EECE404 Senior Design II

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "EECE404 Senior Design II"

Cody Hart
5 years ago
Views:

1 EECE404 Senior Design II Electrical and Computer Engineering Dr. Charles Kim Spring

2 Where we are Problem was defined General solution approach was selected Initial and rough design was made Proposal was presented Winter break plan was made Winter break achievement was made Current status: the solution approach and design are still rough, based on the initial and first idea, not ready to be adopted for implementation Expand the solution space 2

3 Problem Solving Solution Generation Objectives: The steps of problem solving Strategies for generating, analyzing, and selecting alternatives Making Progress 3

4 Class Schedule Schedule January: Initial System Design and Alternative Solution Generation System Design and Alternative solutions (of whole or parts) generation Final System Design Parts and Components Progress Report & Presentation February: Implementation of the Project Implementation Plan + Evaluation Plan (Presentation) Implementation Process March: Continuation of the Implementation ECE Progress Presentation Public Presentation Event Completion of the implementation Evaluation April: Final Month of the class (2 3 weeks) Final Project Presentation (ECE Day) Thursday, April 17, 2014 (*April PG grade posting /End of formal class) Cornell Cup 2014 Presented by Intel Final competition May 1-3, 2014 at the Disney World Class Policy More time to teams team meeting log Progress Report Presentations 4

5 Grading Policy Grading: Team Works (t) 80% Class activities + Presentation + contents (40%) Team Binder (10%) with team meeting minutes and all works Final Report Submission (Soft + Binding) (5 %) ECE Day judgment (25%) No participation, no team work point Attendance (a) 10% Other Individual works: exam + presentation + etc (b) 10% Peer Evaluation (p) Final Score = (a + b) + 0.6*t + 0.4*t*p A> 90 89>B>80 79>C>70 69>D>60 59>F 5

6 Problem Solving Process Problem Solving Process Finding design solutions to a problem --- Solutions Generation Exploring and Analyzing those solutions, and -- - Analysis of Alternatives Selecting the most promising design for implementation --- Top Design 6

where we are Wide design space but true to the problem (functional requirements) better approach,

7 Step 1: Generation of solutions (and Alternatives) The act of expansion - all possible solutions (Entire design or a part or a few parts in the design) Overcome the temptation to adopt the first idea where we are Wide design space but true to the problem (functional requirements) better approach, better component, economical way, etc. Building onto the initial solution and consider the expanded solutions 7

8 Remember the different designs of space shuttle? 8

9 Screening Step 2: Analysis of Alternatives Remove those that do not meet the functional requirements ( concept screening ) In-depth analysis of final candidates Modeling analytically with equations - Equations are representations of reality, not reality itself Modeling with a simulation - You get what is modeled, not the reality Experimentation (with prototype) - Requires more time and money Qualitative Reasoning Exert Opinion. Talk to your advisor 9

10 Which approach to use Example 3 types of sensors on the table and need to choose 1 Can a red LED be used as a light source for photodiode based measurement in place of write LED? In handling numerous inputs and outputs, which one do I use? Do I need an additional microcontroller? How do I obtain situation (air quality) awareness in an office building? Which motor is better, 1/2hp with 5lb weight or ¼ hp with 1 lb weight? What are the methods available to reduce energy consumption and/or increase energy efficiency? Which one is better under what condition? 10

11 Solution Generation: Problems Observed The problems observed in the previous Senior Designs No Serious Alternative Designs Simulation for Simulation s Sake No rigorous analysis for design comparison No effort of designing a circuit Instead, let Internet do for them A purchased kit replaced the design No evaluation of the design 11

12 Selection of Top Designs Selection is decision-making Decision-making involves making tradeoffs Trade Study The results of the analyses Requirements from customer Requirements of different importance Decision Tool Decision Matrix 12

13 Decision Matrix Example Which car do you buy under the following two different weight scenarios You concerned about all four attributes equally. You concerned about cost and fairly indifferent about looks. Mileage and the mechanic s ratings are equally important for you. 13

14 Using a Decision Matrix Step 1: Collect Information (Analyses) Step 2: Determine and Weight Attributes Step 3: Rate the Concepts Step 4: Rank the Concepts Step 5: Combine and Improve the Concepts Step 6: Resolve the Decision 14

15 Alternative Solutions and Decision Making Examples 15

16 Smart Phone Design 1 Sticker Tags RFID Reader Module Vibrating Motor Serial Connection Wired Wired Arduino with Bluetooth shield Intel Board with built in accelerometer 01/30/2013 LCD Screen

17 Design 1 Pros and Cons Pros Convenient view/edit of schedule through smartphone Wireless connectivity through Bluetooth Built in accelerometer to detect movement Cons Interference with surrounding Wi-Fi using UHF tags and reader Bluetooth battery consumption on the smartphone Limited programming choice for application Easy input and output connectivity through the Arduino Multiple notification (Smartphone, Vibrating motor, and LCD screen)

18 Design 2 RFID reader Desktop/Laptop RFID tags Serial Connection Wired LCD Intel Board with built in accelerometer Actuator

19 Design 2 Pros and Cons Pros More choices of programming languages for the application development Using the built-in accelerometer reduces cost. Desktop computers are less susceptible to theft than smartphones. Cons Since the user s schedule is pulled from a calendar on the desktop, changes cannot be made on the go. Mode of communication between the backpack and the CPU is limited to Wi-Fi. Standard ports on the Intel board (USB ports, VGA ports)

20 Design Decision Matrix Weigh t Design 1 Score Agg. Score Design 2 Scor e Agg. Score Functionalit y Connectivit y 5 Smartphone Arduino Vibrating motor 2 Bluetooth Wired Wi-Fi Weight 3 Approx. 940g Power 4 More components to be powered 5 25 Desktop Actuator 5 10 Wired Wi-Fi Approx. 890g Fewer components to be powered 5 20 Convenienc e 01/30/ On the go edit 5 5 At home edit 3 3 TOTAL 64 59

21 Smart Phone Final Design Sticker Tags RFID Reader Module Vibrating Motor Serial Connection Wired Wired Arduino with Bluetooth shield Intel Board with built in accelerometer 01/30/2013 LCD Screen

22 Microprocessor 1: EM250 Manufacturer: Ember Size: 7 x 7 mm RF Protocol: ZigBee Max. Data Rate: 250 kbps Surface Mount Technology (SMT) Dev. Kit: $2,500 22

23 Microprocessor 2: CC2540 Manufacturer: Texas Instruments Size: 6 x 6 mm RF Protocol: Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Max. Data Rate: 1 Mbps Surface Mount Technology (SMT) Dev. Kit: $299 23

24 Microprocessor 3: nrf8001 Manufacturer: Nordic Semiconductor Size: 5 x 5 mm RF Protocol: Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Max. Data Rate: 1 Mbps Surface Mount Technology (SMT) Dev. Kit: $400 24

25 Microprocessor Comparison Name CC2540 nrf8001 EM250 Manufacturer Texas Instruments Nordic Semiconductor Ember Size 6x6 mm 5x5 mm 7x7 mm Packaging SMT SMT SMT Memory 128/256kB Flash, 8kB 128kB Flash, 5kB - RAM SRAM Comm. Protocol Bluetooth Low Energy Bluetooth Low Energy Zigbee Max. Data Rate 1 MBps 1 MBps 250 kbps Frequency 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz Software BTool nrf8001 SDK xide Vendor Digikey Mouser Digikey Chip Price $6.15 $4.56 $6.16 Kit Price $ $ $2, Receiver Bluetooth 4.0 Compatible Device (iphone 4S) WiFi Compatible Device 2/1/2012 Alternative Solutions 25

26 Microprocessor Decision Matrix Criteria Weight TI CC2540 Nordic nrf8001 Ember EM250 Cost Programming Receiver Data Rate Weighted Total Rank

27 Temperature Sensor Comparison Name Temperature Range Accuracy Supply Voltage Operating Current Output Size Cost LM C to C ±1 C 5V 400 μato 5 ma Analog 5 x 6 mm $1.36 TMP C to 125 C ±0.5 C 1.4V to 3.6V 1 μa- 10μA Digital 1.7 x 1.7mm $1.80 TMP C to +150 C ±0.5 C 1.4 V - 3.6V 3 μaat 0.25 HZ Digital mm $1.94 LM74 55 C to +150 C ± C 3.0V or 2.65V - 5.5V 265μA Digital 5 x 6.2 mm $1.88 LM84 0 to C ±1 C 3.0V 3.6V 1mA Digital 5 x 6 mm $

28 Temp. Sensor Decision Matrix Criteria Weight LM335 TMP102 TMP104 LM74 LM84 Size Precision Supply Voltage Output Format Cost Weighted Total Rank

29 Final Design Components Microprocessor: CC2540 Temperature Sensor: TMP102 PCB Manufacturer: Pad2Pad Camera: OV

30 Analysis of Alternative components OBSTACLE ALERT Vibration Modules o o o Availability of already designed modules Ease of connection? Wireless communication with module? Audible tones o o o Sounds are easy to make Might be confusing while providing direction to locations (horrible user experience Difficult to integrate with voice provided directions Measure (Weight) User Experience Ease of Implementation Total Vibration Modules Headset tones

31 Analysis of Alternative components Ultrasonic Sensor o o DISTANCE CALCULATION SENSOR Good widespread connection Little interference based of weather (reliable) Infra red sensor o o Easily affected by sunlight More accurate but slim spectrum Measure (Weight) User Experienc e (0.7) Ease of Implemen tation(0.9) Accuracy (0.9) Reliability (0.9) Total Ultrasonic Sensor Infra red

32 Analysis of Alternative components INPUTTING DESIRED ADDRESSES Braille Keyboard o o o Time to input address (poor user experience) Easy to integrate with system Allows for more accuracy Voice (voice synthesis) o o o Possible great user experience Implementation requirements (we have time constraints) Low accuracy Measure (Weight) User Experience (0.9) Ease of Implementa tion(0.8) Reliability (0.8) Total Voice Operation Braille Keyboard

33 Experimentation for Sensors I/O Controller and Ultrasonic sensor being tested on a PC

34 Braille keyboard Final Design and Components

CLASS ACTIVITY - Example Design Study ( Trade Study ) for alternatives Background: Some aspects of

correctly Design Project: How should an emergency stop button be interfaced to a microcomputer based

Each team generates at least 2 solution designs (Block or Schematic Diagrams as detailed as possible): 10

35 CLASS ACTIVITY - Example Design Study ( Trade Study ) for alternatives Background: Some aspects of designs may have safety implications which must be treated seriously to ensure that they operate correctly Design Project: How should an emergency stop button be interfaced to a microcomputer based machine control system to ensure its correct operation? Each team generates at least 2 solution designs (Block or Schematic Diagrams as detailed as possible): 10 minutes Each team analyzes the alternative designs: 10 minutes Each team selects the top design and explains the reason behind the selection: 5 minutes (Submission required) 35

36 Assignment for Final Solution Generation Get back to our main business This is about your team project Each team will bring up at least 1 additional solution design and multiple alternative components Each team will do alternative design analysis for the project Each team will apply the decision matrix for top design selection 38

37 Assignment Details 1. Make out at least alternative approach in addition to the initial first approach [i.e., there must be at least 2 alternatives to consider] (of entire design or components of the design) 2. Analyze all the approaches against the functional requirements (speed, response time, weight, power, life, etc) and other pertinent criteria 3. Decision trade study decision matrix 4. Pick the top approach 5. Make out a presentation file (PPTX format) to describe the above 4 steps 6. Presentation on January 29, Final Design Submission (Feb 5, 2014): From the top approach, write and draw in MS Word format detailed schematics, hardware component list, software flowchart and block diagram 39

38 Class Schedule of January - Feb Jan 29: Presentation of Alternative Designs (components and parts) and Analyses & Top Design Solution Presentation 10 minutes of presentation time 2 presenters from each team Presenter 1: Alternative Solutions and Analyses of them (5 min) Presenter 2: Decision Making and Top Design Selection (5 min) Feb 5: Final Design (MS Word file) submission Description of the top design Schematics of the design Hardware component (product name, description, product no, vendor, price, etc) Software component Flowcharts or block diagrams. Lecture on Progress Reporting 40

Alternative Designs and Decision Making for Top Design Selection

Alternative Designs and Decision Making for Top Design Selection 1 Step 1. Generation of Alternatives (>2 Conceptual Designs) Multiple Alternative conceptual designs Optimal Solution (by balanced capability,