Learning Objectives 1/21/2016. Understanding and Influencing the Standards and Codes Compliance Environment

Transcription

1 Understanding and Influencing the Standards and Codes Compliance Environment Brooks Baker III Chair, APPA Standards and Codes Council John Bernhards Associate Vice President APPA Leadership in Educational Facilities Learning Objectives Upon completion of this session, you will be able to: Recognize the key standards and codes (e.g., NFPA, ASHRAE standards, etc.) currently impacting the educational facilities environment. Explain processes used by standards bodies to create standards and codes. Understand the distinctions between codes, standards, and de facto standards Learn how YOU and your institution can influence change to proposed and existing standards and codes. What is a Standard? A document that provides requirements, specifications, guidelines or characteristics that can be used consistently to ensure that materials, products, processes and services are fit for their purpose. Written by public or private groups to define a specific area or issue and offered to be adopted or referenced by others. Standards can be written to establish a minimum quality level. Standards can remove trade barriers, support free trade practices. Manufacturing standards can reduce cost. Standards can also be written to promote the commercial interests of product manufacturers and service providers. 1

2 What is a Regulation? Regulations are written by public agencies or legislative bodies to define requirements that must be met regarding a specific area or issue and are enforceable by law. Standards may serve as the reference or requirement within a regulation or code. What Codes Are Out There? We operate in an increasingly complex myriad of codes, mandates, regulations, and industry standards. Standards impact nearly every facet of not only the design and construction process, but also operations and maintenance activities. There are several hundred standards and codes writing bodies, both private and public, that write and update thousands of individual documents every year. High Impact Standards and Codes for Educational Facilities National Fire Protection Association 2

3 Tivoli Fire Near University of Central Florida Distinctions between NFPA 13 and NFPA 13R: NFPA 13R allows for elimination of sprinkler protection in attics, closets, porches, balconies, and certain bathrooms. areas where fatal fires are less likely to originate. NFPA 13R allows for a smaller water discharge density from the sprinkler system, leading to smaller pipe sizes. NFPA 13R allows a common domestic/fire main water supply source to be used under certain conditions. High Impact Standards and Codes International Code Council (ICC) IBC (International Building Code) IMC (International Mechanical Code) IPC (International Plumbing Code) IECC (International Energy Conservation Code) High Impact Standards and Codes American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low Rise Residential Buildings (2013) ASHRAE 90.2 Energy Efficient Design of Low Rise Residential Buildings (2007) ASHRAE Standards for the Design of High Performance Green Buildings Except Low Rise Residential Buildings (2014) ASHRAE Design Construction and Operation of Sustainable High Performance Health Care Facilities 3

4 Is a Code, Standard, or Regulation STATIC Once It s Adopted? Is a Code, Standard, or Regulation Static Once It s Adopted? The Answer Is No. Jurisdictions adopt a particular edition or year model code. Why Does This Occur? NFPA and ICC update their codes on a 2 to 3 year cycle. The individual jurisdictions must then decide to adopt all, some, or none of the updated edition of the code and set a date to become effective. Likewise, standards setting organizations and regulatory bodies will revise and update their standards on a regular basis. WHAT EDITION?? 4

5 What is a De Facto Standard? A de facto standard is a custom, convention, product, or system that has achieved a dominant position by public acceptance or market forces (such as early entrance to the market). QWERTY ASCII MP3 HTML VHS vs. Betamax Blu ray vs. HD DVD Android vs. OS? What s a Model Code? NFPA, ASHRAE, and ICC use an open, public process to write and adopt generic code language. The completed standards and codes are then made available for individual jurisdictions to adopt into law. Each adopting jurisdiction then stipulates its own procedural and enforcement rules. It may modify any provisions in the model code as it sees fit. Typically enforcement is accomplished at the local level (except for State and Federal property) and the local enforcer has the option to modify the model code only for purposes of making it more strict. Example of Diversity of Adopted Building Codes by State and Province (Jan 2016) Maine IBC 2009 Florida IBC 2012 New York IBC 2006 Maryland IBC 2015 California IBC 2012 Hawaii IBC 2006 Ontario NBC 2010 Manitoba NBC

6 Why Do Codes Change Every Few Years? Reasons vary. It often comes down to a belief by the authoring body that the change improves health and safety of occupants, streamlines the design, construction, or enforcement of health and safety features, or in the case of energy codes, saves energy. Many changes are brought forth by safety professionals seeking to raise building safety or plug safety loopholes. Still other changes are brought forth by special interests ostensibly for the same purpose, but which will also provide a financial benefit to the special interest if adopted. How are codes modified? Most standards bodies and codes setting organizations follow a similar path: Proposal Stage Proposals for change are called for and received Proposals are reviewed by a Committee for acceptance, and a first draft of the proposed accepted changes is published. Public Comment Stage Comments from interested parties and the public are received. Committee reviews comments and prepares second draft of proposed changes if necessary. Committee votes to adopt final changes. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Membership Organization of Standards Stakeholders, Accredited Standards Developers Maintains US voluntary standards setting practices Accredits US Standards Development Organizations (allowing for the creation of American National Standards). US Representative to: International Standardization Organization (ISO) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 6

7 Members: 163 national standards bodies Technical Bodies: 3,335 (inc. 224 TCs) Standards: 19,023 Work in Progress: 1,419 new projects Work Items: 4, ISO TC/267 FM Standards Late 2011: ISO Technical Management Board (TMB) established a new Technical Committee (ISO/TC 267 Facilities management) 21 7

8 ISO TC/267 Participating Countries Australia (SA) Austria (ASI) Canada (SCC) China (SAC) Czech Republic (UNMZ) Denmark (DS) Finland (SFS) France (AFNOR) Germany (DIN) Hungary (MSZT) India (BIS) Japan (JISC) Korea (KATS) Malaysia (DSM) Norway (SN) Spain (AENOR) Thailand (TISI) United Kingdom (BSI) Secretariat USA (ANSI) 22 Initial Work Proposals for ISO TC/267 First Standards Activities Now In Draft, Awaiting Approval: Facility Management Part 1: Terms and Definitions Scope of the proposed deliverable This standard gives relevant terms and definitions in the area of Facility Management (FM). It also provides insight into the scope of FM Facilities Management Part 2: Guidance on strategic sourcing and the development of agreements Scope of the proposed deliverable would define how facilities management providers/vendors deliver FM services to the building owner/management company. New Work Item for ISO TC/267 ISO 41000: Facility Management Systems Standard To provide the specific requirements for individual organizations establishing and managing an integrated management system standard for the practice of Facilities Management. 8

9 How to Keep up with this ever changing picture? The APPA Standards and Codes Council Established in July 2012 by APPA. Initially organized as the Codes Advocacy Task force (CATF). Now serves as a permanent Council, reporting to the APPA Board of Directors. The Council Mission Promote codes and standards awareness among member institutions. Determine impacts of existing codes and proposed standards. Influence codes and standards development and outcomes. Display APPA s Leadership in standards and codes, seek pragmatic solutions. Identify broad consensus among APPA members on standards and codes issues, seek appropriate representation within standards bodies. 9

10 APPA Standards and Codes Council Members Chair: Brooks Baker, III APPA Past President and Former AVP for Facilities, University of Alabama Birmingham Richard J. Davis The Evergreen State College David Handwork Arkansas State University Clint Lord Arizona State University Dana Peterson University of New Hampshire Alan Sactor Univ. of Maryland, College Park Theodore Weidner Purdue University Staff Liaisons: Sam Waymire ASCC Administrator John Bernhards Associate Vice President, APPA Council Working Groups Scope of work approved by the Council. Propose draft contributions for consideration and/or adoption in proposed and existing standards. May create and publish APPA Standards, technical reports, requirements and best practices germane to the needs of the education sector. Operating Procedures The Council has established ANSI and non ANSI procedures to operate its established Work Groups. APPA is an ANSI Accredited Standards Developer. 10

11 Recent Council Initiatives APPA I codes Work Group is tracking activities and submitting comments related to the B Group ICC Codes. ISO TC/267 FM Standards APPA maintains a seat on the ANSI US Technical Advisory Group to ISO TC/267. Facilities Informatics Work Group Establishing standards for the application of Informatics to Educational Facilities NFPA Work Group Tracking and representing the needs of the education facilities sector to NFPA. Participation in NFPA Workshops Among the Many Issues At Hand Do We: Modify Existing Fire and Building Codes? Include security design requirements? Balance egress with security/different door locking solutions? Require mass notification? Require comprehensive emergency plans of every school? Allow delayed evacuations? Create Guidelines, Definitions, Requirements for Lockdown Procedures? Require use of continually changing technologies to support first responders? Require Emergency Training/Exercises for School Leadership, and in Student Teacher Curriculum (institutionalized Culture of Safety)? 11

12 APPA/ANSI Total Cost of Ownership Standards Initiative To develop and publish American National Standards (ANSI Standards) supporting Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) principles for facilities and infrastructure, and for Facilities Management, as applicable to the education sector and as they relate to the following four core competencies as identified by the education sector: 1. General Administration & Management 2. Maintenance & Operations 3. Energy & Utilities 4. Planning, Design & Construction Rationale Support the ability of higher education to construct, operate and maintain sustainable buildings and infrastructure in a multi building campus environment Provide terms and definitions for the educational facilities professional and system Enhance and further improve upon the learning and campus living environment Define educational facilities performance evaluation and related metrics. Support facilities business practices and models, for purposes of managing the cost of education delivery. Questions/Key Elements What are the key codes of most concern to facilities managers? What codes and standards should the APPA Council monitor? Do you have a system in place that advises you on changes to the codes? What can we do to help one another? 12

13 Questions/Answers/Discussion Understanding and Influencing the Standards and Codes Compliance Environment Brooks Baker III Chair, APPA Standards and Codes Council University of New Hampshire John Bernhards Associate Vice President APPA Leadership in Educational Facilities 13