Fast Boot Techniques on Kontron Embedded Computer platforms. Time to market performers

Transcription

1 Fast Boot Techniques on Kontron Embedded Computer platforms Time to market performers

2 Fast time to market Embedded computers with Modules Systems Application ready platforms Demo boots into QNX Neutrino RTOS through BIOS and Fastboot Extended SW-support through RTsoft in Russia

3 Kontron We are Nearby You Kontron designs & manufactures ECT in Americas, EMEA and Asia EMEA Germany, France, Denmark Switzerland, UK, Russia, etc. Eching/Munich, Germany Global Corporate HQ ASIA PACIFIC China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan China NORTH AMERICA Columbia, SC Fremont, CA Montreal, Canada Pittsburgh, PA San Diego, CA India Bangalore, Mumbai New Delhi, Hyderabad Global Headquarters Regional Headquarters Malaysia San Diego, California High Volume Manufacturing Factory Regional Offices (Engineering, Design, Support, Manufacturing) 3 April 2010 Total Employees December 2009: 2487 Corporate Presentat

4 Revenue Development (in Mio. ) Kontron is back at #1 Decline of 6% in 2009 due to recession (Ind. Automation) & Currencies 4 April 2010 Corporat e

5 Applications for Embedded Computer Technology Optimizing by ECT ENERGY GOVERNMENT / DEFENSE TRANSPORTATION Cost savings by standard ECT (COTS*) Long investment cycles Cost savings in Digital Health Care MEDICAL TELECOM ATCA/CRMS cost efficient standards AUTOMATION INFOTAINMENT

6 Energy-efficient Boards & Mezzanines with scalable performance 1) PCI/104-Express only 2) Samples 6U in Q2/2010; samples 3U in Q3/2010 3) Samples double width in Q3/2010 4) Samples 3U in Q4/2010 April

7 Energy-efficient Computer-on-Modules & Systems with scalable performance 5) Samples available in Q3/2010 April

8 Technology trends Cooler Faster Smaller Lower power Multi-core Virtualization for Multi-core Solid State Disks (SSD) 10GbE Networking USB 3.0 Remote mobile computing Intel Active Management Technology Wireless, security 8

9 Intel ATOM based Kontron platforms nanoetxexpress JRexplus (3.5 SBC) microetxexpress ETX 3.0 Mini-ITX Single Board Computer Motherboards Computer on Modules e.g. COMexpress Embedded Box-PC Pico-ITX (2.5 SBC) Single Board Computer Systems Nano Client HMI 9

10 Fast Boot Demonstration Introduction BIOS and BIOS boot time Fastboot versus BIOS? Fastboot time Customizing the boot process Fastbooting with a BIOS Demo: Kontron AG nanoetxexpress fastboot Conclusion

11 Introduction x86 architecture: typically associated with industrial PCs, desktops, servers, and other PC configurations Traditional barriers to using x86 in deeply embedded applications: Power consumption recent developments have mitigated this Long boot times due to reliance on BIOS x86 systems rely on boot firmware called the Basic Input Output System (BIOS) Provides a wide range of device compatibility Detects the system configuration at boot time Not necessary for embedded systems since hardware platform is pre-defined Fastboot replaces BIOS boot for very fast board startup

12 BIOS Boot Time The BIOS: a mini OS responsible for interfacing with hardware BIOS boot code has the greatest effect on boot time Executes on power up; detects and initializes attached devices Devices include keyboard, mouse, interrupt controllers, video card, CPU, cache, RAM, PCI devices, USB devices, sensors, disk drives Besides initialization, the BIOS must also handle Variations in quantity (e.g. RAM) or features (e.g. CPU support for 64-bit addressing) Execute boot code extension for each device with a BIOSexpansion ROM Completion time is device dependent; varies with configuration Top: booting from the BIOS allows a system design to support a wide range of hardware configurations and devices Flop: Flexibility comes at the cost of slower boot time

13 Fastboot Time Fastboot is fast mostly because of the things that it doesn t do: Eliminates the need to support a variable hardware configuration Eliminates need to scan devices and do on-the-fly interrupt assignments Doesn t need to consider processor features or variable RAM Developer can make fastboot even faster: Boot from a linearly addressed storage device (EEPROM or Flash) Defer resource allocation Fastboot can support mini drivers Mini-drivers allow communication with devices before system is fully running Example: supports the need to signal a device on a shared bus within a small time limit

14 BIOS Boot Time versus Fastboot Time Clock settle time BIOS start up timing Power On Self Test Graphics HW / Startup Msg Device Inventory/ PNP Initial Power On Test 0 ms > 100 ms Startup Message Device discovery, initialization ms Clock settle time Fast Boot IO Requests Mini driver Message buffer IO Requests Other Drivers and Applications Boot loader initialized Full driver Boot loader running Kernel initialized Initial Power On Code Copy OS Image, Initialize OS, Handle IO Requests OS Running 0 ms 50 ms ms

15 Customizing the Boot Process In a fastboot configuration, the developer is responsible for routing interrupts Hard-code interrupt assignments so they are known at compile time Assign interrupts to improve performance Dedicate channels to high-traffic interrupts and share interrupt lines among low-traffic interrupts Sharing IRQs incurs a run-time cost Deferring PCI resource allocation Both memory and I/O resources can be allocated after boot; the resource requirements are obtained by probing the PCI device. PCI interrupts, like ISA interrupts, are configured by the developer so that the interrupt assignments are known at compile time Booting from flash or EEPROM helps to improve boot times Reduces the complexity of the boot code Avoids slower BIOS calls required to read an image from disk

16 The Fastboot Process Initial Program Loader (IPL) phase Handles basic initialization, locates OS image, copies Startup portion of the OS image, and jumps to it Startup phase Finishes hardware initialization, copies rest of the OS image to RAM, and populates OS data structures Developer must now perform steps that the BIOS previously handled Advantage: Developer can choose what needs to be done Disadvantage: Requires developer time and effort

17 Fastbooting with a BIOS Fully customized boot loader means development time and money Initialize the memory controller, CPU, and cache; enable access to high memory; and enter protected mode. For this intialization fastboot loader doesn t perform these steps any faster than a BIOS Researchers at Intel have investigated some ways to reduce boot times of BIOS-based booting: Paper entitled Fastboot BIOS lists several potential optimizations 1 Recommendations include bypassing device inventory and hardcoding device initialization, interrupts, etc. Similar to Fastboot process and may be sufficient Strikes a balance between reduced boot times and developer effort 1 Kartoz, Dice, and Hattaway, Intel Corporation. Fastboot BIOS: An Investigation of BIOS Speed Enhancement Featuring the Intel Atom Processor (September 2008).

18 Demo Kontron nanoetx-express board Intel Atom Z510, 530 Intel SCH US15W Supports BIOS and Fastboot/BSP booting Demo boots into QNX Neutrino RTOS through BIOS and Fastboot Jumper switches boot mode

19 Comprehensive Support for Intel Atom Bios based Crown Beach BSP (see demo) Fast boot Crown Beach BSP Poulsbo High Definition Audio controller (see demo) Poulsbo Graphics Controller (see demo) 2D & 3D with Open GL ES and hardware acceleration Intel Compiler support for QNX (available from Intel) Multi-media support Configurable multi-media engine Media synchronizers and database support Session management with persistence (maintain state) 19

20 QNX BSP details for nanoetxexpress-sp Supported system components: EIDE Hard Drive ATAPI DVD/CD-ROM drive EHCI and UHCI USB Host Controllers PCI/PCIe support MMC/SD card controller LVDS SDIO Hyperthreading NOR flash device driver support (for Intel Firmware Hub boot flash) SMbus support (for i2c peripherals on System Management bus) Support for the Atom is an ongoing engineering program. For more info, please contact RTSoft (Moscow) Kontron strategic partner in Russia and CIS 20

21 Kontron Global Software Design Consultancy, design and implementation of software for industrial automation Project based software package development for industrial communication, human-machine interfaces and process visualization/control Porting of drivers and middleware Porting, adoption and validation of target applications Validation of complete software solution All Kontron standard products are supported and validated with: Board Support Packages for all important Operating Systems including all drivers and support of all hardware features Hypervisor/Virtualization, validated with different Operating Systems (if Hyper-Threading and / or Multi-core is supported by the CPU) Software tool chain including common, standardized Embedded API (EAPI) Extended variety of application-ready-platforms for dedicated market segments 21

22 Kontron products pretested with QNX SWD Software and RTSoft successfully tested popular Kontron boards with QNX. Result - full compatibility of QNX 4.25 and QNX Neutrino 6.3.2/6.4 with the following popular boards: CompactPCI board CP307 (Intel Core Duo) Computer-on-Modules nanoetxpress-sp (Intel Atom Z5XX series) 22

23 QNX 6.5 available for Kontron products QNX Neutrino 6.5 available for Kontron modules and boars CompactPCI boards CP308 (Intel Core2 Duo Penryn, GS45, ICH9M) Computer-on-Modules ETXexpress -PC (Intel Core2 Duo, GS45, ICH9, GMA x4500) microetxpress -PC (Core2 Duo, GS45, ICH9, GMA x4500) microetxpress -SP (Intel Atom Z5XX, US15W, SCH, GMA 500) nanoetxpress-sp (Intel Atom Z5XX, US15W, SCH, GMA 500) Boards & Mezzanines KTQ45/Flex (Intel Core2 Duo/Quad, Q45, ICH10, GMA 4500) 23