DCT-7088 Portable Digital Correlation Transit Time Ultrasonic Flowmeter

Transcription

1 Chapter June 1998 DCT-7088 Portable Digital Correlation Transit Time Ultrasonic Flowmeter Software Version 3.23 POLYSONICS -1

2 INSTRUCTION MANUAL DCT-7088 PORTABLE DIGITAL CORRELATION TRANSIT TIME FLOWMETER Notice This manual is designed to promote personal and system safety and to optimize product performance. It should be read carefully before installing, using, or maintaining the flowmeter. If a problem occurs that is not resolved in the manual, refer to Chapter 7 for more information on additional service and support. USA Peek Measurement, Inc Landsbury, Suite 300 Houston, Texas USA Telephone: (713) Facsimile: (713) Europe Peek Measurement, Ltd. King's Worthy Winchester, Hampshire SO23 7QA UK Telephone: (01962) Facsimile: (01962) Publication Number Peek Measurement Inc. 6/98 Printed in the U.S.A. POLYSONICS -2

3 Table of Contents DCT-7088 Portable Digital Correlation Transit Time Ultrasonic Flowmeter CHAPTER 1: PRODUCT OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION THEORY OF OPERATION TRANSIT TIME ACCURACY OPERATING THE FLOWMETER RS232 PORT POWER FUSES EXTERNAL FEATURES SOFTWARE UPGRADES STANDARD CONFIGURATION AND OPTIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS CHAPTER 2: SYSTEM COMPONENTS BREAKOUT BOX COMPONENTS BATTERY CHARGER/AC ADAPTER PRINTER SLIDE TRACK CURRENT LOOP WIRING AND CURRENT LOOP POWERING OPTION

4 CHAPTER 3: CONFIGURING AND OPERATING THE FLOWMETER KEYPAD AND DISPLAY KEYPAD AND DISPLAY COMPONENTS DISPLAY CONTRAST AND BACKLIGHT DIRECT MENU ACCESS ACCESSING THE MENUS BY SCROLLING SCROLLING THROUGH THE MAIN MENU AND SUB-MENUS SCROLLING THROUGH PRIMARY DISPLAYS, SETUP MENUS, AND DIAGNOSTIC MENUS ENTERING DATA IN THE SETUP MENUS QUICK SETUP PRIMARY DISPLAYS, SETUP MENUS, AND DIAGNOSTIC MENUS PRIMARY DISPLAYS PIPE SETUP MENUS LINER SETUP MENUS FLUID SETUP MENUS TRANSDUCER SETUP MENUS FLOW SETUP MENUS TOTALIZER SETUP MENUS OPTIONS SETUP MENUS CALIBRATION SETUP MENUS CURRENT LOOP SETUP MENUS ALARMS SETUP MENUS DATA LOG SETUP MENUS DIAGNOSTICS DISPLAY MENUS PRINT SETUP AND PRINT COMMANDS MASTER ERASE FUNCTION AND EMERGENCY OVERRIDE PASSWORDS EMERGENCY OVERRIDE PASSWORDS MASTER ERASE FUNCTION CHAPTER 4: INSTALLING THE TRANSDUCERS MEASUREMENT SITE SELECTION SPACING AND MOUNTING THE TRANSDUCERS USING THE SLIDE TRACK ALIGNING THE TRANSDUCERS

5 4.4 TRANSDUCER MOUNTING METHODS V METHOD W METHOD Z METHOD HIGH TEMPERATURE TRANSDUCER BLOCKS SONIC COUPLING COMPOUND NYLON (CLOTH) TIE-DOWN STRAPS CHAPTER 5: CALIBRATION ZERO SET CALIBRATION PRELIMINARY STEPS FOR ZERO SET CALIBRATIONS ZERO FLOW SET METHOD MANUAL ZERO SET SCALE FACTOR CALIBRATION SCALE FACTOR PRECAUTIONS CHANGING THE SCALE FACTOR CHAPTER 6: CONFIGURING THE CURRENT LOOP CHAPTER 7: SERVICE SUPPORT AND WARRANTY RESOLVING THE PROBLEM LOCAL REPRESENTATIVE SUPPORT CONTACTING POLYSONICS BY PHONE FACTORY SERVICE FIELD SERVICE WARRANTY

6 APPENDIX A: POLYLINK FLOWMETER DATA LINK UTILITY...A-1 A.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS... A-2 A.1.1 PLANTCOM AND PLANTCOM PLUS...A-2 A.2 INSTALLING AND RUNNING POLYLINK... A-3 A.2.1 RUNNING POLYLINK FROM AN IBM-COMPATIBLE PC...A-3 A.2.2 RUNNING POLYLINK FROM A DDF A-6 A.3 REMOTE MONITORING AND CONFIGURING (VT100 MODE)... A-8 A.3.1 DIAGNOSTIC DISPLAY MODE...A-8 A.4 RS232 SETUP... A-10 A.5 DATA LOGGER... A-11 A.5.1 TRANSFERRING A DATA LOG FILE...A-12 A.5.2 VIEWING A DATA LOG FILE IN STRIP CHART FORMAT...A-12 A.5.3 DELETING A DATA LOG FILE...A-13 A.6 UPLOADING SOFTWARE ON THE DDF4088 AND DDF A-13 A.6.1 UPGRADING THE FLOWMETER SOFTWARE WITH POLYLINK...A-14 A.6.2 INITIAL UPGRADES OF THE DDF4088 (NON-POLYLINK UPGRADE)...A-17 A.6.3 ENTERING THE SERIAL NUMBER FOR DDF4088 UPGRADES...A-22 A.7 GRAPHICAL SIGNAL ANALYSIS FOR THE DDF4088 AND DDF A-22 APPENDIX B: PIPE SCHEDULES...B-1 APPENDIX C: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPECIFIC GRAVITY, VISCOSITY, AND SOUND VELOCITY FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS...C-1 APPENDIX D: FLUID SOUND VELOCITIES AND KINEMATIC VISCOSITIES...D-1 APPENDIX E: GLOSSARY...E-1-6

7 APPENDIX F: CONFIGURING THE DCT SERIES FLOWMETER WITH TimeGATE...F-1 F.1 THE TimeGATE ENVIRONMENT...F-1 F.1.1 DEFINITIONS... F-1 F.1.2 MOUSE OPERATION... F-4 F.1.3 KEYBOARD OPERATION... F-4 F.2 INSTALLING TimeGATE...F-4 F.3 RUNNING TimeGATE...F-5 F.4 CONFIGURING THE FLOWMETER...F-6 F.4.1 PIPE OPTION GROUP... F-9 F.4.2 LINER OPTION GROUP... F-11 F.4.3 FLUID OPTION GROUP... F-13 F.4.4 TRANSDUCER OPTION GROUP... F-14 F.4.5 CALIBRATION OPTION GROUP... F-15 F.4.6 FLOW OPTION GROUP... F-19 F.4.7 TOTALIZER OPTION GROUP... F-22 F ma CURRENT LOOP OPTION GROUP... F-24 F.4.9 RELAYS OPTION GROUP... F-27 F.4.10 OPTIONS GROUP... F-29 F.4.11 DISPLAY OPTION GROUP... F-30 F.5 VIEWING THE FLOW DATA IN THE GRAPH TAB...F-31 F.6 RS232 COMMUNICATIONS...F-34 F.6.1 WHEN TimeGATE CANNOT CONNECT... F-34 F.6.2 CHANGING THE BAUD RATE ON THE FLOWMETER... F-35 F.6.3 RUNNING TimeGATE IN AN OFFLINE SESSION... F-36 F.6.4 COMMUNICATIONS TEST MESSAGE... F-36 F.7 MANUFACTURING DATA...F-37 F.8 MASTER ERASE FUNCTION...F-38 F.9 UPGRADING THE FLOWMETER SOFTWARE...F-40-7

8 PRODUCT OVERVIEW 1.1 Introduction The DCT-7088 Digital Correlation Transit Time Flowmeter is a member of the Polysonics series of Tyme Flyte ultrasonic instruments. This microprocessor-based instrument is used to measure the flow of clean, homogeneous liquids (liquids without large concentrations of suspended particles or gasses such as air bubbles.) The flowmeter is non-invasive, which means that it measures flow from outside the pipe. Its transducers can be mounted to a pipe within a matter of minutes, and flow measurements may be made without stopping the flow or physically contacting it in any way. The flowmeter is configured using an integrated keypad and display for entering variables such as pipe size, material, wall thickness, and fluid type (Chapter 3). The flowmeter displays the flow rate and the totalized volume is either English or metric engineering units. In addition, it can be remotely configured and monitored via the RS232 interface mode using the PolyLink flowmeter data link utility (Appendix A). Alternatively, the flowmeter can be configured and the signal can be graphically analyzed in a Microsoft Windows environment using the Polysonics TimeGATE utility (Appendix F). 1.2 Theory of Operation Sound waves travel in fluids at a specific velocity depending on the type of fluid. If the fluid is moving, the sound wave travels at a velocity equal to the sum of the speed of sound in the fluid and the velocity of the fluid itself. A sound wave traveling in the same direction as the fluid flow (downstream) will arrive sooner than a sound wave traveling against the flow (upstream). The DCT-7088 transit time flowmeter operates by measuring the difference in time required for sound waves to travel between externally mounted downstream and upstream transducers (Figure 1-1). Based on the transit time of the two sound waves, the flowmeter calculates the average fluid velocity. Several variables must be taken into consideration, however. The overall velocity of the fluid is actually made up of many individual local velocities that vary according to their distance from the pipe wall. The velocities in the center of the pipe are higher than the velocities near the pipe wall. The combination of these individual velocities for a specific type of fluid within a specific pipe yield a velocity distribution known as the flow profile (Figure 1-2). By properly configuring the flowmeter, the effects of the flow profile are taken into consideration when calculating the mean fluid velocity. The flowmeter then multiplies this velocity by the pipe s cross-sectional area to obtain volumetric flow. -8

9 Figure 1-1 Typical Transit Time System Figure 1-2 Flow Profiles -9

10 1.3 Transit Time Accuracy Non-invasive ultrasonic measurements are subject to a variety of effects that can influence measurement accuracy. All ultrasonic instruments are velocity measuring devices and only infer volumetric flow from the operator entered parameter of pipe inside diameter (ID). As this value is squared to get cross-sectional area, a 1% error yields a 2% error in volumetric flow. In practice, commercially fabricated pipe seldom has ID consistency much tighter than 1% and, unless the pipe to be measured has been miked recently, this uncertainty is not reducible through instrument calibration. The more sophisticated transit time flowmeters incorporate flow profile corrections to compensate for the pipe's cross-sectional velocity profile with changing Reynolds number. This requires, however, that the roughness of the inside of the pipe to be measured is known. The instrument may well infer a roughness if none is entered by the operator, but that is only a guess based on the characteristics of new pipe. Pipes can, of course, accumulate deposits which may not only reduce the ID, but affect the roughness as well. Errors on the order of 2% as a result of this phenomenon are not uncommon. While other factors may influence instrument accuracy to a lesser extent, the issues described above are the major elements of the pipe dependency of absolute instrument accuracy. While calibration on a reference flow loop under known conditions is a useful exercise to determine the accuracy potential of an instrument, it is not a guarantee of absolute accuracy on different pipes under field conditions. 1.4 Operating the Flowmeter The flowmeter must be configured and the transducers must be properly spaced and installed in order for the flowmeter to detect ultrasonic signals and measure flow. The flowmeter can be quickly set up for operation by following the minimal steps listed in the Quick Setup procedure (Section 3.5). The flowmeter should also be calibrated for the specific site if accuracy at very low flow rates is important (Chapter 5) RS232 PORT The flowmeter can be configured and monitored locally with the integrated keypad and display or remotely through the RS232 port. RS232 communications with the flowmeter requires an IBM-compatible PC and the PolyLink or TimeGATE flowmeter utilities. In addition to remote monitoring and configuring functions, PolyLink allows data log files to be transferred to the PC. These files can then be imported into a word processor, a spreadsheet, or simply printed out. Refer to Appendix A for more information on PolyLink and to Appendix F for more information on TimeGATE. -10

11 1.5 Power The DCT-7088 is a DC powered instrument that normally operates from an internal 12 volt battery supplied with the unit. It may also be powered by one of the following sources which connect to the volt DC input on the breakout box:! Battery charger/ac adapter (converts a 90 to 264 volt AC, 50/60 Hertz, 15 watt input to a 15 volt DC output)! Automobile cigarette lighter adapter (provides a 12 volt DC output from an automobile cigarette lighter jack) If the battery charger/ac adapter is connected, it simultaneously powers the flowmeter and recharges (or maintains the charge) on the internal battery. The battery charges at a slower rate when the battery charger/ac adapter is used to both power the unit and charge the battery. For more information on the breakout box, refer to Section FUSES The design of the flowmeter includes the following 3-ampere fuses:! One located on the front panel of the flowmeter in the upper right corner (Figure 1-3) to protect against overcurrent or short circuits from the internal battery! One located in the breakout box to protect against overcurrent from the output of the battery charger/ac adapter The fuse inside the breakout box is accessible by removing the four screws securing its cover. Power should be disconnected prior to replacing any fuse. -11

12 Figure 1-3 External Features of the DCT

13 1.6 External Features The following is a description of the external features of the DCT-7088 (Figure 1-3): Printer Port The printer port provides an output for the optional external thermal printer for printing flow data, diagnostic messages, etc. The printer port connects to a special printer cable which has a 3-pin round connector on the flowmeter end and a DB9 connector on the printer end. For more information on the printer, refer to Section ON/OFF Keys The flowmeter is turned on or off by pressing these keys. Battery Low Light If the flowmeter is not connected to the battery charger/ac adapter, the red Battery Low light comes on after approximately 7 or 14 hours of operation depending upon the size of the internal battery. To protect the battery from excessive discharging, the flowmeter automatically shuts down after approximately one additional hour. The battery must then be recharged. Charging Light The yellow Charging light indicates when the battery is charging. (The flowmeter must be connected to the battery charger/ac Adapter.) The battery charges at a slower rate when the flowmeter is in operation. The battery cannot be overcharged. Instrument On Light The green Instrument On light comes on whenever the flowmeter is on (after the ON key is pressed). Fuse The 3 ampere, 250 volt fuse located on the front panel protects the flowmeter from battery overcurrent and short circuits. Another fuse with the same rating is located in the breakout box (Section 1.5.1). -13

14 Display The display is a 40-character liquid crystal display (LCD). All messages, menu data, and alarms are shown on the display. It is readable in direct sunlight and has a backlight for viewing in low-light conditions. In addition, the contrast is adjustable. The backlight remains on for approximately 2 minutes after the last key is pressed, then turns off to conserve battery power. Refer to Section 3.1 for more information on the display. Keypad The flowmeter has a pressure-sensitive membrane keypad, which is used to access menus, enter configuration parameters, and control the functions of the flowmeter. Refer to Section 3.1 for more information on the keypad. Downstream Transducer Connector and Upstream Transducer Connector There are two BNC connectors located on the right side of the flowmeter that connect to the upstream and downstream transducer cables. When viewing the case in the normal opened position (Figure 1-3), the upstream connector is in the upper position and the downstream connector is beneath it. Breakout Box Interface Connector The breakout box interface connector connects the flowmeter to the breakout box. The breakout box provides a variety of functions including connecting DC voltage from the battery charger/ac adapter to the flowmeter to charge the battery. Refer to Section 2.1 for more information on the breakout box functions. 1.7 Software Upgrades The flowmeter can be upgraded in the field by downloading new software into its FLASH memory (Appendices A and F). The software version number that is installed in the flowmeter is displayed in Menu 94. Contact the local Polysonics representative or the factory to determine the current version available. Software updates are provided either by notification from the factory or at the request of the user. -14

15 1.8. Standard Configuration and Options The standard configuration and options for the DCT-7088 flowmeter are designated by the model code numbers listed in Table 1-1. For example, the model code DCT B 16A describes a flowmeter with the following options:! 8-hour battery! Windows 95 version of the TimeGATE configuration and analysis program! 16 feet of transducer cable Description Table 1-1 DCT-7088 Flowmeter Standard Configuration and Options Portable Digital Correlation Transit Time Flowmeter 1 TimeGATE Configuration and Analysis Program 1! Windows 3.11 version 2! Windows 95 version Battery Duration! 8 hours 1! 16 hours Transducer Cable Length! 16 ft (5 m) 1 Model Code Number DCT A! Additional cable length 3 XXXA Additional Options! Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge (UTG), English units! Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge (UTG), Metric units! Thermal printer kit! High temperature transducer block 4 A B / / Standard items. 2 The Windows 3.11 version of TimeGATE is compatibles with Windows versions 3.1 and higher. 3 Additional cable is available in increments of 10 feet to a maximum length of 1,000 feet. 4 High temperature transducer blocks allow transducer mounting with pipe skin temperatures of -40 to +470 F (-40 to +243 C). -15

16 1.9 Technical Specifications Table 1-2 lists the physical, performance, and functional specifications of the DCT-7088: Table 1-2 DCT-7088 Flowmeter Specifications Performance specifications 1 Flow range ±0 to 50 FPS (±0 to 15 MPS). Accuracy ±0.5% of velocity or ±0.05 FPS ( MPS), typical on a calibrated system/digital output Sensitivity FPS (0.3 mm per sec) at any flow rate including zero. Linearity 0.1% of scale, digital output Pipe size 1 to 200 in (25 mm to 5 m). Fluid Homogeneous liquids without gas bubbles. Functional specifications Outputs! 4 to 20 ma (into 1,000 ohms), 12 bit, isolated.! RS232 serial interface. Power supply Built-in lead acid gel battery, providing:! 8 hours continuous operation (standard).! 16 hours continuous operation (optional). Keypad 19-key with tactile action. Display 40-character, 2-line, alphanumeric, backlit LCD. Screens include present and total flow, velocity, signal strength, and delta T. Data logger " 65,000 data points, time stamped. Programmable in 1-second intervals. Temperature 2 Instrument: -5 to +140 F (-20 to +60 C). Transducers:! -40 to +300 F (-40 to +150 C), standard. Physical specifications Transmitter Transducers Transmitter weight! -40 to +470 F (-40 to +243 C, when using optional hightemperature transducer blocks. NEMA 6 (IP67), waterproof against accidental immersion and splashproof with lid open. Encapsulated design. Standard cable length: 16 ft (5 m). Approximately 11 lbs (4.9 kg) with standard 8-hour battery. Approximately 15 lbs (6.8 kg) with optional 16-hour battery. 1 Performance specifications are established under reference conditions. 2 Consult factory for higher operating temperatures than those listed. -16

17 SYSTEM COMPONENTS 2.1 Breakout Box Components The breakout box components are illustrated in Figure 2-1. The breakout box connects the flowmeter through the 7-pin circular breakout box connector. The breakout box provides an interface for the following connections:! 15 volt DC power input from the battery charger/ac adapter (Section 1.5)! 6 volt DC output cable for charging the printer battery (Section 2.1.2)! RS232 serial port for transferring data log files, for providing connection to a remote terminal, and for other computer applications (Appendices A and F)! 4-20 milliampere current loop output terminals (Chapter 6) -17

18 Figure 2-1 Breakout Box Components -18

19 2.1.1 BATTERY CHARGER/AC ADAPTER The battery charger/ac adapter has a removable AC power cable and converts volt AC to 15 volts DC. The DC power output cable connects to the breakout box at the DC input connector. When connected to the breakout box, the battery charger/ac adapter performs the following functions:! Charges the flowmeter battery through the 7-pin circular connector! Provides immediate power to operate the unit if the battery is discharged! Provides voltage to charge/power the printer as required! Provides the driving voltage for the 4 to 20 ma current output if configured to drive the loop PRINTER An optional external thermal printer is available for use with the flowmeter for printing flow data, diagnostic messages, etc. For complete printer operating instructions, refer to the instruction manual supplied with the printer. Charging the Printer Battery The printer battery is charged by connecting the printer to the printer power cable breakout box (when the battery charger/ac adapter is connected). on the CAUTION: Note the following precautions:!the printer battery charge time for a fully discharged battery is 15 hours. To avoid damage to the battery, do not charge for more than 24 hours.! Do not connect the battery charger/ac adapter directly to the printer to charge the printer battery. The voltage and polarity output of the charger do not match the required input of the printer. If they are directly connected, the printer battery can explode or the printer can be seriously damaged. Printing Procedure To print from the flowmeter: 1. Connect the printer cable from the serial port on the printer to the printer port on the upper left of the flowmeter s control panel (Figure 1-3). NOTE: The printer port on the panel is covered with a protective metal cap.) 2. Follow the procedures for using the print menus in Section

20 2.2 Slide Track The transducer slide track (Figure 2-2) comes standard with the DCT In many applications, the slide track allows the user to accurately space the transducers before mounting them as a single assembly on the pipe. Refer to Section for procedures and limitations related to the slide track. Figure 2-2 Slide Track -20

21 2.3 Current Loop Wiring and Current Loop Powering Option The flowmeter has a 4 to 20 milliampere (4 to 20 ma) current loop output. The current loop can be selected to be self-powered or loop-powered. The wiring connections to the current loop vary depending on which powering option is selected. NOTE: For information on calibrating and testing the current loop and setting the current loop span, refer to Chapter 6. The flowmeter comes shipped with the current loop self-powered. For loop-powered operation, the current loop must be driven from an external supply. In this case the flowmeter acts as a passive two-wire transmitter. The current loop powering option is set by moving jumpers on the current loop board which is located inside the breakout box. (Four screws must be removed from the back of the breakout box to access the jumpers.) A diagram of the jumper settings is located on the inside cover of the breakout box and is also illustrated in Figure 2-3. NOTE: The current loop output is rated for a loop resistance of up to 1000 ohms and is isolated for up to 5 kv when loop powered. CAUTION: To avoid possible damage to the flowmeter due to an accidental short, disconnect power before removing the back cover of the breakout box. (Disconnect the breakout box from the flowmeter and from the AC adapter/battery charger.) Figure 2-3 Current Loop Power Jumper Settings for DCT

22 After the loop powering option has been set, the current loop wiring should be connected. The current loop has an input terminal and an output terminal (indicated as IN and OUT on the outer breakout box label). Connections for the self-powered option are illustrated in Figure 2-4 and connections for the loop-powered option are illustrated in Figure 2-5. Figure 2-4 Wiring Diagram for Self Powered Current Loop Figure 2-5 Wiring Diagram for Loop Powered Current Loop -22

23 CONFIGURING AND OPERATING THE FLOWMETER This chapter provides step by step procedures for configuring and operating the instrument with the keypad and display. The configuration settings are stored in non-volatile memory to protect them in the event of a power failure. After the flowmeter has been configured, the transducers are spaced and installed on the pipe (Chapter 4). If accuracy at low flows is important, the flowmeter should also be calibrated (Chapter 5). NOTE: The instrument can also be configured through the RS232 interface with an IBMcompatible PC using the PolyLink or TimeGATE utilities (Appendices A and F). -23

24 3.1 Keypad and Display The keypad provides access to the microprocessor for configuring the flowmeter. The keypad entries are viewed on the instrument s 40-character LCD display. During operation, the display indicates the flow rate and totalizer values. The display is backlit for ease of viewing in low-light conditions and has a variable contrast setting (Section 3.1.2) KEYPAD AND DISPLAY COMPONENTS The components of the keypad and display (Figure 3-1) are as follows:! LCD Display! Numeric keys, including the 0 through 9 keys and the decimal (.) key.! UP, DOWN, LEFT, and RIGHT ARROW keys for scrolling.! ENTER key, which operates like the ENTER key on a computer.! ERASE key which operates like the BACKSPACE key on a computer. The ERASE key deletes the last entered value from the keypad. In addition, pressing ERASE from most setup and diagnostic menus accesses the Main Menu. Pressing ERASE a second time accesses Menu 00 (the Flow Rate and Net Totalizer display).! MENU key, which provides access to the flowmeter s setup and diagnostic menus (Section 3.3) Figure 3-1 Keypad and Display -24

25 3.1.2 DISPLAY CONTRAST AND BACKLIGHT The display is backlit for ease of viewing in low-light conditions. To save battery life, the backlight shuts off automatically after several minutes have passed without a keypad entry. The display has a variable contrast setting. Contrast may need to be adjusted as the ambient temperature changes from very hot to very cold. To adjust the contrast: 1. Press MENU. 2. Press the +/- key. The following is displayed: LCD Contrast 3. Press the RIGHT or LEFT ARROW keys to adjust the contrast. 4. Press ENTER when complete. 3.2 Direct Menu Access Each setup and diagnostic menu has a unique two-digit address allowing the menus to be directly accessed. To directly access a menu: 1. Press MENU. The letter M appears in the lower right corner of the display: M 2. Enter the desired menu s two-digit address. NOTE: The address must be entered while the M is displayed (approximately 4 seconds). If the M is no longer displayed, MENU must be pressed again before entering the address. -25

26 Table 3-1 provides a list of the menu addresses: PRIMARY DISPLAYS: Flow/Net Totalizer (Menu 00) Flow/Velocity (Menu 01) Flow/Positive Totalizer (Menu 02) Flow/Negative Totalizer (Menu 03) Signal Strength/Low Signal Cutoff (Menu 04) PIPE: Pipe OD (Menu 10) Pipe Wall Thickness (Menu 11) Pipe ID (Menu 12) Pipe Material (Menu 13) Pipe Sound Speed (Menu 14) Pipe Inside Roughness (Menu 15) LINER: Liner Material (Menu 16) Liner Thickness (Menu 17) Liner Sound Speed (Menu 18) Liner Inside Roughness (Menu 19) FLUID: Fluid Type (Menu 20) Fluid Sound Speed (Menu 21) Fluid Viscosity (Menu 22) TRANSDUCER: Transducer Type (Menu 23) Transducer Mounting (Menu 24) Transducer Spacing (Menu 25) Table 3-1 Menu Addresses TOTALIZER: Totalizer Units (Menu 36) Totalizer Multiplier (Menu 37) Net Totalizer (Menu 38) Positive Totalizer (Menu 39) Negative Totalizer (Menu 40) Totalizer Reset (Menu 41) OPTIONS: Measurement Units (Menu 42) Site Parameters (Menu 43) RS232 Configuration (Menu 46) Change System Password (Menu 47) Change Scale Factor Password (Menu 48) Unit ID (Menu 49) CALIBRATION (Menu 50): Zero Set (Menu 51) Scale Factor (Menu 52) Sound Speed Compensation (Menu 53) Date and Time (Menu 54) CURRENT LOOP (Menu 56): Current Loop Span (Menu 57) Current Loop Calibration (Menu 58) Current Loop Test (Menu 59) ALARMS (Menu 70): Program Alarms (Menu 71) View Alarms (Menu 72) FLOW: Flow Units (Menu 30) Max Flow Range (Menu 31) Min Flow Range (Menu 32) Damping (Menu 33) Low Flow Cutoff (Menu 34) Low Signal Cutoff (Menu 35) DATA LOG Data Log Setup (Menu 80) Data Log Interval (Menu 81) DIAGNOSTICS: Signal Strength/Margin (Menu 90) Delta Time/Fluid Sound Speed (Menu 91) Reynolds #/Profile Factor (Menu 92) Current Loop Output (Menu 93) Software/Firmware Rev. Level (Menu 94) PRINT: Print Log Setup (Menu 96) Prints Settings (Menu 97) Prints Diagnostics (Menu 98) Prints Current Screen (Menu 99) -26

27 3.3 Accessing the Menus by Scrolling A menu can be accessed directly with a two digit address (Section 3.2) or by scrolling through the flowmeter s menu structure. The menus are organized into the following basic levels:! Main Menu! Sub-menus! Primary Displays, setup menus, and diagnostic menus The Main Menu displays various sub-menus. The sub-menus contain the individual setup and diagnostic menus SCROLLING THROUGH THE MAIN MENU AND SUB-MENUS To access the Main Menu from any screen: 1. Press the MENU key twice. The Main Menu is displayed. The Main Menu contains sub-menus, which are preceded by a solid square!, as follows: Main Menu!Pipe!Liner The following additional sub-menus are displayed in the Main Menu by scrolling with the UP or DOWN ARROW keys:!pipe!liner!fluid!xducer!flow!total.!options!calibr.!4-20ma!alarms!datalog.!diagn 2. Move the cursor in the Main Menu using the UP or DOWN ARROW keys. 3. When the desired sub-menu is highlighted, press ENTER. The first menu of the selected sub-menu is displayed. For example, if the sub-menu FLOW were selected, the following menu would be displayed: Flow Units *Gallons -27

28 3.3.2 SCROLLING THROUGH PRIMARY DISPLAYS, SETUP MENUS, AND DIAGNOSTIC MENUS The user can move from one Primary Display, setup menu, or diagnostic menu to another within the same sub-menu by scrolling. Pressing the DOWN ARROW key displays the next display or menu, while pressing the UP ARROW key displays the previous one. 3.4 Entering Data in the Setup Menus This section provides basic procedures for entering configuration data which is done in the setup menus. Some setup menus allow a numeric value to be entered, while others offer non-numeric selections. Refer to Section 3.6 for more detailed information on specific menus. The following is an example of a setup menu which requires a numeric entry: PIPE ID 4.02 INCHES In a non-numeric selection menu, an asterisk is displayed to the left of the selection currently entered in the flowmeter. The following is an example of a non-numeric selection setup menu: Pipe Material *CARBON STEEL To use the setup menus to configure the flowmeter: 1. Access the setup menus one at a time using the direct menu access method (Section 3.2) and/or the scrolling method (Section 3.3). IMPORTANT: As a minimal requirement, the setup menus that are listed in the Quick Setup procedure (Section 3.5) must be configured. 2. If the setup menu requires a numeric entry, use the numeric keys and press ENTER when complete. (If an error is made while entering a numeric value, use the ERASE key to delete it.) 3. If the setup menu offers a non-numeric selection:! Press ENTER. The asterisk changes to a flashing cursor.! Use the arrow keys to scroll through the available selections.! When the cursor is to the left of the desired selection, press ENTER to select it. -28

29 4. Complete the configuration process by accessing one of the Primary Displays (Menu 00 through 04). IMPORTANT: The flowmeter will not use the new parameters until one of the Primary Displays is accessed. 3.5 Quick Setup The Quick Setup procedure provides the minimal steps required for configuring the flowmeter to enable it to calculate transducer spacing, acquire ultrasonic signal, and measure flow. The Quick Setup procedure is also provided on the Quick Setup Card. The Quick Setup procedure is as follows: 1. Select a proper transducer site, following the guidelines in Section Enter the pipe OD (Menu 10). 3. Enter the pipe ID (Menu 12). 4. Enter the pipe material (Menu 13). 5. Enter the liner material if any (Menu 16). 6. Enter the liner thickness if any (Menu 17). 7. Enter the fluid type (Menu 20). 8. Enter the transducer type (Menu 23). 9. Enter the transducer mounting method (Menu 24). Once these critical setup parameters are entered, the flowmeter calculates the proper transducer spacing. The spacing is displayed in Menu Enter the flow rate units (Menu 30). 11. Install the transducers on the pipe, using the spacing measurement provided by the flowmeter (Section 4.2) and connect the transducer cables to the flowmeter. 12. Access one of the Primary Displays (Menu 00 through 04) to complete the configuration process. The flowmeter is now capable of measuring velocity and flow. IMPORTANT: If any of the above setup parameters are changed, the flowmeter stops measuring flow until the new value is entered and until one of the Primary Displays (Menu 00 through 04) is accessed to accept the new value. -29

30 3.6 Primary Displays, Setup Menus, and Diagnostic Menus This section describes the functions of the Primary Displays, the setup menus, and the diagnostic menus. These displays and menus are described in numerical order according to their menu addresses. The menus are also are listed under their appropriate sub-menus (for example PIPE or LINER). These displays and menus can be accessed using cursor scrolling (Section 3.3) or direct access (Section 3.2). The Primary Displays are for viewing only and are not configurable. The setup menus are used primarily to enter configuration data or to view the flowmeter s current configuration settings. Diagnostic menus are used for viewing various diagnostic parameters and are not configurable. In addition, certain data may be printed by entering one of three available print commands (Section ). IMPORTANT: The flowmeter ships from the factory with the system password and scale factor password disabled. To maximize security, new passwords should be entered immediately. Refer to Menus 47 and 48 in Section PRIMARY DISPLAYS This section describes the Primary Displays which display the values for the flow rate, totalizers, velocity, signal strength, or low signal cutoff (Menu 00 through 04). These displays are for viewing only. (They are not configurable.) NOTE: Refer to Section for information on enabling and configuring the totalizers. Flow/Net Totalizer (Menu 00) The Flow/Net Totalizer display is the standard display used under normal operating conditions. It displays the flow rate and the net totalizer value. If the net totalizer is not currently enabled, this display indicates the last net totalized value. Flow= 0.00 GPM Net 0 x0.1gal Flow/Velocity (Menu 01) The Flow/Velocity display indicates the flow rate and fluid velocity. Velocity is displayed in feet per second (FPS) if ENGLISH is selected as the measurement unit in Menu 42 and in meters per second if METRIC is selected. Flow= Vel = 0.00 GPM 0.00 FPS -30

31 Flow/Positive Totalizer (Menu 02) The Flow/Positive Totalizer display indicates the flow rate and the totalized flow in the positive flow direction. This display is available only if the positive totalizer is enabled in Menu 39. Flow/Negative Totalizer (Menu 03) The Flow/Negative Totalizer display indicates the flow rate and the totalized flow in the negative flow direction. This display is available only if the negative totalizer is enabled in Menu 40. Signal Strength/Low Signal Cutoff (Menu 04) The Signal Strength/Low Signal Cutoff display indicates the values for signal strength and low signal cutoff. NOTE: Refer to Menu 35 for information on setting the low signal cutoff. Flow= 0.00 GPM Pos 0 x0.1gal Flow= 0.00 GPM Neg 0 x0.1gal SigStr = 0 Cutoff = PIPE SETUP MENUS The PIPE sub-menu contains the setup menus related to the pipe parameters such as pipe inner diameter (ID) and pipe material. The pipe inner diameter (ID), outside diameter (OD), and pipe wall thickness parameters are entered in this sub-menu. If any two of these three parameters are entered, the flowmeter calculates the third remaining parameter automatically. Actual measurements (not nominal) must be entered, and precision is important; accuracy is directly affected by the square of any error in pipe dimensions. Pipe OD (Menu 10) This menu is used to enter the pipe outside diameter (OD). Alternatively, the pipe circumference can be entered and the flowmeter will calculate the pipe OD automatically. -31

32 To enter the pipe OD: 1. Access Menu 10. The following is displayed: Pipe OD inches 2. Enter the value for the pipe OD and press ENTER. 3. Press the DOWN ARROW key. The following is displayed: Select Option!Actual!Circum 4. Select one of the following:! ACTUAL if the value entered for the pipe OD is an actual measurement! CIRCUM if the value entered is the pipe circumference Pipe Wall Thickness (Menu 11) This menu is used to enter the wall thickness of the pipe. Pipe Wall Thickness 0.38 inches Pipe ID (Menu 12) This menu is used to enter the pipe inner diameter (ID). Pipe ID inches Pipe Material (Menu 13) This menu is used to select one of the following pipe materials:! CARBON STEEL! STAINLESS STEEL! CAST IRON! DUCTILE IRON! COPPER! PVC! PVDF LOW DENSITY! PVDF HI DENSITY! ALUMINUM! ASBESTOS! FIBERGLASS-EPOXY! OTHER Pipe Material *CARBON STEEL -32

33 NOTE: The selection OTHER denotes any material not listed. If OTHER is selected, the pipe sound speed (Menu 14) and pipe inside roughness (Menu 15) must be entered. Pipe Sound Speed (Menu 14) This menu is configurable only if OTHER was selected for the pipe material in Menu 13. The pipe sound speed of the OTHER material should be entered in this menu. If OTHER was not selected, this menu is available only by the direct access method and not by scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a view-only display to indicate the pipe sound speed from the flowmeter s data base. Pipe Inside Roughness (Menu 15) This menu is configurable only if OTHER was selected for the pipe material in Menu 13. The pipe inside roughness of the OTHER material should be entered in this menu. Data on this parameter is available from the Cameron Hydraulic Data Book published by Ingersoll- Rand. If OTHER was not selected, this menu is available only by the direct access method and not by scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a viewonly display to indicate the pipe inside roughness from the flowmeter s data base. NOTE: The number entered for pipe roughness is not important on lined pipes. In this case, the liner inside roughness should be entered in Menu 19. Pipe Sound Speed FPS Pipe Roughness Ft LINER SETUP MENUS The LINER sub-menu contains the setup menus related to the liner, such as material and thickness. -33

34 Liner Material (Menu 16) This menu is used to select one of the following liner materials:! NONE (no liner)! TAR EPOXY! RUBBER! MORTAR! POLYPROPYLENE! POLYSTYROL! POLYSTYRENE! POLYESTER! POLYETHYLENE! EBONITE! TEFLON! OTHER NOTE: The selection OTHER denotes a material not listed. If OTHER is selected, the liner sound speed (Menu 18) and liner inside roughness (Menu 19) must be entered. Liner Thickness (Menu 17) This menu is used to enter the thickness of the liner. Liner Sound Speed (Menu 18) This menu is configurable only if OTHER was selected for the liner material in Menu 16. The liner sound speed of the OTHER material should be entered in this menu. If OTHER was not selected, this menu is available only by the direct access method and not by scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a viewonly display to indicate the liner sound speed from the flowmeter s data base. Liner Material *POLYETHYLENE Liner Thickness 0.00 Inches Liner Sound Speed FPS -34

35 Liner Inside Roughness (Menu 19) This menu is available only if OTHER was selected for the liner material in Menu 16. The liner inside roughness of the OTHER material should be entered in this menu. Data on this parameter is available from the Cameron Hydraulic Data Book published by Ingersoll- Rand. If OTHER was not selected, this menu is available only by the direct access method and not by scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a viewonly display to indicate the liner inside roughness from the flowmeter s data base. Liner Roughness FLUID SETUP MENUS The FLUID sub-menu contains the setup menus related to the fluid being measured. Fluid Type (Menu 20) This menu is used to select one of the following fluid types:! WATER! SEA WATER! KEROSENE! GASOLINE! FUEL OIL #2! CRUDE OIL! PROPANE (-45 C)! BUTANE (0 C)! OTHER NOTE: The selection OTHER denotes a fluid type not listed. If OTHER is selected, the fluid sound speed (Menu 21) and fluid viscosity (Menu 22) must next be entered for this fluid type. Fluid Type *GASOLINE -35

36 Fluid Sound Speed (Menu 21) This menu is configurable only if OTHER was selected for the fluid type in Menu 20. The fluid sound speed of the OTHER fluid type should be entered in this menu. (Refer to Appendices C and D for information on fluid sound speeds.) If OTHER was not selected, this menu is available only by the direct access method and not by scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a view-only display to indicate the fluid sound speed from the flowmeter s data base. Fluid Viscosity (Menu 22) This menu is configurable only if OTHER was selected for the fluid type in Menu 20. The kinematic viscosity of the OTHER fluid type should be entered in this menu. (Refer to Appendices C and D for information on fluid viscosities.) If OTHER was not selected, this menu is available only by the direct access method and not by scrolling. In this case, this menu functions as a view-only display to indicate the viscosity of the selected fluid from the flowmeter s data base. Fluid Sound Speed FPS Fluid Viscosity cst TRANSDUCER SETUP MENUS The XDUCER sub-menu contains the setup menus related to transducer type, mounting method, and spacing requirements. Transducer Type (Menu 23) This menu is used to enter the type of transducer connected to the flowmeter. The selections are:! STANDARD! HI-TEMP STANDARD should be selected unless the optional high-temperature transducer blocks are used (Section 4.5). Transducer Type *Standard Hi-Temp -36

37 Transducer Mounting (Menu 24) This menu is used to select one of the following transducer mounting methods:! V! W! Z Refer to Section 4.4 for more information on the transducer mounting methods. Transducer Mount *V Mt. Z Mt. W Mt. Transducer Spacing (Menu 25) This view-only menu indicates the required spacing between the transducers. This spacing is calculated by the flowmeter once the parameters listed in the Quick Setup procedure have been entered. Refer to Section 4.2 for more information on transducer spacing. Transducer Spacing 5.93 Inches FLOW SETUP MENUS The FLOW sub-menu contains the setup menus related to flow. Flow Units (Menu 30) This menu is used to select the flow rate units. Volumetric units are displayed first, followed by the associated time (per) units. To select the flow rate units: 1. Select one of the following volumetric units:! GALLONS! LITERS! MGAL (million gallons)! CUBIC FT! CUBIC METERS! ACRE FT! OIL BARRELS! LIQUOR BARRELS! FEET! METERS Flow Units *Gallons -37

38 3. Press the DOWN ARROW key. The following is displayed: 4. Select one of the following time unit (per) options:! SEC! MIN! HR (million gallons)! DAY Max Flow Range (Menu 31) and Min Flow Range (Menu 32) These menus are used to enter the minimum and maximum flow values for setting the volumetric flow range. Setting the optimum flow range generally improves the flowmeter s response time. NOTE: Whenever the pipe ID is changed, the flowmeter returns the volumetric flow range to its default settings. The default settings are the minimum and maximum flows for the new pipe ID that occur at +32 and -32 FPS (+9.76 and MPS). Damping (Menu 33) This menu is used to enter the value for the damping coefficient. The damping coefficient suppresses short term fluctuations in the indicated flow rate. The displayed flow rate and the 4 to 20 ma current loop output is a moving average of the last n seconds where n is the damping value. Increasing the coefficient increases the response time to changes. The coefficient is adjustable from 1 to 99 seconds in 1-second increments. Damping should be kept at a minimum unless the velocity fluctuates wildly. If so, damping should be increased just enough to reduce the fluctuation to an acceptable degree. Flow Units Per Sec *Min Hour Max Flow GPM Min Flow GPM Damping 5 secs -38

39 Low Flow Cutoff (Menu 34) When a zero flow condition occurs (for example, as the result of a pump being shut off), internal sloshing, check valve leakage, and other fluid movement can prevent the flowmeter from reading total zero. This phenomenon can result in totalizer errors. These errors can be minimized by entering a low flow cutoff (a minimum acceptable value for flow) in this menu. Setting a low flow cutoff drives the flowmeter to zero for flow rates at or below that value. If the flow rate (regardless of direction) falls below the low flow cutoff value, the instrument s indicated flow is driven to zero and the totalizers stop incrementing. For example, if a low flow cutoff of 0.1 foot per second (.03 meters per second) is entered, the instrument would be driven to zero for flow rates less than 0.1 foot per second in the positive direction and greater than -0.1 foot in the negative direction (Figure 3-2). Low Flow Cutoff 0.00 GPM NOTE: Figure 3-2 Zero flow displayed here Low Flow Cutoff (example) The default setting for the low flow cutoff is 1.0. Low Signal Cutoff (Menu 35) Empty pipes or solids, bubbles, or voids in the flow stream may cause temporary drops in signal strength and erroneous readings. The effect of these dropouts can be minimized by setting a low signal cutoff. Setting a low signal cutoff (a minimum acceptable signal amplitude), drives the flowmeter to the loss-of-signal (LOS) condition. -39

40 The flowmeter s response to the LOS condition may be programmed as follows:! Drop the reading to zero! Hold the last valid reading (but continue to totalize) In addition to these two options, an alarm can be actuated based on the low signal cutoff (Section ). To set the low signal cutoff: 1. Access Menu 35: 2. Enter the low signal cutoff and press ENTER. The following is displayed: 3. Select one of the following:! ZERO (to drop the reading to zero during an LOS condition)! HOLD (to hold the last valid reading during an LOS condition) Low Signal Cutoff 0% Low Signal Action *Zero Hold TOTALIZER SETUP MENUS The TOTAL sub-menu contains the setup menus for configuring and resetting the totalizers. There are three totalizers which may be enabled:! Positive totalizer! Negative totalizer! Net totalizer. NOTE: If a totalizer is merely disabled, it stops totalizing but is not reset to zero. The totalizer reset function is available in Menu

41 Totalizer Units (Menu 36) This menu is used to select one of the following flow units used by the totalizers:! GALLONS! LITERS! MGAL (million gallons)! CUBIC FT! CUBIC METERS! ACRE FT! OIL BARRELS! LIQUOR BARRELS NOTE: The flow unit selected for the totalizer display may be different from the flow unit selected for the flow rate display. Totalizer Multiplier (Menu 37) The totalizer value can be displayed with one of several multiplier values. For example, 700 liters can be displayed as 700 single liters (if the multiplier value is X1) or 7 hundreds of liters (if the multiplier value is X100). The following totalizer multiplier values can be selected:! X 0.01! X 0.1! X 1! X 10! X 100! X 1000! X Totalizer Units *Gallons Totalizer Mult. *x0.01 x0.1-41

42 Net Totalizer (Menu 38) This menu is used to enable or disable the net totalizer. The net totalizer provides the difference between the positive and negative flow values. For example, if there are 1000 gallons of flow in the negative direction and 3000 gallons of flow in the positive direction, the net totalizer indicates 2000 gallons of net flow. Selecting ON enables the net totalizer, while selecting OFF disables it. Positive Totalizer (Menu 39) This menu is used to enable or disable the positive totalizer. The positive totalizer tracks the flow that moves in the positive direction (from the upstream transducer to the downstream transducer). It is not affected by flow in the opposite (downstream) direction. Selecting ON enables the positive totalizer, while selecting OFF disables it. Negative Totalizer (Menu 40) This menu is used to enable or disable the negative totalizer. The negative totalizer tracks the flow that moves in the negative direction (from the downstream transducer to the upstream transducer). It is not affected by flow in the opposite (upstream) direction. Selecting ON enables the negative totalizer, while selecting OFF disables it. Totalizer Reset (Menu 41) This menu is used to reset one or all of the totalizers. To reset a totalizer, select one of the following and press ENTER:! ALL (all totalizers)! NET (net totalizer only)! POS (positive totalizer only)! NEG (negative totalizer only) Net Totalizer *Off On Pos. Totalizer *Off On Neg. Totalizer *Off On Totalizer Reset!All!Net!Pos!Neg -42

43 3.6.8 OPTIONS SETUP MENUS The OPTIONS sub-menu contains the setup menus for several miscellaneous functions, such as selection of English or metric flow units, changing the system and scale factor passwords, and RS232 settings. Measurement Units (Menu 42) This menu is used to select one of the following types of measurement units for the flowmeter:! ENGLISH! METRIC If ENGLISH is selected, pipe dimensions are displayed in inches and velocities are displayed in feet per second (FPS), where appropriate. If METRIC is selected, the measurements are displayed in millimeters (mm) or meters per second (MPS). Site Parameters (Menu 43) This menu saves the parameters for the pipe, liner, fluid, transducer, and flow setup menus to allow these parameters to be recalled later for a specific measurement site. Up to 16 different sites are available, and are numbered from 1 through 16. The site number is displayed in Menu 43 in the lower left corner of the screen and is followed by a colon (:). (For example 1: represents site number 1.) As the setup parameters are entered in their respective menus during normal configuration, the same parameters are saved simultaneously in the Site Parameters function. These site parameters are stored in whichever site is currently active (in whichever site has the asterisk displayed in Menu 43). Access a different site to automatically re-enter that site s stored parameters into the flowmeter for measuring flow. To access a different site, press ENTER, scroll to the desired site, and press ENTER again. Measurement Units *English Metric Site Parameters 1:3.507 In, PVC -43

44 NOTE: To avoid entering parameters on top of a previously stored set and losing the old data, ensure that the desired site is active in Menu 43 before entering the new set of parameters. RS232 Configuration (Menu 46) This menu is used to configure the flowmeter s RS232 port. The RS232 port allows the flowmeter to connect to an IBM-compatible PC using the PolyLink or TimeGATE data link utilities (Appendices A and F). These utilities provide features such as data log file downloads, remote configuration and monitoring, and software upgrades. To configure the RS232 port: 1. Access Menu 46: 2. Select one of the following modes:! TIMEGATE! POLYLINK 3. Press the DOWN ARROW key to display the baud rate selections: The baud rate is the only RS232 parameter that can be selected. Parity is preset at none, the character size is preset at 8, and the stop bits are preset at 1. (All selections are N,8,1.) Select one of the following baud rates:! 1200! 2400! 4800! 9600! RS232 Mode *TimeGate PolyLink RS232 Config 9600,N,8,1 Change System Password (Menu 47) This menu is used to change the system password. The system password is designed to protect the flowmeter s configuration parameters from unauthorized or accidental changes. The system password may be enabled or disabled. The flowmeter ships from the factory with the system password disabled. -44

45 NOTE: In addition to the system password, the flowmeter utilizes a scale factor password (Menu 48) to protect only the scale factor setting. If the system password is enabled, the flowmeter requests the system password when the user attempts to enter any configuration data. Entering the correct system password temporarily unlocks the system, allowing the user to make configuration changes. The system is locked again by accessing Menu 00. Password? To change or disable the system password: 1. Access Menu 47: 2. Enter the new system password and press ENTER. NOTE: To disable the system password function (to allow configuration data to be changed without entering a password), enter 0 (zero) as the system password. The password function can be enabled again by changing the password back to a nonzero number. New Sys Password?? The following is displayed: 3. Enter the old system password and press ENTER. If the old system password was correctly entered, the following is displayed: Old Syst. Password?? Password Accepted If the old system password was incorrectly entered, the following is displayed: Password *** Rejected *** NOTE: After the system password is accepted or rejected, Menu 48 is displayed, enabling the scale factor password to be changed. Refer to Menu Access Menu 00 to lock the system with the new password. -45

46 Change Scale Factor Password (Menu 48) This menu is used to change the scale factor password. The scale factor password is designed to protect the scale factor from unauthorized or accidental changes. The scale factor password may be enabled or disabled. The flowmeter ships from the factory with the scale factor password disabled. NOTE: In addition to the scale factor password, the flowmeter utilizes a system password (Menu 47) to protect all configuration data other than the scale factor. If the scale factor password is enabled, the flowmeter requests the scale factor password whenever the user attempts to change the scale factor (Menu 52). To change or disable the scale factor password: 1. Access Menu 48: 2. Enter the new scale factor password and press ENTER. NOTE: To disable the system password function (to allow the scale factor to be changed without entering a password), enter 0 (zero) as the scale factor password. The password function can be enabled again by changing the password back to a nonzero number. New Sc Fact Passwrd?? The following is displayed: 3. Enter the old scale factor password and press ENTER. If the old scale factor password was correctly entered, the following is displayed: If the old scale factor password was incorrectly entered, the following is displayed: Old Scale Password?? Scale Password Accepted Scale Password *** Rejected *** -46

47 Unit ID (Identification) Number (Menu 49) This menu is used to set the ID (identification) number of the flowmeter. This number is determined by the operator and is used to identify the specific instrument or site. Any whole number between 1 and 60,000 may be entered with the numeric keypad. Unit ID CALIBRATION SETUP MENUS The CALIBRATION sub-menu contains the setup menus for calibrating the flowmeter, setting the time and date, and enabling or disabling the sound speed compensation function. NOTE: For information on calibrating the current loop, refer to Chapter 6. Calibration Group Menu (Menu 50) The Calibration Group Menu can be accessed by scrolling to CALIBR on the Main Menu or by directly accessing Menu 50. This menu is used as a convenient way to access the individual calibration menus (Menus 51 through 54). To access the individual calibration menus, scroll to one of the following selections in Menu 50 and press ENTER:! SET ZERO! SCALE! SS COMP! DATE NOTE: Menus 51 through 54 can also be directly accessed by pressing MENU and the two digit address. Refer to Chapter 5 for detailed information on calibration. Calibration!Set Zero!Scale -47

48 Zero Set (Menu 51) This menu is used to select one of the following zeroing (calibration) methods:! NO FLOW (zero set calibration)! MANUAL (manual zero set calibration) Refer to Section 5.1 for detailed information on the zero set calibration methods. Scale Factor (Menu 52) This menu provides a means for the operator to adjust the instrument-displayed flow. The flow measured by the instrument is multiplied by this value. Refer to Section 5.2 for detailed information on the scale factor. Sound Speed Compensation (Menu 53) This menu is used to turn on or off the flowmeter's sound speed compensation. Temperature variations in the fluid and other factors may cause variations in the fluid s sound speed. Typically, the flowmeter can determine the sound speed more accurately when sound speed compensation is enabled. Date and Time (Menu 54) This menu is used to set the date and time in the internal clock of the flowmeter. The time is expressed in military time (24 hour format) and the date is in the month-day-year format. To set the date and time: 1. Access Menu Press ENTER. Prompts are displayed one screen at a time requesting month, day, and year entries for the date and hour, minute, and second entries for the time: 3. Enter the requested date and time parameters for each screen, pressing ENTER after each entry. Set Zero!No Flow!Manual Scale Factor Sound Speed Comp. *Enabled Disabled Date and Time :07:17 Date and Time? Month? 12-48

49 NOTE: To keep the current value displayed in any screen, scroll to the next screen with the DOWN ARROW key instead of pressing ENTER. Once all time parameters have been entered, the new programmed date and time is displayed: CURRENT LOOP SETUP MENUS The 4-20mA sub-menu contains the setup menus for the 4 to 20 ma current loop. The span for the current loop can be set and the output of the current loop can be calibrated and tested. Current Loop Group Menu (Menu 56) The Current Loop Group Menu can be accessed by scrolling to 4-20mA on the Main Menu or by directly accessing Menu 56. This menu is used as a convenient way to access the three current loop setup menus (Menus 57, 58, and 59). To access the current loop setup menus, scroll to one of the following selections in Menu 56 and press ENTER:! SPAN! CAL.! TEST NOTE: Menus 57, 58, and 59 can also be directly accessed by pressing MENU and the two digit address. Current Loop Span (Menu 57) This menu is used to set the span for the current loop. Refer to Chapter 6 for detailed information and procedures on current loop functions. Current Loop Calibration (Menu 58) This menu is used to calibrate the current loop. Refer to Chapter 6 for detailed information and procedures on current loop functions. Current Loop!Span!Cal.!Test Span? 4 ma 0.00 Gal/S 4 ma Calibrate <-- --> -49

50 Current Loop Test (Menu 59) This menu is used to test the calibration of the current loop and/or the devices connected to it. Refer to Chapter 6 for detailed information and procedures on current loop functions. Current Loop Test <-- 4 ma --> ALARMS SETUP MENUS The ALARMS sub-menu contains the setup menus for programming and viewing the flowmeter s alarm parameters. The DCT-7088 has four alarms which may be programmed ON or OFF based on flow rate or signal strength values. If the measured value of the selected condition falls outside the alarm parameters, the alarm is activated, causing the optional printer to print the flow data and/or the alarm status. Alarms Group Menu (Menu 70) The Alarms Group Menu can be accessed by scrolling to ALARMS on the Main Menu or by directly accessing Menu 70. This menu is used as a convenient way to access the two alarm setup menus (Menus 71 and 72). To access the alarm setup menus, scroll to one of the following selections in Menu 70 and press ENTER:! PROG! VIEW NOTE: Menus 71 and 72 can also be directly accessed by pressing MENU and the two digit address. Program Alarms (Menu 71) This menu is used to program the four alarms for the DCT Each alarm is independently programmed. To program the alarms: 1. Access Menu 71: 2. Select an alarm. (The alarms are displayed as!1 through!4.) The Alarm On Condition screen is displayed: Alarms!Program!View Prog Alarm #!1!2!3!4 Alarm 1 On Condition *Flow < -50

51 3. Select one of the following alarm ON conditions:! NOT PROGRAMMED (OFF)! FLOW > (The relay actuates when the flow rate is greater than the ON condition value.)! FLOW < (The relay actuates when the flow rate is less than the ON condition value.)! SIGNAL > (The relay actuates when the signal strength value is greater than the ON condition value.)! SIGNAL < (The relay actuates when the signal strength value is less than the ON condition value.) 4. Press the DOWN ARROW key. The Alarm On Condition Value screen is displayed: On Cond. Value Gal/S 5. Enter the value for the alarm ON condition and press ENTER. NOTE: The flow units used for the alarms are the same as the flow units selected for measuring flow in Menu Press the DOWN ARROW key. The Alarm Off Condition screen is displayed: 7. Select an alarm OFF condition. The selections available for the OFF condition are the same as those for the ON condition. The OFF condition value should be entered in conjunction with the ON condition value to establish a dead band. This prevents the alarm from continuously cycling on and off when the flow is close to the ON or OFF value. For example, if the ON condition is FLOW > 250 gallons per minute, the OFF condition may be set as FLOW < 240 gallons per minute. At these settings, the alarm turns on when the flow exceeds 250 gallons per minute and does not turn off until the flow falls below 240 gallons per minute. Alarm 1 Off Cond. *Flow > -51

52 8. Press the DOWN ARROW key. The Alarm Off Condition Value screen is displayed: Off Cond. Value Gal/S 9. Enter the value for the alarm OFF condition and press ENTER. 10. Repeat steps 1 through 9 for all alarms that are to be programmed. View Alarms (Menu 72) This menu is used to display the current ON and OFF conditions of the alarms. To view the current alarm conditions: 1. Access Menu 72: 2. Select an alarm. (The alarms are displayed as!1 through!4.) The ON and OFF conditions for the selected alarm are displayed: DATA LOG SETUP MENUS The DATA LOG sub-menu contains the setup menus for the data logger. Data Log Setup (Menu 80) This menu is used to set up the data logger. The data logger provides the ability of continuously recording flow data at preset intervals for long time periods. There are approximately 65,000 data points available to the data logger memory. This allows considerable data to be collected. For instance, collecting at 60-second intervals, the flowmeter could store data for approximately 44 days. The data logger can be started and stopped manually or can be programmed to run automatically for a future start and stop time. Once a data log file is complete, it is stored in the flowmeter for future retrieval. The file is automatically assigned a unique file number, allowing additional data logs to be recorded and retrieved. (The file number is based on the record date plus a sequence number.) The Show Alarm #!1!2!3!4 On = Flow <16 Off = Flow >24 Log Menu!Start!Auto -52

53 file numbers can be viewed to determine which data log files are present. These files can be deleted from the flowmeter or can be transferred in ASCII format to an IBM-compatible PC for record keeping or analysis. The files are transferred using the PolyLink flowmeter data link utility (Appendix A). The following selections are available in Menu 80:! START (or STOP)! AUTO! INTERVAL! VIEW The START (or STOP) selection provides control for manually starting or stopping the data logger. (The appropriate selection is displayed depending on the whether the data logger is currently recording.) To manually start the data logger, select START. To manually stop the data logger: 1. Access Menu Select STOP. The following is displayed: 3. Press the 5 key. Stop Log Are you sure?(5=yes) The AUTO selection allows the data logger to be programmed for a future start and stop time. To use the AUTO function: 1. Access Menu Select AUTO. The current programmed start and stop times are displayed: Start: 5 7:08:30 Stop: 6 23:15:00 3. Press ENTER. Start Log? Day? 5-53

54 Prompts are displayed one screen at a time requesting day hour, minute, and second information for the start and stop times:fr 4. Enter the requested time parameters for each screen, pressing ENTER after each entry. NOTE: To keep the current value displayed in any screen, scroll to the next screen with the DOWN ARROW key instead of pressing ENTER. Once all time parameters have been entered, the new programmed start and stop times are displayed: Start: 8 8:09:00 Stop: 9 11:45:30 The data logger will start and stop automatically at the preset times. In addition, while the data logger is running, the preset stop time can be canceled by stopping the data logger manually (selecting STOP). IMPORTANT: Ensure that the flow measurement units, time, and date are correctly set on the flowmeter prior to beginning the log. Do not alter any of these parameters during the log or before transfer of the data. Any power interruption causes a zero to be written in the data log stream. This feature is useful to determine if an interruption in the time sequence has occurred or if the instrument has been moved or tampered with during data logging. The INTERVAL selection sets the interval for the data log. Refer to Menu 81. The VIEW selection shows which data log files are stored in memory, and indicates the size of each file and the amount of data log memory still available. The files may be scrolled through one at a time. In addition, a data log file can be deleted. -54

55 To delete a data log file: 1. Access Menu Select VIEW. 3. Scroll through the data log files with the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to display the file that is to be deleted. 4. Press ENTER. The following is displayed: 5. Press the 5 key. The following is displayed: 6. Press the decimal point (.) key. The following is displayed: Data Log Interval (Menu 81) Menu 81 is used to set the interval for the data log. This menu can be accessed directly (by pressing MENU and 81) or by selecting INTERVAL in Menu 80. The data log interval must be entered in whole seconds with a minimum interval of 1 second. Erase Log File? Are you sure?(5=yes) Erase Log File? Really sure?(.=yes) Data log Erased Log Interval 60 secs DIAGNOSTICS DISPLAY MENUS The DIAGNOSTICS sub-menu contains various viewonly menus. These menus display important diagnostic parameters that are currently used or calculated by the flowmeter. These parameters are helpful when configuring or troubleshooting the instrument. Signal Strength/Margin (Menu 90) This menu displays the signal strength and the margin. The signal strength value displayed in this menu is the average of the signal strengths for the upstream and downstream transducers. Margin is an indicator of signal quality. Margin is generally greater than 5% and signal strength is generally greater than 3% under good measurement conditions. SigStr = 0% Margin = 0% -55

56 Delta Time/Fluid Sound Speed (Menu 91) This menu displays the value for DeltaT and the fluid sound speed as measured by the flowmeter. DeltaT is the difference between the upstream and downstream travel time, expressed in nanoseconds. Reynolds #/Profile Factor (Menu 92) This view-only menu displays the Reynolds number and flow profile factor currently being used by the flowmeter. The flow profile factor is calculated by the flowmeter and is used to determine the effect of the flow profile on mean measured fluid velocity. Current Loop Output (Menu 93) This view-only menu displays the value of the current in milliamperes that the flowmeter is presently providing to the current loop output. Software/Firmware Rev. Level (Menu 94) This view-only menu displays the version of software (SOFT VERS.) and firmware (FPGA VERS.) that are installed in the flowmeter. NOTE: Refer to Chapter 1 for information on software upgrades. DeltaT = 0.00 ns SSpeed = FPS Reynolds= 0 Factor = Current Loop Output = 4.57 ma Soft Vers. = 1.00 FPGA Vers. = A PRINT SETUP AND PRINT COMMANDS The optional printer can be configured in the PRINT sub-menu in Menu 96. In addition, certain data may be printed by pressing MENU plus 97, 98, or 99 from any screen. (There are no specific screens displayed on the flowmeter for these three print commands.) Print Log Setup (Menu 96) This menu is used to set up the optional printer. The printer can be configured to print out flow data at a preset interval and/or whenever an alarm is activated. The flow data that is printed includes the data from all enabled totalizers. -56

57 The flow data is printed in minimum, maximum, and average flow rates. The minimum and maximum rates are automatically reset at the end of each print period. The average flow rate is the average over the print interval. To configure the printer: 1. Access Menu 96: 2. Select one of the following options:! NONE (disables the printer)! FLOW (configures the printer to print out flow data at the preset log interval)! ALARM (configures the printer to print out flow data when an alarm is activated)! BOTH (configures the printer to print out flow data at the preset log interval and when an alarm is activated) 3. If FLOW or BOTH was selected, press the DOWN ARROW key to set the print interval. The following is displayed: Print Select *None Flow Alarm Print Interval 30 sec. 4. Enter the print interval in whole seconds and press ENTER. NOTE 1: NOTE 2: If the log interval is too short to allow the selected data to be printed, erratic operation may result. If the print interval is interrupted by a power loss, the printer resumes printing at the prescribed interval after power is restored. Prints Settings (Menu 97) All parameters associated with the pipe, liner, fluid, transducer, and flow menus (Menus 10 through 35) can be printed out by pressing MENU and

58 Prints Diagnostics (Menu 98) All parameters associated with the diagnostics menus (Menus 90 through 94) can be printed out by pressing MENU and 98. Prints Current Screen (Menu 99) Any screen which is currently displayed on the flowmeter can be printed out by pressing MENU and

59 Appendix 3.7 Master Erase Function and Emergency Override Passwords This section covers the emergency override passwords and the procedure for performing a master erase of all configuration data on the flowmeter. Since these two procedures allow critical data to be accessed and changed, this page may be removed from the instruction manual to prevent unauthorized use of these features EMERGENCY OVERRIDE PASSWORDS In the event that a user-entered password is forgotten, the following emergency override passwords may be used:! 42 (system password)! 43 (scale factor password) The emergency override passwords cannot be changed or disabled MASTER ERASE FUNCTION All user-entered data in the flowmeter can be erased with the master erase function. To perform a master erase: 1. Turn the flowmeter off and back on again. 2. When the message INITIALIZING...is displayed, press ERASE immediately (within 3 to 5 seconds). The Master Erase screen is displayed: Master Erase. Are you sure?(5=yes) 3. Press the 5 key to continue with the master erase procedure (must be pressed within 3 to 5 seconds or the procedure is aborted). The following is displayed: 4. Press the # (period) key to continue with the master erase procedure (must be pressed within 3 to 5 seconds or the procedure is aborted). If the master erase function is completed, the following is displayed and the flowmeter initializes: Master Erase.Are you really sure? (.=yes) Master Erase Completed If the master erase function is aborted, the following is displayed and the flowmeter initializes: Master Erase Aborted -59

60 Appendix C INSTALLING THE TRANSDUCERS This chapter covers the procedures for installing the transducers. It covers guidelines for selecting a measurement site (Section 4.1) and describes the procedures for spacing and mounting the transducers (Section 4.2). Three different mounting methods are described: the V method, Z method, and W method (Section 4.4). 4.1 Measurement Site Selection Prior to installing the transducers, a proper site must be selected to ensure accurate measurement. Examples of site recommendations are illustrated in Figure 4-1. Use the following guidelines when selecting the transducer site:! Choose a section of pipe which is always full of liquid, such as a vertical pipe with up flow or a full horizontal pipe.! The site should have a straight run equivalent to at least 10 pipe diameters upstream and 5 pipe diameters downstream from any elbows, tees, throttling valves, orifices, reduced sections, or other flow disturbances.! After a pump, control valve, or double piping bend, up to 30 diameters of straight run may be required upstream from the flowmeter for greater accuracy. A distance of 5 diameters downstream is usually sufficient under all circumstances.! On horizontal pipes, always mount the transducers on the sides of the pipe, in the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock positions. (This avoids sediment along the bottom of the pipe and gas bubbles or air pockets along the top of the pipe, which can cause signal loss.)! Ensure that the pipe skin temperature is within the transducer temperature rating. The transducers are rated for -40 to +300 F (-40 to +150 C), at 77 F (25 C) ambient temperature. Higher ranges are available with optional high temperature transducer blocks (Section 4.5).! If possible, select a section of pipe where the inside is free from excessive corrosion or scaling. Such conditions can make accurate measurement difficult or impossible. If any or all of the above guidelines cannot be followed completely, it is still possible to obtain meaningful flow measurements, often with little or no loss of accuracy. A-60

61 Appendix C Figure 4-1 Site Recommendations A-61

62 Appendix C 4.2 Spacing and Mounting the Transducers In order to maximize signal strength and accuracy, it is essential to properly space and mount the transducers as follows: 1. Select a proper transducer site, following the guidelines in Section Configure the flowmeter (Chapter 3). As a minimum, enter the critical parameters listed in the quick setup procedure (Section 3.5). NOTE: For more information on which transducer mounting method to select when configuring the flowmeter, refer to Section 4.4. Once the flowmeter has been configured, the flowmeter calculates the required transducer spacing and stores it in Menu Access Menu 25 and note the value for the transducer spacing. NOTE: If the pipe outer diameter (OD) is between 1 and approximately 16 inches (25 and 406 millimeters), the slide track assembly may be used to simplify the mounting procedure. Refer to Section Refer to the installation instructions for the selected mounting method, as follows:! V method: Section 4.4.1! W method : Section 4.4.2! Z method: Section Clean the area of the pipe where the transducers are to be installed. Remove any rust, scale, or loose paint. (Well-bonded paint need not be removed.) IMPORTANT: On horizontal pipes, the transducers should be mounted in the 3 o clock and 9 o clock positions. This avoids sediment along the bottom and gas bubbles or air pockets along the top of the pipe, which can cause signal loss. 6. Apply a wide bead of PolyGlide sonic coupling compound lengthwise down the center of the face of each transducer. IMPORTANT: The coupling compound should squeeze out from around the edges of the transducer when it is placed against the pipe. There should be no air gaps between the transducer and the pipe. Refer to Section 4.6 for more information on applying and replacing PolyGlide and for information on the use of other sonic coupling compounds for high temperature, underground, or submerged installations. 7. Attach the transducers to the pipe using the stainless steel pipe clamps or the nylon (cloth) tie down straps (Section 4.7). Tighten both straps securely, ensuring that the transducers are aligned normal to the pipe (Section 4.3). A-62

63 Appendix C The flowmeter has two transducer cables: the upstream transducer cable, which has red-banded ends and the downstream transducer cable which has blue-banded ends. There are two BNC connectors for the transducer cables on the right side of the flowmeter. The upstream connector is in the uppermost position and the downstream connector is in the lower position when the case is opened (Figure 4-2). Reversing the cables on either the instrument or transducer ends will result in flow measurement in the reverse direction of actual flow. 8. Connect the transducer cables. 9. Calibrate the flowmeter if maximum possible accuracy is important (Chapter 5). 10. Access Menu 00. The flowmeter is now capable of accurately measuring velocity and flow USING THE SLIDE TRACK The transducer slide track (Figure 4-2) comes standard with the DCT It may be used for mounting transducers with the V or W mounting method, but cannot be used for the Z method. It is limited to pipe sizes with outer diameters of 1 to approximately 16 inches (25 to 406 millimeters). Although not required, the slide track is convenient for mounting the transducers since it has spacing measurements printed on its two rails. The top rail is marked off in inches (in 0.1 and 0.05 increments) and the bottom rail is marked off in millimeters. Figure 4-2 Using the Slide Track A-63

64 Appendix C To use the slide track: 1. Complete steps 1 through 3 in Section 4.2 to determine the transducer spacing. 2. Ensure that the inside face of the left transducer is aligned to the 0 (zero) spacing mark. If not, loosen the thumb screws and adjust its position accordingly. 3. Loosen the thumb screws on the right transducer. 4. Move the right transducer until the inside face of the transducer lines up with the spacing measurement provided in Menu Tighten the thumbscrews to lock the transducers in place. 6. Follow steps 4 through 10 in Section 4.2 to complete the installation. NOTE: The slide track is mounted to the pipe as a single assembly. 4.3 Aligning the Transducers The most critical requirement of transducer alignment is that the transducer face be aligned normal to the pipe. This is particularly critical on small pipes due to pipe curvature. Figure 4-3 shows a properly installed transducer and a one that has been installed improperly. Notice that the properly installed transducer contacts the pipe at the pipe s centerline and that the gaps on either side of the centerline are equal. Figure 4-3 Aligning the Transducers The easiest method of aligning transducers on small pipes is as follows: 1. Secure both transducers to the pipe with the metal bands, tightening the bands until the transducers are just snug. 2. Adjust the transducers until the gaps on both sides of the transducers are equal. 3. While holding the transducers in place, tighten the bands sufficiently to prevent the transducers from slipping and to allow proper operation of the flowmeter. A-64

65 Appendix C 4.4 Transducer Mounting Methods There are three methods of mounting the transducers, which are available in Menu 24. The best method is determined by the specific application. The mounting methods are as follows:! V method (Section 4.4.1)! W method (Section 4.4.2)! Z method (Section V METHOD The V method (Figure 4-4) is considered the standard method. It usually yields a more accurate reading than the Z method since it utilizes a longer measurement path. To mount the transducers with the V method, follow the procedures for spacing and mounting the transducers in Section 4.2. Ensure that the V method is selected during the configuration step. Figure 4-4 Mounting the Transducers with the V Method A-65

66 Appendix C W METHOD In many instances, flowmeter performance on small metallic pipes with outer diameters of 2 inches (51 millimeters) or less can be improved by using the W mounting method (Figure 4-5). With the W method, the sound wave traverses the fluid four times and bounces three times off the pipe walls. Like the V method, both transducers are mounted on the same side of the pipe. To mount the transducers with the W method, follow the procedures for spacing and mounting the transducers in Section 4.2. Ensure that the W method is selected during the configuration step. Figure 4-5 Mounting the Transducers with the W Method A-66

67 Appendix C Z METHOD The signal transmitted in a Z method installation has less attenuation than a signal transmitted in a V method installation. This is because the Z method utilizes a directly transmitted (rather than reflected) signal which transverses the liquid only once. The Z method (Figure 4-6) is used primarily in applications where the V method cannot work due to signal attenuation from excessive air or solids in the liquid, thick scale, poorly bonded linings, or very large pipes. In addition, the Z method generally works better on larger diameter pipes, where less pipe length is required for mounting. Figure 4-6 Mounting the Transducers with the Z Method A-67

68 Appendix C To mount the transducers using the Z-method: 1. Complete steps 1 through 4 in Section Establish a reference at both the 3 o clock and 9 o clock positions of the pipe (Figure 4-7). Figure 4-7 Establishing a 3 O clock and 9 O clock Reference (Z Method) 3. Place one of the transducers at the 3 o clock position (Figure 4-8). 4. Trace the shape of the 3 o clock transducer along its inside edge (opposite the cable connection) and draw a horizontal line at its center (Figure 4-8). Remove the transducer. NOTE: If the pipe is painted and can be marked, use a pipe marker or felt-tip marker. If it is not painted, scratch the outline on the pipe with a screwdriver, knife, or paint scraper. Figure 4-8 Tracing the 3 O clock Transducer (Z Method) 5. Obtain a continuous sheet of paper longer than the circumference of the pipe. NOTE: Calculator paper tape or thermal printer paper works well for this. A-68

69 Appendix C 6. Fold one end of the paper across its width to produce a clean, straight edge (Figure 4-9). 7. Line the fold of the paper up with the horizontal center line of the 3 o clock transducer (Figure 4-9). Figure 4-9 Wrapping the Gauging Paper Around the Pipe (Z Method) 8. Wrap the paper firmly around the pipe and mark the intersection point where the fold comes in contact with the rest of the paper (Figure 4-10). Figure 4-10 Marking the Intersection Point on the Paper (Z Method) 9. Take the paper off of the pipe. Placing the fold and the intersection mark together again, fold the paper evenly in half (Figure 4-11). Figure 4-11 Folding the Gauging Paper in Half (Z Method) A-69

70 Appendix C 10. Mark along the new fold (Figure 4-12). Figure 4-12 Marking Along the Fold (Z Method) 11. Draw a horizontal line along the pipe from the center line of the 3 o'clock transducer position (Figure 4-13). Use a level to ensure that the line is level with the top of the pipe. This line should be at least 3 inches (76 millimeters) longer than the transducer spacing calculated in Menu 25. For example, if the spacing is calculated to be 14 inches (356 millimeters), draw a 17 inch (432 millimeter) line. Figure 4-13 Drawing a Horizontal Line at the 3 O clock Position (Z Method) 12. Measure the spacing (obtained from Menu 25) from the inside edge of the 3 o'clock transducer, and mark this on the pipe (Figure 4-14). Figure 4-14 Marking the Transducer Spacing (Z Method) A-70

71 Appendix C 13. Wrap the paper firmly back on the pipe. Have the point where the ends of the paper come together line up with the horizontal line on the 3 o clock side of the pipe. Ensure that the inside corner of the straight edge is aligned with the mark made for the transducer spacing. Tape the paper down or have someone hold it in place (Figure 4-15). Figure 4-15 Replacing and Aligning the Gauging Paper (Z Method) 14. Go to the other side of the pipe (9 o clock position) and mark the pipe at the point where the marked fold and the inside edge of the paper length intersect (Figure 4-16). Figure 4-16 Marking the Intersection Point on the 9 O clock Side of the Pipe (Z Method) 15. Take the paper off of the pipe and trace the shape of the 9 o clock transducer (Figure 4-17), as was done for the 3 o clock transducer. Ensure that the inside edge of the transducer (opposite the cable connection) is even with the point just marked on the 9 o clock side of the pipe. Figure 4-17 Tracing the 9 O clock Transducer (Z Method) A-71

72 Appendix C 16. Mount the transducers with pipe straps by following steps 5 through 10 in Section 4.2 (Figure 4-18). Figure 4-18 Mounting the Transducers with Straps (Z Method) Figure 4-19 illustrates the final Z method installation. Figure 4-19 Final Z Mounting Method Installation A-72

73 Appendix C 4.5 High Temperature Transducer Blocks Optional high temperature blocks are available for applications with pipe temperatures ranging from 300 to 470$F (150 to 243$C). The blocks are installed between the transducer face and the pipe. NOTE: Do not use PolyGlide sonic coupling compound in applications where temperatures exceed 250 F (121 C). To use the high temperature blocks: 1. Configure the instrument as usual and select HI TEMP BLOCKS as the transducer type in Menu Apply a high temperature couplant (Dow Corning 111 or similar) to the face of the transducers. (Silicon RTV may be substituted if a more permanent bond is desired.) 3. Press the face of the transducers to the blocks. 4. Apply high temperature couplant to the other side of the blocks. The transducers are now ready to mount (Section 4.2). 4.6 Sonic Coupling Compound Any voids or air gaps that exist in the sonic coupling compound between the transducers and the pipe can attenuate the signal. PolyGlide sonic coupling compound should be protected from washout and replaced as required. Annual replacement is recommended for most applications to maintain optimal performance. To replace the PolyGlide compound: 1. Remove the transducers from the pipe. 2. Clean the old compound from the transducers and the pipe. 3. Apply a wide bead of compound lengthwise down the center of the face of each transducer. 4. Remount the transducers, verifying that the compound is squeezing out from underneath all sides of the transducers and forming a bead along the edges. A-73

74 Appendix C PolyGlide sonic coupling compound is in grease form and is made from a mineral oil base. It is rated for temperatures up to 250 F (121.1 C). Other coupling compounds are recommended for the following applications:! Silicon RTV (GE RTV-108 or similar) for underground or submerged transducer sites or sites where a more permanent bond is required. (The RTV should be completely cured prior to burial or submergence.)! A high temperature silicone couplant (Dow Corning 111 or similar) for applications requiring the use of high temperature blocks (for pipe skin temperatures up to 470 F [243 C]). High temperature couplant must be placed between the blocks and the pipe as well as between the blocks and the transducers. Silicon RTV may be substituted between the blocks and the transducers if a more permanent bond is desired. IMPORTANT: Do not bond the transducers with epoxy. 4.7 Nylon (Cloth) Tie-Down Straps Two nylon (cloth) tie-down straps are supplied with the flowmeter. The nylon straps are designed for quickly installing the transducers on pipes with outer diameters larger than 18 inches (457 millimeters). Each strap has a short section and a long section that connect together by hooks. The short section is attached to a ratcheting mechanism. The ratcheting mechanism tightens the strap sections to the pipe when the ratchet handle is opened and closed. To install transducers with the nylon pipe straps, refer to Figure 4-20 and complete the following steps: 1. With the ratchet handle A in the closed position, slip the end of the long strap section through the slot in the spindle B. 2. Connect the hooks together. 3. Place the strap over the transducer and around the pipe. 4. Pull on the end of the long strap section to take up the excess slack between the hooks. IMPORTANT: To avoid difficulty in releasing the transducers, the excess stack must be taken up before tightening the strap with the ratchet handle. 5. Tighten the strap with the ratchet handle by opening and closing the handle repeatedly until the transducer is held firmly in place against the pipe. 6. Lock the ratchet by leaving the ratchet handle in the fully closed position. A-74

75 Appendix C To release the nylon straps: 1. Pull back on the release pawl C located on the ratchet handle. (This allows the handle to be opened without tightening the strap.) 2. While holding the release pawl back, open the ratchet handle to the fully open position. 3. Pull the ratcheting mechanism away from the pipe. Figure 4-20 Nylon Tie Down Straps A-75

76 Appendix C CALIBRATION An important step in assuring accurate flow measurement is the proper calibration of the instrument and the installation. This chapter provides an overview of the calibration methods applicable to the DCT series of flowmeters. It covers the reasons why these calibration methods are necessary, and the order in which they should be performed. The calibration methods are:! Zero set calibration! Scale factor calibration These calibration methods must be performed for the particular pipe that is to be metered. Table 5-1 provides guidelines for selecting a calibration method: Table 5-1 Selecting the Calibration Method Calibration Method Function Application Zero set calibration! Zero flow set! Manual zero set Scale Factor Zeros the instrument for an actual no flow condition Applies a manually entered offset to all flow readings Compensates for variations in the inside diameter of the pipe Installations where flow can be stopped Where an offset is required As required on installations where the zero point has already been set and verified under zero flow conditions NOTE: The 4 to 20 milliampere (4 to 20 ma) current loop can also be calibrated for applications using a current loop. Refer to Chapter 6 for more information. 5.1 Zero Set Calibration Once the instrument is operating on the actual pipe to be metered, a small adjustment to the zero point, or zero set calibration, may be required to maximize accuracy at low flow rates. Zero set calibration allows the flowmeter to read very close to zero under zero flow conditions. There are two zero set calibration methods available in Menu 51: the zero flow set method (Section 5.1.2) and the manual zero set method (Section 5.1.3). The zero point used in either of these methods is displayed by selecting MANUAL in Menu 51. NOTE: After the instrument has been properly zeroed, it should display a stable reading well below 0.05 feet per second (0.015 meters per second) under zero flow conditions with the low flow cutoff disabled. A-76

77 Appendix C PRELIMINARY STEPS FOR ZERO SET CALIBRATIONS Before performing a zero set calibration, follow these preliminary steps: 1. Ensure that the transducers are connected to the pipe during the zero set calibration procedure. 2. Ensure that the instrument is reading flow. (Completing the Quick Setup procedure [Section 3.5] should accomplish this. The instrument must have successfully completed its internal configuration process as indicated on the display by the presence of a flow reading.) 3. Disable the low flow cutoff to allow the zeroing operation to be verified. (To disable the low flow cutoff, set the low flow cutoff value in Menu 34 to zero.) ZERO FLOW SET METHOD The best method of zeroing the instrument is to stop the flow and perform a zero flow set. on the pipe. The purpose of the zero flow set is to zero the instrument for the individual installation. This method is used only when the flow in the pipe can be stopped. To zero the instrument with the zero flow set method: 1. Follow the preliminary steps outlined in Section Ensure that there is no flow in the pipe. 3. Access Menu 51. The following is displayed: Set Zero!No Flow!Manual 4. Select NO FLOW. The following is momentarily displayed, indicating that the flowmeter is now calibrated with the zero flow set method: Zero Cal Ok Flow = 0.00 GPM MANUAL ZERO SET The zero point can be manually entered with the manual zero set method. This method should be used infrequently. Manual zero set applies a constant offset entered by the user to all readings. A-77

78 Appendix C Table 5-2 illustrates an example of a manual zero offset of 10 gallons per minute: Uncalibrated Flow Reading (before manual zero offset) Table 5-2 Example of Manual Zero Set Manual Zero Offset 250 GPM 10 GPM 240 GPM Calibrated Flow Reading (after manual zero offset) To zero the instrument with the manual zero set method: 1. Follow the preliminary steps outlined in Section Minimize the flow occurring in the pipe and determine the value of the required offset. 3. Access Menu Select MANUAL. The following is displayed: Zero Point 0.00 GPM 5. Enter the value of the required offset (for example, 10) and press ENTER. NOTE: A negative offset can be applied by first pressing the ± key. The flowmeter is now calibrated with the manual zero set method and the zero point offset is displayed: Zero Point GPM 5.2 Scale Factor Calibration After the instrument s zero point has been set and verified, a scale factor can be set to adjust the measured flow. The flow measured by the instrument is multiplied by this scale factor. (For example, if the displayed flow is twice the actual flow, a scale factor of 0.5 divides the displayed flow by 2. If the displayed flow is one-half of the actual flow, a scale factor of 2 doubles the displayed flow.) The primary reason for setting the scale factor is to compensate the instrument for manufacturing variations in the transducers. The scale factor printed on the transducer set should be entered in Menu 52. A-78

79 Appendix C SCALE FACTOR PRECAUTIONS Observe the following precautions when setting the scale factor:! Always determine the scale factor at the highest possible flow rate achievable in order to maximize the accuracy of the scale factor.! Use the factory preset scale factor as marked on the transducers in the following situations: - The flow cannot be stopped to verify or set the zero point - A reasonably high flow rate cannot be achieved - An accurate secondary flow standard is not available CHANGING THE SCALE FACTOR The scale factor is preset at the factory. The factory-set scale factor is displayed in Menu 52 and is imprinted on the transducers. If an additional scale factor is required by the user, the additional scale factor should be multiplied by the factory scale factor and the result should be entered. To enter a new scale factor: 1. Access Menu 52: Scale Factor Enter the new scale factor and press ENTER. The following is displayed (if the scale factor password is enabled [Menu 48]): Scale Fact Password?? 3. Enter the valid password and press ENTER. The new scale factor is displayed in Menu 52 and is entered into the flowmeter. IMPORTANT: The flowmeter ships from the factory with the scale factor password disabled. To maximize security, a new scale factor password should be entered immediately. Refer to Menu 48 in Section A-79

80 Appendix C CONFIGURING THE CURRENT LOOP The flowmeter has a 4 to 20 milliampere (4 to 20 ma) current loop output. The current loop can be calibrated and tested and the span for the current loop can be set. NOTE: The current loop can be selected to be self-powered or loop powered (Section 2.3). To calibrate, test, and set the span for the current loop: 1. Connect a milliammeter to the 4 to 20 ma terminals on the breakout box of the DCT-7088 (Figure 2-1). 2. Access Menu 58: 4 ma Calibrate <-- --> 3. Press the RIGHT or LEFT ARROW keys to adjust the 4 ma set point until the value reads exactly 4.00 ma on the milliammeter and press ENTER. The following is displayed: 20 ma Calibrate <-- --> 4. Repeat step 3 for entering the 20 ma set point. 5. To verify the accuracy of the current loop, access Menu 59: Current Loop Test <-- 4 ma --> The value of the output (in milliamperes) appears on the second line of the display. 6. Change the current loop output in 1 ma increments using the RIGHT or LEFT ARROW keys. The values displayed on the display should be the same as the values on the milliammeter. If the values do not match, the current loop output should be recalibrated and retested (steps 2 through 6). 7. To set the current loop span (the span of flow vs. current), access Menu 57: Span? 4 ma 0.00 Gal/S A-80

81 Appendix C 8. Enter a flow rate which equals the 4 ma (minimum anticipated) reading and press ENTER. 9. Press the DOWN ARROW key. The following is displayed: Span? 20 ma 0.00 Gal/S 10. Enter a flow rate which equals the 20 ma (full scale) reading and press ENTER. 11. Access Menu 00 to complete the current loop calibration process. A-81

82 Appendix C SERVICE SUPPORT AND WARRANTY This chapter covers the procedures for obtaining service support and provides warranty information for the DCT Due to the complex nature of microprocessor based equipment, it is not feasible to attempt internal repairs or service in the field other than replacement of fuses (Section 1.5.1) and software upgrades (Section 1.7). 7.1 Resolving the Problem If the unit does not perform satisfactorily, complete the following steps in order until the problem is resolved: 1. Verify that the flowmeter was properly configured and calibrated and that the transducer site was suitable. Refer to the following chapters for more information:! Chapter 3 - configuration! Chapter 4 - transducer installation! Chapter 5 - calibration 2. Contact the installation contractor or representative through which the instrument was purchased (Section 7.2). 3. Contact Polysonics to attempt to resolve the problem over the phone (Section 7.3). 4. Return the unit to Polysonics for repair (Section 7.4) or arrange for Polysonics field service (Section 7.5). 7.2 Local Representative Support The local Polysonics representative is the first contact for support and is well equipped to answer questions and provide application assistance. Your representative has access to product information and current software revisions. 7.3 Contacting Polysonics by Phone Before contacting Polysonics by phone, make a note of the instrument's model and serial number. Have the operating parameters of the application available (type of fluid, pipe size, pipe material, fluid velocity, temperature, etc.). If the problem cannot be remedied over the phone, the service engineer may request that the instrument be returned to the factory for repair. The address and telephone numbers of the service centers are listed in Section 7.4. A-82

83 Appendix C 7.4 Factory Service If Polysonics determines that the problem cannot be resolved over the phone, the entire unit should be returned to Polysonics' service department or arrangements made for Polysonics field service (Section 7.5). The Polysonics Service Department should be contacted before returning an instrument for repair. The service department issues an RMA number which must be placed on the outside of the shipping box in order for the receiving dock to accept the shipment. A letter should be included with the instrument fully explaining the symptoms of the failure as well as details regarding the application in which the unit was being operated (type of fluid, pipe size, pipe material, fluid velocity, temperature, etc.). This letter is required for all units including those returned for warranty repairs. Service cannot be adequately performed until this written information is received. To ship an instrument to Polysonics: 1. Ensure that the instrument is well packed (in its original shipping box, if available). 2. Include the letter of explanation. 3. Write the RMA number on the outside of the shipping box. 4. Send the unit freight-paid to one of the following service centers: North American Service Center (USA) Peek Measurement, Inc Landsbury, Suite 300 Houston, Texas USA Telephone: (713) Facsimile: (713) European Service Centre (UK) Peek Measurement, Ltd. King's Worthy Winchester, Hampshire SO23 7QA UK Telephone: (01962) Facsimile: (01962) Peek Measurement pays the return freight if the unit is under warranty. All repairs are made in accordance with the Peek Measurement limited warranty (Section 7.6). 7.5 Field Service Field service is available and is recommended in some instances. All field service calls are to be scheduled in advance and paid for by the customer. Contact Peek Measurement for rates. A-83

84 Appendix C 7.6 WARRANTY Peek Measurement products are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship at the time of shipment and for one year thereafter. Any claimed defects in Peek Measurement products must be reported within the warranty period. Peek Measurement shall have the right to inspect such products at buyer's plant or to require buyer to return such products to Peek Measurement plant. In the event Peek Measurement request return of its products, Buyer shall ship with transportation charges paid by the Buyer to Peek Measurement plant. Shipment of repaired or replacement goods from Peek Measurement plant shall be F.O.B. Peek Measurement plant. A shop charge may apply for alignment and calibration services. Peek Measurement shall be liable only to replace or repair, at its option, free of charge, products which are found by Peek Measurement to be defective in material or workmanship, and which are reported to Peek Measurement within the warranty period as provided above. This right to replacement shall be Buyer's exclusive remedy against Peek Measurement. Peek Measurement shall not be liable for labor charges or other losses or damages of any kind or description, including but not limited to, incidental, special or consequential damages caused by defective products. This warranty shall be void if recommendations provided by Peek Measurement or its Sales Representatives are not followed concerning methods of operation, usage and storage or exposure to corrosive conditions. Materials and/or products furnished to Peek Measurement by other suppliers shall carry no warranty except such suppliers' warranties as to materials and workmanship. Peek Measurement disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied, with respect to such products. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE AGREED TO IN WRITING BY PEEK MEASUREMENT, THE WARRANTIES GIVEN ABOVE ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AND PEEK MEASUREMENT HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, INCLUDING THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR PURPOSE Landsbury, Suite 300! Houston, Texas USA Telephone: (713) ! Facsimile: (713) King's Worthy! Winchester, Hampshire SO23 7QA UK Telephone: (01962) ! Facsimile: (01962) A-84

85 Appendix C POLYLINK FLOWMETER DATA LINK UTILITY PolyLink is a universal communications utility for Polysonics flowmeters, replacing PXU. It provides the following remote functions (depending on the flowmeter model):! Monitoring and configuring (Section A.3)! Data log file downloads and deletions (Section A.5)! Software uploads (Section A.6)! Graphical signal analysis (Section A.7) Table A-1 lists the available PolyLink features by flowmeter model as of the date of this printing: Flowmeter Model Remote Configuring and Monitoring Table A-1 PolyLink Feature Availability Data log Downloads and Deletions Software Uploads Graphical Signal Analysis DDF3088 No Yes No 1 No 2 DDF Yes 4 Yes Yes Yes DDF4488 Yes 4 Yes Yes Yes DDF5088 Yes N/A No 5 No 6 DCT-6088 Yes 4 Yes Yes 7 No 8 DCT-7088 Yes 4 Yes Yes 7 No 8 ISTT Yes 4 Yes N/A No ISTT-P Yes 4 Yes N/A No 1 The DDF3088 may be upgraded with the HCOM utility, which is provided on the PlantCom Utility Software diskette. 2 The graphical signal analysis feature is available through the DDF3088 s integrated keypad and display. 3 The DDF4088 must have version 1.1 or higher installed to communicate with PolyLink. 4 VT100 mode. 5 The DDF5088 may be upgraded with the Loader utility, which is provided on the PlantCom Utility Software diskette. 6 The graphical signal analysis feature for the DDF5088 is available with the optional WinFLOW utility. 7 The DCT series of flowmeters are upgraded with a utility provided with the upgraded software. 8 The graphical signal analysis feature for the DCT series of flowmeters is available with the TimeGATE utility. PolyLink is available on the PlantCom Utility Software diskette from Polysonics or by modem download from the Polysonics Bulletin Board System (BBS) at (713) (For procedures on using the BBS, refer to the file BBS.TXT, available on the PlantCom Utility Software diskette.) PolyLink is also available in the zipped software upload files for the flowmeters listed in Table A-1. NOTE: For information on using PolyLink with a DDF5088, refer to the DDF5088 instruction manual. A-85

86 Appendix C A.1 Hardware Requirements The flowmeter can be configured with PolyLink using an IBM-compatible PC or a DDF3088 flowmeter. The PC must be a minimum of an XT with 640K RAM. If a DDF3088 is used, the flow program operating in the DDF3088 must be version 2.2 or higher. The only other hardware requirement is a null modem cable. The com port of the PC connects to the RS232 port of the flowmeter with a null modem cable. The RS232 port of the flowmeter has a male DB9 or male DB25 connector, depending on the flowmeter model. If the cable length is relatively short, a remote terminal can connect directly to the flowmeter. For extended distances, short haul modems must be used and are available with the PlantCom Plus package (Section A.1.1). The short haul modems are supplied with their own terminal blocks and wiring diagrams for connection to field wiring. NOTE: If PolyLink is run from a DDF3088, one of the following is required:! The optional RS232 Com Cable (Rev. B) which is connected directly between the DDF3088 and the flowmeter. (The RS232 Com Cable is a custom null modem cable for use with the DDF3088.)! The optional charging rack which docks with the DDF3088. The charging rack connects to the flowmeter with a null modem cable through the rack s DB25 male connector (located on the right side of the rack). Procedures provided in this document are based on connecting the DDF3088 with the RS232 Com Cable. A.1.1 PLANTCOM AND PLANTCOM PLUS Polysonics offers two optional plant communication packages, PlantCom and PlantCom Plus, which provide the following hardware for use with PolyLink:! PlantCom: a 6 ft (1.83 m) null modem cable (DB25 female to DB25 female) and two adapters (DB25 male to DB9 female).! PlantCom Plus: all items provided with the PlantCom version plus two short haul modems. These modems allow communications over a four-wire line for a distance of several miles. In addition to the above hardware, PlantCom and PlantCom Plus include the PlantCom Utility Software diskette which contains several flowmeter communication and file transfer utilities. A-86

87 Appendix C A.2 Installing and Running PolyLink The procedures for installing and running PolyLink vary slightly, depending on whether PolyLink is run from an IBM-compatible PC (Section A.2.1) or a DDF3088 (Section A.2.2). PolyLink comes in the self-extracting zipped file PLXXXZ.EXE. The zipped file name used in these procedures includes the letters XXX and Z. The XXX stands for the current software version number contained in the file. The Z indicates that it is a self-extracting zipped file. For example, PolyLink software version 2.00 would be in a file named PL200Z.EXE and would be represented in these procedures by the file name PLXXXZ.EXE. (Wherever a file name in these procedures contains the letters XXX, the current software version number should be substituted for the Xs.) A.2.1 RUNNING POLYLINK FROM AN IBM-COMPATIBLE PC To run PolyLink from an IBM-compatible PC: 1. Ensure that the flowmeter is turned on and that the flow program is running. 2. Connect the null modem cable from the flowmeter to the PC. IMPORTANT: When connecting PolyLink to a DDF4088, DDF4488, or DCT-6088, use the DB25 connector located beneath the keypad. (Do not use the flowmeter s DB9 connector with PolyLink.) 3. Go to the C: prompt on the PC. IMPORTANT: If Windows is running on the PC, totally exit Windows before going to the C: prompt. Do not click on the MS-DOS prompt icon as a means of going to the C: prompt as this may cause connectivity problems. Use the following procedures for totally exiting Windows to the C: prompt, depending on the version of Windows that is running:! For Windows 3.1: - Close all applications. - Exit the Windows session from the Program Manager window.! For Windows 95: - Close all applications. - Click on the START button on the Windows 95 taskbar. - Click on the SHUTDOWN button. - Click on the button labeled RESTART THE COMPUTER IN MS-DOS MODE. A-87

88 Appendix C 4. Create a directory called DDF (if the DDF directory does not already exist). NOTE: To create the DDF directory, enter the following commands at the C: prompt one at a time, pressing ENTER after each one: C: CD\ MD DDF 5. Copy PLXXXZ.EXE to the DDF directory (substituting the current version number for the Xs): If the file was received on diskette, it should be copied from the diskette drive. If the file was downloaded from the BBS, it should be copied from the directory where the modem software placed it. NOTE: To copy the file PLXXXZ.EXE to the DDF directory:! Go to the directory where PLXXXZ.EXE is located. (If PLXXXZ.EXE is located on diskette, insert the diskette into the diskette drive. Enter the drive letter followed by a colon and press ENTER. For example, if the diskette drive is drive A, enter A: and press ENTER.)! Enter the following (substituting the correct version number for the Xs) and press ENTER: COPY PLXXXZ.EXE C:\DDF 6. Go to the DDF directory. NOTE: To go to the DDF directory, enter the following commands one at a time, pressing ENTER after each one: C: CD\ CD DDF 7. Unzip PLXXXZ.EXE by typing the file name PLXXXZ (without the extension) and pressing ENTER. (Substitute the correct version number for the Xs): NOTE: A message may be displayed while PLXXXZ.EXE is unzipping indicating that a file with the same name already exists. Enter Y (for YES) for permission to overwrite the file and press ENTER. PLXXXZ.EXE produces the unzipped file PL.EXE. 8. Enter PL and press ENTER. The PolyLink welcome screen is displayed. 9. Press ENTER again. A-88

89 Appendix C The message CONNECTING...is displayed for several seconds while the PC and the flowmeter attempt to establish communication. If the units connect, the VT100 screen is displayed (Figure A-1). If the units do not connect, the RS232 settings may need to be reconfigured (Section A.4) or Windows may still be running in the background. (Refer to the IMPORTANT comment appearing after step 3.) NOTE: If communicating with a DDF5088, VT100 mode is not available, and a different screen is displayed instead. Refer to Chapter 4 of the DDF5088 manual for more information. Figure A-1 VT100 Screen VT100 mode provides the ability to remotely monitor and configure the flowmeter (Section A.3). From the VT100 screen, the following additional functions can be selected by pressing the appropriate function keys displayed at the bottom of the screen:! RS232 parameter setup (Section A.4)! Data log file downloads and deletions (Section A.5)! Software uploads (Section A.6)! Graphical signal analysis for the DDF4088 and DDF4488 (Section A.7) A-89

90 Appendix C 10. To exit PolyLink from a PC, press F10 to back out of the program one screen at a time until the C: prompt is displayed. A.2.2 RUNNING POLYLINK FROM A DDF3088 To run PolyLink from a DDF3088, the DDF3088 must have software version 2.2 or higher installed. Due to the limited size of the DDF3088 display, the PolyLink screens are slightly different than those on a PC. In addition, the PolyLink options on a DDF3088 may require a different function key. The function key options on a DDF3088 are listed above the associated function key. CAUTION: Before running PolyLink from a DDF3088, note all setup parameters entered in the DDF3088 flow program. When PolyLink is run from a DDF3088, most setup parameters are erased, including those for Battery Setup. After exiting PolyLink, the DDF3088 flow program restarts, requesting new Battery Setup parameters first. To run PolyLink from a DDF3088: 1. Ensure that both the DDF3088 and the flowmeter are turned on and that the flow program is running on the flowmeter. 2. Screw the round connector of the optional RS232 Com Cable into the RS232 port of the DDF3088. (The RS232 port is located on the top left of the instrument farthest from the Polysonics logo [Figure A-2].) Figure A-2 Connecting the RS232 Com Cable to the DDF3088 A-90

91 Appendix C 3. Connect the other end of the cable to the flowmeter. IMPORTANT: When connecting PolyLink to a DDF4088 or DDF4488, use the DB25 connector located beneath the keypad. (Do not use the flowmeter s DB9 connector with PolyLink.) 4. Unzip PLXXXZ.EXE on a computer by completing steps 3 through 7 in Section A Install PL.EXE in the C:\T directory of the DDF3088 using the HCOM file transfer utility (located in the self extracting HCOMZ.EXE file). Exit HCOM when the file transfer is complete by pressing the ESC key. NOTE: For instructions on using HCOM, refer to the text file HCOM.TXT on the Polysonics Bulletin Board System (BBS) or on the PlantCom Utility Software diskette. It may be necessary to delete some or all of the data log files with HCOM if insufficient disk space is available for installing PL.EXE. 6. From the C: prompt (or C:\T prompt) of the DDF3088, run the DDF3088 flowmeter program by entering AUTOEXEC and pressing the YES (ENTER) key. Answer all the prompts, pressing the YES (ENTER) key until the Battery Setup screen is displayed. 7. Enter the Battery Setup parameters, pressing ENTER after each one until the Main Menu is displayed. 8. Press F1 to select SETUP. 9. Press the DOWN ARROW key twice to scroll through the Setup menus. 10. Press F4 to select RS232 SETUP. 11. Press F3 to select POLYLINK. The following message is displayed: WARNING: POLYLINK WILL CAUSE FLOWMETER SETUP PARAMETERS TO BE LOST. CONTINUE? (Y/N) 12. Press Y to continue or N to return to the SETUP menus. The PolyLink welcome screen is displayed. 13. Press ENTER. 14. Refer to the PolyLink connection information that follows step 9 in Section A To exit PolyLink from a DDF3088, press the ESC key to back out of the program one screen at a time until the Battery Setup screen is displayed. NOTE: To maximize the space available for data logging, PolyLink (PL.EXE) should be deleted from the DDF3088 when it is no longer needed. This can be done with the HCOM utility. PolyLink can be reinstalled as necessary. A-91

92 Appendix C A.3 Remote Monitoring and Configuring (VT100 Mode) When PolyLink successfully connects to one of the following flowmeters, the VT100 screen is displayed:! DDF4088! DCT-7088! DDF4488! ISTT! DCT-6088! ISTT-P VT100 mode provides the ability to remotely monitor and configure the flowmeter. From the VT100 screen, additional functions can be selected by pressing the appropriate function keys listed at the bottom of the screen (Figure A-1). In VT100 mode, the remote terminal has the same data displayed as the flowmeter s LCD display. In addition, the keys on the remote terminal program the flowmeter in the same manner as the corresponding keys on the flowmeter s keypad. The corresponding keys are listed in Table A-2: Table A-2 Corresponding Keys on Flowmeter and Remote Terminal Flowmeter Keypad Remote Terminal Keyboard Arrow keys Arrow keys Enter key Enter key Menu key M key Numeric keys 0-9 Numeric keys 0-9 Period key (.) Period key (.) +/- key - key Erase key Delete key or backspace key NOTE: VT100 mode is not available if the PC is connected to a DDF3088 or a DDF5088. However, the DDF5088 can be remotely monitored and configured in PolyLink using a non-vt100 mode. Refer to Chapter 4 of the DDF5088 manual for more information. A.3.1 DIAGNOSTIC DISPLAY MODE If an ISTT or ISTT-P flowmeter is connected to a remote terminal, the VT100 screen can be displayed in either the normal mode or the Diagnostic Display mode. In the Diagnostic Display mode, data is continually being updated on the display to correspond to changes in flow or to changes made in the flowmeter s setup parameters. The data is updated "in place" so that the display can be viewed without the data continually scrolling up the screen. A-92

93 Appendix C To enter the Diagnostic Display mode from the normal VT100 mode, press TAB on the remote terminal keyboard. The following is displayed: UNIT I.D. #0 ISTT DIAGNOSTIC DISPLAY 00: UP DOWN SCALE FACTOR... WIN_DLY ZERO OFFSET 0.00 (us)... (GPD) SE>R nsec OFFSET... BIAS usec OFFSET... AGC XMT_DET_DLY(us) SIG. STG AERATION FACTOR MISSED 0 0 TRANSDUCER: STANDARD /V TIME (us)... 2 FLUID (F/S) DEL TIME REYNOLDS 4000 (ns) NO... DIFF 91 PROFILE COUNT... FACTOR... PZX ACO...(0. - FLOW: ) 1.93 GPD AERATION SE-U (3) : * SE-D (3) : * A-93

94 Appendix C Figure A-3 Diagnostic Display Screen (ISTT/ISTT-P) Pressing TAB a second time exits the Diagnostic Display mode and returns the display to the normal VT100 mode. NOTE: The Diagnostic Display Mode is not available for the ISTT or ISTT-P when running PolyLink on a DDF3088. A-94

95 Appendix C A.4 RS232 Setup If the remote terminal has difficulty connecting with the flowmeter, the RS232 settings may need to be reconfigured. If so, the CONNECTING... message is displayed for approximately 30 seconds and the following message is displayed: COMMUNICATION ERROR PRESS ESC KEY TO EXIT POLYLINK, ANY OTHER KEY TO SETUP RS After pressing a key, the RS232 Setup screen is displayed: Use keys to modify item. Use keys to select item. RS232 Setup PORT: COM1 Figure A-4 RS232 Setup Screen To configure the RS232 settings: 1. Use the RIGHT and LEFT ARROW keys to select a parameter (com port, baud rate, parity, stop bits, and character size). 2. Use the UP and DOWN ARROW keys to modify the selected parameter. 3. Select SET to save the settings and to exit the RS232 Setup screen. NOTE: The first time that PolyLink is run on the remote terminal, the RS232 Setup screen is displayed. This is normal. Verify that the RS232 settings are correct and select SET to save the settings for future PolyLink connections. A-95

96 Appendix C A.5 Data Logger Data log files can be deleted from the flowmeter s memory or transferred from the flowmeter to a remote terminal for record keeping and analysis. In addition, if PolyLink is run from a DDF3088, the transferred data log files can be viewed in strip chart format (Section A.5.2). To display the data logger screen, select DATA LOGGER from the VT100 screen (Figure A-5). The number of data log files available for transfer is displayed in the top left corner of the screen. NOTE: The DDF4088 and each channel of the DDF4488 have one data log file each with approximately data points. The DCT-6088 has one data log file with approximately 50,000 data points. The data logger in these flowmeters is always enabled (always recording data). When all available data points are recorded, the data logger records over the previous data points one at a time, starting with the oldest points first, in a continuous loop. 5 DATA LOG FILE(S) Figure A-5 Data Logger Screen A-96

97 Appendix C A.5.1 TRANSFERRING A DATA LOG FILE To transfer a data log file: 1. From the Data Logger screen, use the arrow keys to select a data log file. 2. Select TRANSFER FILE. The following message is displayed: ENTER DESTINATION FILE NAME: 3. Enter the new file name for the transferred file and press ENTER. NOTE: The following rules apply to the new name selected for the data log file:! The new file name for the transferred file may have up to eight valid characters and an extension of up to three valid characters.! If running PolyLink from a PC and the destination for the file is different than the current directory used by PolyLink, a full path file name should be entered.! If running PolyLink from a DDF3088, the destination for the file is predetermined and is not selectable. In addition, to be able to view the transferred file on the DDF3088 in strip chart format, the new file name must include a.dfm extension. After the file name is entered, the following is displayed: DISPLAY XXXXXXXX S INFORMATION: DATE: TIME: 00:00:00 UNITS: XXX CONVF e+00 INTERVAL: SIZE: 0 A rotating cursor is displayed indicating that the transfer is in progress. After the transfer is finished, the following is displayed: TRANSFER COMPLETE A.5.2 VIEWING A DATA LOG FILE IN STRIP CHART FORMAT If PolyLink is run from a DDF3088 (Section A.2.2), any transferred data log files which contain a.dfm extension can be viewed as strip charts in the DDF3088 flow program. To view a transferred file in strip chart format on a DDF3088: 1. Press the ESC key on the DDF3088 twice to exit PolyLink. 2. Enter the Battery Setup parameters for the DDF3088 flow program, pressing ENTER after each one. A-97

98 Appendix C The DDF3088 Main Menu is displayed. 3. Press F1 to select SETUP. 4. Press the DOWN ARROW key twice to scroll through the setup menus. 5. Press F3 to select DATA LOG. 6. Press F4 to select VIEW FILES. 7. Use the ARROW keys to move the cursor to the desired file. 8. Press F1 to select the strip chart function. The selected file is displayed as a strip chart on the display of the DDF3088. Since the files are drawn on the screen one data point at a time, large files require more time to be displayed than small files. A.5.3 DELETING A DATA LOG FILE To delete a data log file: 1. From the Data Logger screen, select DELETE FILE. The following message is displayed: DELETE XXXXXXX. ARE YOU SURE? [Y/N] 2. Press Y to continue or N to cancel the delete request. 3. Press ENTER. NOTE: If the delete function is selected for the DDF4088, DDF4488, or DCT-6088, the data log file itself is not deleted, but the data points in it are cleared (set to zero). A.6 Uploading Software on the DDF4088 and DDF4488 PolyLink can be used to upload software for the DDF4088 and DDF4488. The software upgrades are provided in the self-extracting zipped file 4088XXXZ.EXE. The zipped file name used in these procedures includes the letters XXX and Z. The XXX stands for the current software version number contained in the file. The Z indicates that it is a self-extracting zipped file. For example, DDF4088 software version 2.01 would be in a file named Z.EXE and would be represented in these procedures by the file name 4088XXXZ.EXE. (Wherever a file name in these procedures contains the letters XXX, the current software version number should be substituted for the Xs.) The software upgrade file is available on diskette from Polysonics or by modem download from the Polysonics Bulletin Board System (BBS) at (713) (For procedures on using the BBS, refer to the file BBS.TXT, available on the PlantCom Utility Software diskette.) A-98

99 Appendix C A.6.1 UPGRADING THE FLOWMETER SOFTWARE WITH POLYLINK This section describes how to upgrade the flowmeter s software using the PolyLink utility. IMPORTANT: For initial software upgrades of the DDF4088 (that is, DDF4088 upgrades from version 1.0 to any other version), a utility other than PolyLink is used. Refer to Section A.6.2. To upgrade the flowmeter software using the PolyLink utility: 1. Complete steps 1 through 4 in Section A.2.1 (to prepare to run PolyLink and to create the DDF directory). Do not run PolyLink yet. NOTE: If using a DDF3088 to run PolyLink, ensure that the DDF3088 is properly connected to the flowmeter with the RS232 Com Cable (Rev B) by completing steps 1 through 3 in Section A Copy the software upgrade file to the DDF directory. If the file was received on diskette, it should be copied from the diskette drive. If the file was downloaded from the BBS, it should be copied from the directory where the modem software placed it. NOTE: To copy the software upgrade file to the DDF directory:! Go to the directory where the software upgrade file is located. (If it is located on diskette, insert the diskette into the diskette drive. Enter the drive letter followed by a colon and press ENTER. For example, if the diskette drive is drive A, enter A: and press ENTER.)! Enter the following command (substituting the correct version number for the Xs) and press ENTER: COPY 4088XXXZ.EXE C:\DDF 3. Go to the DDF directory. NOTE: To go to the DDF directory, enter the following commands one at a time, pressing ENTER after each one: C: CD\ CD DDF 4. To unzip the software upgrade file, enter the following file name (without the extension) and press ENTER: 4088XXXZ IMPORTANT: Substitute the correct version number for the Xs. NOTE: A message may be displayed during the unzipping process indicating that a file with the same name already exists. Enter Y (for yes) for permission to overwrite the file and press ENTER whenever this occurs. A-99

100 Appendix C Unzipping 4088XXXZ.EXE produces several files, including:! 4088.EXE! PLXXXZ.EXE NOTE: PLXXXZ.EXE is a zipped file containing the file PL.EXE. It should be unzipped by typing PLXXXZ (substituting the correct version number for the Xs) and pressing ENTER before continuing. 5. From the DDF directory run PolyLink by entering PL and pressing ENTER. NOTE: If using a DDF3088, complete the following steps:! Use the HCOM utility to delete all unnecessary files from the C:\T directory. (For instructions on using HCOM, refer to the text file HCOM.TXT on the Polysonics Bulletin Board System [BBS] or on the PlantCom Utility Software diskette.)! Use HCOM to transfer PL.EXE and 4088.EXE to the C:\T directory.! Exit HCOM by pressing the ESC key on the DDF3088.! Run PolyLink on the DDF3088 by completing steps 6 through 12 in Section A.2.2. The PolyLink welcome screen is displayed. NOTE: If the units have trouble connecting, refer to the connection information following step 9 in Section A Press ENTER again to display the VT100 screen. A-100

101 Appendix C 7. From the VT100 screen select S/W UPLOAD. The Software Upload Screen is displayed: Software Upload ENTER FLOWMETER PROGRAM FILE NAME: Figure A-6 Software Upload Screen 8. Enter 4088.EXE and press ENTER: A rotating cursor is displayed indicating that the file is transferring to the flowmeter. After the transfer is complete, the following message is displayed: UPLOAD COMPLETE. RESTART THE FLOWMETER. (CONSULT CURRENT INSTRUCTION MANUAL OR ADDENDUM.) PRESS ANY KEY Exit PolyLink (before restarting the flowmeter). 10. Restart the flowmeter by turning the power off and back on. While the flowmeter is initializing, the new software version number momentarily appears on the flowmeter's display to indicate a successful upgrade. In addition, the software version number can be verified by viewing it in the flowmeter s software display menu. A-101

102 Appendix C NOTE 1: NOTE 2: If a prompt is displayed on the DDF4088 requesting a serial number, refer to Section A.6.3. If the software upgrade was performed from a DDF3088, the software upgrade files should be deleted from the DDF3088 using the HCOM utility. This allows more space for recording data log files. However, if sufficient space exists for normal data log recording, PL.EXE may be left in place for future usage of PolyLink. A.6.2 INITIAL UPGRADES OF THE DDF4088 (NON-POLYLINK UPGRADE) There are two separate procedures for upgrading the DDF4088, depending on the version of software that is currently installed in the flowmeter, as follows:! Procedure for initial upgrades (that is, upgrades from version 1.0 to any other version)! Procedure for all subsequent upgrades (that is, all upgrades from version 1.1 or higher to any other version) Initial upgrades of a DDF4088 do not use the PolyLink utility, but the initial upgrade procedure is provided in this section for reference. Once the initial upgrade is performed, all subsequent upgrades are handled through PolyLink (Section A.6.1). To perform an initial upgrade of the DDF4088: 1. Turn off power to the DDF Open the door on the DDF4088 and remove the sheetmetal access cover (attached by two screws). 3. Connect a null modem cable to the DB9 connector on the main board of the DDF4088 (not to the DB25 connector as is done with PolyLink). 4. Connect the other end of the null modem cable to the PC. NOTE: If using a DDF3088, skip steps 3 and 4. Connect the round end of the RS232 Com Cable to the RS232 port of the DDF3088 (Figure A-2). Connect the other end of the cable to the DB9 connector of the DDF4088. A-102

103 Appendix C 5. Go to the C: prompt on the PC. IMPORTANT: If Windows is running on the PC, totally exit Windows before going to the C: prompt. Do not click on the MS-DOS prompt icon as a means of going to the C: prompt as this may cause connectivity problems. Use the following procedures for totally exiting Windows to the C: prompt, depending on the version of Windows that is running:! For Windows 3.1: - Close all applications. - Exit the Windows session from the Program Manager window.! For Windows 95: - Close all applications. - Click on the START button on the Windows 95 taskbar. - Click on the SHUTDOWN button. - Click on the button labeled RESTART THE COMPUTER IN MS-DOS MODE. 6. Create a directory called DDF (if the DDF directory does not already exist). NOTE: To create the DDF directory, enter the following commands at the C: prompt one at a time, pressing ENTER after each one: C: CD\ MD DDF 7. Copy 4088XXXZ.EXE to the DDF directory (substituting the current version number for the Xs): If the file was received on diskette, it should be copied from the diskette drive. If the file was downloaded from the BBS, it should be copied from the directory where the modem software placed it. NOTE: To copy the file 4088XXXZ.EXE to the DDF directory:! Go to the directory where 4088XXXZ.EXE is located. (If 4088XXXZ.EXE is located on diskette, insert the diskette into the diskette drive. Enter the drive letter followed by a colon and press ENTER. For example, if the diskette drive is drive A, enter A: and press ENTER.)! Enter the following (substituting the correct version number for the Xs) and press ENTER: COPY 4088XXXZ.EXE C:\DDF A-103

104 Appendix C 8. Go to the DDF directory. NOTE: To go to the DDF directory, enter the following commands one at a time, pressing ENTER after each one: C: CD\ CD DDF 9. Unzip 4088XXXZ.EXE by typing the file name 4088XXXZ (without the extension) and pressing ENTER. (Substitute the correct version number for the Xs). NOTE: A message may be displayed during the unzipping process indicating that a file with the same name already exists. Enter Y (for yes) for permission to overwrite the file and press ENTER whenever this occurs. Unzipping 4088XXXZ.EXE produces several files, including:! UPGR4088.BAT! COMM.EXE! SELECTKB.EXE! STARTUP.BAT! 4088.EXE NOTE: If using a DDF3088, complete the following steps:! Use the HCOM utility to delete all unnecessary files from the C:\T directory. (For instructions on using HCOM, refer to the text file HCOM.TXT on the Polysonics Bulletin Board System [BBS] or on the PlantCom Utility Software diskette.)! Use HCOM to transfer the unzipped files listed above to the C:\T directory.! Exit HCOM by pressing the ESC key on the DDF3088.! Enter the following commands, pressing YES (ENTER) after each one, to go to the C:\T directory of the DDF3088: CD\ CD\T A-104

105 Appendix C 10. Enter UPGR4088 and press ENTER if the cable is connected to com port 1. NOTE: The DDF3088 uses com port 1. A flashing cursor appears in the upper left corner of the screen. NOTE: If the cable is connected to a com port other than com port 1, do not enter UPGR4088. Instead enter the following command (substituting the X for the correct com port number) and press ENTER: COMM /B9600 /COMX Ensure that there is a space after COMM and after B Disconnect power from the DDF Reconnect power to the DDF Press ESCAPE immediately after the displayed memory check has completed and before the batch file finishes running. A series of messages is displayed, including BAD OR MISSING (B:\CONFIG.SYS). This is normal and no corrective actions are necessary. After several seconds, the B:\ prompt is displayed. If the batch file does not run and the B:\ prompt is not displayed, the RS232 settings may need to be reconfigured and steps 10 through 13 repeated. (For help in reconfiguring the RS232 settings on a PC, press F1.) IMPORTANT: If the A: prompt is ever displayed, enter B: and press ENTER before proceeding. 14. From the B:\ prompt enter DEL *.* and press ENTER. A message is displayed indicating that all files in the current directory will be deleted. 15. Enter Y (for yes) for permission to delete the files and press ENTER. 16. Enter TRANSFER -R 4088.EXE and press ENTER. NOTE: Ensure that there is a space after TRANSFER and after -R. (On a DDF3088, the hyphen character is accessed by simultaneously pressing the SHIFT and K keys.) The message RECEIVING 4088.EXE... is displayed indicating that the B: drive is ready to receive the file. Do not wait for the file to be received, but go immediately to the next step. The transfer may not occur and the program may lock up if too much time elapses between keyboard entries. If this occurs, the PC may need to be restarted. 17. Press the PgUp key. The following is displayed: UPLOAD WHICH FILE: A-105

106 Appendix C 18. Enter 4088.EXE and press ENTER. The following is displayed: UPLOAD 4088.EXE ASCII OR XMODEM (A OR X): 19. Press X for XMODEM. (Do not press ENTER.) The following message is displayed: UPLOADING 4088.EXE XXXXX BYTES, XXX BLOCK(S) TRANSFER TIME: X MIN X SEC NOTE: If a DDF3088 is used, the LCD cannot display the entire message due to space limitations. After a few seconds the transfer begins, as indicated by a series of Ts. A message is displayed indicating when the transfer is complete. 20. Enter 4088 on the PC and press ENTER to run the new software on the flowmeter. (While the flowmeter is initializing, the new software version number momentarily appears on the flowmeter's display.) IMPORTANT: Verify that the software on the flowmeter is running properly before proceeding to the next step. 21. Enter TRANSFER -R STARTUP.BAT and press ENTER. The message RECEIVING STARTUP.BAT... is displayed indicating that the B: drive is ready to receive the file. Do not wait for the file to be received, but go immediately to the next step. 22. Press the PgUp key. The following is displayed: UPLOAD WHICH FILE: 23. Enter STARTUP.BAT and press ENTER. The following is displayed: UPLOAD STARTUP.BAT ASCII OR XMODEM (A OR X): 24. Press X for XMODEM. (Do not press ENTER.) The following message is displayed: UPLOADING STARTUP.BAT XXXXX BYTES, XXX BLOCK(S) TRANSFER TIME: X MIN X SEC After a few seconds the transfer begins, as indicated by a series of Ts. A message is displayed indicating when the transfer is complete. A-106

107 Appendix C 25. Exit from the upgrade procedure by holding down the ALT key while pressing X. NOTE 1: NOTE 2: If a prompt is displayed on the DDF4088 requesting a serial number, refer to Section A.6.3. If using a DDF3088, complete the following steps:! Exit the upgrade procedure by restarting the DDF3088. (To restart the unit, hold down the two shift buttons and the red power button for several seconds until the screen turns black.)! After all flowmeters have been upgraded, use HCOM to delete the unzipped software upgrade files from the DDF3088. (This allows more space for recording data log files.) A.6.3 ENTERING THE SERIAL NUMBER FOR DDF4088 UPGRADES If a DDF4088 was upgraded from version 1.1 to any higher version, the following is displayed after the flowmeter initializes with the new software: = ENTER SERIAL # Enter the serial number which is located on a label attached to the flowmeter (ignoring any letters if present) and press ENTER. IMPORTANT: The serial number must be entered very carefully. The correct serial number is essential if the flowmeter is being upgraded to multi-channel operation. (It defaults to single-channel mode if entered incorrectly.) Special service is required by the factory to remedy an incorrectly entered serial number. A.7 Graphical Signal Analysis for the DDF4088 and DDF4488 PolyLink can display a graphic representation of the signal received by a DDF4088 and DDF4488. The signal analysis function allows the user to visually observe the signal being received and interpret signal quality, the presence of interference, etc. This feature is available whether PolyLink is run from an IBM-compatible PC or from a DDF3088. Undesirable frequencies may be produced by a variety of sources at the measurement site such as vibration, interference from motor controllers, etc. Special interference frequency filters can be set and custom signal processing schemes designed for those difficult applications where other instruments may not function at all. The signal can be displayed as a waveform in the frequency (FFT) domain (Figure A-7) or in the time (SIG) domain (Figure A-8). A-107

108 Appendix C Figure A-7 Signal Analysis Screen (Signal Displayed in the Frequency [FFT] Domain) Figure A-8 Signal Analysis Screen (Signal Displayed in the Time [SIG] Domain) A-108

109 Appendix C To use the signal analysis function: 1. From the VT100 screen, select SIG. ANAL. The Signal Analysis screen is displayed: Figure A-9 Signal Analysis Screen (with Interference Present) In the example displayed in Figure A-9, the desired signal appears as a typical bell-shaped curve on the left. An isolated peak near the center of the display has been identified as an interference signal. The median point of the signal appears in the upper right corner of the display and is indicated at the bottom of the display by a small arrow. 2. If the filter is currently disabled, select FILTER ENABLE. 3. Select FILTER. Two brackets are displayed as thin vertical lines on the screen (Figure A-10). These brackets are used to define filters for eliminating interference frequencies from the signal spectrum. NOTE: Select a specific bracket by pressing the UP ARROW key. Move the selected bracket by pressing the RIGHT and LEFT ARROW keys. Select fine or coarse bracket movement by pressing the DOWN ARROW key. A-109

110 Appendix C 4. Position the brackets until the interference signal is enclosed by the brackets (Figure A-10): Figure A-10 Positioning Brackets around Interference Frequency A-110

111 Appendix C 5. Select SET FILTER to set the filter and reject the bracketed frequencies (Figure A-11). The signal is displayed with the frequencies rejected: Figure A-11 Signal with Frequencies Rejected NOTE: Several filters can be in effect simultaneously by repeating steps 4 and 5 for each desired filter. 6. To re-do the filter setting procedure, select REDO. (All filters are cleared and new data is gathered for another attempt.) 7. Select EXIT to return to the first Signal Analysis screen to view the effects of the filters on the signal. The signal can now be displayed either with or without the filters in place by selecting FILTER ENABLE or FILTER DISABLE. A-111

112 Appendix C PIPE SCHEDULES This appendix provides pipe schedules as a convenient reference for the following pipe materials:! Steel, stainless steel, and PVC (Table B-1)! Cast iron (Table B-2)! Ductile iron (Table B-3) The inside diameters (IDs) listed in the following tables are calculated from the outside diameter and minimum wall thicknesses as specified in applicable standards. The actual pipe inside diameter may vary from the dimension listed in the tables by as much as 25% of the pipe minimum wall thickness. The accuracy of flow rate measurement is enhanced if the pipe ID is actually measured. A-112

113 Appendix Table B-1 Steel, Stainless Steel, and PVC Pipe Standard Schedules Inside Diameter (ID) and Outside Diameter (OD) in Inches l Pipe Outside Diameter (OD) Sched. 5 Sched. 10 (Light wall) Sched. 20 Sched. 30 Sched. 40 Sched. 60 Sched. 80 Sched. 100 Sched. 120 Sched. 140 Sched. 160 Std. Wall X STG

114 Table B-2 Cast Iron Pipe Standard Classes Inside Diameter (ID) 1 and Outside Diameter (OD) in Inches inal Class A Class B Class C Class D Class E Class F Class G Class H OD ID OD ID OD ID OD ID OD ID OD ID OD ID OD ID r pipes with cement linings, reduce the pipe inside diameter by two times the lining thickness. Standard and double cement lining thicknesses are listed in ble B

115 Table B-3 Ductile Iron Pipe Standard Classes Inside Diameter (ID) and Outside Diameter (OD) in Inches Inside diameter Cement lining 1 inal Size Outside Diameter (OD) Class 50 Class 51 Class 52 Class 53 Class 54 Class 55 Class Standard Thickness Double Thicknes pipes with cement linings, reduce the pipe inside diameter by two times the lining thickness listed above. -115

116 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPECIFIC GRAVITY, VISCOSITY, AND SOUND VELOCITY FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Figure C-1 is a graph showing the approximate relationship between specific gravity, viscosity and sound velocities for aliphatic hydrocarbons (petroleum products). -116

117 Appendix Figure C-1 Approximate Relationship between Specific Gravity Viscosity, and Sound Velocity for Petroleum Products -117

118 FLUID SOUND VELOCITIES AND KINEMATIC VISCOSITIES The information in the following "Fluid Sound Velocities and Kinematic Viscosities" table is based on material from the Cameron Hydraulic Data Book (17th ed., Ingersoll-Rand, 1988) and Tables of Physical and Chemical Constants (13th ed., Longmans, 1966). -118

119 Appendix LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Acetaldehyde CH 3 CHO Acetic acid % % % Conc.-glacial Acetic anhydride Acetone CH 3 COCH Acetylene tetrabromide Acetylene tetrachloride Alcohol allyl butyl-n ethyl (grain) C 2 H 5 OH methyl (wood) CH 3 OH propyl Ammonia Amyl acetate n-amyl alcohol iso-amyl ether Aniline Argon

120 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Asphalt, blended RC-0, MC-0, SC RC-1, MC-1, SC RC-2, MC-2, SC RC-3, MC-3, SC RC-4, MC-4, SC RC-5, MC-5, SC RS-1, MS-1, SS Asphalt emulsions Fed # Fed #2, V, VI Automotive crankcase oils SAE-5W max SAE-10W SAE-20W SAE SAE SAE SAE Automotive gear oils SAE-75W min SAE-80W min SAE-85W min SAE SAE-14Q SAE Min. Beer

121 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Benzene (Benzol) C 6 H Benzophenone Bismuth Bone Oil Bromine Bromobenzene Bromoform Butane-n Butyl acetate n-butyl alcohol iso-butyl bromide Butyric acid n cp Cadmium Caesium Calcium chloride 5% % Carbolic acid (phenol) Carbon tetrachloride CCI Carbon disulphide CS Carbon tetrachloride Castor oil China wood oil Chlorine m-chlornitrobenzene Chlorobenzene

122 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Chloroform Cocoanut oil Cod oil Corn oil Corn starch solutions 22 Baume Baume Baume Cotton seed oil Crude Oil 48 API API API API Salt Creek Cyclohexane Cyclohexanol Decane-n l-decene Deuterium oxide

123 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Diesel fuel oils 2D D D max 13.1 max 5D max 35.2 max Diethyl Ether Diethylene glycol Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Dimethyl siloxane (Dow Corning 200 fluid) Diphenyl Diphenyl ether Ethanol Ethanol amide Ether (diethyl) Ethyl acetate CH 3 COOC 2 H Ethyl alcohol Ethyl bromide C 2 H 5 Br Ethyl glycol Ethyl iodide Ethylene bromide Ethylene chloride Ethylene dibromide Ethylene dichloride Ethylene glycol Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether

124 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Formaldehyde Formamide Formic acid 10% % % Conc Freon Fuel Oils A B Gallium Gas oils Gasolines a b c

125 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Glycerine 100% % Water cp Glucose M - 22M Guaicol Helium n-heptane Heptene Heptyne Hexane n-hexane Honey Hydrogen Industrial lubricants Turbine oils SSU at 1000F SSU SSU SSU SSU

126 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Machine lubricants # # # # Cutting oils # # Indium Ink, printers Insulating oil max max Kerosene Jet Fuel (av) Lard Lard oil Lead Linseed oil Menhadden oil Menthol Merck Mercury Methanol Methyl acetate

127 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Methyl alcohol Methyl bromide Methyl iodide Methylene bromide Methylene chloride Methylene iodide Milk Molasses A, first B, second M M C, blackstrap M M Naphthalene Naptha Neatsfoot oil Nitrobenzene Nitrogen Nonane l-nonene Nonene-n n-octane Oil (lubricating) Oil of camphor Oleic acid Olive oil Oxygen Palm oil

128 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Paraldehyde Peanut oil l-pentadecene Pentane iso-pentane n-pentane Petrolatum Petroleum ether (est) Phenol Potassium n-propanol Propionic acid n-propyl acetate n-propyl alcohol Propylene glycol Pyridine Quenching oil (typical) Rapeseed oil Rosin oil Rosin (wood) M Rubidium Sesame seed oil Silicon tetrachloride Sodium

129 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Sodium chloride (fused) % % Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) 20% % Soya bean oil Sperm oil Sugar solutions Corn syrup 86.4 Brix Mcp 1750cp 84.4 Brix Mcp 800cp 82.3 Brix Mcp 380cp 80.3 Brix cp 230cp 78.4 Brix cp 160cp Sugar solutions Sucrose 60 Brix Brix Brix Brix Brix Brix Sulphur

130 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Sulphuric acid 100% % % Tar, coke oven Tar, gas house M Tar, pine Tar, road - RT RT RT RT RT M M RT M - 75M Tetralin Tin (molten) Toluene o-toluidine l-tridecene Trielhylene glycol Triethylamine Turpentine l-undecene

131 LIQUID t0c c(m/s) t0f c(ft/s) cst Varnish, spar Water distilled fresh sea Water (sea) (surface, 3.5% salinity) Whale oil Xylene hexafluoride o-xylene Zinc

132 GLOSSARY This appendix provides a glossary of terms that may be useful when using the DCT Accuracy Alarms Calibration Clean fluid Damping DCT Dirty fluid Flow profile Full scale flow rate Ingress protection (IP) Inside roughness The ability of a flowmeter to produce an output within a specific tolerance (in comparison to a known standard) which corresponds to its characteristic curve. Refer to Linearity. Flow condition indicators which register on the optional printer. There are four separately programmable alarms available on the DCT-7088 (Section ). The procedure which prepares an instrument to operate within its specifications. A fluid with few suspended particles or bubbles, such as distilled water, solvents, and fuels. The slowing of instantaneous signal changes to provide a more gradual or smoother response to the process measurement. Damping is configured by the user. The Digital Correlation Transit time series of Polysonics flowmeters. A fluid containing suspended solids, contaminants, particles, or bubbles. Also called velocity profile. A side-view graphical representation of the distribution of flow velocities in a pipe. Flow profile is comprised of the shape of the layers of individual local velocities inside a pipe. Factors that determine the flow profile include the inertial and viscous forces of the fluid, inside pipe roughness, line restrictions, fittings, etc. The highest flow rate that can be measured by the flowmeter with its current settings. The full scale flow rate is dependent upon the setting of the maximum flow range and the pipe inside diameter (ID). An international rating system for electrical equipment enclosures. Indicates the degree of protection from penetration of solid and liquid objects. The DCT-7088 meets IP67, which allows brief total immersion with the lid closed to depths to 1 meter. Roughness on the inside pipe wall or liner surface, expressed in feet. -132

133 Linearity The ability of the flowmeter to establish a relationship between actual flow and its output, often called the characteristic curve of the flowmeter, to approximate a straight line relationship. Main Menu The Main Menu is a display which allows the user to scroll to various sub-menus (Section 3.3). The Main Menu can be accessed by pressing MENU twice. Manual zero set calibration A zero set calibration method which applies a constant offset entered by the user to all readings (Section 5.1.3). Refer to Zero set calibration. Menus (Primary Displays, setup menus, diagnostic menus, and print commands) Minimum velocity National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Newtonian and non-newtonian liquids The flowmeter uses Primary Displays, setup menus, and diagnostic menus. Each of these has a unique two digit menu address. Menus can be accessed using the numeric keypad (Section 3.2) or the cursor (Section 3.3). In addition, certain data may be printed using a two digit print command. Primary Displays are for viewing only and are not configurable (Section 3.6.1). Setup menus are used primarily to enter configuration data or to view the flowmeter s current configuration settings (Section through ). Diagnostic menus are for viewing various diagnostic parameters and are not configurable (Section ). Certain print commands are available by pressing MENU plus 97, 98, or 99 (Section ). The lowest speed at which liquid can travel and still be accurately measured. North American standards agency that rates instrument enclosures according to their application. The DCT-7088 meets NEMA-6. A Newtonian liquid is one which has a linear relationship between the applied shear stress and the rate of liquid deformation (applies to most liquids in most applications). Therefore, it is a liquid which has a constant viscosity at a given temperature that is not affected by the rate of shear. A non-newtonian liquid is one which has a non-linear relationship between the applied shear stress and the rate of liquid deformation. Some colloidal suspensions and certain other liquid/solids mixtures are non-newtonian. -133

134 Noise Positive zero Repeatability Reynolds number Scale factor Signal-to-noise-ratio Slurry Sonic discontinuity Sound speed (sound velocity) Sub-menu Any signals received by the flowmeter other than the transmitted signal. The feature on Polysonics meters which inhibits backflow indication or volume accumulation under zero flow conditions. Setting the low flow or low signal cutoffs to appropriate values can accomplish this. The ability of a flowmeter to reproduce a measurement each time a given flow rate is repeated. A dimensionless number which represents the flow of a liquid as being laminar, transitional, or turbulent. The Reynolds number is determined by velocity, kinematic viscosity, and the area through which the fluid is moving. The Reynolds number (in combination with the pipe roughness and proximity to elbows or other obstructions) determines the flow profile. The flowmeter automatically corrects for these Reynolds number-induced variations in the profile. Refer to Flow profile. Provides a means for the user to adjust the instrument output (Section 5.2). The flow measured by the instrument is multiplied by this number. The proportion of desired ultrasonic signal versus other unwanted signals (noise). A mixtures of a liquid with any insoluble material such as clay, cement, coal, etc., usually described in terms of percent solids content. A region which reflects or scatters sound, typically solid particles or gas bubbles. The speed of propagation of a compressional or shear wave through a specified material. A group of related menus. The sub-menus are listed on the Main Menu. Refer to Section

135 Totalizer Totalizer multiplier Transducer mounting Transducer spacing Transit time V method Velocity profile W method Z method Zero flow set calibration A feature of the flowmeter that accumulates the total volume of fluid that flows past the transducers. The flowmeter has a positive totalizer, a negative totalizer, and a net totalizer. The positive totalizer accumulates the total volumetric flow in the positive (upstream) direction. The negative totalizer accumulates the total volumetric flow in the negative (downstream) direction. The net totalizer accumulates the total volumetric flow in the positive direction minus the total volumetric flow in the negative direction. (For example, if there are 3000 gallons of flow in the positive direction and 1000 gallons of flow in the negative direction, the net totalizer indicates 2000 gallons of net flow.) The number by which the flow total is to be multiplied for display purposes. The multiplier is a multiple of 10 which is selected by the user in Menu 37. The mounting method to be used for installing the transducer (Section 4.4). Refer to V method, Z method, and W method. The distance between the inside edges of the transducers (the edges opposite the transducer cable connection.) In flow measurement, the time period for a sound wave to travel from one transducer to the other. Installation method in which the transducers are mounted on the same side of the pipe and the ultrasonic signal makes two transits of the pipe per pass (Section 4.4.1). Refer to Flow profile. Transducer installation method used on small metallic pipes. In the W method, the transducers are mounted on the same side of the pipe and the ultrasonic signal makes four transits of the pipe per pass (Section 4.4.2). Installation method in which the transducers are mounted on opposite sides of the pipe and the ultrasonic signal makes one transit per pass (Section 4.4.3). A zero set calibration method that is used only when the flow in the pipe can be stopped (Section 5.1.2). It automatically applies a zero point. Refer to Zero point and Zero set calibration. -135

136 Zero point Zero set calibration The amount of offset applied to all flow rates to enable the flowmeter to read zero. All flow below this point is considered negative flow. A small adjustment to the zero point which may be required to maximize accuracy at low flow rates (Section 5.1). The two zero set calibration methods are the zero flow set method and the manual zero set method. Refer to Zero flow set calibration and Manual zero set calibration. -136

137 CONFIGURING THE DCT SERIES FLOWMETER WITH TimeGATE After the DCT series flowmeter has been installed, it is ready to be configured and placed in operation. The flowmeter can be configured with an IBM-compatible PC and TimeGATE, a Windows95 -based configuration and graphical signal analysis utility. The configuration settings are stored in the flowmeter s non-volatile memory to protect them in the event of power failure. Once the flowmeter has been configured, the transducers can be spaced and installed on the pipe (Chapter 4). Flow can be monitored on a PC, on the flowmeter s display (if provided), or through a remote device connected to the current loop output. IMPORTANT: In order to access all of the features described here, TimeGATE must be version 3.0 or higher and the DCT series flowmeter must have hardware version 3.0 or higher. If connected to flowmeters with hardware versions earlier than 3.0, TimeGATE version 1.0 must be used, which only supports the graphic analysis function (Section F.5) and not the configuration function. For these earlier hardware versions, configuration and other functions must be performed directly on the instrument s keypad. F.1 The TimeGATE Environment This section defines terminology used in TimeGATE and describes rules for making selections with a mouse or keyboard. The operator can use which ever mix of mouse or keyboard commands is most comfortable. F.1.1 DEFINITIONS The following terminology is used in the TimeGATE configuration procedures: Mouse Functions Pointing Clicking Double-clicking Dragging Indicating a desired selection on the screen with the cursor by moving the mouse. Pressing the left mouse button once and releasing it after pointing to a selected item. Quickly pressing the left mouse button twice and releasing it after pointing to a selected item. Moving an object (for example, the slide bar in the current loop calibration function) by completing the following steps: 1. Pointing to the object 2. Pressing and holding down the left mouse button 3. Moving the mouse to a new position 4. Releasing the mouse button -137

138 Tabs, Option Groups, Lists, and Menus Tab The folder tab heading on the screen (Figure F-1) that displays a group of related functions (for example, the CONFIGURATION tab). The configuration parameters for the flowmeter are located on these tabs. Only one tab can be accessed at a time by clicking on the tab s title. Option group Figure F-1 Tabs A set of related options grouped together in a box on the CONFIGURATION tab (for example, the PIPE option group) [Figure F-2]. Options Column Figure F-2 Option Group A column located on the left of the CONFIGURATION tab containing a list of the option groups (Figure F-3). Figure F-3 Options Column -138

139 Pull-down list A list of additional selections for an option. If a pull-down list is available, it can be displayed by clicking on the down arrow to the right of the current selection (Figure F-4). Figure F-4 Pull-Down List Pull-down menus The FILE, EDIT, COMMUNICATIONS, and HELP options displayed at the top of the screen. Clicking on one of these menus displays a pull-down list of available functions. Boxes and Buttons Check box A small box to the left of an option that allows the option to be selected (checked) or cleared (unchecked) by clicking on the box (Figure F-5). Text box Figure F-5 Check Box A box which allows characters or numbers to be entered from the keyboard (Figure F-6). Figure F-6 Text Box Command button A rectangular button that can be clicked on to carry out an action (Figure F-7). Radio button Figure F-7 Command Button Small circular button identifying an individual selection in a group (Figure F-8). Only one radio button can be selected per group. Figure F-8 Radio Buttons -139

140 F.1.2 MOUSE OPERATION Follow these guidelines when using a mouse in TimeGATE :! Use the left mouse button for most standard mouse operations.! To select an item, click on it.! To select an item from a pull-down list, first open the list by clicking on the down arrow located to the right of the list. Next, select an item from the list by clicking on the item.! To check or uncheck a check box, click on it.! To select an item from a radio button group, click on it. F.1.3 KEYBOARD OPERATION Follow these guidelines when using a keyboard in TimeGATE :! One screen element (such as a folder tab, text box, or command button) is always highlighted to indicate that it can be currently accessed by the keyboard.! To move from one screen element to the next, press the TAB key.! To move from one folder tab to the next folder tab, press and hold down the CONTROL key while pressing the TAB key.! To activate a command button when it is highlighted, press the ENTER key.! To select an item from a pull-down list, tab to the list then press the UP and DOWN ARROW keys.! To select or clear a check box, tab to it and press the spacebar.! To select an item from a radio button group, tab to the first button and press the UP and DOWN ARROW keys. F.2 Installing TimeGATE To install TimeGATE : 1. Insert the TimeGATE diskette into the diskette drive of the PC. 2. Click on the START command button on the Desktop Screen. 3. Click on the RUN option. 4. Enter A:\SETUP and press ENTER. NOTE: If the TimeGATE program is in a location other than drive A, alter the SETUP command accordingly. For example, if the diskette is in drive B, enter B:\SETUP. 5. Follow the on-screen instructions during the installation process. (The default options are recommended for most installations.) -140

141 F.3 Running TimeGATE After installing TimeGATE (Section F.2), the program can be run as follows: 1. Open the door of the flowmeter and connect a null modem cable from the com port of the flowmeter to the com port of the PC. 2. Ensure that power has been applied to the flowmeter. 3. If connecting TimeGATE to a DCT6088 or DCT7088, ensure that the TIMEGATE selection in Menu 46 is active. To activate the TIMEGATE selection:! Access Menu 46.! Select TIMEGATE on the flowmeter display.! Access Menu Run TimeGATE. NOTE: If the default options were chosen during installation, TimeGATE can be run by double-clicking the TimeGATE icon on the Desktop Screen. The TimeGATE Welcome Screen is displayed, followed by the Connecting Screen (Figure F-9): Figure F-9 Connecting Screen Communications are established after several seconds, then Configuration Screen 1 is displayed (Figure F-10). NOTE: If the units do not communicate, refer to Section F.6. The flowmeter can now be configured (Section F.4) and flow data can be observed (Section F.5). After the TimeGATE session is completed, the program can be terminated by selecting EXIT from the FILE pull-down menu. -141

142 F.4 Configuring the Flowmeter The setup options are located on the CONFIGURATION tab in four separate screens. A list of the option groups contained in the screens is displayed in the Options Column on the left. By clicking on an option group in the column, the appropriate configuration screen is displayed (Figures F-10 through F-13). NOTE: Refer to Section F.6 for information on configuring the RS232 settings. Figure F-10 Configuration Screen 1-142

143 Figure F-11 Configuration Screen 2 Figure F-12 Configuration Screen 3-143

144 General Configuration Procedures Figure F-13 Configuration Screen 4 Follow these general steps when configuring the flowmeter: 1. Go to the CONFIGURATION tab. 2. Follow the step by step procedure in Sections F.4.1 through F.4.11 to set the parameters for each option (for example, PIPE, TRANSDUCER, and FLOW). NOTE 1: Measurement units (English versus metric) may be selected in the Pipe OD Setup. NOTE 2: If a value of less than 1 is entered, it must be preceded by a 0 (zero). For example, if entering a pipe wall thickness of.5 inches, the number must be entered as 0.5. NOTE 3: If an option or a text box is dimmed out (greyed out), it is currently not available or contains view-only information which cannot be edited for the current parameters. 3. After entering all parameters, apply the settings to the flowmeter by pressing the SEND command button (Figure F.14). Figure F-14 Receive and Send Command Buttons -144

145 4. Click on the GRAPH tab (Section F.5) to view the flow, velocity, signal strength, and totalized flow values. (It takes several seconds for the full effects of the new configuration to be applied to the flow data.) 5. Save the configuration data to a file for future retrieval by selecting SAVE AS from the FILE pull-down menu and typing in a file name. If the flowmeter and transducers were properly installed and a steady flow is present, the flow and signal strength readings should be relatively stable. The signal strength reading should typically be a minimum of 2%. Sending, Receiving, and Saving Data Configuration data is stored in the flowmeter s non-volatile memory. This data is retrieved automatically whenever the flowmeter first connects with TimeGATE or whenever the RECEIVE command button in the CONFIGURATION tab is clicked (Figure F-14). This allows the current configuration in the flowmeter to be reviewed and edited as required. New configuration data is sent to the flowmeter by clicking on the SEND command button. In addition, configuration data can be saved to a file for future use by selecting SAVE AS from the FILE pull-down menu. (The default file extension for TimeGATE files is.dct). This feature may prove helpful when reconfiguring a flowmeter for routine changes in the application or when configuring multiple flowmeters with identical parameters. Changes can be saved to an existing file by selecting SAVE from the FILE menu. A saved file can be run in a future session of TimeGATE by selecting OPEN from the FILE menu and selecting the desired file. The saved parameters set can then be downloaded to the flowmeter using the SEND button. NOTE: By selecting EXPORT from the FILE pull-down menu, a file can be exported as a comma delimited file for viewing the graph data in a spreadsheet. F.4.1 PIPE OPTION GROUP The PIPE option group is accessed by clicking on PIPE in the Options Column. This group contains the options related to the pipe including pipe dimensions and pipe material. Pipe Outside Diameter (OD) To set the Pipe OD: 1. From the PIPE options group, click on the PIPE OD text box 2. Enter the pipe OD. IMPORTANT: Actual (not nominal) dimensions must be entered. Precision is important since accuracy is directly affected by the square of any error in the pipe dimensions. Pipe schedules and classes are provided in Appendix B for reference. 3. Click on the down arrow to the right of the adjacent text box. -145

146 The pull-down list for the pipe OD measurement units is displayed, which includes:! INCHES! MM (millimeters) 4. Click on the desired measurement unit. IMPORTANT: Selecting the measurement unit INCHES or MM for pipe OD automatically selects English versus metric units for the following: Pipe Wall Thickness! Pipe OD! Pipe wall thickness! Liner thickness! Transducer spacing! Sound speeds for pipe, liner, and fluid To set the pipe wall thickness: 1. From the PIPE options group, click on the WALL THICKNESS text box. 2. Enter the pipe wall thickness. Pipe Material To select the pipe material: 1. From the PIPE options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the MATERIALS text box. The following selections are displayed:! CARBON STEEL! STAINLESS STEEL! CAST IRON! DUCTILE IRON! COPPER! PVC! PVDF LOW DENSITY! PVDF HI DENSITY! ALUMINUM! ASBESTOS! FIBERGLASS-EPOXY! OTHER 2. Click on the desired selection. -146

147 IMPORTANT: The selection OTHER denotes any material not listed. If OTHER is selected, the pipe sound speed and pipe inside roughness must be entered. -147

148 Pipe Sound Speed Pipe sound speed is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the pipe material. If OTHER was not selected, the pipe sound speed is available for viewing only. To set the pipe sound speed: 1. From the PIPE options group, click on the SOUND SPEED text box. 2. Enter the pipe sound speed. Pipe Inside Roughness Pipe inside roughness is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the pipe material. Data on this parameter is available from the Cameron Hydraulic Data Book published by Ingersoll-Rand. If OTHER was not selected, the pipe inside roughness is available for viewing only. 1. From the PIPE options group, click on the ROUGHNESS text box. 2. Enter the pipe roughness. NOTE: The number entered for pipe roughness is not important on lined pipes. In this case, the liner inside roughness should be entered (Section F.4.2) F.4.2 LINER OPTION GROUP The LINER option group is accessed by clicking on LINER in the Options Column. This group contains the options related to the liner including liner material and liner thickness. Liner Thickness To set the liner thickness: 1. From the LINER options group, click on the THICKNESS text box. 2. Enter the liner thickness. -148

149 Liner Material To select the liner material: 1. From the LINER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the MATERIAL text box. The following selections are displayed:! NONE (no liner)! TAR EPOXY! RUBBER! MORTAR! POLYPROPYLENE! POLYSTYROL! POLYSTYRENE! POLYESTER! POLYETHYLENE! EBONITE! TEFLON! OTHER 2. Click on the desired selection. IMPORTANT: The selection OTHER denotes any material not listed. If OTHER is selected, the liner sound speed and liner inside roughness must be entered. Liner Sound Speed Liner sound speed is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the liner material. If OTHER was not selected, the liner sound speed is available for viewing only. To set the liner sound speed: 1. From the LINER options group, click on the SOUND SPEED text box. 2. Enter the liner sound speed. Liner Inside Roughness Liner inside roughness is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the liner material. Data on this parameter is available from the Cameron Hydraulic Data Book published by Ingersoll-Rand. If OTHER was not selected, the liner inside roughness is available for viewing only. 1. From the LINER options group, click on the ROUGHNESS text box. 2. Enter the liner roughness. -149

150 F.4.3 FLUID OPTION GROUP The FLUID option group is accessed by clicking on FLUID in the Options Column. This group contains the options related to the fluid. Fluid Type To select the fluid type: 1. From the FLUID options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the TYPE text box. The following selections are displayed:! WATER! SEA WATER! KEROSENE! GASOLINE! FUEL OIL #2! CRUDE OIL! PROPANE (-45 C)! BUTANE (0 C)! OTHER 2. Click on the desired selection. IMPORTANT: The selection OTHER denotes a fluid type not listed. If OTHER is selected, the fluid sound speed and fluid viscosity must be entered for this fluid type. Fluid Sound Speed Fluid sound speed is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the fluid type. If OTHER was not selected, the fluid sound speed is available for viewing only. To set the fluid sound speed: 1. From the FLUID options group, click on the SOUND SPEED text box. 2. Enter the fluid sound speed. NOTE: Refer to Appendices C and D for information on fluid sound speeds. -150

151 Fluid Viscosity Fluid viscosity is configurable only if OTHER was selected as the fluid type. If OTHER was not selected, the fluid viscosity is available for viewing only. To set the fluid viscosity: 1. From the FLUID options group, click on the VISCOSITY text box. 2. Enter the kinematic viscosity of the fluid. NOTE: Refer to Appendices C and D for information on fluid viscosities. F.4.4 TRANSDUCER OPTION GROUP The TRANSDUCER option group is accessed by clicking on TRANSDUCER in the Options Column. This group contains the options related to the transducer, including selection of the transducer type, transducer mounting method, and spacing requirements. Transducer Type The flowmeter must be configured for the correct transducer arrangement either with or without the optional high-temperature blocks (Section 4.5). To select the transducer type: 1. From the TRANSDUCER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the TYPE text box. The following selections are displayed:! STANDARD! HI TEMPERATURE 2. Click on the desired transducer type. NOTE: STANDARD should be selected unless the optional high-temperature blocks are used. Transducer Mounting The transducer can be mounted with the V, W or Z method (Section 4.4). To select the transducer mounting method: From the TRANSDUCER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the MOUNT text box. The following selections are displayed:! V! W! Z -151

152 Transducer Spacing Based on the setup parameters, TimeGATE automatically calculates the required transducer spacing. The spacing parameter is displayed in the SPACING text box. This value is for display only and is not editable. Refer to Section 4.2 for more information on transducer spacing. F.4.5 CALIBRATION OPTION GROUP The CALIBRATION option group is accessed by clicking on CALIBRATION in the Options Column. To assure accurate flow measurement, the instrument should be properly calibrated. The calibration methods available are:! Zero set calibration! Scale factor calibration These calibration methods must be performed for the particular pipe that is to be metered. Table F-1 provides guidelines for selecting a calibration method: Table F-1 Selecting the Calibration Method Calibration Method Function Application Zero set calibration! Zero flow set! Manual zero set Scale Factor Zeros the instrument for an actual no flow condition Applies a manually entered offset to all flow readings Compensates for manufacturing variations in the transducers Installations where flow can be stopped Where an offset is required Set by the factory to the value imprinted on the transducers NOTE: The 4 to 20 milliampere (4 to 20 ma) current loop can also be calibrated for applications using a current loop. Refer to Section F.4.8 for more information. Zero Set Calibration Once the instrument is operating on the actual pipe to be metered, a small adjustment to the zero point, or zero set calibration, may be required to maximize accuracy at low flow rates. Zero set calibration allows the flowmeter to read very close to zero under zero flow conditions. There are two zero set calibration methods available: the zero flow set method and the manual zero set method. The zero point used by the flowmeter in either of these methods is displayed in a text box to the right of the ZERO FLOW command button. NOTE: After the instrument has been properly zeroed, it should display a stable reading well below 0.05 feet per second (0.015 meters per second) under zero flow conditions with the low flow cutoff disabled. -152

153 Preliminary Steps Before performing a zero set (zero flow set or manual zero set) calibration, follow these preliminary steps: 1. Ensure that the transducers are connected to the pipe during the zero set calibration procedure. 2. Ensure that the instrument is reading flow. The instrument must have successfully completed its internal configuration process as indicated by the presence of a flow reading on the Graph screen (Section F.5). 3. Disable the low flow cutoff to allow the zeroing operation to be verified. (To disable the low flow cutoff, set the low flow cutoff value to zero.) Zero Flow Set Method The best method of zeroing the instrument is to stop the flow and perform a zero flow set. on the pipe. The purpose of the zero flow set is to zero the instrument for the individual installation. This method is used only when the flow in the pipe can be stopped. To zero the instrument with the zero flow set method: 1. Follow the procedures outlined in Preliminary Steps, above. 2. Ensure that there is no flow in the pipe. 3. From the CALIBRATION options group, click on the ZERO FLOW command button (Figure F.15). Figure F-15 Zero Flow Button If the flow rate is higher than recommended for performing a zero flow set calibration, an error message is displayed. For example (Figure F-16): Figure F-16 Zero Flow Set Error Message (example) 4. If the error message is displayed, the following is recommended:! Cancel the zero flow calibration by clicking on the NO button. -153

154 ! Repeat steps 1 through 3 when the flow rate is within recommended limits. Flow should be greater than -.25 and less than +.25 feet per second ( and meters per second), as displayed on the GRAPH screen. -154

155 Manual Zero Set Method The zero point can be manually entered with the manual zero set method. This method should be used infrequently. Manual zero set applies a constant offset entered by the user to all readings. Table F-2 illustrates an example of a manual zero offset of 10 gallons per minute: Uncalibrated Flow Reading (before manual zero offset) Table F-2 Example of Manual Zero Offset Manual Zero Offset 250 GPM 10 GPM 240 GPM Calibrated Flow Reading (after manual zero offset) To zero the instrument with the manual zero set method: 1. Follow the procedures outlined in Preliminary Steps, above. 2. Minimize the flow occurring in the pipe. 3. From the FLOW options group (Section F.4.6), ensure that the minimum flow range setting is the negative equivalent of the maximum flow rate setting. (For example, if the maximum flow range setting is 100 gallons per minute, ensure that the minimum flow range setting is -100 gallons per minute.) 4. From the FLOW options group, set the damping so that the flowmeter reads a steady flow. 5. From the CALIBRATION options group, enter 0 (zero) in the text box to the right of the ZERO FLOW button. 6. Click on the SEND button to send the data to the flowmeter. 7. Allow the flowmeter to settle for ten minutes. 8. Take ten separate flow readings and determine their average. This average is designated as the variable P (for positive). 9. Disconnect the transducer wiring connections at the flowmeter and swap the upstream wires with the downstream wires. The flowmeter should begin to display a negative flow reading. 10. Allow the flowmeter to settle for ten minutes. 11. Take another ten flow readings and determine their average. This new value is designated as the variable N (for negative). 12. Determine the manual zero point (Zp) by calculating the following formula: Zp = (P+N) 2-155

156 13. Enter the value of the zero point as determined in step 12 in the text box to the right of the ZERO FLOW button. NOTE: A negative offset may be entered by first typing a minus sign. 14. Click on the SEND button again to resend the data to the flowmeter. 15. Reconnect the transducer wires according to their original orientation. 16. Restore the minimum and maximum flow range values if they were changed. 17. Allow the flowmeter readings to settle for ten minutes. The flowmeter is now calibrated with the manual zero set method. Scale Factor Calibration After the instrument s zero point has been set and verified, a scale factor can be set to adjust the measured flow. The flow measured by the instrument is multiplied by this scale factor. (For example, if the displayed flow is twice the actual flow, a scale factor of 0.5 divides the displayed flow by 2. If the displayed flow is one-half of the actual flow, a scale factor of 2 doubles the displayed flow.) The primary reason for setting the scale factor is to compensate the instrument for manufacturing variations in the transducers. The scale factor is preset at the factory and is imprinted on the transducers. If an additional scale factor is required by the user, the additional scale factor should be multiplied by the factory scale factor and the result should be entered in the SCALE FACTOR text box. Observe the following precautions when setting the scale factor:! Always determine the scale factor at the highest possible flow rate achievable in order to maximize the accuracy of the scale factor.! Use only the factory preset scale factor as marked on the transducers in the following situations: - The flow cannot be stopped to verify or set the zero point - A reasonably high flow rate cannot be achieved - An accurate secondary flow standard is not available -156

157 F.4.6 FLOW OPTION GROUP The FLOW option group is accessed by clicking on FLOW in the Options Column. This group contains the options related to flow, including flow units, damping, and cutoffs (low signal and low flow). Flow Units Both the volumetric units and the associated time rate (per) units are selectable for flow. To select the flow units: 1. From the FLOW options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the first UNITS text box. The following units are displayed:! GALLONS! LITERS! MGAL (million gallons)! CUBIC FT! CUBIC METERS! ACRE FT! OIL BARRELS! LIQUOR BARRELS! FEET! METERS 2. Click on the desired volumetric unit. 3. Click on the down arrow to the right of the second UNITS text box. The following time rate units are displayed:! SEC! MIN! HOUR! DAY 4. Click on the desired time rate unit. -157

158 Minimum and Maximum Flow Range Values The minimum and maximum values can be set for the volumetric flow range. Setting the optimum flow range generally improves the flowmeter s response time. NOTE: Whenever the pipe ID is changed, the flowmeter returns the volumetric flow range to its default settings. The default settings are the minimum and maximum flows for the new pipe ID that occur at +32 and -32 FPS (+9.76 and MPS). To set the minimum and maximum values for the flow range: 1. From the FLOW options group, click on the MIN FLOW text box. 2. Enter the minimum value for the flow range. 3. Click on the MAX FLOW text box. 4. Enter the maximum value for the flow range. Damping The damping coefficient suppresses short term fluctuations in the indicated flow rate. The displayed flow rate and the 4 to 20 ma current loop output is a moving average of the last n seconds where n is the damping value. Increasing the coefficient increases the response time to changes. The coefficient is adjustable from 1 to 99 seconds in 1-second increments. Damping should be kept at a minimum unless the velocity fluctuates wildly. If so, damping should be increased just enough to reduce the fluctuation to an acceptable degree. To set the damping: 1. From the FLOW options group, click on the DAMPING text box. 2. Enter the damping value. Cutoffs The flowmeter can be configured with a low signal cutoff or a low flow (low velocity) cutoff. The cutoff function which is selected (low flow, low signal, or both) and the accompanying cutoff value should be based on the specifics of the application. Experimentation is recommended for achieving optimum results. Low Flow Cutoff When a zero flow condition occurs (for example, as the result of a pump being shut off), internal sloshing, check valve leakage, and other fluid movement can prevent the flowmeter from reading total zero. This phenomenon can result in totalizer errors. These errors can be minimized by entering a low flow cutoff (a minimum acceptable value for flow). Setting a low flow cutoff drives the flowmeter to zero for flow rates at or below that value. If the flow rate (regardless of direction) falls below the low flow cutoff value, the instrument s indicated flow is driven to zero and the totalizers stop incrementing. -158

159 For example, if a low flow cutoff of 0.1 feet per second (.03 meters per second) is entered, the instrument would be driven to zero for flow rates less than 0.1 foot per second in the positive direction and greater than -0.1 foot in the negative direction (Figure F-17) Zero flow displayed here Figure F-17 Low Flow Cutoff (example) To set the low flow cutoff: 1. From the FLOW options group, click on the LOW FLOW CUTOFF text box. 2. Enter the value for the low flow cutoff. NOTE: The value for the low flow cutoff should be set as high as is practical to maximize the stability of the zero flow setting. Low Signal Cutoff Empty pipes or solids, bubbles, or voids in the flow stream may cause temporary drops in signal strength and erroneous readings. The effect of these dropouts can be minimized by setting a low signal cutoff. Setting a low signal cutoff (a minimum acceptable signal amplitude), drives the flowmeter to the loss-of-signal (LOS) condition. The flowmeter s response to the LOS condition may be programmed as follows:! Drop the reading to zero! Hold the last valid reading (but continue to totalize) In addition to these two options, a relay can be actuated based on the low signal cutoff (Section F.4.9). To set the low signal cutoff: 1. From the FLOW options group, click on the LOW SIGNAL CUTOFF text box. 2. Enter the value for the low signal cutoff. NOTE: The value for the low signal cutoff should typically be set at approximately one-half of the value of the signal strength present under flow conditions. Note that signal strength is typically not significantly affected by flow rate. 3. Click on one of the following radio buttons:! ZERO (to drop the reading to zero during an LOS condition)! HOLD (to hold the last valid reading during an LOS condition) -159

160 F.4.7 TOTALIZER OPTION GROUP The TOTALIZER option group is accessed by clicking on TOTALIZER in the Options Column. This group contains the options related to the totalizers, including selecting the totalizer units and the totalizer multiplier. There are three totalizers available:! Positive totalizer! Negative totalizer! Net totalizer The positive totalizer tracks the flow moving in the positive direction (from the upstream transducer to the downstream transducer). It is not affected by flow in the opposite (downstream) direction. The negative totalizer tracks the flow moving in the negative direction (from the downstream transducer to the upstream transducer). It is not affected by flow in the opposite (upstream) direction. The net totalizer provides the difference between the positive and negative flow values. For example, if there are 1000 gallons of flow in the negative direction and 3000 gallons of flow in the positive direction, the net totalizer indicates 2000 gallons of net flow. Enable Totalizers Any combination of totalizers may be enabled or disabled. If a totalizer is merely disabled, it stops totalizing but is not reset to zero. NOTE: The totalizers can be reset by clicking on the RESET button in the GRAPH tab (Section F.5) and clicking the appropriate check boxes. To enable the totalizers, click on one or more of the following check boxes in the TOTALIZER options group:! NET (net totalizer)! POS (positive totalizer)! NEG (negative totalizer) Check marks indicate which totalizers are enabled. -160

161 Totalizer Units The totalizer unit which is selected can be different from the flow rate unit. For example, if the flow rate is measured in gallons per minute, the totalizer can be measured in millions of gallons. To select the totalizer unit: 1. From the TOTALIZER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the UNITS text box. The following selections are displayed:! GALLONS! LITERS! MGAL (million gallons)! CUBIC FT! CUBIC METERS! ACRE FT! OIL BARRELS! LIQUOR BARRELS 2. Click on the desired totalizer unit. Totalizer Multiplier The totalizer value can be displayed with one of several multiplier values. For example, 700 liters can be displayed as 700 single liters (if the multiplier value is X1) or 7 hundreds of liters (if the multiplier value is X100). NOTE: The totalizer reading on the flowmeter display is followed by a slash symbol / (a per symbol) if a totalizer multiplier other than 1 is selected. For example, a totalizer value of 2500 cubic meters with a totalizer multiplier of x100 would be displayed as: 25 M3/. To select the totalizer multiplier: 1. From the TOTALIZER options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the MULTIPLIER text box. The following selections are displayed:! X 0.01! X 0.1! X 1! X 10! X 100! X 1000! X

162 2. Click on the desired totalizer multiplier. -162

163 F ma CURRENT LOOP OPTION GROUP The 4-20 ma option group is accessed by clicking on 4-20 ma in the Options Column. This group contains the options for calibrating and testing the current loop and setting the current loop span. The present value of the current loop output is displayed in milliamperes above the test/calibration slide bar. NOTE: Refer to the following sections for more information on the current loop:! Section connecting wiring to the current loop module! Section replacing the current loop module! Section selecting the current loop powering option IMPORTANT: The current loop and relay functions on the DCT1088 are mutually exclusive. Only one of these functions can be enabled at a time. When calibrating, testing, or operating the current loop on a DCT1088, the relay function must be disabled. (The relay mode selection must be OFF.) Calibrating and Testing the Current Loop The 4 to 20 ma current loop can be calibrated. In addition, the calibration of the current loop and/or the devices connected to it can be tested. The current loop is factory calibrated and should not require field calibration prior to initial use. However, if calibration and testing should become necessary, complete the following steps: 1. From the 4-20 ma options group, click on the 4-20 ma check box to enable the current loop function. 2. Click on the TEST/CALIBRATION check box. 3. Click on the CALIBRATE command button. The first Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 1 of 5) is displayed (Figure F-18): Figure F-18 Current Loop Calibration Screen (Step 1 of 5) -163

164 4. Connect an ammeter to the input (IN) and output (OUT) terminals of the current loop module and turn on the ammeter. 5. Click on the NEXT> command button. The next Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 2 of 5) is displayed. 6. To perform a coarse calibration of the 4 ma (minimum) set point, enter the exact value of the current loop output that is presently displayed on the ammeter. 7. Click on the NEXT> command button. The next Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 3 of 5) is displayed. 8. To perform a coarse calibration of the 20 ma (full scale) set point, enter the exact value of the current loop output that is presently displayed on the ammeter. 9. Click on the NEXT> command button. TimeGATE now performs a coarse calibration of the 4 ma and 20 ma set points. The following Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 4 of 5) is displayed to allow a fine calibration (Figure F-19): Figure F-19 Current Loop Calibration Screen (Step 4 of 5) 10. Click on the 4 ma radio button: After the current loop output stabilizes, the ammeter should now read exactly 4.00 ma. If not, the 4 ma set point should be finely adjusted. 11. If fine adjustment is not required, skip this step. If fine adjustment is required, click on the up arrow button to increase the value of the output or the down arrow button to decrease the value. (Every two clicks on a button adjusts the calibration by approximately.01 ma.) 12. Adjust the calibration of the 20 ma set point in a manner similar to adjusting the 4 ma set point (steps 10 through 11). 13. Click on the NEXT> command button. -164

165 The last Current Loop Calibration screen (Step 5 of 5) is displayed (Figure F-20): Figure F-20 Current Loop Calibration Screen (Step 5 of 5) The current loop can be tested by changing the output of the flowmeter and comparing it to the reading on the ammeter. A slide bar is displayed that represents the 4 to 20 ma range. The slide bar is scaled in increments of 1 ma, with 4 ma represented on the far left and 20 ma on the far right. The present output is indicated by a pointer on the bar with the corresponding numeric value displayed above the bar. 14. To test the accuracy of the current loop, click on the slide bar pointer. 15. Drag the pointer to each test position on the 4 to 20 ma scale and compare them to the readings on the ammeter. NOTE: If testing of the current loop output is all that is required, the test can be performed on the 4-20 ma options group screen without entering the calibration mode. The 4-20 ma options group screen contains an independent test slide bar that looks and operates similar to the one displayed in the calibration mode. To activate the independent test slide bar, ensure that the TEST/CALIBRATION check box is checked and follow steps 14 and 15 of this procedure. 16. If the value displayed above the slide bar and the ammeter do not match, readjust the calibration and retest it (steps 10 through 15). NOTE: To return to the previous screen for repeating steps 10 through 15, click on the <BACK command button. 17. Click on the FINISH> button when complete. 18. Click on the SEND command button to apply the new current loop calibration settings to the flowmeter. NOTE: The current loop output maintains its present value for approximately 30 seconds after exiting the calibration or test function. -165

166 Setting the Current Loop Span After the current loop has been calibrated, the span (flow rate associated with the 4 to 20 ma output) can be set. To set the span: 1. From the 4-20 ma options group, click on the 4-20 ma check box to enable the current loop function. 2. Click on the FLOW RATE FOR 4 ma text box. 3. Enter the flow rate that equals the 4 ma (minimum) reading. 4. Click on the FLOW RATE FOR 20 ma text box. 5. Enter the flow rate that equals the 20 ma (full scale) reading. F.4.9 RELAYS OPTION GROUP The RELAY option group is accessed by clicking on RELAY(S) in the Options Column. This group contains the options for configuring and testing the relays. NOTE: Refer to Section 2.5 for information on replacing the relay and to Section for information on connecting the relay wiring. IMPORTANT: The relay and current loop functions on the DCT1088 are mutually exclusive. Only one of these functions can be enabled at a time. When programming, testing, or operating the relay on a DCT1088, the current loop function must be disabled. (The 4-20 ma check box must be unchecked.). Programming the Relays One optional programmable relay is available for the DCT1088 and four optional relays are available for the DCT6088 for functions such as alarm, pump control, etc. The relay ON and OFF conditions can be independently programmed for each relay for a specified flow, signal strength, or totalizer value. Alternatively, the relay can send a pulse to a remote device (for example, a totalizer, sampler, or chlorinator) whenever the internal totalizer advances by one unit. The relays can be tested (manually turned on and off) by clicking buttons on the screen. The output for the PULSE selections is limited to one cycle per second. The pulse duration (relay ON time) is approximately 200 milliseconds. If the totalizer increments at more than once per second, the flowmeter keeps track of how far behind the relay pulses are. The flowmeter then catches up when a flow condition occurs where the totalizer increments at a rate of less than once per second. To prevent the relay pulse output from falling behind, the totalizer multiplier (Section F.4.7) should be selected such that at the maximum anticipated flow rate the totalizer increments at once per second or less. For example if the totalizer unit is in gallons and the maximum anticipated flow is 600 gallons per minute (10 gallons per second), a multiplier of 10 should be selected. -166

167 The net totalizer can either increment or decrement depending upon the direction of the flow. Since the external totalizer (driven by the net totalizer pulse) can only increment, the flowmeter stops transmitting pulses whenever negative flow is being measured. The flowmeter keeps track of the negative flow and does not start sending pulses to the external totalizer until the measured negative flow has been canceled out by positive flow. If an application has negative flow for extended periods of time, separate external totalizers should be used, driven by the positive and negative totalizers. The net flow total can then be determined by subtracting the value for the negative external totalizer from the value for the positive external totalizer. To program the relays, follow these steps for each individual relay: 1. From the RELAY options group, click on the down arrow to the right of the RELAY NUMBER text box. Relay numbers 1 through 4 are available. 2. Click on the desired relay number. NOTE: When configuring the relay for the DCT1088, relay number 1 must be selected. 3. Click on the down arrow to the right of the MODE text box. The following relay mode selections are displayed:! OFF - (for turning off the relay function)! PROGRAM - (for setting the relay ON and OFF conditions)! PULSE NET - (for sending a pulse to a remote device whenever the net totalizer advances by one unit)! PULSE POS - (for sending a pulse to a remote device whenever the positive totalizer advances by one unit)! PULSE NEG - (for sending a pulse to a remote device whenever the negative totalizer advances by one unit) If the OFF selection or one of the PULSE selections is chosen, the relay configuration procedure is completed. If PROGRAM is selected, the relay ON and OFF conditions must be set in the following steps. The OFF condition value should be entered in conjunction with the ON condition value to establish a dead band. This prevents the relay from continuously cycling on and off when the flow is close to the ON or OFF value. For example, if the ON condition is FLOW > 250 gallons per minute, the OFF condition may be set at FLOW < 240 gallons per minute. At these settings, the relay turns on when the flow exceeds 250 gallons per minute and does not turn off until the flow falls below 240 gallons per minute. 4. Click on the down arrow of the first ON condition pull-down list. The following ON condition selections are displayed:! FLOW! SIG STRENGTH -167

168 5. Click on the desired ON condition selection. 6. Click on the down arrow of the second pull-down list. -168

169 The greater than and less than modifiers are displayed:! >! < 7. Click on the desired modifier. 8. Click on the ON condition text box (on the right) and enter the ON condition value. 9. Set the relay OFF condition in a manner similar to setting the ON condition (steps 4 through 8). Testing the Relay The relay can be tested by turning it on and off in the RELAY options group. IMPORTANT: While the relay is being tested, the relay cannot respond to flow conditions. To test the relay: 1. From the RELAY options group, click on the TEST check box to display a check mark. NOTE: The test mode will automatically disable itself after several seconds if there is no mouse or keyboard activity. 2. Click on the ON command button to turn on the relay or the OFF command button to turn off the relay. During the test, the relay should audibly click as it opens or closes and the relay s LED should light up when the relay is ON. 3. After the testing is completed, cancel the test function by clicking on the TEST check box again to remove the check mark. The relay returns to normal operation. F.4.10 OPTIONS GROUP The OPTIONS group is accessed by clicking on OPTIONS in the Options Column. This group contains several miscellaneous functions, including baud rate setup for RS232 communications, and user-designated identification for the specific flowmeter unit which is being used. Flowmeter Baud Rate For information on changing the flowmeter baud rate, refer to Section F.6.2. Unit Tag and Unit Identification Number A particular flowmeter or site may be identified by entering a unit tag (unit name) and unit identification number. The name and number are determined by the user. To identify the instrument: 1. From the OPTIONS group, click on the UNIT TAG text box -169

170 2. Enter the name of the unit, using any combination of alpha-numeric characters. -170

171 3. Click on the UNIT ID text box 4. Enter the identification number of the unit, using any whole number between 1 and 60,000. F.4.11 DISPLAY OPTION GROUP The DISPLAY option group is accessed by clicking on DISPLAY in the Options Column. This function is applicable only to DCT1088 flowmeters which have the optional display. The display can be configured to indicate any combination of flow rate, totalizer, or signal strength values. For multiple selections, a cycle time can be entered to allow the display to alternate between selections. To configure the display: 1. Click on one or more of the following check boxes in the DISPLAY options group:! FLOW RATE! SIGNAL STRENGTH! TOTALIZER 2. If more than one check box was selected, click on the CYCLE TIME text box and enter the cycle time (in whole seconds). 3. If TOTALIZER was checked, click on one of the following radio buttons (one only):! NET (net totalizer)! POS (positive totalizer)! NEG (negative totalizer) NOTE 1: The following flow units cannot be represented on the display of the flowmeter:! Cubic feet! Oil barrels! Liquor barrels! Feet! Meters If one of these flow or totalizer units is selected, a blank space is left where the unit would normally be located on the display. The flow or totalizer numeric value, however, is still displayed regardless of which unit is selected. NOTE 2: The totalizer reading on the flowmeter display is followed by a slash symbol / (a per symbol) if a totalizer multiplier other than 1 is selected. For example, a totalizer value of 2500 cubic meters with a totalizer multiplier of x100 would be displayed as: 25 M3/. -171

172 F.5 Viewing the Flow Data in the Graph Tab After the flowmeter has been configured (Section F.4), the values for signal strength, velocity, flow rate, and totalized flow can be observed in the GRAPH tab (Figures F-21 through F-23). In addition to numerical flow data, a graphical representation of a signal sample is displayed for analysis. The yellow waveform on the graph represents the signal from the upstream transducer, while the green waveform represents the signal from the downstream transducer. The Y (vertical) axis of the graph represents signal amplitude and the X (horizontal) axis represents time in microseconds. The signal from the upstream (UP) and downstream (DOWN) transducers can be displayed separately or simultaneously by clicking on the appropriate check boxes located in the upper left corner of the graph. The differential transit time of the upstream and downstream signals is represented by the horizontal distance between the peaks of the two waveforms. The greater the horizontal offset, the higher the flow rate. To view a sample of the signal in different time resolutions, the graph can be scaled with one of several time divisions along the X axis. The following time divisions selections are displayed beneath the graph:! 0.1 Τs/div (0.1 microseconds per division)! 0.5 Τs/div (0.5 microseconds per division)! 1.0 Τs/div (1.0 microseconds per division)! 2.5 Τs/div (2.5 microseconds per division)! 5.0 Τs/div (5.0 microseconds per division) The horizontal scroll bar located at the bottom of the graph may be used to view the portions of the sample which are not currently displayed. Figures F-21 through F-23 illustrate examples of the same signal as it would be displayed on the graph with three different time divisions (0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 microseconds per division). -172

173 Figure F-21 Graph with 0.5 Microseconds per Division (example) Figure F-22 Graph with 1.0 Microseconds per Division (example) -173

174 Figure F-23 Graph with 5.0 Microseconds per Division (example) The Y axis can also be displayed with one of several scaling factors. To select a scale for the Y axis, click on the down arrow to the right of the Y text box (located in the upper right corner of the graph) and click on one of the following Y scaling factors:! x1! x2! x4 For further analysis of a particular signal sample, the image can be frozen on the graph before the sample is updated by clicking the STOP check box in the lower right corner. NOTE: The RESET button on the GRAPH tab is used for resetting the totalizers. -174

175 F.6 RS232 Communications This section describes RS232 communications for TimeGATE and how to transmit a communications test message for diagnostic purposes. The baud rate and com port are the only RS232 parameters that can be selected for TimeGATE. Parity is preset at none, the character size is preset at 8, and the stop bits are preset at 1. (All selections are N,8,1.) Com port 1 or 2 can be selected. In addition, baud rates of 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, or can be selected. IMPORTANT: Prior to connecting TimeGATE to a DCT6088 or DCT7088, ensure that the TIMEGATE selection in Menu 46 is active. To activate the TIMEGATE selection in these flowmeters:! Access Menu 46.! Select TIMEGATE from the flowmeter display.! Access Menu 00. F.6.1 WHEN TimeGATE CANNOT CONNECT When starting TimeGATE (Section F.3), the Welcome Screen is displayed, followed by the Connecting Screen (Figure F-24). If the units connect properly, an X is momentarily displayed to the left of SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION, and TimeGATE connects. Figure F-24 Connecting Screen If the X is not displayed, TimeGATE does not connect and the Connecting Screen remains, offering the following options:! EXIT - To quit TimeGATE! OFFLINE - To access the TimeGATE screens in an offline session without connecting to the flowmeter (Section F.6.3)! COMM SETUP - To change the com port or baud rate settings of the PC -175

176 When TimeGATE cannot connect and the cause is unknown, complete the following steps in order from the Connecting Screen until the units connect: 1. Ensure that the cable connections are tight and that the cable is a null modem cable. 2. Click on the COMM SETUP command button. The Communications Setup Screen is displayed (Figure F-25): Figure F-25 Communications Setup Screen In the Communications Setup Screen, the com port and baud rate for the PC can be selected. The com port selected for the PC must currently be available for use by TimeGATE. (There cannot be com port conflicts.) The baud rate selected for the PC must match the current baud rate of the flowmeter. 3. Try the PC s other com port as follows:! Click on the down arrow to the right of the COM PORT text box.! Click on the other com port selection.! Click on OK. NOTE: If the selected com port is not available, a message is displayed asking whether the other com port should be used. If this occurs, click on YES. 4. From the Communications Setup Screen, try changing the PC s baud rate as follows:! Click on the down arrow to the right of the BAUD RATE text box.! Click on the most likely baud rate used by the flowmeter.! Click on OK and wait several seconds. 5. Repeat step 4, trying a different baud rate each time until the units connect. F.6.2 CHANGING THE BAUD RATE ON THE FLOWMETER The baud rate is the only RS232 parameter that can be selected for the flowmeter. The com port is preset at 1, parity is preset at none, the character size is preset at 8, and the stop bits are preset at 1. (All selections are N,8,1.) Baud rates of 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, or

177 can be selected. The baud rate on the flowmeter can be changed using TimeGATE only when TimeGATE is connected online. -177

178 To change the baud rate on the flowmeter: 1. Connect online with TimeGATE (Section F.3). 2. From the OPTIONS group on the CONFIGURATION tab, click on the down arrow to the right of the FLOWMETER BAUD RATE text box. 3. Click on the desired baud rate for the flowmeter. 4. Click on the SEND command button. 5. From the top of the screen, select CONFIGURE from the COMMUNICATIONS pull-down menu. The Communications Setup Screen is displayed (Figure F-25). 6. Click on the down arrow to the right of the BAUD RATE text box. 7. Click the baud rate selection for the PC which matches the new baud rate setting for the flowmeter and click on OK. 8. Exit from TimeGATE by selecting EXIT from the FILE pull-down menu. 9. Restart the flowmeter by turning the power to the flowmeter off and back on again. The flowmeter should now be able to connect to TimeGATE at the new baud rate. F.6.3 RUNNING TimeGATE IN AN OFFLINE SESSION TimeGATE can be run in an offline session in order to view and edit the configuration settings. The OFFLINE option is offered in the Connecting Screen (Figure F-24) if the units fail to connect. Flow and configuration data cannot be sent or received by the flowmeter in an offline session. However, the settings can be saved to a file for future online connections (Section F.4). F.6.4 COMMUNICATIONS TEST MESSAGE To transmit a communications test message: 1. From the COMMUNICATIONS tab, select TEST COMM. If communications are functioning normally, a test data string is displayed. Figure F-26 illustrates an example: -178

179 Figure F-26 Communications Test Message (example) 2. To exit the test function, click on OK or CANCEL. F.7 Manufacturing Data The MANUFACTURING tab (Figure F-27) contains flowmeter software and hardware information used by the factory. This information is not configurable by the user. -179

180 Figure F-27 Manufacturing Tab -180

181 The following information is displayed on the MANUFACTURING tab:! Sales order number! The following hardware information: - Hardware version number - Serial number - Manufacturing date - Unit type - Number of channels! Flowmeter software version number F.8 Master Erase Function This section describes the procedure for performing a master erase of all user-entered configuration data on the flowmeter. IMPORTANT: The baud rate must be set at for the master erase function to operate. To perform a master erase: 1. Exit from TimeGATE if it is currently running by selecting EXIT from the FILE pull-down menu. 2. Turn off power to the flowmeter. 3. Run TimeGATE. The Connecting Screen is displayed (Figure F-28): Figure F-28 Connecting Screen 4. Turn on power to the flowmeter. The Mini Bios Options Screen is displayed (Figure F-29): -181

182 Figure F-29 Mini Bios Options Screen 5. Click on the MASTER ERASE button. The Master Erase Confirmation Screen is displayed (Figure F-30): Figure F-30 Master Erase Confirmation Screen 6. Type yes in the text box of the Master Erase Confirmation Screen and click on the OK button. TimeGATE connects with all configuration parameters reset. -182

183 F.9 Upgrading the Flowmeter Software The version number for the flowmeter s software can be viewed in the Manufacturing Tab (Section F.7). The flowmeter can be upgraded in the field by downloading new software into its Flash memory. The software upgrade file is available on diskette from Peek Measurement or by modem download from the Peek Measurement web site at IMPORTANT: The baud rate must be set at for the software upgrade function to operate. CAUTION: If the flowmeter contains any data log files, these files may be deleted during a software upgrade. To upgrade the flowmeter: 1. Exit from TimeGATE if it is currently running by selecting EXIT from the FILE pull-down menu. 2. Turn off power to the flowmeter. 3. Run TimeGATE. The Connecting Screen is displayed (Figure F-28). 4. Turn on power to the flowmeter. The Mini Bios Options Screen is displayed (Figure F-29). 5. Click on the UPGRADE SOFTWARE button. The Software Upgrade Screen is displayed: Figure F-31 Software Upgrade Screen 6. Enter one of the following in the text box of the Software Upgrade Screen and click on OK:! A:\1088.HEX (for upgrading a DCT1088)! A:\DCT.HEX (for upgrading a DCT6088 or DCT7088) -183

184 NOTE: If the software upgrade file is in a location other than drive A, alter the command accordingly. For example, if upgrading a DCT1088 and the diskette is in drive B, enter B:\1088.HEX. -184

185 The upgrade may take several minutes to complete. While the software is being downloaded, the Download Status Screen is displayed (Figure F-32): Figure F-32 Download Status Screen The Mini Bios Options Screen is displayed again (Figure F-29). 7. Run the new software by clicking on the START PROGRAM button on the Mini Bios Options Screen. -185