Using languages to build and reason about visualizations

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Allen Knight
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2 Welcome

3 # T C 1 8 Using languages to build and reason about visualizations Scott Sherman Principal Software Engineer Tableau Research

4 Agenda Why languages? The power of VizQL Visual Query Language, the heart of Tableau Case studies: Enhanced Show Me: for natural language and more Tableau Runtime: A language for computation CompassQL: A language for recommendations Draco: A language for improving visualizations

5 Examples of languages Human English Visual musical notation Computer Python Domain Specific regex Swahili Feynman diagram JavaScript HTML Iñupiaq Gantt chart PostScript Tableau calcs

6 Why a language? Tool for reasoning Meta: programs that reason about the program itself natural language, machine learning, proofs, optimizations Map between different concepts specific domains: e.g., user interface, layout, query, visualization Easier to author, understand, compose concepts

7 Tableau Examples: Calculated Fields

8 Tableau Example: Table Calcs

9 Tableau Example: Tableau Markup Used by titles, captions, text objects, tooltips Captures field names, sheet names, etc.

10 Tableau Example: VizQL It s basically what s on the shelves

11 Tableau Example: VizQL layout visual spec view spec pane specs column: MONTH(Date) row: SUM(Sales) color: Product filters: {exclude Desk, Chair} columns filters color size rows sorts shape text pages LOD tooltip mark type

12 Why is this interesting? UI: Query: Layout: ShowMe: VizQL Shelves VizQL SQL MDX VizQL visualization List of fields VizQL

13 Show Me!

14 Natural Language Input (NLI) VizQL ShowMe encapsulates best practices Use lines for time, bars otherwise We want to leverage this for NLI If NLI simply extracts a list of fields, it can use ShowMe But it know more than just lists of fields Show me average sales Show me the trend of Enhanced Show Me

15 Intent Language Show me fields average of [Sales] average of [Profit] [City] intent correlation

16 Enhanced Show Me (ESM) natural language intent language ESM Visual best practices VizQL UI, query, layout

17 Future possibilities? machine learning natural language future UI? intent language ESM VizQL

18 Future possibilities? machine learning natural language future UI? intent language ESM other VizQL other

19 Tableau Runtime (TRT) Language describing computation Supports optimizations table calcs partitioning layout highlighting reason globally incremental updates client or server side can cache data & transforms

20 Tableau Runtime (TRT) if this changes only these need to be recomputed

21 Why a language? Tool for reasoning Meta: programs that reason about the program itself natural language, machine learning, proofs, optimizations Map between different concepts specific domains: e.g., user interface, layout, query, visualization Easier to author, understand, compose concepts

22 S E S S I O N R E P E AT S Using languages to build & reason about visualizations Tuesday 2:15-3:15 MCCNO L3 397 Using languages to build & reason about visualizations Thursday 2:15-3:15 MCCNO L3 346

23 R E L AT E D S E S S I O N S Semantics and cognition for visual analytics Day Time Time Location Show me the queries! Day Time Time Location

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Performance Issue : More than 30 sec to load. Design OK, No complex calculation. 7 tables joined, 500+ millions rows

Bienvenue Nicolas Performance Issue : More than 30 sec to load Design OK, No complex calculation 7 tables joined, 500+ millions rows Denormalize, Materialized Views, Columnstore Index Less than 5 sec to