Programming in the Real World

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Programming in the Real World"

Regina Dawson
5 years ago
Views:

1 Programming in the Real World

2 Ceçi n'est pas une Java import acm.program.*; public class MyProgram extends ConsoleProgram { public void run() { println("hello, world!"); } }

3 The ACM Libraries Throughout th class we've been using the ACM libraries. acm.program.* ConsoleProgram, GraphicsProgram, etc. acm.graphics.* GOval, GRect, etc. acm.util.* RandomGenerator ErrorException

4 The ACM Libraries The ACM libraries ext to simplify many common Java techniques. However, the ACM libraries aren't widely used outside of CS106A. Good news: The topics from the latter half of the quarter (file reading, arrays, ArrayLt, HashMap, interactors, etc.) use only standard Java. We do need to cover a few last-minute details of the Java language.

5 Hello, World Without the ACM

6 Starting up the Program In standard Java, program execution begins inside a method called public static void main(string[] args) The ACM libraries contain th method in the Program class. When you're not using the ACM libraries, you will have to implement th method yourself.

7 Starting up the Program In standard Java, program execution begins inside a method called public static void main(string[] args) The ACM libraries contain th method in the Program class. When you're not using the ACM libraries, you will have to implement th method yourself.

8 What About Windows?

9 Steps to Create a Window Create a new JFrame, which actually represents the window object. Add any components or interactors to the frame as you normally would. Set the size of the window by calling frame.setsize(width, height) Tell Java to quit when we close the program by calling frame.setdefaultcloseoperation(jframe.exit_on_close) Show the window by calling frame.setvible(true)

10 What about Graphics? You can create components that can dplay graphics by extending JComponent and writing public void paintcomponent(graphics g) You can then call methods to draw on the window when the window resized or moved. Note: not object-oriented.

11 static Methods A static method a method that's specific to a class, rather than instances of that class. Examples: Character.Letter RandomGenerator.getInstance Because the method specific to the class rather than any instance, there no receiver object.

12 public static void main Because main static, there no instance of your class that it operates relative to. Common technique: Have main create an instance of the class and work from there. Th done automatically by the ACM libraries.

13 How are you supposed to remember all these methods?

15 Going Beyond Java

16 Why Java? In CS106A, we've used the Java programming language for many reasons: Programmer-friendliness: most common mtakes cause exceptions, which give lots of info about the bug. Htorical reasons: Java was developed by Sun Microsystems, which was started here at Stanford. Library support: The ACM libraries make it easy to do write impressive programs quickly.

17 Other Programming Languages Java a very popular programming language, but it not the only language. Different languages are suited to different tasks and each have their tradeoffs. You are not handicapped by not seeing these other languages. The fundamentals of programming (variables, methods, etc.) are the same in most programming languages, though you will have to learn some new syntax.

18 Learning New Languages If you are interested in / have to learn a new programming language, how best to get started? In all seriousness, Google a great resource for getting started with a language. Coursera / Udacity / EdX offer some classes on particular programming techniques and languages.

19 Building a Website

20 Modern Website Design What goes in to designing a modern website like Facebook, Google, Amazon, etc.? What technologies and skills are required?

22 The The page page content content and and basic basic layout layout specified specified using using HTML. HTML. You You can can learn learn HTML HTML in in a a weekend. weekend.

23 The The page page content content and and basic basic layout layout specified specified using using HTML. HTML. You You can can learn learn HTML HTML in in a a weekend. weekend. The The fonts, fonts, colors, colors, and and positioning positioning specified specified using using CSS. CSS. You You can can learn learn the the basics basics of of CSS CSS in in a a weekend. weekend.

24 Interactive Interactive content content powered powered by by JavaScript, JavaScript, an an in-browser in-browser programming programming language. language. (Not (Not related related to to Java, Java, sorry.) sorry.) The The page page content content and and basic basic layout layout specified specified using using HTML. HTML. You You can can learn learn HTML HTML in in a a weekend. weekend. The The fonts, fonts, colors, colors, and and positioning positioning specified specified using using CSS. CSS. You You can can learn learn the the basics basics of of CSS CSS in in a a weekend. weekend.

26 How How does does Amazon Amazon remember remember all all these these books? books?

27 Your Your cart cart tracked tracked on on the the server. server. How How that that done? done? How How does does Amazon Amazon remember remember all all these these books? books?

28 How How does does Amazon Amazon remember remember all all these these reviews? reviews? Your Your cart cart tracked tracked on on the the server. server. How How that that done? done? How How does does Amazon Amazon remember remember all all these these books? books?

29 Website Back-Ends Client asks for a webpage serves web page Web Server makes requests returns data Database Common Common languages: languages: Python Python JavaScript JavaScript PHP PHP Ruby Ruby Java Java Common Common database database formats: formats: SQL SQL BigTable BigTable

30 Technologies Involved Browser: HTML/CSS: Describe the layout of the page, page content, color schemes, etc. JavaScript: Respond to mouse clicks, generate dynamic content, etc. Web Server: PHP / Python / Java / Ruby / etc.: Receive web requests and generate content, etc. MySQL / BigTable / etc.: Store data perstently, retrieve data, etc.

31 Next Time Where to Go from Here Course recap. What comes after CS106A? Plus a little treat...

CS 106A, Lecture 25 Life After CS 106A, Part 1

CS 106A, Lecture 25 Life After CS 106A, Part 1 This document is copyright (C) Stanford Computer Science and Marty Stepp, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License. All rights reserved. Based