Are Intelligent Buildings Green Buildings? National Green Building Conference & Exposition Ottawa Congress Centre April 11, 2006

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1 Are Intelligent Buildings Green Buildings? National Green Building Conference & Exposition Ottawa Congress Centre April 11, 2006 David Katz, M.B.A., Sustainable Resources Management Working on CABA Project Building Intelligence Quotient 1

2 Definition IBT (Intelligent Buildings Technologies) are the enabling technologies to provide an Intelligent Building which is... A building and its infrastructure which provides the owner, operator and occupant with an environment which is flexible, effective, comfortable and secure through the use of integrated technological building systems, communications and controls. 2

3 An Intelligent Building? TELECOMMUNICATIONS OFFICE AUTOMATION Integrated Systems Using Structured Cabling BUILDING MANAGEMENT 3

4 Green Buildings should be Intelligent 4

5 Discussion Common Themes Integrated Design Process LEED & Green Globe Life Cycle Costs and Sustainability Energy Efficiency - CBIP Energy Star Distributed & Renewable Energy SOC Indoor Air Quality ASHRE Monitoring and Verification IPMVP - BIQ 5

6 CABA Initiatives for Integrated Design The same drivers for early recognition of CBIP and Energy Star targets t and ASHRE standards apply to Building Automation Systems. CABA promotes the need for designers to recognize the benefits resulting r from the lower Life Cycle Costs of Intelligent and Integrated Buildings. Intelligent Building Summit on April 25-26, 26, Toronto Ontario, RSMeans developing the On Line Tool Life Cycle Costs of Integrated - Open Standards Based Buildings compared to traditional stand-alone, alone, closed system buildings. The Building Intelligence Quotient will rate the Intelligence complimenting the Energy Star and Green building rating systems. 6

7 Green Building Economics Green Building programs generally define life cycle costs as the sum of present values of investment costs, capital costs, installation costs, energy costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and disposal costs over the life-time of the project. 7

8 Intelligent Building Economics Also seeking lower life cycle costing "the bottom line is the bottom line". 8

9 Why we build DUMB Buildings! The perception that integrated systems are more expensive to build is a big hurdle. Smart buildings are generally more expensive to build than conventionally designed buildings. However, the added value of smart building infrastructure results in much lower life-cycle costs ". Design Brief for Smart Buildings,, sponsored in part by BOMA, (data from the 1990s). 9

10 Energy Efficiency In addition to the Building Envelope Weather impacts the energy usage. Equipment impacts the energy usage. People impact energy usage. 10

11 Intelligent Building Technology Outdoor sensors establish the HVAC load and optimized response. Variable speed drives adjust to the changing load conditions. Occupancy sensors establish the required HVAC settings. 11

12 Trends and Initiatives Need to bring all the information together for the energy systems to operate efficiently. The Building Controls industry has made great strides in the creation of communications standards. Both BACnet and LonTalk are now viable, commercially accepted solutions that provide owners with open communications. 12

13 Trends and Initiatives BACnet has worldwide support and is maintained by a professional society under rules that provide open access and cannot be dominated by companies with particular commercial interests. LonTalk certification program is growing rapidly for devices that contain a defined interface. Both software and hardware are the end-certified products. LonMark Partner and Sponsor Members can have products certified. 13

14 Trends and Initiatives The ever lowering cost of Ethernet / TCP/IP / XML communications is finding its way into our industry. XML: The mission of the CABA Open Building Information Xchange (obix) is to work cooperatively in an open environment to create a non-binding guideline for the use of Internet communications standards such as XML and Web Services for use in broad facility management. 14

15 Facility Integration Life Cycle Costs First Cost Changes, Additions & Upgrades Operating & Maintenance Utility Costs 15

16 Typical Building Approach to Automation Emergency Generator No Integration! 5 User Interface Workstations! Main Service Switchgear Computer Room A/C UPS Fire Management System Door Access Control & Intrusion Detection Lighting Control System HVAC Control System 16

17 Non-Integrated Building Engineering Left up to Contractors Sole Sourcing Required to Provide Integration - $$$$ Stand Alone Systems - Single Purpose Nobody Responsible for Technology Integration 17

18 Partial Integration Concept Client Proprietary Control Sub-systems FMS Workstation Database Server Modbus Web Server Main Service Switchgear SNMP over IP Facility IP Network Security Console Emergency Generator Computer Room A/C Web Server Web Server Web Server Web Server UPS Fire Management System Door Access Control & Intrusion Detection Lighting Control System HVAC Control System 18

19 Partial Integration Issues Software Integration on IP networks Use Web Enabled - FMS Application Program Methodology Employed for Existing Buildings Hardware Intensive - Many I/O Servers 19

20 BENEFITS Partial Integration Single User Interface for all Systems Web based GUI - Defacto Standard Permits Migration to Open Control Networks - Competitive Bids! Permits Development of Campus Wide Relational Database Database Permits - Maintenance Management, Energy Management, Asset Management, etc. 20

21 Full Integration Concept Open Standards Based Control Sub-systems Client FMS Workstation Database Server Modbus Web Server Main Service Switchgear Facility IP Network SNMP over IP Security Console Emergency Generator Computer Room A/C Web Server Web Server LONTALK - EIA & BACNET ANSI/ASHRAE 135A UPS Fire Management System Door Access Control, Intrusion Detection, Lighting & HVAC Control System 21

22 Full Integration Issues Open Standards Applied Where Possible I/O Servers Minimized Number of Devices Reduced - Shared Information 22

23 BENEFITS Full Integration Same as Partial Integration Approach PLUS Competitive Bids in each Building Integrated Building Sub-systems Lighting, HVAC, Power Management and Security Lowest Life Cycle Cost Approach 23

24 Distributed and Renewable Energy Options Daylight Harvesting using Controls Solar options Thermal, PV, Wind On site generation CHP, Standby Green Energy Procurement Options 24

25 Typical Energy Use Profile Power 25% Ave Annual Energy Use $0.33 / SF / YR $50,000 / YR Other (Elevators, etc.) 5% Ave Annual Energy Use $0.07 / SF / YR $10,000 / YR Lighting HVAC Power Other TOTAL $1.33 / SF / YR $200,000 / YR HVAC 30% Ave Annual Energy Use $0.4 / SF / YR $60,000 / YR Lighting 40% Ave Annual Energy Use $0.53 / SF / YR $80000 / YR

26 Energy Costs (Potential Annual Cost Savings) System Component Savings Factor Energy Cost ($) Non- Integrated Building Partial Integration Full Integration Integrated Lighting & HVAC Control 5% $60, $3,000 Improved Load Factor (.5 to.55) 5% $200,000 0 $10,000 $10,000 Better Maintained Equipment 1% $60,000 0 $600 $600 Coordinated Supply/Demand EMS Strategies 5% $200,000 0 $10,000 $10,000 Integrated Building Control System Savings $0 $20,600 $23,600

27 Conclusion: Intelligent and Integrated Buildings will Result in the Lowest Net Present Value The Value of the Integrated Approach will Increase w/ IT Advances Information will be a key factor in the sustainability of Green Buildings 27

28 Intelligent Building Rating System Chair: Tom Lohner TENG Solutions -an evaluation and assessment protocol and a guide for integrated intelligent building technologies. The aim is to increase market penetrability of intelligent building technology with building owners and designers and the real estate industry by demonstrating value and providing guidance. - Building Intelligence Quotient (BIQ) 28

29 Intelligent Building Rating System BIQ Development Steps : Established Need and CABA Task Force RealComm 2003 and Appraisal Institute Developed Initial Rating Issues BuilConn2004 BIQ Consortium to use Green Globe Engine BIQC User Pay confirmed at RealComm 2005 BIQ Project presented at AHR Chicago BIQ Questionnaire for Commercial Buildings completed and under review. 29

30 Intelligent Building Rating System BIQ Next Steps BIQ Next Steps : Obtain Feedback From Technical Review Team Develop Links and Rating Components Develop Web Tool and Rating Engine Sell BIQ Use and License Obtain Funding for Support and New Content Establish Users Groups and Certification Process Pre-qualify BIQ Professionals 30

31 BIQ - an online tool Rating and Certification (demonstrates the added value) + Design and Implementation Guidance (demystifies implementation) 31

32 Contact Information Building Intelligence Quotient Consortium David Katz - Project Manager Tel: info@buildingintelligencequotient.com Learn more about the CABA and the BIQC 32