UP Space Metadatawerkswinkel Metadata workshop

Transcription

1 UP Space Metadatawerkswinkel Metadata workshop

2 Metadata Workshop 3 March 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Power Point Presentation No.1 2. Controlled Vocabulary 3. DublinCore Fields 4. Exercise 5. Power Point Presentation No.2 6. Help pages 7. Glossary

3 Metadata Workshop 3 March 2006 Part 1 Metadata overview and guidelines University of Pretoria Academic Information Service Amelia Breytenbach Ria Groenewald

4 Overview What metadata is Types of metadata and their importance How metadata is stored, what metadata does and why we use it Metadata standards and schemas Dublin Core Metadata Standard Encoding General guidelines for writing metadata UPSpace and metadata Metadata Standard for UP Working document

5 Definition of metadata Definition of metadata Data about data. Metadata describes how and when and by whom a particular set of data was collected, and how the data is formatted. Metadata is essential for understanding information stored in data warehouses and has become increasingly important in XML-based Web applications. Source: Webopedia

6 What is metadata? Standardised descriptions of resources that aid in the discovery and retrieval of resources, particularly in reference to information about electronic, or digital, material Describing individual files, single objects or complete collections Traditional library cataloging is a form of metadata and MARC 21 and the AACR2 used with it are metadata standards

7 Types of metadata descriptive structural administrative or technical preservation rights management title, author, extent, subject, keywords unique identifiers, page numbers, special features (table of contents, indexes) file formats, scanning dates, file compression format, image resolution Archival information Ownership, copyright, license information

8 Importance of metadata types Importance of metadata types These metadata types are critical to establish an accurate understanding of the nature of the resource: Content (What the object contains or is about) Context (The who, what, why, where and how aspects associated with the object s creation) Structure (The formal set of associations within or among individual objects)

9 But how is metadata stored? But how is metadata stored? Stored separately as a HTML, XML or MARC 21 document linked to the resource it describes As an integral part of the record by embedding the metadata in the Web pages In a database linked to the resource

10 What does metadata do? What does metadata do? Metadata: is the key to ensuring that resources will survive and continue to be accessible into the future is searchable and aids the identification and retrieval of resources helps the end user to do accurate searching and retrieval and will also help to evaluate a resource types also assists in managing, maintaining and preserving digital collections facilitate interoperability supports archiving, security and authentication of digital resources

11 Why use metadata? Metadata provides the essential link between the information creator and the information user We can ensure that this objective is met by using metadata in accordance with international standards

12 Metadata standards Metadata standards Value of metadata standards Standards establish a uniform set of ground rules for tagging information. Standards help ensure consistency in metadata application. Standards support interoperability of applications and resource sharing. Standards pave the way for new technologies. International metadata standards Standards are created by international or internationally recognised bodies such as IFLA, ISO, W3C, NISO. This is often a long, expensive and labour intensive process with expansion, adaptation and extension according to dynamic needs.

13 Metadata schemas 1 Application of metadata is controlled by use of schemas consisting of defined fields for specific types of information Metadata elements are the individual components that make up a schema Each element will contain a particular category of information depending on the definition of that element Elements can vary and not all schemas contain the same elements as the needs of different communities vary

14 Metadata schemas 2 Dublin Core (DC) Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) Visual Resources Association (VRA) for the description of simple textual or image resources for encoding archival finding aids e,g. description of collections as a whole. for text markup such as novels, poetry, etc for the description of art, architecture, and other visual resources.

15 Dublin Core Metadata Element Set Dublin Core Metadata Element Set Elements are simple to understand and apply optional and repeatable international and cross-disciplinary in scope Unqualified For coarse-grained discovery of resources Qualified For richer descriptions to enable more refined resource discovery

16 Dublin Core Metadata Element Set Dublin Core Metadata Element Set Content & about the resource Intellectual property Physical manifestation Title Author or Creator Date Subject Publisher Type Description Contributor Format Source Rights Identifier Language Relation Coverage

17 What is encoding? Encoding allows the metadata to be processed by computer program: This is done by the addition of markup to a document to store and transmit information about its structure, content or appearance Presentational markup relates to the visual appearance of a document e.g. fonts Descriptive markup relates to the logical structure of a document e.g. to indicate a title, author etc According to international standards e.g. ISO, W3C

18 Encoding Schemes Encoding Schemes Important schemes include: HTML (Hyper-Text Markup Language) XML (extensible Markup Language) RDF (Resource Description Framework) MARC (Machine Readable Cataloguing) SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Language)

19 Ways to write metadata Ways to write metadata Natural metadata is found in the source document supports discovery of resources includes the author s name, date, title Added metadata is added by an metadata editor or by software supports resource selection includes subject terms, abstracts, rights metadata

20 Metadata requirements for collections Importance to balance metadata requirements against real cost of creating and managing the information Using a complex, multi-faceted metadata schema is more expensive than a simple schema Assigning terms from controlled vocabularies is more costly and time-consuming than using random keywords Level of metadata complexity used will correlate with the needs of the anticipated collection users

21 Controlling your language Controlling your language Metadata vocabularies are the words or values you enter into the subject element The Subject element can be assigned Using an existing controlled vocabulary as it is Adapting or customising a vocabulary Developing your own vocabulary Using free language

22 Choosing a vocabulary Please bear in mind when choosing a vocabulary: The users The nature and extent of the collection The skills and available time of the submitters Your community Please take note of our list of thesauri, subject headings and word lists on your handout before deciding on a vocabulary

23 UPSpace and metadata Qualified Dublin Core metadata standard DSpace uses the Qualified Dublin Core metadata standard for describing textual or image resources What does Qualified means? Qualified Dublin Core employs additional qualifiers to the basic 15 elements to further refine the meaning of an element. Qualifiers allow applications to increase the precision of the metadata

24 Mandatory elements in UPSpace Mandatory elements in UPSpace Title: A name given to the item/resource Author: This is the element creator and is the entity primarly responsible for making the content of the resource Type: The nature or genre of the content of the resource e.g. an image. Subject: Topic of the content of the item/resource. This can be free language keywords. Language: Language of the item/resource. This can be selected from a dropdown menu on the submission form. Rights: Information about rights held in and over the resource, e.g. the name of the copyright holder

25 Metadata and workflow in UPSpace Submitter Reviewer Approvers Metadata editor Submit baseline metadata Can edit metadata for own submission Cannot edit metadata or change files Can edit the submission metadata to fix obvious errors Check and/or extend the submission s metadata

26 Metadata Standard for UP - Working Document Available at the URL: The document gives you: Guidelines to the DC Metadata fields using DSpace Explanation of DC elements and qualifiers Metadata Do s and Don t s Corresponding MARC21 fields Standards used for specific DC elements and qualifiers

27 Working document explanation The DC element subject with the standards which will be used in UPSpace DC element Date will be system generated by UPSpace according to the ISO 8601 standard DC element Type and Language standards are accommodated in dropdown menus on submission form in UPSpace DC element Format is accommodated in the Bitstream Format registry of UPSpace DC element Type and Language standards are accommodated in dropdown menus on submission form in UPSpace

28 Working document explanation The next tabel explains the 15 DC elements and qualifiers In the description column you can see an interpretation of the meaning of each element/ qualifier, useful cataloguing notes and also the MARC fields In the examples column we try to illustrate what content to add to a specific element or qualifier field On page 16 please take note of the metadata Do s and Don ts

29 References Bass, Michael J. (2002) DSpace a sustainable solution for institutional digital asset services (Functionality). Taylor, Chris. (2003) An Introduction to metadata Technical Advisory Service for Images (TASI). Metadata and digital images. Technical Advisory Service for Images (TASI). Controlling your language links to metadata vocabularies Hodge, Gail. (2001) Metadata made simpler. Smith, MacKenzie. (2003) Dspace: an open source dynamic digital repository. D-Lib Magazine, January

30 Exercise 1 and 2 Exercise 1. (Answers) 1) Are all of the six mandatory Dublin Core fields in UPSpace listed? Specify the elements lacking, if any. No Element Type and element Rights 2) What scheme has been used for DC subject headings? LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings) 3) What agency is noted as dc.creator? Do you think the hierarchy for the name authority is correct? Government of Canada. Population and Public Health Branch Yes

31 Exercise 1 and 2 Exercise 1. (Answers page 2) 4) What if any element refinement (s) / qualifiers are used for the date e element? Created, modified and accessioned 5) Are any elements repeated? Specify. Yes Element Subject 6) Are any other metadata fields (in addition to the six mandatory DC elements) included? Specify. Yes Description Date

32 Exercise 1 and 2 Exercise 2. (Answers) Title Creator/Author Subject Description Publisher Date Type Format Identifier Language D D D D R A A A S D

33 CONTROLLED VOCABULARY 1 GENERAL THESAURI, SUBJECT HEADINGS AND WORD LISTS Library of Congress Subject Headings Online versions available at and Plumb Design Visual Thesaurus SEARS Subject Headings UNESCO Thesaurus WordNet (Princeton University) SPECIALIST THESAURI, SUBJECT HEADINGS AND WORD LISTS Agrovoc Thesaurus (UN Food and Agriculture Organisation) Alexandria Digital Library Feature Types Thesaurus Categorises features relating to geographic locations Art and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) vocabularies/aat/ ASIS Thesaurus of Information Science Australian Pictorial Thesaurus (APT) BIOSIS Controlled Vocabulary auth_intro.html Covers life sciences British Education Index Thesaurus

34 British Museum Materials Thesaurus 2 British Museum Object Names Thesaurus CAB Thesaurus Covers applied life sciences ERIC (Educational Resources Information Clearinghouse) Thesaurus Covers educational topics Eurovoc Thesaurus (European Union) Covers topics relating to the EU Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (TGN) See under Authority Lists, below GeoRef Thesaurus Covers geological topics Global Legal Information Network (GLIN) Thesaurus usr=pub&op=sessioncheck&db=glin HASSET - Humanities and Social Science Electronic Thesaurus (UK Data Archive) ICOM Vocabulary of Basic Terms for Cataloguing Costume IEEE 1998 Keyword List or List of keywords, mostly relating to electronics and computing INSPEC Thesaurus (Institute of Electronic Engineers) electronic.cfm Covers Information Technology topics International Thesaurus of Refugee Terminology (ITRT) Library of Congress Moving Image Genre - Form Guide MeSH Medical Subject Headings (US National Library of Medicine)

35 NASA Thesaurus National Agricultural Library's Thesaurus (NALT) National Monuments Record Thesauri SET OF THESAURI RELATING TO MONUMENTS AND STRUCTURES Thesaurus for Graphic Materials (TGM) 1: Subject Terms Thesaurus for Graphic Materials (TGM) 2: Genre and Physical Characteristic Terms Zoological Record Thesaurus Source:

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55 Exercise 1 1 Taking a closer look at metadata Answer the following questions based on this metadata in a HTML example: <meta name="dc.title" content="west Nile Virus - What's being done to reduce the risk - Information - May 2002"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="government of Canada. Population and Public Health Branch"> <meta name="dc.subject" scheme="lcsh" content="infectious diseases"> <meta name="dc.subject" scheme="lcsh" content="west Nile virus"> <meta name="dc.date.created" content=" "> <meta name="dc.date.modified" content=" "> <meta name="date.accessioned" content=" "> <meta name="dc.language" scheme="iso639-2" content="eng"> <meta name="dc.description" content="with the introduction and subsequent spread of West Nile (WN) virus in North America, it is possible that human disease due to WN virus will occur in Canada. However, the risk of being bitten by a WN virus-infected mosquito is low, as is the risk of serious health effects from the virus in a normally healthy person."> <meta name="keywords" content="west Nile virus, surveillance, birds, mosquitos, mosquito larvae, adulticides, larvicides"> 1) Are all of the six mandatory Dublin Core fields in UPSpace listed? Specify the elements lacking, if any. 2) What scheme has been used for DC subject headings?

56 3) What agency is noted as dc.creator? Do you think the hierarchy for the name authority is correct? 2 4) What if any element refinement (s) / qualifiers are used for the date element? 5) Are any elements repeated? Specify. 6) Are any other metadata fields (in addition to the six mandatory DC elements) included? Specify.

57 Exercise 2 3 Taking a closer look at metadata types Specify the metadata type for the following Dublin Core elements in the last column using the following abbreviations: D = Descriptive metadata S = Structural metadata A = Administrative metadata R = Rights management metadata P = Preservation metadata Title Metadata made simpler Creator/Author Hodge, Gail Subject Metadata Description Describes metadata standards and projects for librarians Publisher National Information Standards Organization (NISO) Date Type Text Format html Identifier Language eng Metadata type

58 Metadata Workshop 3 March 2006 Part 2 Submitting items to UPSpace using the Dublin Core Metadata Schema University of Pretoria Academic Information Service Amelia Breytenbach Ria Groenewald

59 Overview Submitting of an item in UPSpace Filling out information about the item on the metadata form Uploading the files Metadata and workflow Editing of metadata Default Item metadata templates for a collection

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101 Group discussion Thank you! University of Pretoria Academic Information Service

102 1 HELP PAGES SUBMIT top Stopping during the Submission Process: At any point in the submission process you can stop and save your work for a later date by clicking on the "cancel/save" button at the bottom of the page. The data you have already entered will be stored until you come back to the submission, and you will be reminded on your "My UPSpace" page that you have a submission in process. If somehow you accidentally exit from the submit process, you can always resume from your "My UPSpace" page. You can also cancel your submission at any point. Choose Collection Progress Bar - Oval Buttons at Top of Page: At the top of the submit pages you will find 7 oval buttons representing each step in the submission process. As you move through the process these ovals will change color. Once you have started you can also use these buttons to move back and forth within the submission process by clicking on them. You will not lose data by moving back and forth. Select Collection: Click on the arrow at the right of the drop-down box to see a list of Collections. Move your mouse to the collection into which you wish to add your item and click. (If you are denied permission to submit to the collection you choose, please contact your UPSpace Administrator for more information.) You must be authorized by a community to submit items to a collection. If you would like to submit an item to UPSpace, but don't see an appropriate community, please contact your UPSpace Administrator to find out how you can get your community set up in UPSpace. Click on the "next" button to proceed, or "cancel/save" button to stop and save or cancel your submission. SUBMIT: Describe Your Item - Page 1 top of submit top If you respond "yes" to any of the questions on this page, you will be presented with a modified input form tailored to capture extra information. Otherwise you will get the "regular" input form. * More than one title - Sometimes an item has more than one title, perhaps an abbreviation, acronym, or a title in another language. If this is the case, and you want this information captured, click in the "yes" box. * Previously issued - New items that have NOT been previously published or distributed will be assigned an issue date by the

103 2 system upon UPSpace distribution. If you are entering older items that have already been distributed or published, click in the "yes" box. You will receive a form prompting you for several pieces of information relating to publication. * Multiple files - An item can consist of more than one file in UPSpace. A common example of this would be an HTML file with references to image files (such as JPG or GIF files). Another example of this would be an article supplemented with a video simulation and a data file. If you are submitting more than one file for this item, click in the "yes" box. Click on the "next" button to proceed, or "cancel/save" button to stop and save or cancel your submission. SUBMIT: Describe Your Item - Page 2 top of submit top The information you fill in on these two screens will form the metadata record that will enable users to retrieve your item using search engines. The richer the metadata, the more "findable" your item will be, so please take the time to fill in as many fields as are applicable to your item. Author: This can be a person, organization or service responsible for creating or contributing to the content of the item. By clicking on the "Add More" button you can add as many authors as needed. Examples: If the author is an organization, use the last name input box for the organization name:

104 3 Title: Enter the full and proper name by which this item should be known. All UPSpace items must have a title! Other Title: (note - this input box appears only if you indicated on the first page that the item has more than one title.) If your item has a valid alternative title, for instance, a title in another language or an abbreviation, then enter it here. Example: Date of Issue: (note - this input box appears only if you indicated on the first page that the item has been previously published or distributed. If UPSpace is the first means of distribution of this item, a date will be assigned by the system when the item becomes a part of the repository.) If your item was previously published or made public, enter the date of that event here. If you don't know the month, leave the default "no month"; otherwise select a month from the drop-down box. If you don't know the exact day, leave that box empty. Publisher: (note - this input box appears only if you indicated on the first page that the item has been previously published or distributed.) Enter the name of the publisher of this item. Citation: (note - this input box appears only if you indicated on the first page that the item has been previously published or distributed.)

105 4 Enter citation information for this item if it was a journal article or part of a larger work, such as a book chapter. For journal articles, include the journal title, volume number, date and paging. For book chapters, include the book title, place of publication, publisher name, date and paging. Series/Report No.: Some of the collections in UPSpace are numbered series such as technical reports or working papers. If this collection falls into that category, then there should be a default value in the Series Name box which you should not change, but you will have to fill in the assigned number in the Report or Paper No. input box. Examples: Identifiers: If you know of a unique number or code that identifies this item in some system, please enter it here. Click on the arrow to the right of the input box, and select from one of the choices in the drop down menu. The choices refer to: Govt.doc # - Government Document Number - e.g. NASA SP 8084 ISBN - International Standard Book Number - e.g ISSN - International Standard Serial Number - e.g ISMN - International Standard Music Number - e.g. M URI - Universal Resource Identifier - e.g.. Other - An unique identifier assigned to the item using a system other than the above Type: Select the type of work (or genre) that best fits your item. To select more than one value in the list, you may have to hold down the "ctrl" or "shift" key.

106 5 Language: Select the language of the intellectual content of your item. If the default (English - United States) is not appropriate, click on the arrow on the right of the drop down box to see a list of languages commonly used for publications, e.g. If your item is not a text document and language is not applicable as description, then select the N/A choice. Click on the "next" button to proceed, or "cancel/save" button to stop and save or cancel your submission. SUBMIT: Describe Your Item - Page 3 top of submit top Subject/Keywords: Please enter as many subject keywords as are appropriate to describe this item, from the general to the specific. The more words you provide, the more likely it is that users will find this item in their searches. Use one input box for each subject word or phrase. You can get more input boxes by clicking on the "add more" button. Examples: Your community may suggest the use of a specific vocabulary, taxonomy, or thesaurus. If this is the case, please select your subject words from that list. Future versions of UPSpace will provide links to those lists. Abstract: You can either cut and paste an abstract into this box, or you can type in the abstract. There is no limit to the length of the abstract. We urge you to include an abstract for the convenience of end-users and to enhance search and retrieval capabilities. Sponsors: If your item is the product of sponsored research, you can provide information about the sponsor(s) here. This is a freeform field where you can enter any note you like. Example:

107 6 Description: Here you can enter any other information describing the item you are submitting or comments that may be of interest to users of the item. Click on the "next" button to proceed, or "cancel/save" button to stop and save or cancel your submission. SUBMIT: Upload a File top of submit top There are two methods of entering the name of the file you wish to upload:] 1. Type the full path and file name into the input box and then click on the "next" button in the lower right hand corner of the screen. 2. Click on the "browse" button and a window showing your files will appear. You can navigate through your directories and folders until you find the correct file to upload. Double-click on the file name you wish to upload, and the name will be entered into the input box. Note: If you are using the Netscape browser, the default file type will be set to "HTML files", so you may not see all of your files. Here is how to see all your files: o On Windows and Macintosh computers, the window initially looks like this: Click on the drop down arrow next to the "HTML Files" and select "All Files (*.*)":

108 7 o On UNIX systems, the window initially looks like this: Click to the right of the "*.html" in the top text box, and remove the ".html" with the backspace key, but leave the "*". Then, click on the "Filter" button at the bottom of the window. You will then see all of your files, like this:

109 8 Once the correct file name is in the input box, click on the "next" button to proceed. File Description If you specified at the beginning of the submit process that you had more than one file to upload for this item, you will see an input box marked "File Description". The information you provide here will help users to understand what information is in each file, for instance, "main article" or "images" or "computer program" or "data set". Enter file descriptions for each item, and click on the "next" button to proceed. SUBMIT: File Formats top of submit top To properly archive and give access to a file, we need to know what format it is, for example "PDF", "HTML", or "Microsoft Word". If the system does not automatically recognize the format of the file you have uploaded, you will be asked to describe it. If the format of the file appears in the list offered, click on it and then on "Submit". If you can't see the format in the list, click on "format not in list" and describe the format in the text box lower down on the page. Be sure to give the name of the application you used to create the file and the version of that application, for example "Autodesk AutoCAD R20 for UNIX". For more information about file formats, see UPSpace Supported Formats. Uploaded File After you have uploaded a file, check the information in the table to make sure it is correct. There are two further ways to verify that your files have been uploaded correctly: Click on the filename. This will download the file in a new browser window, so that you can check the contents. Compare the file checksum displayed here with the checksum you calculate.

110 9 If you're only uploading one file, click on "Next" when you're happy that the file has been uploaded correctly. If you're uploading more than one file, click on the "Add Another File" button (this will appear if you checked "The item consists of more than one file" on the "Submit: Describe Your Item" page). When you are satisfied that all files for this item have been successfully uploaded, click on the "Next" button. If you're uploading an HTML page with embedded files, click on the "Add Another File" button, and upload all files or bitstreams referenced in the html page. After all the are uploaded, in the column marked "Primary Bitstream", select the bitstream or file that is the index page or the top page for the web page. This will ensure that all of your embedded files will display properly on the HTML page. Then click on the "Next" button. Checksums UPSpace generates an MD5 checksum for every file it stores; we use this checksum internally to verify the integrity of files over time (a file's checksum shouldn't change). You can use this checksum to be sure what we've received is indeed the file you've uploaded. If you wish to verify the file using checksums, click "Show checksums" on the "Uploaded File" page. The UPSpace-generated MD5 checksum for every file we've received from you will show to the right of the filename. You will then need to use a local program to generate your own checksum for these files, and verify that your results match ours. On most UNIX-like systems (including Mac OS X), use md5sum. For instance, type "md5sum MYFILE" for every file you want to check; the summary should print on your screen. For Windows machines, MD5 tools are freely available: try md5 (from or md5sum, available via the textutils package in Cygwin ( All of these utilities will need to be run from a command-line, or terminal, window. The entire digest printed out when you run the md5 tool on your local copy of the file you're uploading should be exactly equal to what UPSpace reports. SUBMIT: Verify Submission top of submit top This page lets you review the information you have entered to describe the item. To correct or edit information, click on the corresponding button on the right, or use the oval buttons in the progress bar at the top of the page to move around the submission pages. When you are satisfied that the submission is in order, click on the "Next" button to continue. Click on the "Cancel/Save" button to stop and save your data, or to cancel your submission. SUBMIT: License top of submit top UPSpace requires agreement to this non-exclusive distribution license before your item can appear on UPSpace. Please read the license carefully. If you have any questions, please contact your UPSpace Administrator.

111 10 SUBMIT: Submission Complete top of submit top Now that your submission has been successfully entered into the UPSpace system, it will go through the workflow process designated for the collection to which you are submitting. Some collections require the submission to go through editing or review steps, while others may immediately accept the submission. You will receive notification as soon as your item has become a part of the collection, or if for some reason there is a problem with your submission. If you have questions about the workflow procedures for a particular collection, please contact the community responsible for the collection directly. You can check on the status of your submission by going to the My UPSpace page. HANDLES top When your item becomes a part of the UPSpace repository it is assigned a persistent URL. This means that, unlike most URLs, this identifier will not have to be changed when the system migrates to new hardware, or when changes are made to the system. UPSpace is committed to maintaining the integrity of this identifier so that you can safely use it to refer to your item when citing it in publications or other communications. Our persistent urls are registered with the Handle System, a comprehensive system for assigning, managing, and resolving persistent identifiers, known as "handles," for digital objects and other resources on the Internet. The Handle System is administered by the Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI), which undertakes, fosters, and promotes research in the public interest. MY UPSpace top If you are an authorized UPSpace submitter or supervisor, or if you are a staff member responsible for UPSpace collection or metadata maintenance, you will have a My UPSpace page. Here you will find: a list of your in-progress submissions - from this list you can resume the submission process where you left off, or you can remove the submission and cancel the item. a list of the submissions which you are supervising or collaborating on a list of submissions that are awaiting your action (if you have a collection workflow role). a link to a list of items that you have submitted and that have already been accepted into UPSpace. EDIT PROFILE top

112 11 SUBSCRIBE TO ALERTS top Users can subscribe to receive daily alerts of new items added to collections. Users may subscribe to as many collections as they wish. To subscribe: go to the UPSpace registration page by clicking on the sign-on link in the navigation bar on the left of the home page fill out the registration form navigate to a collection for which you would like to receive alerts, and click on the "subscribe" button (repeat for other collections) to edit your subscriptions, go to the "Subscribe" page. FOR FURTHER ASSISTANCE... top For help with using UPSpace and questions about your specific site, please contact your UPSpace Administrator. For general information and news about UPSpace, visit the UPSpace Website. Contents Browse Search Communities Collections Submit File Formats My UPSpace Edit Profile Subscribe to alerts

113 1 METADATA GLOSSARY Administrative metadata Application Profile Author or Creator Best Practices Classification Contributor Controlled Vocabulary Coverage Crosswalk Date Description Descriptive metadata Dublin Core Element Element Refinements or Qualifiers Embedded metadata Metadata used in managing and administering information resources. Includes rights and access information, data on the creation and preservation of the digital object. A set of metadata elements, policies, and guidelines defined for a particular application or domain. The Dublin Core element used to designate the entity primarily responsible for making the content of the resource. Guidelines and documentation to describe and standardize the use of metadata elements that best support a community's needs. A logical scheme for arrangement of knowledge, usually by subject. Classification schema are alpha and/or numeric; for example, Library of Congress Classification, Dewey Classification, Universal Decimal Classification. The Dublin Core element used to designate the entity responsible for making contributions to the content of the resource. An agreed-upon set of words and phrases used to complete metadata information. The Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) is an example of a controlled vocabulary. The Dublin Core element used to designate the extent or scope of the content of the resource. Coverage will typically include spatial location (a place name or geographic co-ordinates), temporal period (a period label, date, or date range) or jurisdiction (such as a named administrative entity). A semantic or technical mapping (sometimes both) of one metadata scheme to another metadata scheme. The Dublin Core element used to designate the date associated with an event in the life cycle of the resource. Typically, date will be associated with the creation or availability of the resource The Dublin Core element used to designate a textual description of the content of the resource. Metadata that supports the discovery of a digital object An international metadata standard for electronic resources. The standard has been designed for simplicity, extensibility and interoperability. There are 15 descriptive Dublin Core elements. A discrete unit of data or metadata. <dc.title> is an example of a Dublin Core metadata element. Element Refinements or qualifiers make the meaning of a metadata element narrower or more specific. Metadata that is maintained and stored within the object it describes; the opposite of stand-alone metadata

114 2 Encoding Schemes Format Harvest Identifier Information resource Interoperability Language Metadata Publisher RDF Relation Rights Source Standard Stand-alone metadata Structural metadata Encoding Schemes refer to a set of rules that have been applied in specifying the interpretation of an element value e.g. XML. The Dublin Core element used to designate the physical or digital manifestation of the resource. A system or software application providing a process for gathering, indexing and accessing metadata on a network or Web servers. The Dublin Core element that is an unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context. Any entity, electronic or otherwise, capable of conveying or supporting intelligence or knowledge; e.g. a book, a letter, a picture, a sculpture, a database, a person. The ability of different types of computers, networks, operating systems, and applications to work together effectively, without prior communication, in order to exchange information in a useful and meaningful manner. There are three aspects of interoperability: semantic, structural and syntactical. The Dublin Core element used to designate the language of the intellectual content of the resource Descriptive information (e.g. title, description, coverage, keywords) that can be used to describe, index and discover resources for particular user needs. The Dublin Core element used to designate the entity responsible for making the resource available. Examples of a publisher include a person, an organization, or a service. Resource Description Framework. RDF is a framework for describing Internet resources and how these resources relate to one another. RDF can be used to structure metadata in different application areas, e.g. resource discovery, content ratings and intellectual property. The Dublin Core element used to designate A reference to a related resource. The Dublin Core element used to provide a link to information about rights held in and over the resource. The Dublin Core element used to designate a reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived. The present resource may be derived from the Source resource in whole or part. Refers to a set of rules or a protocol that define how something will be done. Standards provide a common set of terminology and definitions for concepts and components related to metadata. Metadata that is created, maintained and stored independently of the object it describes. The opposite of embedded metadata. Structural metadata defines the digital object s internal organization and is needed for display and navigation of that object.

115 3 Subject Thesaurus Title Type URI XML The Dublin Core element used to designate the topic of the resource. The element may use controlled vocabularies or keywords or phrases that describe the subject or content of the resource A controlled vocabulary of terms or concepts that are structured hierarchically (parent/child relationships) or as equivalences (synonyms), and related terms (associative). The Dublin Core element used to designate the name given to the resource. Typically, a Title will be a name by which the resource is formally known. The Dublin Core element used to designate the nature or genre of the content of the resource. Type includes terms describing general categories, functions, genres, or aggregation levels for content. The syntax for all names/addresses that refer to resources on the World Wide Web. Extensible Markup Language. XML designed to deliver structured content over the web. XML can be used for tagging metadata. SOURCES: