P2P. WebRTC. An Implementation of a Fault Tolerant Web Browser-Based Structured P2P Network over WebRTC

Transcription

1 WebRTC P2P Web P2P WebRTC P2P WebRTC WebRTC-Manager WebRTC-Manager Web DDLL web P2P Kirin WebRTC P2P An Imlementation of a Fault Tolerant Web -Based Structured P2P Network over WebRTC Zheng Yanzu 1 Yuji Kawai 1 Jiaoke Li 1 Kota Abe 1 Abstract: In this aer, we describe a method to imlement Web browser-based structured P2P network using WebRTC technology, which establishes a ion between 2 browsers directly. WebRTC has the following characteristics; to establish a ion, 1) the target node cannot be secified directly and 2) signaling rocedure is reuired. We roose a method to establish a WebRTC ion between 2 browsers that takes these characteristics into account. This method has good fault tolerance and scalability because it does not use any server for signaling. The roosed method is imlemented as a ion management library WebRTC-Manager. Furthermore, using WebRTC-Manager, we have imlemented a doubly linked ring managing algorithm DDLL web and key-order reserving structured P2P network Kirin, both of which run in Web environment. This article describes these details. Keywords: WebRTC, Structured P2P Network, Web, Fault Tolerance 1. 2 WebRTC WebRTC P2P P2P [1][2][3] P2P 1 Graduate School for Creative Cities, Osaka City University Skye BitTorrent P2P WebRTC WebRTC (1) IP 1

2 (2) P2P WebRTC P2P P2P WebRTC WebRTC P2P P2P P2P P2P Node.js * WebRTC-Manager WebRTC-Manager API WebRTC-Manager API P2P Kirin Kirin P2P Suzaku[4] Suzaku Kirin P2P P2P Kirin P2P DDLL[5] WebRTC-Manager P2P DDLL web 2 WebRTC WebRTC WebRTC a b a b *1 htts://nodejs.org Web WebSocket a WebRTC RTCPeerConnection.createOffer() API Offer SDP (Session Descrition Protocol) b b RTCPeerConnection.createAnswer() API Answer SDP a ICE Candidate IP STUN NAT IP ICE Candidate ICE Candidate Trickle ICE Vanilla ICE ICE Candidate Trickle ICE WebRTC NAT UDP hole unch TURN 3. 1 WebRTC PeerJS[6] PeerJS PeerServer PeerJS WebSocket PeerServer PeerServer WebSocket ID WebRTC ID PeerServer PeerServer PeerServer PeerJS P2P webrtc-chord[1] webrtc-kademlia[2] P2P 2

3 4.1.1 WebRTC PeerJS P2P P2P P2P P2P P2P, a, b, a a b b a b P2P P2P WebRTC WebSocket WebSocket URL WebSocket WebSocket Node.js Node.js JavaScrit JavaScrit P2P Node.js P2P WebSocket URL WebSocket P2P P2P 1 P2P Kirin P2P Suzaku[4] Suzaku (1)Churn log 2 n n (2) (3) Suzaku Chord # P2P [4] P2P Suzaku Kirin DDLL[5] Web DDLL web DDLL DDLL (1) (2) 1 (3) P2P 3 u JavaScrit WebRTC-Manager DDLL web Kirin DDLL web P2P 4.2 WebRTC-Manager WebRTC-Manager P2P WebRTC-Manager WebRTC WebSocket 3

4 WebRTC WebSocket WebRTC-Manager (2) ( 1 ) WebRTC-Manager Portal API WebSocket ( 2 ) API ID / WebSocket URL ( 3 ) Forwarder Forwarder P2P ( 4 ) Forwarder ( 5 ) Forwarder API / WebRTC/WebSocket ( a ) Case 1 WebSocket ( b ) Case 2 WebSocket URL ( c ) Case 3 WebRTC Offer SDP Offer SDP ( 6 ) ( a ) Case 1 ( b ) Case 2 WebSocket WebSocket 1 2 Portal (new node) (createanswer) Portal a b (createoffer) WebRTC a b WebSocket Portal WebSocket 3 a b ( c ) Case 3 Answer SDP ICE Candidate Trickle ICE WebRTC a Forwarder P2P P2P WebRTC-Manager P2P Forwarder Forwarder P2P 4

5 WebRTC-Manager Forwarder Forwarder 1 (1) (2) (3) reject P2P Forwarder Forwarder Forwarder Forwarder P2P WebRTC-Manager WebRTC WebSocket WebRTC-Manager PeerConnection WebRTC/WebSocket PeerConnection WebRTC/WebSocket PeerConnection API WebRTC-Manager API 1 2 Forwarder Forwarder reject DDLL web PeerConnection Promise JavaScrit reject P2P Forwarder reject 1 WebRTCManager API registerforwarder(forwarder ): void Forwarder onmessage(handler ): void Portal(url ): Promise<PeerConnection> (forwarder, hint []): Promise<PeerConnection>[] (connre ): Promise<PeerConnection> reject(connre, reason ): void 2 PeerConnection API ondis(handler ): void send(msg ): void close(): void isconnected(): boolean getremotekey(): any reject 4.3 DDLL web DDLL web DDLL[5] DDLL 2 (l, r) DDLL web PeerConnection x x PeerConnection l r DDLL u 4 (1)u s u (2)u SetR (3)SetR u SetRAck u SetL (4)SetL u DDLL web 5

6 Introducer s... u (new node) u 5 Portal s 4... DDLL u (new node) Portal DDLL web 5 ( 1 ) u Portal s ( 2 ) u 2 Forwarder u ( 3 ) Forwarder s P2P u 2 Kirin n O(log n) ( 4 ) Forwarder 1 1 Forwarder ( 5 ) Forwarder 1 ( 6 ) u 2 u l, r PeerConnection SetRJoin ( 7 ) SetRJoin r PeerConnection PeerConnection SetRAck u ( 8 ) SetRAck u SetL ( 9 ) SetL l PeerConnection DDLL web DDLL u (1)u u x (2)u x (3)x SetR x u DDLL web DDLL web u Kirin Kirin 2 u Forwarder u x x u u x u PeerConnection x SetRJoin x PeerConnection 4.4 Kirin P2P Kirin Suzaku Kirin Suzaku Suzaku P2P Forward Finger Table (FFT) Backward Finger Table (BFT) FFT[0] BFT[0] 1 *2 u FFT[i] (i > 0) BFT FFT BFT u.fft[i 1] x x.fft[i 1] u.fft[i] *2 Suzaku 2 [4] 6

7 x BFT[i 1] u FFT BFT 1 FFT BFT FFT BFT i 2 i k k log n Kirin Kirin (FFT, BFT) PeerConnection FFT[0] BFT[0] DDLL web Suzaku PeerConnection Suzaku Suzaku WebRTC Suzaku u u u u u Kirin DDLL web FFT BFT 1 FFT BFT FFT Finger Table u u.fft[i] (i > 0) 7 BFT FFT BFT Suzaku 2 ( 1 ) u Forwarder 7 u.fft[i] = P u u.fft[i - 1] a a.fft[i - 1] b b.bft[i] = P Finger Table { (i) u (ukey) u.fft[i] (cur) u.fft[i] } ( 2 ) Finger Table Forwarder u.fft[i 1] PeerConnection ( 3 ) a Forwarder a.fft[i 1] ( a ) Case 1 (null) reject ( b ) Case 2 a.fft[i 1] PeerConnection cur reject u u.fft[i] ( c ) Case 3 a.fft[i 1] PeerConnection ukey ukey reject ( d ) a.fft[i] ( 4 ) a b Forwarder u ( 5 ) u u.fft[i] PeerConnection u.fft[i + 1] b b.bft[i] PeerConnection ( 6 ) reject ( a ) Case 1 3 FFT ( b ) Case 2 u.fft[i + 1] Finger Table Finger Table WebRTC-Manager Ack DDLL web 0 Finger Table PeerConnection u Finger Table PeerConnection 1 PeerConnection 2 u u 1 7

8 PeerConnection PeerConnection 5. Scrit JavaScrit WebRTC simle-eer *3 WebSocket Socket.IO *4 WebRTC-Manager DDLL web Kirin Tye- WebRTC- Manager 1800 DDLL web 1000 Kirin 400 Google Chrome (Windows, Mac, Android) Firefox (Windows Mac) Node.js (v6.9.1, v7.5) MacBook Pro (Early 2013, macos , Intel Core i5 2.6GHz, 8GB RAM) Google Chrome (Mac : ) Node.js v Google Chrome 1 1 WebRTC Finger Table 1KB 10 8 Suzaku *3 htts://github.com/feross/simle-eer *4 htts://socket.io/ time (msec) time (browser) time (ortal) hos # of nodes # of hos WebRTC P2P WebRTC- Manager DDLL web P2P Kirin Kirin Finger Table Kirin ( ) JSPS JP16K00135 [1] Tsujio, N.: webrtc-chord (online), available from htts://github.com/tsujio/webrtc-chord (accessed 2015/12/25). [2] Suchanek, T.: webrtc-kademlia (online), available from htts://github.com/timsuchanek/webrtc-kademlia (accessed 2016/01/02). [3] WebTorrent: WebTorrent (online), available from htts://webtorrent.io/ (accessed 2017/06/23). [4] Churn Suzaku Vol. 116, No. 362 (IA ), (2016). [5] Abe, K. and Yoshida, M.: Constructing Distributed Doubly Linked Lists without Distributed Locking, Proc. of the IEEE Intl. Conf. on P2P Comuting 2015, (2015). [6] Bu, M. et al.: PEERJS (online), available from htt://eerjs.com (accessed (2015/12/25)). 8