Title of Presentation Goes Here. Presenter Name Title, Company

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1 Title of Presentation Goes Here Presenter Name Title, Company

2 The Future of Building Information is Tags Chris Hollinger Business Line Manager, Siemens Building Technologies

3 Learning Objectives: Understand tags and what they are, and a bit of how they developed Discuss tags in the context of building automation systems What building automation management problems does tagging solve? Where will tags go in the future?

4 What is a tag? A hashtag is a type of label or metadata tag used on social network and microblogging services

5 Tagging has evolved over the course of time to solve a common problem information management First Web2.0 conference: Tagging was popularized by websites associated with Web 2.0 and is Social bookmarking website Delicious provided a way for its users to add "tags" to their bookmarks; Delicious also provided browseable aggregated views of the bookmarks of all users featuring a particular tag. Flickr allowed its users an important to add their own text tags to each of their pictures, feature of many constructing flexible and easy metadata that made the pictures highly searchable Web 2.0 services. Twitter hyperlinks all hashtags in tweets Twitter introduces trending topics and Introduces algorithm to tackle spam to make sure trends are natural

6 Tagging is also a solution to BAS information management BACnet XD submitted Project for public Haystack review formed and comment Project Haystack is an open source initiative to streamline working providing semantics tags with on data objects from and the Internet of Things. We standardize semantic data properties; providing discoverable models and web services with the goal of making it easier to unlock arrangements of objects value and from properties; the vast quantity of data being generated by the smart describing proprietary devices objects, that properties, permeate our homes, buildings, factories, and cities. and datatypes; providing Applications property metadata include automation, control, energy, HVAC, lighting, like writability, range, volatility, and other etc.; environmental declaring systems. device capabilities (PICS data).

7 Hashtags, used in Twitter, the birthplace of social media tags Google+ Facebook Instagram Pinterest

8 What is a tag used for? Why? Because it makes it easier for users to find messages with a specific theme or content. Users create and use hashtags by placing the hash character (or number sign) # in front of a word or unspaced phrase, either in the main text of a message or at the end. Searching for that hashtag will then present each message that has been tagged with it.

9 What is a tag used for? For example, a hashtag #nfmtorlando2015 allows users to find images that have been tagged as containing #nfmtorlando2015. Hashtags can be used to collect public opinion on events and ideas at the local, corporate, or world level.

10 How do we narrow down tag #NFMT searches? #NFMT_Conference

11 #BACnet

12 Which tag will pull the best info on the 2014 Soccer World Cup? WorldCup WorldCup2014 SoccerWorldCup searching Twitter for #worldcup2014returns many tweets from individuals around the globe about the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

13 #worldcup World cup example #worldcup2014 #soccerworldcup

14 Be specific: Twitter best practices for hashtag use: If you re using a hashtag to join a conversation, make sure the hashtag is specific and relevant to your topic. If you re talking about Obama's health care plan, use #Obamacare instead of simply #Obama. A vague or generic hashtag like #health or #opinion isn t effective either.

15 Twitter best practices for hashtag use: Keep it simple: Hashtags, like links, look like spam if they are used too often. Three hashtags should be the maximum on Twitter and Facebook, but you can get away with more hashtags on Instagram and Vine. And don t hashtag the same word twice ( #Gravity is a great movie! Everybody go see #Gravity ). It s #redundant.

16 Twitter best practices for hashtag use: Give context: A tweet that contains only hashtags is not only confusing it's boring. If your tweet simply reads, #happy, your followers will have no idea what you re talking about. Similarly, if you tweet, #BreakingBad is #awesome, you re not really adding much to the conversation.

17 In BAS, what does tagging add? Classic protocol definitions leave gaps in the project implementation definition: Context definition for information. What does this information actually represent and how to use it? Consistency from project implementation to project implementation Search and consume the data for analytics purposes Integration of proprietary pieces of information, either proprietary objects or proprietary extensions to standard objects Ability to create virtual hierarchies of related objects to facilitate logical associations amongst multiple devices and objects

18 Problem: Point Names are typically per project, per contractor or per individual implementation whim Result: Data is difficult to present and integrate, difficult to sort, difficult to parse, difficult to harvest for valuable information Not consistent across projects Options: 1. Rename points system-wide Pros: Solves the problem of having consistent point names for now Cons: One time solution, which takes immense amount of effort and likely will break many system interdependencies such as graphics, defined reports, system logic 2. Use a mapping gateway device Pros: Allows for intelligent pseudo naming without changing the original name and disrupting system wide usage Cons: Requires effort for mapping plus a gateway device, and project specific implementation 3. Tagging Pros: Allows intelligent pseudo naming without changing the original name and disrupting system wide usage and implementation may be standardized across many projects or even industry Cons: Consensus required on standard for meaningful and consistent tagging

19 What can be done to provide standardized semantic tags for BAS? Agree on the definition of semantic tagging model. The Project Haystack tagging model has three significant aspects, which have differing levels of relevance to BACnet The Tagging Dictionary Standardized Tag Sets Standardized Hierarchical Models Marker (semantic) Tags Value Tags Ref Tags Tag combinations that allow Descriptive Object Types to be identified Standardized Ref Tags are used to construct standard hierarchies for modeling applications, geographic areas, building floors, devices and networks, etc.

20 Descriptive Object Goal is to provide a model that can be applied to either BACnet or Haystack. The first element of this model is the Descriptive (or self-describing ) Object Type. Standardize information represented as a descriptive tags: Standardize the properties and attributes of the value tags: Space temperature Humidity Space temperature current value in deg F CO2 Humidity in % RH Damper position CO2 in PPM Cooling valve position Damper position is 50% open Cooling valve position is 100% open Standardized Descriptive Object Types are not explicitly provided by either Haystack or BACnet. However, the model can easily be applied to either, assuming incorporation of tagging elements into BACnet objects.

21 Descriptive Structure The second element of the is the Descriptive (or self-describing ) Structure. Standardize relationships represented in a reference tag: Sensor to equipment VAV box to VAV AHU AHU to chiller plant Floor to building Building to site Data represented as examples of the structured relationship: VAV box #10 to VAV AHU #2 AHU #2 to Chiller #1 Floor #1 to Building #2 Building #2 to Site Orlando Project Haystack defines a number of standardized Descriptive Structure Types (ahu <- vav, site <- floor, equip <- point, etc.).

22 Standardized Semantic Tag Sets Combinations of semantic tags are used to indicate what the Object or Structure represents. To achieve interoperability, it is necessary for these combinations to be standardized. It is not adequate for only the individual tags to be standardized. Standardize application type represented in a tag structure: Standardize application type represented in a tag VAV box space structure: temperature = zone; point; temperature; sensor Standardize application type represented in a tag structure: VAV box damper position = zone; point; damper; sensor VAV box humidity = zone; point; humidity; sensor

23 Mapping Between BACnet and Haystack Models The primary focus should be on standardizing tags and tag sets for the purpose of describing the real-world entities that each object represents. Standard semantic tags and tag sets BACnet Object Haystack Model

24 Building #1 System A; AHU #1-4 Room setpoint = 69 Room setpoint = 73 Room setpoint = 72 Room setpoint = 73

25 Building #2 System B; AHU #1-7 Room setpoint = 69 Room setpoint = 73 Room setpoint = 71 Room setpoint = 71

26 What AHU and VAV box system points would be important to track? Building #1, System A, AHU#2 VAVHVPos RATemp SATemp SACO2 SAFLW RACO2 AHUSPLYAIRTemp AHUSPLYFSPD VAVCLGVPos VAVDPos

27 What AHU and VAV box system points would be important to track? Building #2, System B, AHU#2 VAVHtVlvPos RtnAirTemp SplyAirTemp SplyAirCO2 SplyAirFlow RtnAirCO2 AHUSplyAirTemp AHUSplyFanSpd VAVClgVlvPos VAVDmprPos

28 What AHU and VAV box system points would be important to track? Return air CO2 Heating valve position Return air temp Supply air temp Supply air CO2 Supply Air Flow Supply air temp Fan Speed Cooling valve VAV box damper positions

29 Building #1 CWS A

30 Building #2 CWS B

31 Example Point Name Example Point Name Tag Examples CWS A CWS B ChWSTemp CHWST chilled, water, temp, leaving, sensor ChWRTemp CHWRT chilled, water, temp, entering, sensor CondWSTemp CNDWST condensed, water, temp, leaving, sensor CondWRTemp CNDWRT condensed, water, temp, entering, sensor ChWFlow CHWFL chilled, water, flow, sensor RefrCondTemp RFRCNDT Condenser, refrig, temp, sensor RefrCondPres RFRCNDPR Condenser, refrig, pressure, sensor RefrLiqTemp RFRLQDT Condenser, refrig, temp, sensor

32 Intelligent Discovery Objects know what they are Not just an AI, a return air temp sensor Not just an AO, a heating coil valve Combining this knowledge with system views is the basis for further automated fault detection This information then allows for trending and reporting like data across the system

33 Intelligent Design Objects know what they are Not just an AI, a discharge air temp sensor Not just an AO, a cooling coil valve Building graphics is easier since objects know what mechanical component they represent

34 Intelligent Graphics Creation Produce high volume graphics automatically based on common application model and common tagging mechanisms

35 Central Plant Energy Analysis Easily find and track values for comparisons and trend analysis Total plant kw Outside air temperature

36 Central Plant Energy Analysis Easily find and track values for comparisons and trend analysis Total plant kw Outside air temperature Total Plant kw/ton Query report: Total kw Outside air temperature Total kw/ton

37 Equipment Performance Analysis Easily find and track values for comparisons and trend analysis Assess efficiency Assess trends in performance Compare like plants Query report: Total AHU kwh Total kwh Outside air temperature Avg

38 Query report: Chiller Total kwh Economizer System Enable

39 Efficiency Analysis and Comparisons Easily find and track values for comparisons and trend analysis Heat kbtu Electricity kwh Gas therms

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41 Analyze Data Efficiency Comparisons Track utility usage Assess trends in utility usage over time

42 Case study: Bass Pro Shop s Energy Management System Hardware Components Installed: Building Automation System HVAC Controls Lighting Controls Smoke Evacuation Controls Weather Station Energy Meters Utility Meters Graphics, Analytics and M&V Data Server

43 Energy Distribution TM Continuous Commissioning Dashboard of KPIs for whole building, sub-meters Measurement of kw, kwh, cf, cfh, therms, Btu, gal, cfm, temp F, kw/ton, lbs CO2 Summary, Demand, Consumption, Meter Page Details, Charts/Graph/Tabular Track and measure mechanical system performance Compare to seasonal adjustments Compare to as built values Measurement & Verification Energy Distribution Reporting Levels and KPI s: Whole Building and Evaluated Energy Conservation Measures Key Inputs: equest Model, Electricity, Gas, Water, PV, Weather, Occupancy, Operational Schedule Features: IPMVP Compliant M&V Energy Savings Dashboard Baseline Model vs Actual Results Dashboard of KPIs for whole building, sub-meters Measurement of kw, kwh, cf, cfh, therms, Btu, gal, cfm, temp F, kw/ton, lbs CO2 Summary, Demand, Consumption, Meter Page Details, Charts/Graph/Tabular

44 Tagging can be your standard, help define it!

45 Learning Objectives: 1. Please list your four learning objectives on this page 2. Second Objective 3. Third Objective 4. Fourth Objective

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