-out. Battery: 11mAHr Ni-MH battery Full charge up time = 70 hours Hold-up time = 550 hours Battery life = 6 25 C Size: Single Eurocard footprint, 100mm x 160mm (3.94 x 6.30 ) Other features: Single user link. Mini speaker for audible warnings. Flash drive access LED indicator and processor run LED indicator. EMC chassis connection point. General Specification: Operating temperature range: 0 C to +65 C (with battery fitted) -20 C to +70 C (with battery removed) Power consumption: +5V MTBF: SBC F1: 140,654 hours SBC F4: 138,914 hours (Calculated using generic figures from MIL-HDBK-217F at ground benign). Page 7

8 Getting Started This section of the manual has been designed to guide you through setting up and using some of the features of the SBC104. Please read this section carefully before powering up your SBC104 for the first time. For more detailed information on any aspect of the board, please refer to the "Detailed Hardware Description" section of this manual. Setting up the SBC104 The SBC104 is a PC-compatible processor board, incorporating flash memory configured as a silicon read/write disk drive. There are connections on the SBC104 for a keyboard, floppy drive, a hard drive, two serial communication ports and a parallel port. There is also a PC/104 connector that will allow you to connect a PC/104 VGA board to form a complete PC system environment. Connecting the power Connect a +5V power supply via the power header PL5. The SBC104 does not require ±12V to operate, however other PC/104 modules connected to the SBC104 may require a +12V or 12V power supply (such as the AIM104-SER4), in which case these supplies should also be connected through PL5. Refer to the labelling on the board and to appendix A for the correct connections. Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive The SBC104 supports up to two floppy disk drives, connected through PL4, appearing as drives A: and B:. For connection of standard PC compatible floppy drives, where both drives are configured to use Drive Select 1 (DS1), DRIVE A: should be connected via a twisted cable and DRIVE B: via a straight cable. The SBC104 can also be set up for connection of drives which are configured to use Drive Select 0 (DSO). This allows connection of DRIVE A: via a straight cable and DRIVE B: via a twisted ribbon cable. Please refer to the link configuration section of this manual, for details on link settings for links LK7 and LK8. The BIOS default configuration assumes that a single 1.44MB floppy disk drive is connected as drive A:. If you require a different configuration you must configure the BIOS using the set-up screen. Note: In order to support two floppy disk drives at the same time the 34 way cable should be fitted with three connectors. The board connector and one of the drive connectors should be fitted 1:1 and the third connector should have a twist in the cable which swaps pins 10 to 16 on this connector. Connecting an hard disk drive (HDD) The SBC104 can support one or two IDE hard disk drives connected to PL3 via a 40- way 1:1 cable. The primary drive (C:) should be set-up as the 'MASTER' and the secondary drive as the 'SLAVE'. The default CMOS RAM BIOS configuration assumes that primary and secondary fixed disks are not installed. To configure this new hardware correctly it is necessary to enter the system SETUP utility during boot by pressing CTRL+ALT+S when prompted. The hardware parameters for the particular drives being used may be entered under the STANDARD SETUP OPTIONS menu screen. It is important to Page 8

9 refer to the section entitled Using the BIOS system SETUP utility for a more detailed description of configuring the system with SETUP. The maximum size of hard drive that the SBC104 IDE interface will recognise is 2Gigabytes. Larger drives can however be connected, but the maximum usable space on the drive will be 2GB. To use larger drives it is necessary to set the fixed disk parameters in the BIOS system SETUP utility to their maximum values: Cylinders Heads Pre Lz Sectors Size The drive must then be partitioned and formatted as a 2GB drive using the ROM-DOS FORMAT utility, which can be found on the utilities disk. If the board is fitted with flash memory and this has been formatted as a silicon disk drive (i.e. with FlashFX), then this media will be allocated as the primary disk drive (i.e. C:\ in a DOS based system). Any hard disk drive connected will therefore be allocated the next available logical drive letter. If it is necessary for the system primary drive to be an IDE hard drive, the on board flash drive must be disabled. Please refer to the Using the BIOS system SETUP utility section of this manual for instructions on how this can be done. Connecting a CD-ROM (IDE Type) If a CD-ROM drive is required in the system, it may be connected in place of the secondary drive detailed above. The CD-ROM should be configured as a 'SLAVE' device. Drivers will be required to support the drive under DOS. Connecting a Printer An enhanced parallel port has been incorporated onto the SBC104. This port can be used to support a 'CENTRONICS' compatible printer or EPP bi-directional device. The signals are routed to a 26 way boxed header and the pin assignment has been arranged to allow 1:1 connection with a 25 way IDC D-Type socket. This socket is compatible with a standard printer port connector on a desktop machine. Using the Serial interfaces The two RS-232 serial port interfaces on the SBC104 are fully PC compatible. They are decoded at standard PC address locations for COM1 and COM2. PC applications will be able to use these ports without any special configuration. Connection to the serial ports is via 9-way D-Type connectors PL8 and PL9. The D- Type connectors are compatible with the standard 9-way connector on a desktop machine. Additionally COM2 may be configured as an RS-422 full duplex or as an RS-485 half duplex (link selectable) communications port. Please refer to the link configuration section, and detailed hardware description sections of this manual for detailed information. Using the Flash memory silicon drive The SBC104 board is supplied with a licensed copy of Datalights Flash Filing System FlashFX and ROM-DOS pre-loaded. Page 9

10 The flash memory incorporated onto the SBC104 is configured as a silicon read/write drive, implemented using FlashFX. The on-board Flash memory appears exactly as a normal hard drive interface, enabling the disk to be accessed using standard DOS routines. There is no need to configure the on-board Flash memory using the system SETUP utility as FlashFX is installed as a BIOS extension, which will automatically configure the Flash as a logical DOS drive. ROM-DOS is a flexible, small and fast operating system, designed for embedded systems. It is command compatible with Microsoft MS-DOS. When shipped the SBC104 flash memory is formatted and configured as a ROM-DOS bootable disk. Any DOS platform application software can be loaded onto the Flash disk, and run exactly as if it were a standard hard drive. Using the PC/104 Expansion Bus PC/104 modules can be used with the SBC104 to add extra functionality to the system. The PC/104 interface supports 8/16 bit ISA bus style interfaces. Arcom Control Systems have a wide range of PC/104 modules that are compatible with the SBC104. These include modules for digital I/O, analogue I/O, motion control, video capture, CAN bus, serial interfaces etc. Please contact Arcom sales if a particular interface you require does not seem to be available as these modules are continually being developed. Other manufacturers' boards can also be used with this interface if they conform to the PC/104 specification. In order to use a PC/104 board with the SBC104 it should be plugged into SK1 for 8- bit cards and SK1/SK2 for 16-bit cards. Before powering up the system ensure that you have checked that the link settings on the card for I/O address, IRQ and DMA settings do not conflict with any devices on the SBC104. Battery backup Battery back-up is necessary to maintain the CMOS RAM BIOS settings. The battery is isolated by link LK3 during shipment, so it is important to move LK3 to position A to enable the battery backup facility. If battery backup is to be supplied from an external source instead of the on-board battery then connect the positive voltage from the backup supply (which must be between +3V and +5V.) to +VBB and the ground to GND on PL5. In this case LK3 should be removed completely. It is important to remember that the on-board battery may not be fully charged when you first receive the product. Therefore the battery may require a first time charge of up to 70 hours. If a battery back-up voltage is not present, or if the battery has been isolated or disconnected, then the CMOS RAM will revert to its default settings. Refer to the section entitled Using the BIOS system SETUP utility for a more detailed description of configuring the system with SETUP. Note: Even with the default CMOS RAM settings the SBC104 will boot successfully without a keyboard, floppy or hard drive connected. There will, however, be an error message on boot-up that will indicate that drive a:\ is not configured correctly. Please ignore this message. Page 10

11 Using the SBC104 Using the SBC104 as a PC Connect a standard PC/AT keyboard to the PS/2 keyboard socket SK3. Plug a PC/104 compatible VGA CRT/LCD driver board (e.g Arcom s AIM04-VGA-CRT) into the PC/104 bus stack connector. The SBC104 will work with either 8-bit or 16-bit cards. Connect up your CRT monitor or LCD flat panel to this module. If required connect floppy drives, hard drives and any parallel device as described in the previous section Getting started, making sure that the cables are connected correctly (see appendix A for connections). Finally plug in the power socket PL5, ensuring that supply connections correspond to the labelling on the board. Turn the power on. The Chips and Technologies SCATsx/PEAKsx BIOS sign on message will be displayed on the screen, and the BIOS will perform a RAM integrity test. At this point of the boot process the BIOS system SETUP utility can be entered by pressing CTRL-ALT-S when prompted. If no floppy disk drive is connected, there will be an error message displayed indicating that drive A: is not configured correctly. This message can be ignored. Once the POST (Power-On-Self-Test) process is complete, the SBC104 will beep to confirm that all the BIOS hardware checks have been completed successfully, and the FlashFX BIOS extension will be executed. The SBC104 will then load ROM-DOS from the flash memory silicon disk drive, and will run the pre-installed AUTOEXEC.BAT file and FINDVGA.COM. This utility will check to see if there is VGA card present. Once this is done the SBC104 will display a message saying VGA FOUND and then return the C:\ command prompt. The SBC104 has now successfully booted. Using the SBC104 without VGA card or keyboard. The SBC104 can be used without a VGA module or keyboard. This is achieved by communicating with the SBC104 remotely, over a serial link to a host PC. The SBC104 is factory loaded with a simple AUTOEXEC.BAT file and a small utility FINDVGA.COM that detects the presence of a VGA card. If there is a VGA card fitted then the SBC104 can be used in the same way as any PC, as described in the previous section. If there is no VGA card fitted to the SBC104, then the AUTOEXEC.BAT will re-direct console input/output to the serial port COM1. The SBC104 may therefore be operated in remote mode by connecting serial port COM1 to a terminal, or to a PC running a terminal emulator such as Windows Hyper- Terminal. Page 11

12 Setting up the SBC104 for Remote mode 1. A null modem cable should be connected between the COM1 D-type connector on the SBC104 and a free COM port on the PC. The cable should configured as follows: SBC104 9-way PC/Terminal 9-way Nc nc PC/Terminal 25-way nc nc 2. The output from the SBC104 needs to be re-directed to the serial port COM1. The board is pre-configured with a simple AUTOEXEC.BAT file that calls FINDVGA.EXE which will default to COM1 if a PC/104 VGA card is not detected. These files can be found on the utilities disk under A:\INSTALL\. The SBC104 will configure COM1 to the settings below: Baudrate 9600 Parity none Bits 8 Stop 1 3. To communicate with the SBC104 through this serial link a terminal emulator window should be opened on the host PC and set to the above settings. In Windows 3.11 use the terminal icon. In Windows 95/98 use the hyper terminal icon. The terminal emulator window should be configured to the PC serial communications port that the null modem cable is connected to, and with the same parameters that are used on the SBC104. Baudrate 9600 Parity none Bits 8 Stop 1 4. Turn on the SBC104. The flash access LED will flash intermittently to show that the flash memory silicon drive is being accessed as the SBC104 boots. After approximately thirty seconds the message below should appear in your terminal window: CHIPS SCATsx/PEAKsx BIOS Decompilation or Disassembly Prohibited Copyright Arcom Control Systems Ltd. SBC104 Copyright (C) Chips and Technologies, Inc,.All Rights Reserved Output Re-directed to COM1 Page 12

13 Do you want to start REMSERV? [Y/N] To run the remote disk utility REMSERV, press Y. To exit to the DOS prompt press N. ROM-DOS Remote Disk When developing software for the SBC104 in remote mode, you can access the flash drive using either the floppy drive, or by using the serial port as a remote connection. The ROM-DOS Remote Disk Utility allows you to access the SBC104 on-board flash file memory as if it were a logical disk drive on a host desktop PC. The SBC104 s flash memory silicon drive will appear as the next available drive letter (e.g. D:\). Therefore it is possible to edit files on the SBC104 and copy files between the host system. In remote disk set up the SBC104 which is sharing its C:\ drive is termed the server. The other system, the PC that will access and use the remote drives, is called the client. Below are brief guidelines on using ROM-DOS Remote Disk. For more detailed information regarding the use of REMDISK, REMSERV and REMQUIT, refer to Arcom Product Notice APN36 which is shipped with this product, and to the document REMDISK.PDF provided on the utilities disk. Using ROM-DOS Remote Disk with Windows Create a directory on your hard disk called REMDISK. Copy the files REMDISK.EXE and REMQUIT.EXE from the utilities disk to this directory. 2. Add the line DEVICE=C:\REMDISK\REMDISK.EXE /b9600 /comn to the CONFIG.SYS file. Where N is the COM port that the null modem cable is connected to. This will cause the client PC to assign a drive for the SBC104 Flash memory disk. Turn off the client PC. 3. Complete the above section on Setting up the SBC104 in Remote Mode. 4. At the c:\ prompt in the terminal window, type: REMSERV c: /b9600 /com1. This will configure the SBC104 on-board Flash for remote access. As the SBC104 is now running REMSERV it can not be accessed through the terminal window until the Remote Disk utility is terminated. 5. Open the file manager and the SBC104 Flash memory disk should appear as the D:\ drive or the next available drive. 6. To terminate the remote disk utility open a MS-DOS window and type: REMQUIT. This will free the SBC104 from running REMSERV and allow you to run programs on the SBC104 using the terminal window. Using ROM-DOS Remote Disk with Windows 95/98 Windows 95/98 differs from Windows 3.11 in the manner in which it controls the COMs ports. This can lead to the Remote Disk utility working incorrectly. To avoid this, follow the steps below exactly: 1. Follow steps 1-4 on how to use Remote disk with Windows Close the Hyper terminal window as Windows 95/98 will not let two applications share a COM port. Page 13

14 3. Open Windows Explorer. The SBC104 should appear as Removable Disk [D:] or the next available drive letter. 4. To terminate the Remote Disk utility the SBC104 must be re-booted. (REMQUIT does not work.) Page 14

15 Using the BIOS system SETUP utility This section of the manual explains how to enter the BIOS system SETUP utility, and use it to configure the battery backed CMOS RAM settings. This may be necessary if a battery back-up voltage is not present, or if the battery has been isolated or disconnected, in which case the CMOS RAM will revert to its default settings. Since the battery is isolated during shipment, the CMOS RAM may be corrupted or configured incorrectly the first time that the SBC104 is booted. The board may need to be reconfigured to accept additional hard disk or floppy drives, as will load its default CMOS RAM settings. These default settings configure the SBC104 for a single floppy drive, and no hard disks. To run the BIOS system SETUP utility, requires the presence of a PC/104 VGA board and a keyboard (i.e the SBC104 operating as a PC). After applying power to the SBC104, or after reset, the Chips and Technologies SCATsx/PEAKsx BIOS sign on message will be displayed on the screen. The BIOS will then perform a RAM integrity test, and will Shadow the system BIOS and video BIOS to RAM. At this point of the boot process the message Press CTRL+ALT+S to enter the system SETUP utility will be displayed at the bottom of the screen. To enter the BIOS system SETUP utility press CTRL+ALT+S simultaneously as prompted. The message Loading SETUP will be displayed, the screen will clear and the STANDARD SETUP OPTIONS menu screen will appear. Once in SETUP various parameters can be configured. To change a parameter use the arrow keys to highlight the relevant section and then use the space bar to scroll through the available options. For example to configure a new hard disk drive, highlight Primary fixed disk (C:) using the arrow keys, then use the space bar to select the correct hard disk type. Alternatively enter user defined parameters. To save the settings and exit press F10. To exit without saving the new parameters, press ESC. For standard operation of the SBC104 it is only necessary to change the time and date, floppy and hard drive parameters. Note: Altering some of the advanced CMOS RAM BIOS parameters may cause the SBC104 to work incorrectly. To reset to the default settings turn off the power to the SBC104 and move link LK3 to position B for a few seconds. Then replace LK3 in position A. Disabling the On-board Flash The Datalight FlashFX Flash Filing System used to organise the on-board flash, always assigns this silicon disk drive as logical drive C:\. If it is necessary for your primary disk drive C:\ to be an IDE hard drive, the flash drive should be disabled (This is particularly useful if the SBC104 is intended to run Windows from an IDE drive). To disable the flash it is necessary to enter the BIOS system SETUP utility as described in previously. In the STANDARD SETUP OPTIONS menu, press the Page Up key to the enter CHIPset REGISTER CONTROL menu. A warning message will be displayed saying that improper use of the chipset registers may cause the system to fail. Press any key to reach the register table. Using the arrow keys, scroll down to register 48 and across to bit 4. Press the space bar to change the 1 to a 0. Scroll Page 15

16 right to bit 5 and press the space bar to change this to a 0. This will disable the part of the EPROM BIOS that loads in the FlashFX BIOS extension to run which configures the flash memory. Press F10 to save these settings and re-boot. The SBC104 will boot, without displaying the usual Datalight FlashFX sign on message, and will attempt to load an operating system from the primary hard drive that is connected, or a floppy disk. Note: Once the area of the EPROM BIOS that loads in the FlashFX BIOS extension has been disabled, it is not possible to access the flash memory as a silicon disk drive. To activate the Flash simply return to the Chipset register menu in the BIOS SET-UP and change bits 4 and 5 of register 48 back to 1 s. WARNING: Do not alter any of the other values in the Chipset register menu. If the SBC104 does not appear to work correctly after the BIOS settings have being changed then turn of the SBC104 move LK3 from position A to B. Wait a few seconds and then replace LK3 back in position A. Turn on the SBC104 and the BIOS will boot the SBC104 with the default BIOS settings. Page 16

17 Connectors and Links Connector and link positions Connector functions Connector Description Mating Connector Type (Part Number) PL1 IDE Hard Disk Drive access 2-way Dubox housing (Berg )* LED PL2 Unused / Not fitted PL3 IDE Interface Standard way (2 row) IDC socket PL4 Floppy Disk Interface Standard way (2 row) IDC socket PL5 SBC104 Power Supply 6-way Mini-Combicon (IMO /6) Connector PL7 Reset Switch Header 2-way Dubox housing (Berg )* PL8 COM1 RS232 Serial Port Standard 9-way D-type socket PL9 COM2 RS232/422/485 Serial Standard 9-way D-type socket Port PL10 Parallel Port Interface Standard way (2 row) IDC socket SK1 40-way PC/104 Expansion PC/104 40way stack-through connector SK2 64-way PC/104 Expansion PC/ way stack-through connector SK3 PS/2 Keyboard PS/2 plug * The Dubox housing connectors require crimps, Berg part number Link Configuration There are twenty one configuration links on the SBC104. The following section provides details on these links. The '+' sign indicates the default position for each link. LK1 Interrupt IRQ4 Source select LK1 Fit + Omit Description Interrupt IRQ4 is shared for COM1 and the PC104 bus. Interrupt IRQ4 source is the PC/104 bus only. Page 17

18 LK2 Interrupt IRQ3 Source select LK2 Fit + Omit Description Interrupt IRQ3 is shared for COM2 and the PC104 bus. Interrupt IRQ3 source is the PC/104 bus only. LK3 Battery disable. A battery link is fitted to isolate the battery during shipment. This link can also be used to clear the contents of CMOS RAM. Note- Link LK3 must be removed if battery backup is provided from an external source, via the +VBB connection of PL5. LK3 A B + Description Battery connected battery backup enabled Battery disconnected CMOS RAM cleared. LK4 Factory fitted surface mount link DO NOT CHANGE LK5 Hardware Watchdog Timer NMI/RESET select The hardware Watchdog Timer may be configured so that it generates a NMI to the CPU, or a Master Hardware Reset of the CPU and all peripherals. LK5 Fit + Omit Description Watchdog Time-out causes a Master Hardware Reset. Watchdog Time-out causes a NMI to the CPU. LK6 SRAM CS2 When using a battery backed SRAM device in socket IC1, link LK6 must be fitted to connect the enable pin CS2 of the SRAM device (pin 30) to PWRGOOD. If an M- Systems Disk-On-Chip device is fitted in socket IC1, pin 30 must be disconnected and LK6 must be omitted (also refer to links LK13 and LK14 for SRAM and Disk-On- Chip settings). LK6 Fit + Omit Description IC1 Pin 30 (SRAM CS2) is connected to PWRGOOD. IC1 Pin 30 (DOC N/C) is disconnected. LK7 & LK8 Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) type select Many standard PC Floppy Disk Drives, configured for Drive Select 1 (DS1), require a twisted cable in order to be assigned as the primary drive A:\. These links allow the use of a straight ribbon cable, with a floppy drive configured as DS0. LK7 & LK8 A + B Description For FDD s that require a twisted cable For FDD s that do not require a twisted cable LK9, LK10, LK11, LK12, LK16, LK17, LK18, LK20 & LK21 COM2 RS- 232/422/485 Configuration These links are used to configure the serial communication port COM2 for one of the protocols RS-232/422 or 485. They may be used to enable either an RS-232 or an Page 18

19 RS-422/485 interface, configure the interface for either RS-485 (a half duplex protocol) or RS-422 (a full duplex protocol), and connect the RS-422/ Ω line termination. LK9 Fit Omit + LK10 Fit Omit + LK11 Fit Omit + LK12 Fit Omit + LK16 Fit Omit + LK17 Fit Omit + Description Enables RS-422/485 interface on COM2 Enables RS-232 interface on COM2 Description Connects RS-485 (RS-422 TX) 120Ω line termination resistor if SBC104 is at the end of the network. RS-485 (RS-422 TX) line termination resistor is isolated. Description For RS-422/485 signal connection to PL9 For RS-232 signal connection to PL9 Description For RS-422/485 signal connection to PL9 For RS-232 signal connection to PL9 Description For RS-422 (RX+) signal connection to PL9 For RS-232 signal connection to PL9 Description Connects RS-422 RX 120Ω line termination resistor if SBC104 is at the end of the network. RS-422 RX line termination resistor is isolated. LK18 Fit Omit + LK20 A B + LK21 A B + Description For RS-422 (RX-) signal connection to PL9 For RS-232 signal connection to PL9 Description For RS-422 Full Duplex connection For RS-485 Half Duplex connection Description For RS-422 Full Duplex connection For RS-485 Half Duplex connection LK13 SRAM page address or Disk On Chip /WE select Link LK13 connects pin 31 of socket IC1 through to either the SRAM memory page address A15 or /WE for an M-Systems Disk-On-Chip (DOC) device (also refer to links LK6 and LK14 for SRAM and Disk-On-Chip settings). LK13 A B + Description For IC1 Disk-On-Chip /WE. For IC1 SRAM page address. Page 19

20 LK14 IC1 Vcc source select Link LK14 selects either Battery backed power, or +5V as the power source for IC1 (also refer to links LK6 and LK13 for SRAM and Disk-On-Chip settings) LK14 A + B Description For SRAM device fitted in socket IC1. For DOC device fitted in socket IC1. LK15 User link The function of this Link is user defined, it has no reserved function on the SBC104. LK15 Description Fit + Port 95h bit 7 returns logic 0. Omit Port 95h bit 7 returns logic 1. LK19 Hardware Watchdog Timeout delay The hardware Watchdog Timer has two pre-configured timeout delays. Link LK19 selects either a 3 second or an 8 second timeout period. LK19 Fit + Omit Description For a 3 second timeout period. For an 8 second timeout period. LK22 Factory fitted surface mount link DO NOT CHANGE EMC Chassis Point The SBC104 has a clearly labelled EMC chassis point near the keyboard connector. This point serves as a mounting hole for the PC/104 stack through modules. It should be connected to the earth point of the enclosure. Page 20

21 Detailed hardware description The following section provides a detailed description of the functions provided by the SBC104. This information may be required during development once you have started adding extra peripherals or are starting to use some of the embedded features of the board. Processor The board supports a 25MHz AMD/Intel 80386sx as standard. The PC-AT core architecture is implemented using the Chips and Technologies 82C836 SCATsx device. The processor has a single supply rail and is powered from +5V. Memory The SBC104 supports four types of memory device, the system memory which is provided by DRAM, the BIOS EEPROM, the Flash array, and an optional socketed SRAM (battery backed) or Disk-On-Chip device. DRAM There are two DRAM variants of the board. The basic variant is fitted with a single 16Mbit 70ns device providing 2MB of DRAM, the other with two 16Mbit 70ns devices giving 4MB of DRAM. These are surface mount SOJ devices soldered to the board and cannot be upgraded. The SCATsx/PEAKsx BIOS automatically detects the amount of memory fitted to the board. BIOS EPROM A 128Kbyte +5V only flash EPROM device is used to store the BIOS code. The system BIOS is shadowed into system RAM between 0F0000H and 0FFFFFH, during power-on initialisation. Flash Memory/Silicon Disk The SBC104 board supports two flash memory configurations. The first provides 1MB of flash memory, implemented using Intel s E28F008S5 SmartFlash part. The other uses a 4MB Intel 28F320J5 StrataFlash device. The memory is accessed via a 16KB memory window at CC000-CFFFFh, as 256 pages (see I/O registers for page selection details). The Datalight FlashFX flash filing system is automatically loaded from the BIOS, to enable the flash drive to be accessed as a read/write silicon disk drive. FlashFX implements wear levelling to maximise the operational life of the silicon disk drive. The flash status LED will illuminate whenever the flash drive is accessed. For large volume sales, Arcom will factory fit the 8MB Intel 28F640J5 StrataFlash device. This device will provide 8MB of flash memory, which is accessed via a 16KB memory window at CC000-CFFFFh as 512 pages. Please contact Arcom sales for availability, as this is a non-standard variant of this product. Battery Backed SRAM The SBC104 supports a socket for a 128KB SRAM device (628128), which is battery backed. The SRAM is accessed via a 16KB window at E0000-E3FFFh, as 8 pages. The paging control and the write protection is provided by control bits in a special function register which can be programmed under software control (please refer to the special function registers section). The SRAM is write protected at power up and Page 21

22 on system reset, and can only be accessed when the write protection control bit within the SRAM memory special function register has been set. This device can be used as a high speed drive using the device driver SRAMDRIVE.SYS which can be found on the utilities disk. This allows the SRAM to be interpreted as a logical drive (e.g D:). The SRAM device driver is used by including the line DEVICE = C:\SRAMDISK.SYS SBC104 in the CONFIG.SYS file. Battery backup for the SRAM is provided by either the on-board 3.6volt 11mAh NiMH battery, or an external power source connected to the 6-way power header PL5. For large volume sales, Arcom will factory fit a TSOP surface mount 128KB SRAM device. This device will provide 128KB of battery backed SRAM memory, which is accessed via a 16KB memory window at E0000-EFFFFh as 8 pages. This allows a Disk-On-Chip module to be fitted in socket IC1. Please contact Arcom sales for availability, as this is a non-standard variant of this product. Disk-On-Chip support The SRAM socket has link options to allow the use of M-Systems Disk-On-Chip devices (e.g DOC2000 or DOCMillennium). Please refer to the Links and options section for configuration details. This memory is self-installing, and has it s own flash filing system. Therefore it will be interpreted as the next logical drive in the system (e.g D:). For more information about available memory capacities, using the Disk-On- Chip modules, and utilities, please refer to the M-Systems web site at Memory Map When adding boards or software memory managers it is important that they are configured so that they do not contend or interfere with the on-board memory devices. The following table shows the memory map for the SBC104. Address Block Description Size h 4FFFFFh 2MB Optional extra 2MB DRAM accessed as extended or EMS Memory h 2FFFFFh 2MB 2MB DRAM accessed as extended or EMS Memory 0F0000h 0FFFFFh 64K System BIOS 0E4000h 0EFFFFh 48K System BIOS Extensions (FlashFX and Millennium check) 0E0000h 0E3FFFh 16K SRAM Memory Window to 128K SRAM (using SRAMDISK.SYS) 0D0000h 0DFFFFh 64K PC/104 Memory Window 0CC000h 0CFFFFh 16K Flash Memory Window 0C0000h 0CBFFFh 48K VGA BIOS (if fitted) 0A0000h 0BFFFFh 64K VGA Memory (if fitted) or Shadow RAM h 09FFFFh 640K Conventional System DRAM User Link The status of the user link LK15 can be obtained by reading the I/O port 95h. If the link is fitted then bit 7 will read as a zero. If the link is omitted then bit 7 will read as a one. All other bits will be zero. This link does not have any defined function on the board and therefore can be used to select options in the users application program. Page 22

23 Watchdog Timer The Watchdog Timer is inactive after system reset. The hardware Watchdog circuit is triggered by performing a write I/O access to the Watchdog Timer special function register (write any value to I/O port 93h). This action must be repeated within the watchdog time-out period (3 seconds or 8 seconds depending on link setting LK19) to avoid generating a NMI to the CPU, or a system reset if link LK5 is fitted. An NMI will have no effect on the normal operation of the SBC104. The user must include a suitable interrupt service routine in their application software. Floppy Disk Controller The µpd72065b compatible floppy disk drive interface, provided by the 82C721 Universal Peripheral Controller (UPC), is designed to support up to two standard floppy disk drives. Connections are made via a 34-way 0.1" boxed header PL4 (See Appendix A for pin assignment details). All standard capacities including 360KB, 720KB, 1.2MB and 1.44MB are supported. The BIOS must be configured appropriately for the desired format using the set-up program. The default BIOS configuration is for one 1.44MB floppy drive, connected as drive A:. The floppy disk drive cable should have three connectors, two which are connected directly 1:1 and one which has pins twisted. For connection of standard PC compatible floppy drives, where both drives are configured to use Drive Select 1 (DS1), DRIVE A: should be connected via the twisted part of the cable and DRIVE B: via the straight section of cable. The SBC104 can also be set up for the connection of drives which are configured to use Drive Select 0 (DSO). This allows connection of DRIVE A: via a straight cable and DRIVE B: via a cable with a twisted section as described above. Please refer to the link configuration section of this manual, for details on link settings for links LK7 and LK8. This connection does not provide power and therefore a separate cable from the main supply should be used. The floppy disk interface is decoded in I/O address space at 3F0-3F7H and uses IRQ6 and DMA channel 0. IDE Interface The SBC104 has a single Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) interface, provided by the 82C721 Universal Peripheral Controller (UPC), which supports up to two hard disk drives. Drives are connected via a 1:1 40-way ribbon cable using PL3 (See Appendix A for pin assignment details). One drive must be configured as a 'MASTER' and the other drive as a 'SLAVE'. An IDE compatible CD-ROM drive can also be used and should be configured as the 'SLAVE' device. The default BIOS set-up is for NO hard disk drives connected, and the BIOS does NOT provide automatic detection and controller configuration of devices connected to this interface. Please refer to the section entitled Using the BIOS system SETUP utility for a more detailed description of configuring the system with SETUP. The Page 23

24 BIOS can be configured to make either the hard disk drive or the floppy disk drive the default boot device. The IDE interface is decoded in I/O address space at 1F0-1F7H and uses IRQ14. Note: If a hard disk drive is attached to this interface the default configuration will cause the drive to be used as the standard boot device and the flash disk if present will become the next available drive. Keyboard Controller The 82C42 keyboard controller provides support for a standard PC/AT keyboard. This interface uses a 6-pin mini-din style connector, SK3. The keyboard controller is decoded at I/O address location 60-64H and uses IRQ1. Power for the keyboard is sourced from the +5V supply. The Chips & Technologies BIOS will automatically detect the presence of the keyboard and provide support. If this device is not plugged in the BIOS will continue to operate correctly. Serial Ports There are two high-speed serial UART's integrated into the 82C721 UPC on the SBC104, providing communication channels COM1 and COM2. The serial ports provide support for various baud rates up to a maximum of 115Kbaud. Both channels are fully software compatible with the and can be used as standard RS-232 serial interfaces. The COM2 channel may also be configured for the full-duplex RS- 422 and half-duplex RS-485 communication standards The table below shows the possible configurations for each channel. Port I/O Address SBC104 IRQ Standards Connector COM1 3F8-3FFH IRQ4 RS232 PL8 COM2 2F8-2FFH IRQ3 RS232/422/485 PL9 COM2 Interface standards The COM2 serial interface can be used to support RS-232, RS-422 or RS-485 interfaces. The default link configuration has been selected to enable COM2 for RS- 232 communications. All signals are routed to the 9-way D-Type connector PL9 (See Appendix A for pin assignment details). The Receive and the Transmit line pairs have 1K pull-apart resistors connected, and optional 120 Ohm line termination resistors. RS-422 The RS-422 interface provides full duplex communication. The signals available are TXA, TXB, RXA, RXB and Ground. The maximum cable length for an RS-422 system is 1200m (4000ft) and supports 1 driver and up to 10 receivers. To enable RS-422 operation links LK9 LK11 LK12 LK16 and LK18 should be fitted, and links LK20 and LK21 should be in position A. The RTS line of COM2 should be set to a logic '0'. Links LK10 and LK17 should be made (to connect the line termination resistors) if the board is at either end of the network. Page 24

25 RS-485 RS-485 is a half-duplex interface that provides combined TX and RX signals. PL9 pin 3 provides TX+/RX+ and pin 8 provides TX-/RX-. A ground connection (Pin 5) is also required for this interface. The maximum cable length for RS-485 is the same as RS- 422 (4000ft), but RS-485 supports up to 32 transmitters and receivers on a single network. Only one transmitter should be switched on at a time. The SBC104 uses the RTS signal to control transmission. When this signal is at logic '1', the driver is switched off and data can be received from other devices. When the RTS line is at logic '0', the driver is enabled. Any data that is transmitted from the SBC104 will be automatically echoed back to the receiver. This enables the serial communications software to detect that all data has been sent and disable the driver when required. Links LK9 LK11 and LK12 should fitted, and links LK21 and LK21 should be in position B to enable the RS-485 standard. Link LK10 should be made (to connect the line termination resistor) if the SBC104 is at either end of the network. 56 3RLQWSRLQW 56 0XOWLGURS 56 1XPEHU RI :LUHV 7UDQVPLWWHUV (QDEOHG 5HFHLYHUV (QDEOHG 'XSOH[ 0RGH DOZD\V DOZD\V IXOO 1XPEHU RI :LUHV 1XPEHU RI :LUHV 7UDQVPLWWHUV (QDEOHG DFWLYH 576 7UDQVPLWWHUV (QDEOHG DFWLYH 576 5HFHLYHUV (QDEOHG 'XSOH[ 0RGH DOZD\V IXOO 5HFHLYHUV (QDEOHG 'XSOH[ 0RGH LQDFWLYH 576 KDOI Page 25

26 Parallel Port The SBC104 parallel port is fully IBM PC-XT/AT compatible and provides Standard Parallel Port (SPP) and Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) support through the 82C721 UPC. EPP is a bi-directional mode. The parallel port can be used to connect an external printer, tape drive, disk drive, scanner etc. The interface has built in protection circuitry to protect against powered devices being connected when the main supply is removed and damaging the device. Each data and control signal is buffered to sink 24mA maximum. The parallel port connector PL10 is a 26-way 0.1" boxed header. The pin assignment of this connector has been designed to provide 1:1 connection to an IDC 25-way D- Type socket (see Appendix A for details). This socket is compatible with a standard PC parallel port connector. The parallel port is decoded at I/O address location FH (LTP1) and uses IRQ7. Real Time Clock The SBC104 uses the Real Time Clock internal to the 82C836 SCATsx device. It is fully compatible with the MC standard clock device used in PC/AT systems. The date and time functions are stored in the real time clock when the main power is removed if the battery backup supply is enabled (See link LK3 description). The Real Time Clock is decoded in I/O address space at 70-71H, and its registers are accessed via an indexed addressing mechanism. I/O location 70h is used to select the appropriate register and location 71H is used to access the data. The Real Time Clock and CMOS settings, are maintained by the battery backup circuit when the main power input is disconnected. A rechargeable NiMH cell provides the battery backup supply and has a capacity of 11 mah. This battery will provide sufficient support for at least 6 years. The battery is disabled during shipment to prolong its useful life. If the board is going to be placed out of service for long periods of time then the battery should also be disabled. The accuracy of the Real Time Clock is based on the operation of the KHz watch crystal. This will provide an accuracy of +/- 1 minute per month if the board is in an ambient environment of +25 C. When the board is operated outside this temperature the accuracy may be degraded. Page 26

27 I/O Map The PC/AT I/O address map is limited to 1K addresses. This is because only the lower ten address lines were originally used to decode I/O devices. The remaining lines were treated as undefined. Therefore the usable address range is 0-3FFH. Above this range, devices are mirrored throughout the entire 64K I/O address range of the processor. The following table shows the I/O address mapping for the SBC104. If expansion boards are added via the PC/104 interface you should ensure that they are configured to be at a free address location, otherwise they will not function correctly and may even cause the SBC104 board to stop operating. It is recommended that I/O addresses in the range 100H to 1EFH are used. Device I/O Location (Hex) COM1 Port 82C721 3F8-3FF Floppy Disk Port 82C721 3F0-3F7 Reserved I/O space 3E0-3E7 Video Controller (CGA adapter) if fitted 3D0-3DF Video Controller (EGA adapter) if fitted 3C0-3CF Video Controller (MONO adapter) if fitted 3B0-3DF Reserved I/O space 3A0-3AF Reserved I/O space F Parallel Port 82C F Reserved I/O space F COM2 Port 82C721 2F8-2FF Flash page/enable registers Reserved I/O space F EMS page register 82C A Reserved I/O space Reserved I/O space F IDE controller 82C721 1F0-1F7 Available for PC/ EF Reserved I/O space 0E0-0EF DMA Controller 82C836 0C0-0DF Slave Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC 2) 82C836 0A0-0A1 User Link register (Read only) 095 SRAM page/enable register 094 Watchdog trigger register (Write only) 093 System Control Port, Alternate GATE A20/ RESET 82C836/82C DMA Page Registers 82C F Real Time Clock 82C Keyboard Controller 82C Programmable Interval Timer (PIT) - 82C Internal Configuration Registers (ICR) 82C Master Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC 1) 82C Slave DMA (DMA1) 82C F Page 27