The CAIDA bandwidth estimation testbed
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1 The CAIDA bandwidth estimation testbed Margaret Murray CAIDA/SDSC/UCSD 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 1
2 Acknowledgements Nevil Brownlee: NeTraMet config Johnny Chang: data collection Tony Lee, Tuan Le: autotest.pl, autoplot.pl Jiri Navratil, Ravi Prasad, Vinay Ribeiro: remote testbed users Grant Duvall, Nate Mendoza: router config Kevin Walsh: CalNGI, NPRL access Spirent SmartBits 6000 with SmartFlow software Foundry Big Iron router Cisco: GSR12008 router Juniper: M20 router Endace: gige DAG card for passive monitoring with NeTraMet Department of Energy SciDAC grant DE-FC02-01ER Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 2
3 The e2e tool grail... Users want to push a button to: select the best available e2e path optimize application utilization of bandwidth Sponsors expect growth in usage and need for better sharing/planning...yet many existing high-speed backbones appear to be lightly loaded, and many applications can not take advantage of fatter pipes... 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 3
4 Current e2e Tools Tool Class Tool Authors Methodology Tool Authors Methodology Per-hop Capacity clink pchar Downey Mah VPS VPS pathchar Jacobson VPS End-to-End Capacity bprobe Carte pkt pair pathrate Dovrolis-Prasad pkt pairs,train nettimer Lai pkt pairs sprobe Saroiu pkt pairs End-to-End Available Bandwidth ABw cprobe IGI Navratil Carter Hu unknown pkt trains SLoPs netest pathload Jin Jain-Dovrolis unknown SLoPS Bulk Transfer Capacity cap treno Allman Mathis emulate TCP tput std TCP tput Achievable TCP Throughput iperf Netperf NLANR NLANR TCP connect TCP connect ttcp Muuss TCP connect 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 4
5 Why is it so hard to measure e2e performance? Are apps tuned for high-speed paths? Router slow paths, load balancing MTU mismatch NIC interrupt coalescence Host OS variations Router OS variations the list goes on... 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 5
6 Why use a bwest testbed? Use reproducible test conditions Test against saturated links Test black box e2e tools against same scenarios Identify conditions where tools work well Give developers an environment for refining their tools 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 6
7 Why use CAIDA/SDSC testbed? Take advantage of CAIDA and CalNGI vendor contacts and equipment Integrate with CAIDA passive monitoring technology (NeTraMet, CoralReef) Possibilities in the future: connect testbed to specific networks (via SDSC) 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 7
8 regen tap end host OC48/gigE 4hop configuration passive monitor end host Foundry router Juniper M20 router Cisco router SmartBits traffic gen 9 Dec 2003 outer loop two loops e2e path gige link OC48 link BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 8
9 Working with Traffic (real vs. generated) Real Traffic Pro: no question of validity Con: hard to find, store and use traces of interest Generated (Simulated) Traffic Pro: easily reproducible scenarios Con: how realistic is traffic? 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 9
10 Comparison of Packet IATs (CCDF: 1min. samples,% vs. IAT usec) Red = BB OC48 (Left: 246M, 9% ) (Right:686M, 27%) Blue = UCSD gige (Left: 40M, 4% ) (Right:240M, 24%) Pink = bwest lab (Left: 593M,59%) (Right:589M, 59%) 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 10
11 Comparison of Pkt Sizes ( CCDF:1 min samples,% vs. PktSize b ) Red = BB OC48 (Left: 246M, 9% ) (Right:686M, 27%) Blue = UCSD gige (Left: 40M, 4% ) (Right:240M, 24%) Pink = bwest lab (Left: 593M,59%) (Right:589M, 59%) 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 11
12 Cross-traffic Tool developers told us that generated traffic needs enough packet dispersion to allow dynamics to manifest: We do that. SmartFlow traffic has appropriate protocol headers, but does NOT emulate TCP congestion control. While most current networks do not implement jumbo MTUs, they will, and we can generate them. 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 12
13 100M 3hop test 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 13
14 100M 3hop test surprise! 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 14
15 Hypothesis: router queue depth affects e2e tools Juniper M20 9M...we plan to run single router tests to further investigate why Foundry Big Iron 1M 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 15
16 OC48/gigE 4hop to direction Three tools give decreasing measurements as cross-traffic increases. netest pathchirp pathload Note: pathchirp and pathload return multiple results 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 16
17 OC48/gigE 4hop from direction Different results in opposite direction for netest pathchirp Hypothesis: due to shallower router queues Note multiple results for pathchirp and pathload 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 17
18 gige/oc48: 4hop test again only pathload returns similar results in both directions Juniper M20 9M Foundry BigIron...we plan to run single router tests to further investigate this phenomenon. 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 18-1M
19 gige/oc48: 4hop test...more investigation needed to understand tool behavior Juniper M20 9M Foundry Big Iron 1M 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 19
20 regen tap end host OC48/gigE 4hop configuration passive monitor end host Foundry router Juniper M20 router Cisco router SmartBits traffic gen 9 Dec 2003 outer loop two loops e2e path gige link OC48 link BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 20
21 Remote Access to Testbed ssh wednesday.sdsc.edu, then ssh gomez ssh fester VNC control of SmartFlow several config files available, or create your own /usr/local/bwest/ autotest.pl can run and time one or all tools autoplot.pl can plot IAT and Packet Size distribution 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 21
22 How can the CAIDA bwest testbed address e2e problems? generate traffic; saturate high-speed paths experiment with different MTU settings evaluate different NICs try different end host OS configs evaluate impact of different routers isolate router slow paths, load balancing the list goes on... 9 Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 22
23 For more information... Contact Marg Scheduling first come, first served, or??? Support DOE grant ends Aug Dec 2003 BEst ISMA CAIDA/SDSC 23
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