Electronic Books. Lecture 6 Ing. Miloslav Nič Ph.D. letní semestr BI-XML Miloslav Nič, 2011

Transcription

1 Electronic Books Lecture 6 Ing. Miloslav Nič Ph.D. letní semestr BI-XML Miloslav Nič, 2011 Evropský sociální fond Praha & EU: Investujeme do vaší budoucnosti

2 E-book Wikipedia: An electronic book (also e-book, ebook, digital book) is a text and image-based publication in digital form produced on, published by, and readable on computers or other digital devices.

3 E-book formats TXT HTML collection PDF Kindle (based on Mobipocket) EPUB... and many more basd on similar principles

4 EPUB x PDF devnet/digitalpublishing/pdfs/epub_datasheet.pdf PDF: a fixed page - the publisher in complete control over page layout and presentation EPUB: text reflow according to screen size

5 International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF) a global trade and standards organization develops and maintains the EPUB content publication standard

6 EPUB a distribution and interchange format standard for digital publications and documents latest stable version EPUB EPUB 2 initially standardized in 2007 EPUB 3 in the process of being standardized (2011?)

7 Google and EPUB

8 Project Gutenberg

9 epub Readers see e.g. Some examples: Bookworm Calibre FB Reader Mobipocket Stanza...

10 epub and Kindle not direct support at this moment several converters available

11 Bookworm.oreilly.com

12 FBReader my favourite reader (both Linux and Android in my case; installers for other versions - e.g. Windows, Mac also exists)

13 EPUB Standards Open Publication Structure (OPS) book content in XHTML or DTBook Open Packaging Format (OPF) book structure and metadata Open Container Format (OCF) book file structure and compression to a single file

14 Open Publication Structure (OPS) XML files Namespaces: XHTML: DAISY: OPS:

15 XHTML XHTML 1.1; only some modules are included a selection of supported elements: html, head, title, body abbr, acronym, address, blockquote, br, cite, code, dfn, div, em, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, kbd, p, pre, q, samp, span, strong, var, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li, sub, sup a, img, caption, col, colgroup, table, tbody, td, tfoot, th, thead, tr

16 CSS a subset of CSS 2 supported must be supplied with the book (not via web) E-Book readers are very variable (screen size, graphic capabilities) CSS styleshets very usefull

17 of <img> required core media types support of which is required: image/gif image/jpeg image/png image/svg+xml

18 DTBook (Digital Talking Book) an XML vocabulary defined in ANSI/NISO Z Standard ( recommended for more advanced applications (e.g. educatonal books) supports footnotes, sidebars, annotations, page numbers, etc.

19 DTBook features hierarchical navigation sequential reading with choices (e.g. skip footnotes) specific reading methods for different components (e.g. tables) time synchronization via SMIL

20 Navigation Control File (NCX) exposes the hierarchical structure of a book

21 Open Packaging Format (OPF) describes and references all components of the electronic publication (e.g. markup files, images, navigation structures) provides publication-level metadata specifies the linear reading-order of the publication provides fallback information to use when unsupported extensions to OPS are employed provides a mechanism to specify a declarative global navigation structure (the NCX)

22 OPF File Structure Package: Metadata Manifest Spine Guide

23 <package> root element of OPF package Attributes: xmlns= version = 2.0 unique-identifier = an-unique-id primary book identifier selected from a collection of Dublin core identifier elements in <metadata> if not world-wide unique it may cause problems in libraries and catalogues

24 <metadata> a required child of <package> its children either elements from Dublin core namespace and/or <meta> elements with same syntax as XHTML

25 <dc:elements> Dublin core: Elements: contributor, coverage, creator, date, description, format, identifier, language, publisher, relation, rights, source, subject, title, type e.g.: <dc:title>a book</dc:title> <dc:identifier>uhf-232-dsds</dc:identifier>

26 <dc:identifier> at least one <identifier> with must be present inside <metadata> the value of attribute must be equal to of <package> element content of the <identifier> element with is used to uniquely identify the book in libraries and catalogues

27 <manifest> the next required child of <package> provides a list of all the files that are part of the publication (xhtml, css, images, ) each file listed in a child <item> each file must be given precisely once but the order of files is not significant

28 <item> child of <manifest> Attributes, relative paths interpreted relative to the location of OPF file containing the Optional provides of another item to be used if this is not supported

29 <spine> the next required element collects main ebook pages contains one or more <itemref> elements <itemref of <spine> anid of a <manifest>/<item> contains a value of an <item> which provides a content for ebook, usually in NCX format

30 Open Container Format (OCF) a general-purpose container technology collects a related set of files into a singlefile container the required format for a file containing an EPUB book a ZIP archive

31 OCF file structure File mimetype Directory META-INF with files: container.xml (required) manifest.xml metadata.xml signatures.xml encryption.xml rights.xml Directory OEBPS with EPUB files (which may be in subdirectories) Other directories, e.g. PDF for alternative book versions

32 file: mimetype in the root of ZIP archive it must be the first file in the archive must contain text: application/epub+zip make sure there are no whitespaces around this text simplifies automatic recognition of the archive

33 container.xml in directory META-INF format: <container version="1.0" xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:container"> <rootfiles> <rootfile full-path="oebps/an_opf_file.opf" </rootfiles> </container> media-type="application/oebps-package+xml" />

34 EPUB overview.html 4 specifications: EPUB Publications 3.0 EPUB Content Documents 3.0 EPUB Open Container Format (OCF) 3.0 EPUB Media Overlays 3.0 in draft stage

35 Some changes from v.2 HTML5 syntax (DTBook no longer an alternative syntax to XHTML) NCX superseded by EPUB Navigation Document (uses <nav> from HTML5) text-to-speech facilities multimedia support (via HTML5 <audio> and <video>)

36 EPUB Media Overlays 3.0 defines a usage of SMIL a simplified subset of SMIL 3.0 that allow sequencing of clips <par>