Forms 4/3/2018. Two way communication. Sending Data from Client to Server. One way communication:

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Forms 4/3/2018. Two way communication. Sending Data from Client to Server. One way communication:"

Darcy Wade
5 years ago
Views:

1 Forms Introduction to Web Design and Development CSCI 1710 Two way communication One way communication: So far we have created HTML5 that the server sends to the client for display in a browser Two way communication: How can the client send information back to the server? Supplying name, address, and payment information for an online purchase. Adding your name to a online guestbook Sending Data from Client to Server A form is used to collect data from the client for transmission Form gathers all the information and submits it as a single "bundle" of information Different types of form fields exist to permit collecting different types of information 1

2 Sending Data from Client to Server When a form is submitted, it must be processed by the server using a program called a server-side script. The program processes the information and replies in a fashion dictated by its programming Creating a form Form Tag <form> </form> All items in the form must be contained in a form element There is only one set of <form> tags containing all the fields rather than a form tag around each item Creating a form Required form attributes: action--specifies the URL that is to receive the transmitted information method--specified the method to be used for transferring the information <form action="myprog.php" method="post"> 2

3 Method For the attribute method, we have two possibilities: get The value get sends form data as a part of the URL It is added as a variable/value pair at the end of the URL after the question mark: Multiple variable/value pairs are separated by the ampersand symbol in the URL: Method For the attribute method, we have two possibilities: post Sends the data to the server in a manner that is not visible to the end user Get vs Post When should we use the value get? When should we use the value post? 3

4 Get vs Post When should we use the value get? When we would like the user to be able to bookmark the link so that they can return to that exact page without submitting the form. When the data is not sensitive data When should we use the value post? Get vs Post When should we use the value get? When we would like the user to be able to bookmark the link so that they can return to that exact page without submitting the form. When the data is not sensitive data When should we use the value post? When the data is sensitive data (social security number, username/password, credit card information, etc) Basic Form Example (Search Google) <body> <form method= get action= > <input type="text" name="q"> <input type="submit" name= submit > </form> </body> 4

5 Form Fields Single line textbox Password textbox Date Selector Address Hidden Fields Number Field URL Field File Selector Datalists Checkboxes Radio Button Submit Button Reset Button Multiple line textbox Select List *Today s lecture / example Input tag The <input> tag is used to create various fields that appear on a form The input tag is an inline, standalone tag Input tag Two critical attributes: name the attribute name is what is needed in order to reference the field once the form has been submitted type the attribute type identifies which input field is being created (textbox, password, checkbox, radio button, etc) 5

Input tag Example: <form method= get action= https://www.google.com/search.

6 Input tag Example: <form method= get action= > <input type="text" name="q"> <input type="submit" name= submit > </form> Single Line Textbox <input type= text name= firstname > By default there is no label to direct users on what to input We must add the descriptive text to instruct users: First Name: <input type= text name= firstname > Single Line Textbox Attributes: value value allows you to assign a default value to the field If the form is submitted without being changed by the end user, this value will be submitted placeholder this shows text in the box. Once the user begins typing in the field, the words are removed 6

7 Single Line Textbox Attributes: size specifies the size of the box, in number of characters maxlength specifies the maximum number of characters disabled specifies if the input element is visible, but the end user is not allowed to fill out the box Single Line Textbox Attributes: autofocus specifies the element on the page that should receive focus when the form loads required specifies that the field must be completed before the form can be submitted Single Line Textbox Example: <input type= text name= firstname placeholder= First Name size= 20 maxlength= 30 autofocus required> 7

8 Password <input type= password name= password > The password field works the same as the textbox field and can utilize the same attributes The difference between the two is that the password field masks the user input Password <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="password" size="20" maxlength="30" required> Checkboxes <input type= checkbox name= sauce value= yes > The checkbox allows a user to select 0, 1, or many options With a checkbox, the name/value pair is only submitted if the end user selects the checkbox Attribute: checked this will ensure that the box is checked by default 8

Checkboxes Example: <input type="checkbox" name="sauce" value="yes" checked><br> <input type="checkbox" name="pepperoni" value="yes" checked><br> <input type="checkbox" name="anchovies"

9 Checkboxes Example: <input type="checkbox" name="sauce" value="yes" checked><br> <input type="checkbox" name="pepperoni" value="yes" checked><br> <input type="checkbox" name="anchovies" value="yes"><br> Checkboxes Example: <input type="checkbox" name="sauce" value="yes" checked> Sauce<br> <input type="checkbox" name="pepperoni" value="yes" checked> Pepperoni<br> <input type="checkbox" name="anchovies" value="yes"> Anchovies<br> However, if you click on the word, you cannot select the checkbox Checkboxes Example: <input type="checkbox" name="sauce" id="sauce" value="yes" checked> <label for="sauce">sauce</label><br> <input type="checkbox" name="pepperoni" id="pepperoni" value="yes" checked> <label for="pepperoni">pepperoni</label><br> <input type="checkbox" name="anchovies" id="anchovies" value="yes"> <label for="anchovies">anchoives</label><br> Now, a user can click on the words associated with the checkbox -> The for= attribute/value pair corresponds to the id= a/v pair in the input element 9

10 Radio Buttons <input type= radio name= gender value= male > Radio buttons work in the same manner as checkboxes with one major difference, with radio buttons you can only select one option out of a grouping In order to group, the attribute name must be the same for each option in the group Radio Buttons Example: <input type="radio" name="gender" value="male" id="gendermale"> <label for="gendermale">male</label><br> <input type="radio" name="gender" value="female" id="genderfemale" checked> <label for="genderfemale">female</label><br> Radio Buttons Often, we want to display radio buttons or checkbox groups together We can do this with the fieldset element <fieldset> <legend>gender</legend> <input type="radio" name="gender" value= male" id= male"> <input type="radio" name="gender" value="female" id= female"> </fieldset><br> 10

11 Submit and Reset Submit <input type= submit > Reset - <input type= reset > The submit button allows the user to submit the field for processing. The location is determined by the attribute action in the <form> tag. The reset button allows the user to clear out any user input and reset the field to the default values assigned for each field. Attribute: The attribute value can be utilized to change the text that appears on the button Submit and Reset Example: <input type= submit ><input type= reset > <input type= submit value= Submit Form > <input type= reset value= Reset Form > Multiple Line Textbox <textarea name= bio ></textarea> The <textarea> element allows for the creation of a multiline text area If you want a default value associated with the textarea, place that text between the opening and closing of the tag 11

12 Multiple Line Textbox Attributes: cols specifies the visible width of the text area maxlength specifies the maximum number of characters rows specifies the number of visible rows of text readonly specifies that the text area cannot be changed Multiple Line Textbox Example: Biography<br> <textarea cols="50" maxlength="600" rows="10" placeholder="please provide a short biography"></textarea> Select List A select list is a drop down (or scrollable) list of predefined options that a user can select <select name= state > </select> 12

Select List For each option presented to the end user, you must use the <option> <option> tag <select name= state > <option value= TN >TN</option> <option value= VA >VA</option> </select> The text

13 Select List For each option presented to the end user, you must use the <option> <option> tag <select name= state > <option value= TN >TN</option> <option value= VA >VA</option> </select> The text between the opening and closing of the option tag is the text that is visible to the end user The value associated with the selected option is what is submitted Select List Attributes for select tag disabled specifies that the drop-down list is visible but the user cannot select from the list size specifies the number of visible options multiple specifies that a user can select multiple options from the list Attributes for option tag selected specifies the selected element by default when the page loads Select List Example <select name= state > <option value= GA >Georgia</option> <option value= KY >Kentucky</option> <option value= NC >North Carolina</option> <option value= TN selected>tennessee</option> <option value= VA >Virginia</option> </select> 13

14 Questions? Some Final Thoughts CSS Uniformity Across Browsers 14

15 Web Design Frustrations One of the biggest frustrations in Web Design is browsers Browsers will display HTML/CSS in different manners, making it difficult for the same uniform look across browsers Two possible solutions: Creating CSS files specific for the various browsers Utilizing CSS to equalize the display Creating Unique CSS   <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="not-ie.css" />  Not the most desired option Not supported in IE10 and up However, it does allow you to target specific version of IE Normalize.css Normalize.css is a small CSS file that provides better cross-browser consistency in the default styling of HTML elements (Gallagher 2012) Utilized by sites such at Twitter, Bootstrap, TweetDeck, etc Download: 15

16 Normalize.css Sample from the.css file: Mobile Design Mobile Technology 77% of American Adults have a smartphone* While texting, talking, ing and going online dominate, a majority of Americans also use their smartphones for social networking, taking photos or videos, and catching up with the news How does your website compare? Is it mobile ready? * 16

Mobile Technology vs Mobile Design Options Three basic options: Create

17 Mobile Technology vs Mobile Design Options Three basic options: Create a second site just for mobile users: Recognize the device that is viewing the screen, and change CSS files: CNN: for desktop for mobile Utilize Responsive Design Responsive Design Responsive Design does not change the CSS or the entire page, rather it scales the page to meet viewing window 17

18 Frameworks What are CSS Frameworks An CSS framework is a way to create dynamic web sites or web applications in a very quick manner Provides a quick and easy method to create beautiful websites, standardizing components that are needed Some examples: Foundation - HTML KickStart - HTML5 Boilerplate Bootstrap Bootstrap Bootstrap was originally created by team members from Twitter One of the most popular HTML/Front-End Frameworks with a massive user community Responsive Design built in FREE :-) 18

19 Sources Gallagher, N. (Feb 2012). About Normalize.css, NicholasGallagher.com, Retrieved from Gestalt Principles: How Are Your Designs Perceived?, VanseoDesign, Retrieved from Levin, J. (Mar 2005). Gestalt Principles and Web Design, University of California San Diego, Retrieved from Mobile Technology Fact Sheet, Pew Research Internet Project, Retrieved from HTML Reference, W3Schools, Retrieved from HTML Forms and Input, W3Schools, Retrieved from Stephen Hendrix, ETSU Department of Computing Copyrights Presentation prepared by and copyright of John Ramsey, East Tennessee State University, Department of Computing. Microsoft, Windows, Excel, Outlook, and PowerPoint are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. IBM, DB2, DB2 Universal Database, System i, System i5, System p, System p5, System x, System z, System z10, System z9, z10, z9, iseries, pseries, xseries, zseries, eserver, z/vm, z/os, i5/os, S/390, OS/390, OS/400, AS/400, S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server, PowerVM, Power Architecture, POWER6+, POWER6, POWER5+, POWER5, POWER, OpenPower, PowerPC, BatchPipes, BladeCenter, System Storage, GPFS, HACMP, RETAIN, DB2 Connect, RACF, Redbooks, OS/2, Parallel Sysplex, MVS/ESA, AIX, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere, Netfinity, Tivoli and Informix are trademarks or registered trademarks of IBM Corporation. Linux is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation. HTML, XML, XHTML and W3C are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C, World Wide Web Consortium, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. JavaScript is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license for technology invented and implemented by Netscape. SAP, R/3, SAP NetWeaver, Duet, PartnerEdge, ByDesign, SAP Business ByDesign, and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and other countries. Business Objects and the Business Objects logo, BusinessObjects, Crystal Reports, Crystal Decisions, Web Intelligence, Xcelsius, and other Business Objects products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Business Objects S.A. in the United States and in other countries. Business Objects is an SAP company. ERPsim is a registered copyright of ERPsim Labs, HEC Montreal. Other products mentioned in this presentation are trademarks of their respective owners. 19

Custom Fonts / Setting up a Domain

Custom Fonts / Setting up a Domain Fonts One catch to the font-family property The display font must be present on the client machine to work This is why we ve been specifying a fallback font when we use